CN113845332A - Preparation method of polyurethane concrete and rapid repair method of polyurethane concrete for airport pavement - Google Patents
Preparation method of polyurethane concrete and rapid repair method of polyurethane concrete for airport pavement Download PDFInfo
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- CN113845332A CN113845332A CN202111196093.6A CN202111196093A CN113845332A CN 113845332 A CN113845332 A CN 113845332A CN 202111196093 A CN202111196093 A CN 202111196093A CN 113845332 A CN113845332 A CN 113845332A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/16—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
- E01C7/14—Concrete paving
- E01C7/142—Mixtures or their components, e.g. aggregate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
- E01C7/14—Concrete paving
- E01C7/147—Repairing concrete pavings, e.g. joining cracked road sections by dowels, applying a new concrete covering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of polyurethane concrete and a method for rapidly repairing an airport pavement by using the polyurethane concrete. The polyurethane concrete for fast repairing airport pavement is prepared with polyurethane cementing material comprising polyether polyol, isocyanate and assistant, and through mixing at normal temperature and direct repairing in the broken airport pavement. The polyurethane concrete prepared by the method has excellent performance, has obvious advantages in the aspects of strength, wear resistance, durability, composite performance and the like, and improves the performance of airport pavement; the polyurethane concrete has excellent bonding performance with the airport cement concrete pavement, can effectively prolong the service life of the pavement and reduce the later maintenance cost; the polyurethane concrete has short curing time, can repair airport pavement and open traffic in a short time, reduces the loss of parking, and has good economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering, in particular to polyurethane concrete for quickly repairing an airport cement pavement.
Background
The cement concrete pavement has the advantages of good stability and compression resistance and the like, so that the cement concrete pavement is widely applied to airport pavements. Cement concrete belongs to brittle materials. After being subjected to long-term load and repeated action of external environmental factors, the airport pavement is gradually damaged in the using process, and various diseases appear in succession. Mainly comprises cracks, pitted surfaces, pits, plate corner fracture, spalling caused by salt freeze and the like. Because the maintenance of the general cement concrete pavement after being damaged is relatively difficult, the repair time is long, the repair cost is high, and the maintenance period is long after the cement concrete pavement is finished, the traffic can not be opened immediately. Therefore, the method is an effective way for ensuring the normal operation of the airport by quickly analyzing the causes of the diseases after the diseases appear on the pavement and carrying out quick repair. At present, asphalt concrete is generally adopted for repairing an airport pavement, although the problem of cement pavement diseases can be solved in a short time, under the coupling effect of load and temperature, the defects of rutting, pushing, reflection cracks and the like are easy to appear, and the pavement paving of the asphalt pavement for many times year by year influences the whole operation of a busy airport, has no good social and economic benefits, and urgently needs to introduce new materials and new processes to solve the current cement pavement diseases.
The existing polyurethane concrete has the performance limitation:
1. in the prior art, most of polyurethane concrete is polyurethane pervious concrete, is mostly used for sidewalks and low-grade pavements, and has low compactness, general strength and good water permeability.
2. In the prior art, the polyurethane dense concrete is only applied to road engineering and is not seen in airport pavement.
Xia (Xia, 2019) and Harith (Harith, 2018) use the polyurethane concrete for manufacturing engineering concrete templates, and find that the polyurethane concrete templates have excellent mechanical properties, deformation properties and durability.
Van (Van Belleghem, 2018) prepares low-viscosity polyurethane self-repairing concrete, and the low-viscosity polyurethane self-repairing concrete is used in environments which are easy to corrode such as oceans and plateaus, and the low-viscosity polyurethane self-repairing concrete is proved to have good durability.
The performance of the polyurethane mixture applied to the repair of the expansion joint is researched by Yang Xia and the like (Yang Xia, 2013), and the result shows that when the content of the polyurethane is 15%, the mechanical property of the elastic concrete is good, the construction time is moderate, the fluidity of the concrete is good, and the compression strength of 5h and 24h completely meets the requirement of the rapid repair of the expansion joint.
The shoujun (shoujun, 2014) and the gascard (gascard, 2010) also apply the polyurethane concrete to crack repair of viaduct asphalt pavement, summarize the related construction process, and prove the superior repair performance thereof.
