CN113842793A - Reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination - Google Patents
Reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- JSYPRLVDJYQMAI-ODZAUARKSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O JSYPRLVDJYQMAI-ODZAUARKSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 42
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052923 celestite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 i.e. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009285 membrane fouling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/105—Support pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination, and relates to the technical field of reverse osmosis membranes. The reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-45 parts of polysulfone resin, 20-53 parts of dimethylformamide, 2-4 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5-7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-3 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-20 parts of natural nanocrystals, 3-5 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 10-20 parts of naphtha, 2-3 parts of anti-aging agent, 1-2 parts of scale inhibitor, 0.1-1 part of surfactant and 0.1-0.5 part of trimesoyl chloride. Through improving the technology, and technological parameter very reasonable and concrete, can alleviate operator's work load greatly, production is convenient, carries out modification treatment to reverse osmosis membrane through the mixed liquid of antisludging agent and surfactant active, antiager to improved reverse osmosis membrane's chlorine resistance, ageing resistance and dirt resistance, avoided adding the sodium hypochlorite in the sea water and destroyed reverse osmosis membrane's membrane structure, solved the problem that reverse osmosis membrane can not long-term steady operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reverse osmosis membranes, in particular to a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination.
Background
Reverse osmosis, also known as reverse osmosis, is a membrane separation operation that uses a pressure differential as a driving force to separate a solvent from a solution. The feed solution on one side of the membrane is pressurized and when the pressure exceeds its osmotic pressure, the solvent will reverse osmosis against the direction of natural osmosis. Thereby obtaining a permeated solvent, i.e., permeate, at the low pressure side of the membrane; the high pressure side yields a concentrated solution, i.e., a concentrate. If seawater is treated by reverse osmosis, fresh water is obtained at the low pressure side of the membrane and brine is obtained at the high pressure side.
At present, the domestic research on the technical aspect of the seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane mainly focuses on the generation reaction aspect of crosslinked aromatic polyamide, including various monomers, additives, polar solvents and the like, and the research on the post-treatment aspect of the membrane, but the research on the polysulfone support layer is only reported, the seawater desalination membrane has harsh application conditions and high operation pressure, the membrane can operate for a long time, the performance is kept stable, and the preparation of the support layer is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination, which solves the problem that a membrane cannot stably operate for a long time.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-45 parts of polysulfone resin, 20-53 parts of dimethylformamide, 2-4 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5-7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-3 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-20 parts of natural nanocrystals, 3-5 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 10-20 parts of naphtha, 2-3 parts of anti-aging agent, 1-2 parts of scale inhibitor, 0.1-1 part of surfactant and 0.1-0.5 part of trimesoyl chloride.
Preferably, the preparation method of the reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a support:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, cleaning polysulfone resin, drying for 8-10h in a vacuum drying box at the temperature of 100-;
(2) filtering the solution a, then placing the solution a into an ultrasonic defoaming tank for defoaming treatment, uniformly coating the solution a on a non-woven fabric on a spraying machine, wherein the wet film thickness is 150 mu m, and then immersing the non-woven fabric in pure water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for gel curing to form a film to obtain a support body;
s2, preparing an amine-containing aqueous phase solution: dissolving m-phenylenediamine in 20 times of water, adding a surfactant into the water solution after the m-phenylenediamine is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 9-10, thus obtaining an amine-containing water phase solution; wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfonate;
s3, preparing an acyl chloride oil phase solution: dissolving trimesoyl chloride in naphtha, and stirring and dissolving to obtain acyl chloride oil phase solution.
S4, preparing a reverse osmosis membrane: firstly, the support body is immersed in an amine-containing aqueous phase solution, after the excessive solution on the surface is removed by a rubber roller, the water on the membrane surface is further volatilized under the conditions that the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 50-80%, then an acyl chloride oil phase solution is coated on the support body, after a part of the acyl chloride oil phase solution on the surface is removed, the support body enters an oven at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ for drying, and the seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane is obtained.
Preferably, the preparation method of the scale inhibitor comprises the following steps:
a1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 40-60% of polyaspartic acid, 10-30% of acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer, 1-5% of citric acid and the balance of deionized water;
a2, adding polyaspartic acid into a maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, stirring, sequentially adding deionized water, an acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer and citric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain the scale inhibitor.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. by improving the process, the process parameters are very reasonable and concrete, the workload of operators can be greatly reduced, the production is convenient, the problem of membrane pollution caused by the deposition of CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4, SrSO4, iron oxide and silica scale on the reverse osmosis membrane can be effectively solved, the membrane surface scaling and the reverse osmosis membrane fouling blockage can be prevented, meanwhile, the environment can not be polluted, the energy consumption in the application process of the reverse osmosis membrane is further reduced, and the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane is prolonged.
