CN113845032A - Energy-saving hydraulic system for telescopic arm of electric front crane - Google Patents
Energy-saving hydraulic system for telescopic arm of electric front crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN113845032A CN113845032A CN202111437343.0A CN202111437343A CN113845032A CN 113845032 A CN113845032 A CN 113845032A CN 202111437343 A CN202111437343 A CN 202111437343A CN 113845032 A CN113845032 A CN 113845032A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/20—Control systems or devices for non-electric drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
- B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
- B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
- B66C23/705—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by hydraulic jacks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/027—Check valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving hydraulic system of an electric front crane telescopic boom.A fixed displacement pump/motor has an inlet and an outlet which are respectively connected with two cavities of a telescopic boom oil cylinder through a second switch valve and a third switch valve; the outlets of the two safety valves are connected, and the inlets of the two safety valves are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor; the positive inlets of the two hydraulic control one-way valves are connected, the outlets of the two hydraulic control one-way valves are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor, the hydraulic control port of the first hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the outlet of the second hydraulic control one-way valve, and the hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the outlet of the first hydraulic control one-way valve; the outlet of the safety valve and the positive inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve are connected with the oil tank, and the inlet of the second safety valve is connected with the oil tank through the first switch valve. The energy-saving hydraulic system for the electric front-lift telescopic boom solves the problems that the pure electric front-lift telescopic boom can retract passively when the heavy load is carried at a large angle and retract actively when the light load is carried at a small angle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic control, in particular to an energy-saving hydraulic system for an electric front crane telescopic arm.
Background
The container front crane, called front crane for short, commonly called container front crane or front crane, is a crane for loading and unloading containers. A large amount of potential energy is converted into heat through the throttle valve and is wasted when the large arm is placed down and the telescopic arm retracts, and in addition, the converted heat enables the hydraulic oil to be over-temperature, and energy is additionally consumed to dissipate heat of the hydraulic oil. Therefore, the pure electric front crane can greatly improve the efficiency of a hydraulic system and the energy utilization rate of a power battery by realizing the energy recovery technology, and prolong the operation time after single full charge.
As shown in fig. 2, the angle of the supporting cylinder of the big arm of the front crane is large, the passive lowering action of the arm support can be realized by the arm support, the lifting appliance and the load gravity, and the potential energy recovery of the big arm can be realized by adopting the hydraulic schematic diagram of fig. 3. When the big arm rises, the motor drives the hydraulic pump/motor to supply liquid to the big cavity of the oil cylinder, and when the big arm is lowered, gravity acts on the piston rod of the oil cylinder, so that oil in the big cavity of the oil cylinder forms high pressure, the pump/motor is driven to work under the working condition of the motor, and the motor works in a power generation state, and gravitational potential energy is converted into electric energy to be recycled into the battery. For large arm telescopic action, the large arm telescopic action is feasible when the arm support is under heavy load and at a large angle, but under light load and at a small angle, the component force of gravity along the arm support direction is not enough to overcome the friction force between the telescopic arms, so that active liquid supply is required to be carried out to a small cavity of an oil cylinder of the telescopic arm to realize the retracting action; the pure electric front crane pushed out in the market basically does not realize energy recovery for the telescopic boom, and only realizes recovery for the boom lowering. Aiming at the problem, in the prior art, a large arm angle sensor is installed, a switch valve is changed into a multi-way valve, whether a telescopic arm has passive retraction capacity or not is judged by detecting a large arm pitching angle, a critical angle is 1/G, G is load weight, when the large arm angle is smaller than 1/G, the multi-way valve is switched to an oil cylinder active liquid inlet state, and when the large arm angle is larger than 1/G, the multi-way valve is switched to an oil cylinder passive retraction state and an energy recovery state.
The following problems exist in the scheme of judging the state by adopting the large arm angle:
1. because the friction force between the telescopic arm and the sleeve is related to the load G, the pitch angle of the large arm and the friction coefficient, the gap between the telescopic arm and the sleeve is large, the friction force and the extrusion force are related to the pitch angle and the extending distance of the telescopic arm, only the pitch angle is detected, and 1/G is taken as a critical angle to easily cause state misjudgment;
2. the throttle orifice of the proportional multi-way valve is used for speed regulation of the telescopic arm, and throttle loss always exists on a valve port.