Liu (Liu, 2012) uses organosilicon modified polyurethane and is made into polyurethane concrete for joint filler in cold regions, and applied pavement has good performance in cold environments. In addition, polyurethane concrete is also used as a lining material for road engineering, and has good deformation and durability (Palant, 2018).
The existing polyurethane concrete is often used in the scenes of roads, templates, cracks and the like. CN113336472A an epoxy modified polyurethane road repair material and a preparation method thereof, the provided preparation method pretreats raw materials comprising polyether glycol, epoxy resin, tertiary amine polyether glycol, aggregate and the like, and the components are reacted by heating, stirring, mixing and other processes to obtain the epoxy modified polyurethane road repair material; can produce the road rapid repair material with good toughness and mechanical property. The material can be used for quickly repairing damaged pits of roads.
The design principle is as follows: the epoxy modified polyurethane road repair material adopts epoxy resin/polyurethane as a core raw material, adopts amine and alcohol composite curing chain extender, and mixes A, B components to ensure that-NCO of polyurethane prepolymer reacts with-OH and-NH 2 in the chain extender. Meanwhile, the-OH in the epoxy resin may undergo graft crosslinking with the polyurethane and also may undergo a ring-opening reaction with the epoxy group. the-OH in the tertiary amino polyether glycol structure is a chain extender of the polyurethane prepolymer, the tertiary amino is a catalyst of the ring-opening reaction of the epoxy resin, and various reactions are carried out simultaneously; the amine curing chain extender in the component B is m-xylylenediamine, and the tertiary amine polyether glycol is tertiary amine polyoxyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 500; according to the limited proportion, the molar ratio of m-xylylenediamine to tertiary amine polyether glycol is 1-6, so that the reaction among the raw materials can be well assisted. In the reaction, the flexibility of polyurethane and the rigidity of epoxy resin are combined, the excellent cohesiveness of polymer is integrated with the asphalt pavement, and the reaction speed is controlled by adjusting the using amounts of the epoxy resin and the tertiary amine polyether glycol, so that the epoxy resin/polyurethane rapid repair material with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained, and can be used for rapidly repairing the pit slot damage of the asphalt pavement such as a common highway, a bridge and the like.
The traditional chemical modification method of epoxy resin for polyurethane is broken through, when amine and alcohol composite chain extension is adopted, a polyether glycol chain extender with tertiary amino is introduced into the system, and the tertiary amino plays a role in catalyzing and promoting the curing of the epoxy resin while the polyurethane is subjected to chain extension and curing, so that the chain extension and curing reaction is accelerated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a polyurethane concrete material for rapid repair of airport cement pavements, which solves the problems of the prior art.
Therefore, the invention is used for repairing the airport cracks, and the creative design is as follows:
firstly, the type and the component proportion of polyurethane cementing materials in polyurethane concrete are calculated;
secondly, the production process of the polyurethane concrete, aggregate type, polyurethane glue dosage and aggregate gradation.
The polyurethane concrete for quickly repairing the airport pavement is formed by combining a polyurethane cementing material and a mineral aggregate, wherein the polyurethane cementing material consists of polyether polyol, isocyanate and an auxiliary agent, the production mode adopts a normal-temperature mixing mode, the production is completed, the repair is directly performed on the broken part of the airport pavement after the production is completed, and the repair can be completed after 2 hours of curing and traffic opening.
The technical scheme needing protection is as follows:
technical scheme one
The preparation process of the double-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive comprises the following steps:
the components comprise polyether polyol, isocyanate and an auxiliary agent; in the proportioning setting, the mass part ratio of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate and the auxiliary agent is 300: 400: 4.2;
the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol is 350-650 mg KOH/g, and the average functionality is more than 3;
the isocyanate is polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, the viscosity is 100-400 mPa.s, and the average functionality is more than 2.5;
the auxiliary agent component comprises dispersant polyvinyl alcohol, defoamer polydimethylsiloxane and anti-aging agent p-phenylenediamine, and in the proportioning setting, the proportioning relation is defined by referring to the mass parts of polyether polyol in a system: the mass ratio of the dispersant polyvinyl alcohol to the defoamer polydimethylsiloxane to the anti-aging agent p-phenylenediamine to the polyether polyol component is 1.8: 1.5: 0.9: 300, respectively;
the specific preparation operation method comprises the following steps:
pouring polyether polyol and an auxiliary agent component into mixing equipment, wherein the auxiliary agent is uniformly dispersed in a polyether polyol component in advance, uniformly stirring the auxiliary agent component and the polyether polyol component by adopting an electric stirring blade at a stirring speed of 800-1000 revolutions per minute, and stirring for 5-6min to fully and uniformly disperse the auxiliary agent component in the polyether polyol component to obtain a primary mixture;
step 2, slowly pouring the isocyanate component into the mixture obtained in the step 1 to avoid introducing excessive air to influence the forming quality; stirring at constant speed by using an electric stirring blade to fully mix and react, wherein the stirring speed is set to 200-400 rpm, and the three components can be fully mixed and dissolved after stirring for about 2-3 min; the mixture after mixing was opaque yellow.