2. According to the invention, the reverse osmosis membrane is modified by the mixed liquid of the scale inhibitor, the surfactant and the anti-aging agent, so that the chlorine resistance, the anti-aging property and the scale resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane are improved, the phenomenon that the membrane structure of the reverse osmosis membrane is damaged by adding sodium hypochlorite into seawater is avoided, and the problem that the reverse osmosis membrane cannot stably operate for a long time is solved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of polysulfone resin, 53 parts of dimethylformamide, 4 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 20 parts of natural nanocrystals, 5 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 20 parts of naphtha, 3 parts of anti-aging agent, 2 parts of scale inhibitor, 1 part of surfactant and 0.5 part of trimesoyl chloride.
Polysulfone material has good rigidity and toughness, temperature resistance, thermal oxidation resistance, excellent creep resistance, inorganic acid resistance, alkali resistance, corrosion resistance of salt solution, ion radiation resistance, no toxicity, good insulativity and self-extinguishing property, and easy forming processing, the adopted dimethylformamide is a transparent liquid, can be mutually dissolved with water and most organic solvents, m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride have polymerization reaction, so that a polyamide layer is generated on the surface of a polysulfone base membrane layer, the polyamide layer can play the roles of hydrophilicity and salt phobicity, and further can retain various inorganic ions, colloidal substances and macromolecular solutes in water, so as to purify seawater, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is added when a polysulfone support body is prepared, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) contains hydroxyl (ROH) groups, so that the separation membrane has relatively hydrophilic and smooth surfaces, and after the m-benzenetricarboyl chloride and the former hydrophilic groups form hydrogen bonds in the subsequent interfacial polymerization, further diffusion goes into the hole of base film, finally forms thicker separating layer to make reverse osmosis membrane better to the desalination effect of sea water, carry out modification treatment to reverse osmosis membrane through the mixed solution of antisludging agent and surfactant active, ageing resistance, thereby improved reverse osmosis membrane's chlorine resistance, ageing resistance and dirt resistance, avoided adding the sodium hypochlorite in the sea water and destroyed reverse osmosis membrane's membrane structure.
A preparation method of a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a support:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, cleaning polysulfone resin, drying for 8-10h in a vacuum drying box at the temperature of 100-;
(2) filtering the solution a, then placing the solution a into an ultrasonic defoaming tank for defoaming treatment, uniformly coating the solution a on a non-woven fabric on a spraying machine, wherein the wet film thickness is 150 mu m, and then immersing the non-woven fabric in pure water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for gel curing to form a film to obtain a support body;
s2, preparing an amine-containing aqueous phase solution: dissolving m-phenylenediamine in 20 times of water, adding a surfactant into the water solution after the m-phenylenediamine is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 9-10, thus obtaining an amine-containing water phase solution; wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfonate;
s3, preparing an acyl chloride oil phase solution: dissolving trimesoyl chloride in naphtha, and stirring and dissolving to obtain acyl chloride oil phase solution.
S4, preparing a reverse osmosis membrane: firstly, a support body is immersed into an amine-containing aqueous phase solution, after the excessive solution on the surface is removed by a rubber roller, the water on the membrane surface is further volatilized under the conditions that the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 50-80%, then an acyl chloride oil phase solution is coated on the support body, after a part of the acyl chloride oil phase solution on the surface is removed, the support body enters an oven at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ for drying, and the seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane is obtained.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the scale inhibitor includes the following steps:
a1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 40-60% of polyaspartic acid, 10-30% of acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer, 1-5% of citric acid and the balance of deionized water;
a2, adding polyaspartic acid into a maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, stirring, sequentially adding deionized water, an acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer and citric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain the scale inhibitor.
Through improving the process, and the technological parameter is very reasonable and concrete, can alleviate operator's work load greatly, and production is convenient, can effectively solve CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4, SrSO4, the membrane pollution problem that brings of the deposit of iron oxide and silica scale on the reverse osmosis membrane, prevent the scale deposit of membrane face, prevent that reverse osmosis membrane is dirty stifled, can not cause the pollution to the environment simultaneously, and then reduce the energy consumption in the reverse osmosis membrane application, extension reverse osmosis membrane's life.
Example two:
the embodiment of the invention provides a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of polysulfone resin, 20 parts of dimethylformamide, 2 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of natural nanocrystals, 3 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 10 parts of naphtha, 2 parts of anti-aging agent, 1 part of scale inhibitor, 0.1 part of surfactant and 0.1 part of trimesoyl chloride.