Therefore, how to provide an energy-saving hydraulic system of an electric reach stacker telescopic boom, which solves the above technical problems, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving hydraulic system for an electric front crane telescopic arm, which solves the problems that the pure electric front crane telescopic arm can be passively retracted for energy recovery under heavy load at a large angle and can be actively retracted under light load at a small angle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an energy-saving hydraulic system for an electric front crane telescopic arm, which comprises a telescopic arm oil cylinder, an oil tank, a speed regulating motor and a constant delivery pump/motor which are connected, and further comprises a first safety valve, a second safety valve, a first hydraulic control one-way valve, a second hydraulic control one-way valve, a first switch valve, a second switch valve and a third switch valve; the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor are respectively connected with the two cavities of the telescopic boom oil cylinder through the second switch valve and the third switch valve; the outlets of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are connected, and the inlets of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor; the positive inlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic control one-way valve are connected, the outlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic control one-way valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the dosing pump/motor, the hydraulic control port of the first hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the outlet of the second hydraulic control one-way valve, and the hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the outlet of the first hydraulic control one-way valve; the outlet of the first safety valve and the positive inlet of the first hydraulic control one-way valve are connected with the oil tank, and the inlet of the second safety valve is connected with the oil tank through the first switch valve.
Preferably, the speed regulating motor has a four-quadrant operation function, and is a direct current motor, an alternating current asynchronous motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor or a switched reluctance motor.
Preferably, the fixed displacement pump/motor has a bidirectional rotation function, and the fixed displacement pump/motor is a bidirectional fixed displacement pump/motor.
Preferably, the first switch valve and/or the second switch valve and/or the third switch valve are two-position two-way reversing valves.
Preferably, the valve core of the two-position two-way reversing valve is a ball valve.
Compared with the prior art, the electric front-lift telescopic boom energy-saving hydraulic system provided by the invention comprises a telescopic boom oil cylinder, an oil tank, a speed regulating motor and a constant delivery pump/motor which are connected, and further comprises a first safety valve, a second safety valve, a first hydraulic control one-way valve, a second hydraulic control one-way valve, a first switch valve, a second switch valve and a third switch valve; the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor are respectively connected with two cavities of the telescopic arm oil cylinder through a second switch valve and a third switch valve; the outlets of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are connected, and the inlets of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor; the positive inlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic control one-way valve are connected, the outlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic control one-way valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor, the hydraulic control port of the first hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the outlet of the second hydraulic control one-way valve, and the hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the outlet of the first hydraulic control one-way valve; the export of first relief valve, the positive direction import of first liquid accuse check valve link to each other with the oil tank, and the import of second relief valve links to each other with the oil tank through first ooff valve.
The electric front-lift telescopic arm energy-saving hydraulic system adopts a motor to drive a constant delivery pump/motor for speed regulation of an oil cylinder, and solves the problem of valve control speed regulation throttling loss; when the oil cylinder retracts, the system works in a closed state, when the component force of gravity along the arm is greater than resistance, the motor works in a power generation state to realize passive retraction and energy recovery, and when the component force of gravity along the arm is less than the resistance, the motor works in an electric state to realize active retraction, and the motor is adaptively adjusted to be in an electric or power generation working state according to external load, so that the problems of capacity recovery and no misjudgment during retraction of the telescopic arm are solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy-saving hydraulic system of an electric reach stacker telescopic boom according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crane;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional telescopic boom hydraulic system.
Wherein:
the hydraulic control system comprises a speed regulating motor 1, a fixed displacement pump/motor 2, a first safety valve 3, a second safety valve 4, an oil tank 5, a first hydraulic control one-way valve 6, a second hydraulic control one-way valve 7, a telescopic arm oil cylinder 8, a first switch valve 9, a second switch valve 10 and a third switch valve 11.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy-saving hydraulic system of an electric reach stacker boom, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a crane, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional hydraulic system of a boom.
In a first specific embodiment, the energy-saving hydraulic system of the electric front crane telescopic boom provided by the invention comprises a telescopic boom oil cylinder 8, an oil tank 5, a speed regulating motor 1 and a constant delivery pump/motor 2 which are connected, and the parts are the same as the existing parts; on the basis, the system provided by the embodiment further comprises a first relief valve 3, a second relief valve 4, a first pilot-operated check valve 6, a second pilot-operated check valve 7, a first switch valve 9, a second switch valve 10 and a third switch valve 11.