Technical scheme two
The polyurethane cementing material for the airport pavement:
the tensile strength of a cured test piece of the bi-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive prepared in the step 2 is greater than 15MPa, the elongation at break is greater than 20%, the surface drying time is less than 50min, the actual drying time is less than 2h, the bonding and drawing strength at 70 ℃ is greater than 2MPa, and the viscosity at 20min is less than 3 Pa.s.
Technical scheme three
A preparation method of polyurethane concrete for quickly repairing an airport pavement is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a double-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive according to the technical scheme I, and providing the double-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive for the step (3);
(2) the preparation method comprises the following steps: determining aggregate grading of each grade according to the design requirements of the airport pavement, and providing the aggregate grading for the step (3);
the aggregate consists of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate is one or a combination of a plurality of basalt, limestone and granite, and the particle size range of the aggregate is 2.36-9.5 mm; the fine aggregate is one or more of basalt, limestone and granite, and the particle size of the aggregate is 0-3 mm.
Specifically, the aggregate of each grade is graded in the following range: the sieve plate with the thickness of the sieve plate is characterized in that the 9.5mm sieve plate passing rate is 95-100%, the 4.75mm sieve plate passing rate is 60-88%, the 2.36mm sieve plate passing rate is 35-72%, the 1.18mm sieve plate passing rate is 20-61%, the 0.6mm sieve plate passing rate is 12-50%, the 0.3mm sieve plate passing rate is 6-22%, the 0.15mm sieve plate passing rate is 3-10%, and the 0.075mm sieve plate passing rate is 0-6%;
(3) determining the use amount of the polyurethane adhesive according to the performance requirement of the airport pavement, and mechanically mixing the polyurethane adhesive and aggregate at normal temperature; specifically, the using amount of the polyurethane adhesive is 10-17% of the mass of the aggregate, the mixing sequence is that the aggregate is mixed in advance for 90-120 s, then the polyurethane adhesive is added to continue mixing for 120-180 s, and the porosity of the formed polyurethane concrete is less than 5%; providing to step (4);
(4) the application steps are as follows: and carrying out laboratory test piece molding or airport pavement quick repair on the prepared polyurethane concrete.
In the examples, "gradation 5" specifically includes: 100.0% passage at 13.2mm, 99.5% passage at 9.5mm, 65.5% passage at 4.75mm, 41.1% passage at 2.36mm, 24.2% passage at 1.18mm, 19.2% passage at 0.6mm, 11.3% passage at 0.3mm, 6.7% passage at 0.15mm, and 3.9% passage at 0.075 mm.
Technical scheme four
A preparation method of polyurethane concrete for quickly repairing an airport pavement is characterized by comprising the following steps: polyurethane adhesive is mixed with aggregate at normal temperature to form polyurethane concrete, and the polyurethane concrete for rapidly repairing the airport pavement is obtained.
Technical scheme five
The rapid repairing construction process of the airport pavement comprises the following steps:
firstly, before repairing construction, making traffic safety organization of a construction road section, ensuring that a working surface of a surface to be repaired is flat, rough, clean, dry and pollution-free, and performing work such as elevation, formwork erection and the like of a repairing position according to a drawing and design requirements;
step two, preparing mixed polyurethane concrete according to the step (3);
and thirdly, paving the polyurethane concrete repairing material. Firstly, pouring a polyurethane mixture into a hopper by using a dump truck (common pavement construction equipment in the field) to realize the receiving of polyurethane concrete; conveying the polyurethane mixture to a channel of a spiral distributor (common pavement construction equipment in the field) by a scraper conveyor (common pavement construction equipment in the field), so as to realize the conveying of the polyurethane mixture; a paving vehicle (common pavement construction equipment in the field) starts a vibration mode and must perform slow, continuous and uninterrupted paving; the polyurethane mixture is uniformly spread on the whole width from left to right by a spiral distributor (common pavement construction equipment in the field) to realize material distribution; finally, a leveling plate levels the surface of the polyurethane mixture, adjusts the layer thickness and road crown and initially compacts the paving layer by a vibration device.
