CN113842707B - High-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113842707B
CN113842707B CN202111095140.8A CN202111095140A CN113842707B CN 113842707 B CN113842707 B CN 113842707B CN 202111095140 A CN202111095140 A CN 202111095140A CN 113842707 B CN113842707 B CN 113842707B
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filter cloth
melt
filter layer
layer
filter
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CN113842707A (en
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许生军
李洁
戴佳亮
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Hangzhou Xingyuan Environmental Protection Equipment Co ltd
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Hangzhou Xingyuan Environmental Protection Equipment Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/086—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of inorganic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of filter cloth, in particular to a high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration and a preparation method thereof.

Description

High-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filter cloth, in particular to a high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The blue algae is an ecological product generated after eutrophication of a water body of a freshwater lake, and due to continuous outbreak of the blue algae in the years, a frequent outbreak condition of a large amount of water blooms is formed, so that not only is a healthy and balanced aquatic ecosystem destroyed, but also the sensory properties of the water body are deteriorated and unpleasant odor is given out, and moreover, a plurality of algal toxins are released after the algal cells are decomposed and cracked, so that the safety of drinking water of people and animals is seriously threatened.
At present, during the blue algae outbreak period, the blue algae is generally salvaged through salvage equipment to form blue algae mud, the water content of the blue algae mud at the moment is generally 80-90%, and then the salvaged blue algae mud is subjected to filter pressing through a filter press to further dehydrate the blue algae mud, so that the subsequent treatment is facilitated. However, since the cyanobacteria and a large amount of organic substances are contained in the cyanobacteria, the organic substances and the cyanobacteria are easily adhered to the filter cloth of the filter press during filter pressing of the filter press, and along with continuous filter pressing of the filter press, the organic substances and the cyanobacteria adhered to the filter cloth are more and more, so that on one hand, the filter cloth is easily blocked, the filter pressing effect is reduced, and on the other hand, the cleaning frequency of the filter cloth is increased, the cost is increased, and the working efficiency is also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high-throughput anti-adhesion filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration and a preparation method thereof, so that when the blue algae mud dehydration is performed by a filter press, the blue algae mud can be rapidly filter-pressed, and meanwhile, organic matters and blue algae bacteria are reduced to attach to the filter cloth, thereby improving the filter-pressing effect and reducing the cleaning frequency of the filter cloth.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration comprises a three-layer structure, and comprises a first filter layer, a second filter layer and a support layer, wherein the first filter layer is a non-woven filter cloth prepared by melt spinning and extrusion net forming of polyester fibers and inorganic powder, the second filter layer is a polyether sulfone spinning filter cloth, and the support layer is a non-woven filter cloth obtained by chemical modification of polypropylene fibers.
Through the setting of first filter layer, make blue algae mud when the filter-pressing, can reduce the adhesion of organic matter and blue alga, promote the adhesion resistance of filter cloth, through the setting of second filter layer, improve the porosity of filter cloth, the flux of the filter cloth of improvement to promote the filtration efficiency of filter cloth, through the setting of supporting layer, toughness, wearability and support strength when increasing whole filter cloth filter-pressing prolong the life of filter cloth.
Further, the polyester fiber is a short fiber, the length is 2-5m, the diameter is 10-120um, and the polypropylene fiber is a short fiber, the diameter is 2-30um.
Further, the inorganic powder is formed by compounding a photocatalytic material and an antistatic agent, the photocatalyst is one or more of nano titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and nano silicon oxide, and the antistatic agent is one or more of quaternary ammonium salt, polyethylene glycol, sulfuric ester, ethoxylated alkylamine, glycerol monostearate and ethoxylated lauryl betaine.
The photocatalytic material is compounded with the antistatic agent and then added into the polyester fiber, so that the first filter layer can not only resist adhesion, but also form more pores, the flux of the first filter layer is improved, and the flux of the filter cloth is further improved by matching with the second filter layer.
Further, the preparation of the inorganic powder comprises the following steps:
s1, modifying nano titanium dioxide: placing nano titanium dioxide in deionized water, adding a titanate coupling agent, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-5H, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain hydrophobically modified nano titanium dioxide;
s2: preparation of an intermediate: placing the nano titanium dioxide treated in the step S1 in a polyethylene glycol 600 solution, stirring for 1-3H, adding a defoaming agent after stirring is finished, continuing stirring for 30-60min, transferring into a water bath shaking table, adding sodium citrate, and shaking for 10-24H at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ to obtain a gel intermediate;
s3, preparation of inorganic powder: and (3) heating the gel intermediate obtained in the step (S2) to 200-240 ℃ in a gradient manner in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a solid intermediate, grinding the solid intermediate into fine powder, mixing the fine powder with an ethoxy lauryl tyramine solution, adding a titanate coupling agent at 50-60 ℃, and continuously grinding to obtain inorganic powder.