In this embodiment, the inlet and outlet of the fixed displacement pump/motor 2 are connected to two cavities of the telescopic boom cylinder 8, respectively, a second switch valve 10 is disposed between the inlet of the fixed displacement pump/motor 2 and the large cavity of the telescopic boom cylinder 8, and a third switch valve 11 is disposed between the outlet of the fixed displacement pump/motor 2 and the small cavity of the telescopic boom cylinder 8. The outlets of the first safety valve 3 and the second safety valve 4 are connected, and the inlets of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the fixed displacement pump/motor 2. The positive inlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve 6 and the second hydraulic control one-way valve 7 are connected, the outlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve 6 and the second hydraulic control one-way valve 7 are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the constant delivery pump/motor 2, the hydraulic control port of the first hydraulic control one-way valve 6 is connected with the outlet of the second hydraulic control one-way valve 7, and the hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control one-way valve 7 is connected with the outlet of the first hydraulic control one-way valve 6. The outlet of the first safety valve 3 and the forward inlet of the first pilot-operated check valve 6 are connected with the oil tank 5, and the inlet of the second safety valve 4 is connected with the oil tank 5 through a first switch valve 9.
The electric front crane telescopic arm energy-saving hydraulic system is suitable for a pure electric front crane, and in a specific operation specification:
1. when the system stops, the first switch valve 9, the second switch valve 10 and the third switch valve 11 are closed, and the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 does not slide downwards when hovering;
2. when the telescopic boom oil cylinder 8 extends out, the first switch valve 9, the second switch valve 10 and the third switch valve 11 are opened, the speed regulating motor 1 works to drive the constant delivery pump/motor 2 to work in an open oil circuit state and supply liquid to the large cavity of the telescopic boom oil cylinder 8, and the flow difference of oil in the large cavity and the small cavity of the telescopic boom oil cylinder 8 is supplemented by the oil tank 5;
3. when the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 retracts passively, the first switch valve 9 is closed, the second switch valve 10 and the third switch valve 11 are opened, the oil path is in a closed system state, under the action of gravity, the constant delivery pump/motor 2 works in a motor state to drive the speed regulating motor 1 to generate electricity to realize energy recovery, the pressure of a large cavity of the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 is greater than the pressure of a small cavity of the telescopic arm oil cylinder, so that the first hydraulic control one-way valve 6 is closed, the second hydraulic control one-way valve 7 is opened reversely, one part of oil discharged from the large cavity returns to the small cavity of the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 when the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 retracts, and the other part of oil flows back to the oil tank 5 through the second hydraulic control one-way valve 7;
4. when the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 retracts actively, the first switch valve 9 is closed, the second switch valve 10 and the third switch valve 11 are opened, the oil path is in a closed system state, the constant delivery pump/motor 2 is driven by the speed regulating motor 1 to work in a pump state, the pressure of a large cavity of the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 is smaller than the pressure of a small cavity of the telescopic arm oil cylinder, so that the second hydraulic control one-way valve 7 is closed, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 6 is opened reversely, one part of oil discharged from the large cavity returns to the small cavity of the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 when the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 retracts, and the other part of the oil flows back to the oil tank 5 through the first hydraulic control one-way valve 6;
5. the controller of the speed regulating motor 1 only needs to control the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor 1 to be a set value, the speed regulating motor 1 can automatically switch between the two states according to the external load, the speed regulating motor 1 generates power and charges an energy storage device such as a battery when the external load is large, energy recovery is realized, and the speed regulating motor 1 is powered when the external load is small, so that active retraction is realized.
The electric front-lift telescopic boom energy-saving hydraulic system adopts the speed-regulating motor 1 to regulate the speed and drive the constant delivery pump/motor 2 to realize the speed regulation of the telescopic boom oil cylinder 8, and the problem of valve control speed regulation throttling loss is solved; when the telescopic arm oil cylinder 8 retracts, the system works in a closed state, when the component force of gravity along the arm is greater than resistance, the speed regulating motor 1 works in a power generation state to realize passive retraction and energy recovery, and when the component force of gravity along the arm is less than the resistance, the speed regulating motor 1 works in an electric state to realize active retraction, and the speed regulating motor 1 is adaptively adjusted to be in an electric or power generation working state according to external load, so that the problems of possible energy recovery and no generation of misjudgment during retraction of the telescopic arm are solved.