Fourthly, covering and curing. After the compaction is finished, the polyurethane mixture is not completely cured and reacts, and in order to prevent water from entering and reacting with the adhesive, the repairing part is covered with colored tarpaulin for curing. After the curing is carried out for a certain time to form the strength, the traffic can be opened, and the specific curing time is generally recommended to be 24 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides polyurethane concrete for quickly repairing an airport pavement and a preparation method thereof. The polyurethane concrete is formed by combining a polyurethane binder and a material, adopts a construction mode of cold mixing and cold paving, and has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and good environmental benefit. The polyurethane concrete has excellent performance, and has obvious advantages in the aspects of strength, wear resistance, durability, composite performance and the like, and the performance of the airport pavement is improved.
(2) The strength forming mechanism of the polyurethane mixture prepared by the invention is as follows:
the cement mortar and the aggregate in the cement concrete have more holes and microcracks to form an inorganic-inorganic network interface, and the polyurethane and the aggregate in the polyurethane concrete are closely bonded, and the pores are densely filled to form an organic-inorganic composite network structure, wherein the strength of the organic-inorganic composite network structure mainly depends on the mutual embedding and extrusion among the aggregates and the bonding strength of the polyurethane. The cohesion work of polyurethane is greater than that of cement concrete. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the polyurethane mixture is provided by a plurality of factors such as the embedding and squeezing force among the aggregate particles, the adhesive force between the adhesive and the aggregate, the self-cohesion of the adhesive and the like. In conclusion, the formation of organic-inorganic composite network structure and high polyurethane bonding strength of polyurethane concrete are important reasons for the good strength of polyurethane mixture.
(3) The polyurethane concrete has excellent bonding performance with the airport cement concrete pavement, can effectively prolong the service life of the pavement and reduce the later maintenance cost.
(4) The polyurethane concrete has short curing time, can repair airport pavement and open traffic in a short time, reduces the loss of parking, and has good economic and social benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a grading diagram of the grading range of polyurethane concrete and the proportion optimization in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of the tensile strength of the concrete after the repair of the polyurethane concrete;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of the shear strength of the concrete after the repair of the polyurethane concrete;
FIG. 4 is an electron computer tomography photograph of cement concrete and polyurethane concrete prepared according to the examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the technical features of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments below. The embodiments are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, and any insubstantial modifications, based on the present disclosure, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Polyurethane is a high-molecular elastomer material between plastic and rubber, and has the excellent properties of high elasticity, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, light radiation resistance, strong adhesion and adjustable hardness.
Polyurethane cements are generally classified into two types, one-component and two-component. The two-component type is conventionally an isocyanate component and a polyol component, and the polyurethane properties are determined by the different isocyanate components and the different polyol components. The invention does not open up a new chemical field, but prepares the polyurethane cementing material suitable for airport road engineering under the chemical system of the double component; the self-synthesized double-component polyurethane is utilized and grading optimization is further carried out according to characteristics, so that the polyurethane concrete suitable for rapidly repairing the airport pavement is developed.
The experimental examples disclosed in the invention disclose the component ratios, production process, glue dosage range, grading range and forming mode of the two-component polyurethane of isocyanate and polyether polyol, which are unique and innovative.
According to the invention, the glue dosage range, the grading range and the forming mode of the polyurethane concrete are designed and optimized according to the component proportion and the production process of the polyurethane cementing material, so that the polyurethane and the aggregate in the polyurethane concrete are tightly bonded, the pores are densely filled, an organic-inorganic composite network structure is formed, and the polyurethane cementing material is applied to road engineering and has excellent performance when being applied.