The nano titanium dioxide is a filler and a photocatalytic material, and the surface of the nano titanium dioxide is modified by a titanate coupling agent to make the surface of the nano titanium dioxide hydrophobic. The polyethylene glycol 600 is a solution, has excellent lubricity, moisture retention, dispersibility, adhesiveness and stability, can be used as an antistatic agent, is prepared by mixing surface-modified nano titanium dioxide with the polyethylene glycol 600 to enable the nano titanium dioxide to be crosslinked with the polyethylene glycol 600, then adding an emulsifier, a defoaming agent and sodium citrate to form gel, uniformly dispersing the nano titanium dioxide in a spatial network structure of the polyethylene glycol gel, and increasing the aperture in the network structure due to the action of the polyethylene glycol.
The polyethylene glycol has good stability in the inert gas environment, water in the gel is evaporated by gradient temperature rise to form a plurality of pore channels in the gel solid, the gel solid is crushed and then is subjected to mechanical thermal crosslinking with the macromolecular antistatic agent ethoxy lauryl tyramine, so that the macromolecular antistatic agent is crosslinked on the surface and in the pore channels of the gel solid, and the inorganic powder with the anti-adhesion property inside and outside is obtained.
By compounding the antistatic agent and the nano titanium dioxide, when the inorganic powder is added into the polyester fiber, the inorganic powder can be dispersed more uniformly and has better stability, and when the physical property of the polyester fiber is enhanced, the porosity of the polyester fiber can be improved, so that the flux is improved.
Further, the particle size of the fine powder in the step S3 is 120-200 meshes, and the particle size of the inorganic powder is 600-1000 meshes.
By controlling the particle size of the intermediate fine powder, the polymer antistatic agent can be better attached to the intermediate.
Further, in the step S3, in the gradient temperature rise process, the temperature is raised by 5-10 ℃/min.
By controlling the heating rate, the stability of the gel structure can be enhanced, and the pore channels of the gel are more uniform.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration, which comprises the following steps:
a1, preparation of a first filter layer: heating polyester resin to a molten state, adding inorganic powder, stirring uniformly, filtering, transferring into a first melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device through the first melt-blowing nozzle to form monofilament short fibers, continuously folding the monofilament short fibers to form a fiber web, and irradiating the fiber web under ultraviolet light to obtain a first filter layer;
preparation of A2 support layer: heating polypropylene resin to a molten state, adding an anti-aging agent, continuously stirring for 5-10min at 190-200 ℃, transferring the mixture into a second melt-blown spray head through a metering pump, spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device through the second melt-blown spray head, forming polypropylene short fibers by controlling the spraying rate and time of the spray head through the second melt-blown spray head, and paving the polypropylene short fibers on the web forming device to form a supporting layer;
a3, preparation of a second filter layer: heating polyether sulfone resin to a molten state, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyether sulfone filter layer;
a4: and arranging the second filter layer on the support layer, arranging the first filter layer on the second filter layer, reinforcing by adopting a needling reinforcing method under the action of waste heat of the support layer and the first filter layer, and performing after-treatment to obtain the filter cloth.
Polyester resin and inorganic powder are melted, and then the melt-spray nozzle is matched with a net forming device to form a non-woven polyester fiber net, and then ultraviolet irradiation is performed, and titanium dioxide performs a photocatalytic reaction under the action of ultraviolet light by controlling the time of the ultraviolet irradiation, so that the polyester resin with warm diameter in a polyethylene glycol pore channel is decomposed, the porosity of polyester fiber is improved, and the filtering effect of a first filtering layer is improved. The supporting layer is modified by polypropylene resin through adding an anti-aging agent, so that the obtained supporting layer has good wear resistance, elasticity, toughness and light resistance, the first filtering layer, the second filtering layer and the supporting layer are sequentially bonded through heat to form a filtering cloth, and then a needling reinforcing method is adopted, so that the bonding strength of the first filtering layer, the second filtering layer and the supporting layer is enhanced on one hand, and on the other hand, the pores of the non-woven filtering cloth are further increased, are irregular and strong in acid and alkali resistance, high in chemical stability and thermal stability, strong in wear resistance and fatigue resistance, and long in service life, and are compounded with the polyether sulfone filtering layer, and the flux, wear resistance, toughness and anti-sticking property of the filtering cloth are integrally improved.
Further, in the step A1, the folding mode of the monofilament staple fibers is that reciprocating folding and oblique 45-degree folding are carried out alternately, and the jet speed of the first melt-blowing nozzle is 180-260m/sec.
Through the alternate folding, make the porosity of first filter layer obtain controlling, the cooperation polyester fiber's hole promotes the flux of first filter layer.
Further, in the step A1, the wavelength of ultraviolet rays is 180-380nm.
Further, in the step A2, the spraying speed of the second melt-blown spray head is 60-120m/sec, and the interval time is 0.1-0.5s.