Polysulfone material has good rigidity and toughness, temperature resistance, thermal oxidation resistance, excellent creep resistance, inorganic acid resistance, alkali resistance, corrosion resistance of salt solution, ion radiation resistance, no toxicity, good insulativity and self-extinguishing property, and easy forming processing, the adopted dimethylformamide is a transparent liquid, can be mutually dissolved with water and most organic solvents, m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride have polymerization reaction, so that a polyamide layer is generated on the surface of a polysulfone base membrane layer, the polyamide layer can play the roles of hydrophilicity and salt phobicity, and further can retain various inorganic ions, colloidal substances and macromolecular solutes in water, so as to purify seawater, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is added when a polysulfone support body is prepared, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) contains hydroxyl (ROH) groups, so that the separation membrane has relatively hydrophilic and smooth surfaces, and after the m-benzenetricarboyl chloride and the former hydrophilic groups form hydrogen bonds in the subsequent interfacial polymerization, further diffusion goes into the hole of base film, finally forms thicker separating layer to make reverse osmosis membrane better to the desalination effect of sea water, carry out modification treatment to reverse osmosis membrane through the mixed solution of antisludging agent and surfactant active, ageing resistance, thereby improved reverse osmosis membrane's chlorine resistance, ageing resistance and dirt resistance, avoided adding the sodium hypochlorite in the sea water and destroyed reverse osmosis membrane's membrane structure.
A preparation method of a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a support:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, cleaning polysulfone resin, drying for 8-10h in a vacuum drying box at the temperature of 100-;
(2) filtering the solution a, then placing the solution a into an ultrasonic defoaming tank for defoaming treatment, uniformly coating the solution a on a non-woven fabric on a spraying machine, wherein the wet film thickness is 150 mu m, and then immersing the non-woven fabric in pure water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for gel curing to form a film to obtain a support body;
s2, preparing an amine-containing aqueous phase solution: dissolving m-phenylenediamine in 20 times of water, adding a surfactant into the water solution after the m-phenylenediamine is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 9-10, thus obtaining an amine-containing water phase solution; wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfonate;
s3, preparing an acyl chloride oil phase solution: dissolving trimesoyl chloride in naphtha, and stirring and dissolving to obtain acyl chloride oil phase solution.
S4, preparing a reverse osmosis membrane: firstly, a support body is immersed into an amine-containing aqueous phase solution, after the excessive solution on the surface is removed by a rubber roller, the water on the membrane surface is further volatilized under the conditions that the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 50-80%, then an acyl chloride oil phase solution is coated on the support body, after a part of the acyl chloride oil phase solution on the surface is removed, the support body enters an oven at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ for drying, and the seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane is obtained.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the scale inhibitor includes the following steps:
a1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 40-60% of polyaspartic acid, 10-30% of acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer, 1-5% of citric acid and the balance of deionized water;
a2, adding polyaspartic acid into a maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, stirring, sequentially adding deionized water, an acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer and citric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain the scale inhibitor.
Through improving the process, and the technological parameter is very reasonable and concrete, can alleviate operator's work load greatly, and production is convenient, can effectively solve CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4, SrSO4, the membrane pollution problem that brings of the deposit of iron oxide and silica scale on the reverse osmosis membrane, prevent the scale deposit of membrane face, prevent that reverse osmosis membrane is dirty stifled, can not cause the pollution to the environment simultaneously, and then reduce the energy consumption in the reverse osmosis membrane application, extension reverse osmosis membrane's life.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-45 parts of polysulfone resin, 20-53 parts of dimethylformamide, 2-4 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5-7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-3 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-20 parts of natural nanocrystals, 3-5 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 10-20 parts of naphtha, 2-3 parts of anti-aging agent, 1-2 parts of scale inhibitor, 0.1-1 part of surfactant and 0.1-0.5 part of trimesoyl chloride.
2. The method for preparing a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a support:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, cleaning polysulfone resin, drying for 8-10h in a vacuum drying box at the temperature of 100-;
(2) filtering the solution a, then placing the solution a into an ultrasonic defoaming tank for defoaming treatment, uniformly coating the solution a on a non-woven fabric on a spraying machine, wherein the wet film thickness is 150 mu m, and then immersing the non-woven fabric in pure water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for gel curing to form a film to obtain a support body;
s2, preparing an amine-containing aqueous phase solution: dissolving m-phenylenediamine in 20 times of water, adding a surfactant into the water solution after the m-phenylenediamine is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 9-10, thus obtaining an amine-containing water phase solution; wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfonate;
s3, preparing an acyl chloride oil phase solution: dissolving trimesoyl chloride in naphtha, and stirring and dissolving to obtain acyl chloride oil phase solution.
S4, preparing a reverse osmosis membrane: firstly, the support body is immersed in an amine-containing aqueous phase solution, after the excessive solution on the surface is removed by a rubber roller, the water on the membrane surface is further volatilized under the conditions that the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 50-80%, then an acyl chloride oil phase solution is coated on the support body, after a part of the acyl chloride oil phase solution on the surface is removed, the support body enters an oven at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ for drying, and the seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane is obtained.
3. The method for preparing a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preparation method of the scale inhibitor comprises the following steps:
a1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 40-60% of polyaspartic acid, 10-30% of acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer, 1-5% of citric acid and the balance of deionized water;
a2, adding polyaspartic acid into a maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, stirring, sequentially adding deionized water, an acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer and citric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain the scale inhibitor.
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