Example 1
Firstly, preparing a two-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive:
the components comprise polyether polyol, isocyanate and an auxiliary agent; in the proportioning setting, the mass part ratio of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate and the auxiliary agent is 300: 400: 4.2; the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol is 350-650 mg KOH/g, and the average functionality is more than 3; the isocyanate is polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, the viscosity is 100-400 mPa.s, and the average functionality is more than 2.5; the auxiliary agent component comprises dispersant polyvinyl alcohol, defoamer polydimethylsiloxane and anti-aging agent p-phenylenediamine, and in the proportioning setting, the proportioning relation is defined by referring to the mass parts of polyether polyol in a system: the mass ratio of the dispersant polyvinyl alcohol to the defoamer polydimethylsiloxane to the anti-aging agent p-phenylenediamine to the polyether polyol component is 1.8: 1.5: 0.9: 300. the specific preparation operation method comprises the following steps:
pouring polyether polyol and an auxiliary agent component into mixing equipment, wherein the auxiliary agent is uniformly dispersed in a polyether polyol component in advance, uniformly stirring the auxiliary agent component and the polyether polyol component by adopting an electric stirring blade at a constant speed, setting the stirring speed to be 900 revolutions per minute, and stirring for 5-6min to fully and uniformly disperse the auxiliary agent component in the polyether polyol component to obtain a primary mixture;
step 2, slowly pouring the isocyanate component into the mixture obtained in the step 1 to avoid introducing excessive air to influence the forming quality; stirring with electric stirring blade at uniform speed for reacting while stirring at 300 rpm for 2-3min to obtain opaque yellow mixture.
The tensile strength of a cured test piece of the bi-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive prepared in the step 2 is greater than 15MPa, the elongation at break is greater than 20%, the surface drying time is less than 50min, the actual drying time is less than 2h, the bonding and drawing strength at 70 ℃ is greater than 2MPa, and the viscosity at 20min is less than 3 Pa.s.
The technical scheme of the invention determines the aggregate grading of each grade, and specifically comprises the following steps: the aggregate consists of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate is basalt, and the particle size range of the aggregate is 2.36-9.5 mm; the fine aggregate is basalt, and the particle size range of the aggregate is 0-3 mm.
As shown in fig. 1, specifically, the aggregate grades are graded, wherein: the grading range is that the passing rate of 9.5mm sieve pores is 95-100%, the passing rate of 4.75mm sieve pores is 60-88%, the passing rate of 2.36mm sieve pores is 35-72%, the passing rate of 1.18mm sieve pores is 20-61%, the passing rate of 0.6mm sieve pores is 12-50%, the passing rate of 0.3mm sieve pores is 6-22%, the passing rate of 0.15mm sieve pores is 3-10%, and the passing rate of 0.075mm sieve pores is 0-6%.
When the grading is determined, the porosity, the compressive strength, the splitting strength and the Marshall stability are taken as performance reference indexes. In this embodiment, a "gradation 5" is determined, and the gradation 5 specifically includes, as shown in fig. 1: 100.0% passage at 13.2mm, 99.5% passage at 9.5mm, 65.5% passage at 4.75mm, 41.1% passage at 2.36mm, 24.2% passage at 1.18mm, 19.2% passage at 0.6mm, 11.3% passage at 0.3mm, 6.7% passage at 0.15mm, and 3.9% passage at 0.075 mm.
The polyurethane adhesive and the 'gradation 5' aggregate are mechanically mixed at normal temperature; specifically, the using amount of the polyurethane adhesive is 14% of the mass of the aggregate, the mixing sequence is that the aggregate is mixed in advance for 110s, then the polyurethane adhesive is added and mixed continuously for 110s, and the porosity of the formed polyurethane concrete is less than 5%.
The application comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out laboratory test piece molding on the prepared polyurethane concrete. Laboratory tests are carried out, the rapid repair concrete repair effect of the airport pavement is simultaneously checked indoors, the performance of the repaired cement concrete is evaluated by adopting the bonding strength and the shearing strength, and the bonding strength and the shearing strength are respectively measured at the normal temperature of 25 ℃ and the high temperature of 70 ℃ as shown in figures 2 and 3. The composite material has the advantages of low porosity, high strength, strong water damage resistance and high-temperature rutting resistance, and good performance. The repaired cement concrete has excellent bonding strength and shear strength and is suitable for repairing the airport cement pavement.