Further, the speed regulating motor 1 has a four-quadrant operation function, and the speed regulating motor 1 is a direct current motor, an alternating current asynchronous motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor or a switched reluctance motor.
In this embodiment, the speed-regulating motor 1 may be a direct current motor, or may also be an alternating current asynchronous motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor or a switched reluctance motor; the adjustable speed motor 1 has a four-quadrant operation function, namely, the adjustable speed motor can rotate forwards or backwards, and can be operated electrically and generate power under each steering.
Further, the fixed displacement pump/motor 2 has a bidirectional rotation function, and the fixed displacement pump/motor 2 is a bidirectional fixed displacement pump/motor.
In the present embodiment, the fixed displacement pump/motor 2 is a bidirectional fixed displacement pump/motor, i.e., has a bidirectional rotation function, and can operate in both the pump operation and the motor operation in each direction.
Besides, pilot operated check valves, i.e., the first pilot operated check valve 6 and the second pilot operated check valve 7, are employed as the flow matching valves.
Further, the first switch valve 9 and/or the second switch valve 10 and/or the third switch valve 11 are two-position two-way reversing valves.
On the basis, the valve core of the two-position two-way reversing valve is a ball valve, so that sealing when the oil way is disconnected is ensured.
The energy-saving hydraulic system of the electric front crane telescopic boom is suitable for cranes, namely front cranes, and solves the problems that the pure electric front crane telescopic boom can retract energy passively when a heavy load is carried at a large angle and can retract actively when a light load is carried at a small angle.
It is noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity from another entity without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities.
The energy-saving hydraulic system of the electric front crane telescopic arm provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An electric front-lift telescopic boom energy-saving hydraulic system comprises a telescopic boom oil cylinder (8), an oil tank (5), a speed regulating motor (1) and a constant delivery pump/motor (2) which are connected, and is characterized by further comprising a first safety valve (3), a second safety valve (4), a first hydraulic control one-way valve (6), a second hydraulic control one-way valve (7), a first switch valve (9), a second switch valve (10) and a third switch valve (11); the inlet and the outlet of the fixed displacement pump/motor (2) are respectively connected with the two cavities of the telescopic arm oil cylinder (8) through the second switch valve (10) and the third switch valve (11); the outlets of the first safety valve (3) and the second safety valve (4) are connected, and the inlets of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the fixed displacement pump/motor (2); the positive inlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve (6) and the second hydraulic control one-way valve (7) are connected, the outlets of the first hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic control one-way valve are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the dosing pump/motor (2), the hydraulic control port of the first hydraulic control one-way valve (6) is connected with the outlet of the second hydraulic control one-way valve (7), and the hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control one-way valve (7) is connected with the outlet of the first hydraulic control one-way valve (6); the outlet of the first safety valve (3) and the forward inlet of the first pilot-operated check valve (6) are connected with the oil tank (5), and the inlet of the second safety valve (4) is connected with the oil tank (5) through the first switch valve (9).
2. The energy-saving hydraulic system of the electric reach stacker telescopic arm according to claim 1, wherein the speed regulating motor (1) has a four-quadrant operation function, and the speed regulating motor (1) is a direct current motor, an alternating current asynchronous motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor or a switched reluctance motor.
3. The electric reach stacker telescopic arm energy-saving hydraulic system according to claim 1, wherein the fixed displacement pump/motor (2) has a bidirectional rotation function, and the fixed displacement pump/motor (2) is a bidirectional fixed displacement pump/motor.
4. The electric reach stacker telescopic arm energy-saving hydraulic system according to claim 1, wherein the first switch valve (9) and/or the second switch valve (10) and/or the third switch valve (11) is a two-position two-way directional valve.
5. The electric front crane telescopic arm energy-saving hydraulic system according to claim 4, wherein a valve core of the two-position two-way reversing valve is a ball valve.
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| CN202111437343.0A CN113845032A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Energy-saving hydraulic system for telescopic arm of electric front crane |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116989037A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 重庆大学 | Pump control system and control method for energy recovery |
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