The strength forming mechanism of the polyurethane mixture prepared by the method is as follows:
the observation of electronic computer tomography shows that more holes and microcracks exist between cement mortar and aggregate in cement concrete, an inorganic-inorganic network interface is formed, polyurethane and aggregate in polyurethane concrete are tightly bonded, and pores are densely filled, so that an organic-inorganic composite network structure is formed, and the strength of the organic-inorganic composite network structure mainly depends on the mutual embedding and extrusion among the aggregates and the bonding strength of the polyurethane. The polyurethane concrete forms an organic-inorganic composite network structure and the high bonding strength of polyurethane is an important reason that the polyurethane mixture has good strength.
Therefore, the polyurethane concrete for rapidly repairing the airport pavement prepared by the method provided by the embodiment has excellent performance, and effectively solves the problems of difficulty in repairing the airport pavement, short service life and long maintenance time. And secondly, the material construction is convenient, and the cold mixing and cold paving are pollution-free, and meanwhile, the preparation method of the polyurethane concrete for quickly repairing the airport pavement is effectively evaluated.
The polyurethane concrete has excellent bonding performance with the airport cement concrete pavement, can effectively prolong the service life of the pavement and reduce the later maintenance cost.
The polyurethane concrete has short curing time, can repair airport pavement and open traffic in a short time, reduces the loss of parking, and has good economic and social benefits.
Further provided laboratory comparative test data
Comparative experiment 1
The volume parameter (porosity) of the test piece is measured, the adhesion of the aggregate and the polyurethane adhesive is evaluated by a freeze-thaw splitting test, the deformation performance of the test piece is evaluated by stiffness modulus and tensile strain, and the composite strength of the test piece is evaluated by Marshall stability.
Table 1 shows the performance of polyurethane concrete in different aggregate types, and the pavement performance of the two types of aggregates is tested through the freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio, the breaking tensile strain, the breaking stiffness modulus, the porosity and the Marshall stability, and the basalt polyurethane concrete is shown to be denser, higher in strength and close to the deformation performance of the basalt polyurethane concrete and the Marshall stability.
TABLE 1 polyurethane concrete Properties at different aggregate types
Comparative experiment 2
The contents of the components are respectively 12 percent, 13 percent,14％and 15% of polyurethane adhesive amount, mechanically mixing the polyurethane adhesive and the aggregate at normal temperature, respectively forming test pieces and testing:
table 3 shows the comparison of different glue amount performances of the polyurethane concrete, and it can be found that, after the glue amount of the polyurethane concrete reaches 14%, the porosity of the concrete can be controlled and close to 3.5%, and the concrete meets the requirements, and has a compressive strength as high as 45MPa, a scattering degree of only less than 2%, excellent performance, and preferably 14% of the glue amount of the polyurethane is used.
TABLE 3 comparison of different binder contents of polyurethane concretes
Comparative experiment III
The 5 specific grades selected in fig. 1 (i.e., table 1-1) were graded 1 to 5, with an increased proportion of coarse aggregate and a decreased proportion of fine aggregate, with finer grades of G-1, G-2 having lower porosity and coarser grades of G-3, G4, G5 having larger pores.
As shown in Table 2, the test results show that the G-5 grade with the coarse grading has the highest compressive strength and Marshall stability, while the G-1 grade with the finest grading has the lower strength. The embodiment of the invention is graded 5.
TABLE 1-1 polyurethane concrete grading Range and selection ratio grading
TABLE 2 measurement results of different grading polyurethane concrete properties
Contrast experiment four (ordinary repair cement concrete)
The traditional rapid repairing material for the airport pavement mostly adopts cement concrete, and the cement concrete is a composite material consisting of cement, sand, stones and water. P.O 32.5.5 ordinary portland cement of Taicang conch cement Co., Ltd is adopted, and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is adopted, so that the solid content is 20%, and the water reducing rate is 32%. The mass proportion of the materials is determined according to the properties of raw materials and the technical requirements on concrete during the design of the mixing proportion. The design mix ratios shown in the table 5 are obtained by calculating the initial mix ratio, designing the reference mix ratio and adjusting the actual mix ratio according to the initial mix ratio, and are used for subsequent test tests by adopting the specifications of cement concrete pavement design specifications of civil airports (MH/T5004-2010), the technical specifications of cement concrete pavement surface layer construction of civil airport flight areas (MH5006-2015), the design rules of the common concrete mix ratio (JGJ55-2011), the standard of a common concrete mixture performance test method (GB/T50080-2016) and the standard of a common concrete mechanical performance test method (GB/T50081-2002).
TABLE 5 design mix proportion of ordinary repair cement concrete
Table 4 shows the comparison between the properties of the ordinary cement concrete (comparative example) and the polyurethane concrete (example 1) for rapid repair of airport pavement, and shows that the concrete has low porosity, high strength, strong water damage resistance and high-temperature rutting resistance, and has good properties. The repaired cement concrete has excellent bonding strength and shear strength and is suitable for repairing the airport cement pavement.
TABLE 4 comparison of Performance of Portland Cement concrete for Rapid repair of airport pavement and polyurethane concrete of this example
Therefore, the polyurethane concrete for rapidly repairing the airport pavement prepared by the method provided by the embodiment has excellent performance, and effectively solves the problems of difficulty in repairing the airport pavement, short service life and long maintenance time. And secondly, the material construction is convenient, and the cold mixing and cold paving are pollution-free, and meanwhile, the preparation method of the polyurethane concrete for quickly repairing the airport pavement is effectively evaluated.
According to the cement concrete disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, through the observation of electronic computer tomography, more holes and microcracks are formed between the cement mortar and the aggregate to form an inorganic-inorganic network interface, and polyurethane in the polyurethane concrete is tightly bonded with the aggregate, the holes are densely filled to form an organic-inorganic composite network structure, and the strength of the organic-inorganic composite network structure mainly depends on the mutual embedding and extrusion among the aggregates and the bonding strength of the polyurethane. At the same time, the test results (Table 4) also show that the work of cohesion of polyurethane is greater than that of cement concrete. According to the compression performance and the failure characteristics of the cement concrete under high strain rate, the stress-strain curve of the cement concrete comprises a yield stage and a strengthening stage, the strain is increased faster than the stress in the yield stage, and the stress is increased rapidly in the strengthening stage due to the interaction of plastic deformation of the cement concrete and aggregates. At this time, since many holes are left after the hydration reaction in the cement concrete is finished and the water is evaporated (see fig. 4, left side), the formation, expansion and damage of micro-cracks are easily caused after the cement concrete is stressed. And the polyurethane is tightly bonded with the aggregate, and the pores are densely filled, so that an organic-inorganic composite network structure is formed, and the rapid generation and expansion of micro cracks are avoided (see the right part of figure 4). Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the polyurethane mixture is provided by a plurality of factors such as the embedding and squeezing force among the aggregate particles, the adhesive force between the adhesive and the aggregate, the self-cohesion of the adhesive and the like. In conclusion, the formation of organic-inorganic composite network structure and high polyurethane bonding strength of polyurethane concrete are important reasons for the good strength of polyurethane mixture.
Five items of comparison
In addition, compared with the CN113336472A epoxy modified polyurethane road repair material and the preparation method, the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
CN113336472A, is epoxy modified polyurethane glue, is applied to the rapid repair of damaged pits of roads, and does not contain aggregate gradation. Because the airport pavement bears the great load of the airplane, the pavement is easy to push and extrude to damage the repairing material under the action of dynamic load impact of the airplane. Therefore, the airport pavement has higher requirements on the bonding performance and the strength of the repair material, and can form a skeleton structure with occluded and embedded aggregates to resist the pushing and damaging effects under the load impact of the airplane. Compared with the embodiment 1, the technology lacks a skeleton structure of aggregate occlusion and embedding and extrusion, does not form an organic-inorganic composite network structure formed by tight bonding between polyurethane and aggregate and dense pore filling in the embodiment 1, and is not suitable for airport pavement.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the polyurethane concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a double-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive and providing the double-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive for the step (3);
the preparation process of the double-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive comprises the following components of polyether polyol, isocyanate and an auxiliary agent; in the proportioning setting, the mass part ratio of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate and the auxiliary agent is 300: 400: 4.2;
the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol is 350-650 mg KOH/g, and the average functionality is more than 3;
the isocyanate is polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, the viscosity is 100-400 mPa.s, and the average functionality is more than 2.5;
the auxiliary agent component comprises dispersant polyvinyl alcohol, defoamer polydimethylsiloxane and anti-aging agent p-phenylenediamine, and in the proportioning setting, the proportioning relation is defined by referring to the mass parts of polyether polyol in a system: the mass ratio of the dispersant polyvinyl alcohol to the defoamer polydimethylsiloxane to the anti-aging agent p-phenylenediamine to the polyether polyol component is 1.8: 1.5: 0.9: 300, respectively;
the specific preparation operation method of the double-component non-aqueous polyurethane adhesive comprises the following steps:
pouring polyether polyol and an auxiliary agent component into mixing equipment, wherein the auxiliary agent is uniformly dispersed in a polyether polyol component in advance, uniformly stirring the auxiliary agent component and the polyether polyol component by adopting an electric stirring blade at a stirring speed of 800-1000 revolutions per minute, and stirring for 5-6min to fully and uniformly disperse the auxiliary agent component in the polyether polyol component to obtain a primary mixture;
step 2, slowly pouring the isocyanate component into the mixture obtained in the step 1 to avoid introducing excessive air to influence the forming quality; stirring at constant speed by using an electric stirring blade to fully mix and react, wherein the stirring speed is set to 200-400 r/min, and stirring for 2-3min to fully mix and dissolve the three components; the mixture after mixing is opaque and yellow;
(2) the preparation method comprises the following steps: determining aggregate grading of each grade according to the design requirements of the airport pavement, and providing the aggregate grading for the step (3);
the aggregate consists of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate is one or a combination of a plurality of basalt, limestone and granite, and the particle size range of the aggregate is 2.36-9.5 mm; the fine aggregate is one or a combination of a plurality of basalt, limestone and granite, and the particle size range of the aggregate is 0-3 mm;
specifically, the aggregate of each grade is graded in the following range: the sieve plate with the thickness of the sieve plate is characterized in that the 9.5mm sieve plate passing rate is 95-100%, the 4.75mm sieve plate passing rate is 60-88%, the 2.36mm sieve plate passing rate is 35-72%, the 1.18mm sieve plate passing rate is 20-61%, the 0.6mm sieve plate passing rate is 12-50%, the 0.3mm sieve plate passing rate is 6-22%, the 0.15mm sieve plate passing rate is 3-10%, and the 0.075mm sieve plate passing rate is 0-6%;
(3) determining the use amount of the polyurethane adhesive according to the performance requirement of the airport pavement, and mechanically mixing the polyurethane adhesive and aggregate at normal temperature; specifically, the using amount of the polyurethane adhesive is 10-17% of the mass of the aggregate, the mixing sequence is that the aggregate is mixed in advance for 90-120 s, then the polyurethane adhesive is added to continue mixing for 120-180 s, and the porosity of the formed polyurethane concrete is less than 5%; providing to step (4);
(4) the application steps are as follows: and carrying out laboratory test piece molding or airport pavement quick repair on the prepared polyurethane concrete.
2. A polyurethane concrete rapid repair method for an airport pavement is characterized in that the airport pavement rapid repair construction process comprises the following steps:
firstly, before repairing construction, making traffic safety organization of a construction road section, ensuring that a working surface of a surface to be repaired is flat, rough, clean, dry and pollution-free, and performing elevation and formwork erection work on a repairing position according to a drawing and design requirements;
secondly, preparing mixed polyurethane concrete;
thirdly, paving a polyurethane concrete repairing material: firstly, pouring a polyurethane mixture into a hopper by using a dump truck to realize the receiving of polyurethane concrete; conveying the polyurethane mixture to a spiral distributor channel through a scraper conveyor to realize the conveying of the polyurethane mixture; the paving vehicle starts a vibration mode and must pave slowly, continuously and uninterruptedly; the spiral distributor uniformly spreads the polyurethane mixture on the whole width to realize material distribution; finally, leveling the surface of the polyurethane mixture by a leveling plate, adjusting the layer thickness and the road arch, and carrying out preliminary compaction on the spreading layer by a vibration device;
fourthly, covering and maintaining: after the compaction is finished, the polyurethane mixture is not completely cured and reacted, and in order to prevent water from entering and reacting with the adhesive, a color tarpaulin is covered on the repaired part for curing; after the curing is carried out for a certain time to form the strength, the traffic can be opened, and the specific curing time is generally recommended to be 24 hours.
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