According to the high-flux and anti-adhesion filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration and the preparation method thereof, when a first filter layer is prepared, polyester fibers are compounded with titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol and ethoxylated lauryl amine, when a fiber net is formed through a melt-blowing nozzle, ultraviolet irradiation is adopted, pores are formed on fiber yarns of a non-woven filter cloth formed by the polyester fibers, but the physical properties of the fiber yarns are not influenced under the action of the titanium dioxide, the first filter layer with the porous structure and the anti-adhesion property is obtained, the first filter layer is matched with a polyether sulfone filter layer formed by spinning and a support layer formed by the polypropylene fibers, the three layers are reinforced through a needle punching reinforcing method, and the high-flux filter cloth is tested, wherein the flux of the filter cloth is 175-200L/m < 2 >. H when the blue algae mud is subjected to pressure filtration and is increased by 30-45% compared with a common polyester fiber filter cloth with the same specification. The titanium dioxide, the polyethylene glycol and the ethoxy lauryl tyramine are added during preparation of the first filter layer, so that the first filter layer has good anti-sticking property and self-cleaning property, the whole filter cloth has the characteristics of high flux, anti-sticking property and self-cleaning property, the filter pressing efficiency of the blue algae mud is accelerated, and the cleaning frequency of the filter cloth is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples:
example 1 preparation of inorganic powder
S1, modifying nano titanium dioxide: placing 10 parts by mass of nano titanium dioxide into deionized water, adding 1.2 parts by mass of titanate coupling agent, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1H, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying the washed nano titanium dioxide for 6H at 80 ℃ to obtain hydrophobically modified nano titanium dioxide;
s2: preparation of an intermediate: placing 10 parts by mass of the nano titanium dioxide treated in the step S1 in 32 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol 600 solution, stirring for 1H, adding 1.5 parts by mass of simethicone after stirring, continuing stirring for 30min, transferring into a water bath shaking table, adding sodium citrate, and oscillating for 24H at 30 ℃ to obtain a gel intermediate;
s3, preparation of inorganic powder: heating 10 parts by mass of the gel intermediate obtained in the step S2 to 200 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a solid intermediate, grinding the solid intermediate into fine powder at a speed of 80r/min, wherein the particle size of the fine powder is measured to be 120 meshes, mixing the fine powder with 6 parts by mass of an ethoxy lauryl tyramine solution, adding 1 part by mass of a titanate coupling agent at the temperature of 50 ℃, continuously grinding at a speed of 300r/min to obtain inorganic powder, and the particle size of the inorganic powder is measured to be 600 meshes.
Example 2 preparation of inorganic powder
S1, modification of nano titanium dioxide: placing 20 parts by mass of nano titanium dioxide into deionized water, adding 2 parts by mass of titanate coupling agent, performing ultrasonic treatment for 3H, performing suction filtration and washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying the washed nano titanium dioxide for 8H at 80 ℃ to obtain hydrophobically modified nano titanium dioxide;
s2: preparation of an intermediate: placing 20 parts by mass of the nano titanium dioxide treated in the step S1 in 45 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol 600 solution, stirring for 2H, adding 3 parts by mass of simethicone after stirring, continuing stirring for 45min, transferring into a water bath shaking table, adding sodium citrate, and oscillating for 16H at 40 ℃ to obtain a gel intermediate;
s3, preparation of inorganic powder: heating 20 parts by mass of the gel intermediate in the step S2 to 220 ℃ at a speed of 8 ℃/min in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a solid intermediate, grinding the solid intermediate into fine powder at a speed of 100r/min, wherein the particle size of the fine powder is measured to be 160 meshes, mixing the fine powder with 10 parts by mass of an ethoxy lauryl tyramine solution, adding 2.3 parts by mass of a titanate coupling agent at a temperature of 55 ℃, continuously grinding at a speed of 450r/min to obtain inorganic powder, and the particle size of the inorganic powder is measured to be 800 meshes.
Example 3 preparation of inorganic powder III
S1, modifying nano titanium dioxide: placing 30 parts by mass of nano titanium dioxide into deionized water, adding 3 parts by mass of titanate coupling agent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5H, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water for 5 times, and drying the washed nano titanium dioxide for 10H at 80 ℃ to obtain hydrophobically modified nano titanium dioxide;
s2: preparation of an intermediate: placing 30 parts by mass of the nano titanium dioxide treated in the step S1 in 60 parts by mass of a polyethylene glycol 600 solution, stirring for 3H, adding 5 parts by mass of dimethyl silicone oil after stirring is finished, continuing stirring for 60min, transferring into a water bath shaking table, adding sodium citrate, and oscillating for 10H at 50 ℃ to obtain a gel intermediate;
s3, preparation of inorganic powder: heating 30 parts by mass of the gel intermediate in the step S2 to 240 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere at a speed gradient of 10 ℃/min to obtain a solid intermediate, grinding the solid intermediate into fine powder at a speed of 120r/min, wherein the particle size of the fine powder is 200 meshes, mixing the fine powder with 14 parts by mass of an ethoxy lauryl tyramine solution, adding 3 parts by mass of a titanate coupling agent at the temperature of 60 ℃, continuously grinding at a speed of 700r/min to obtain inorganic powder, and the particle size of the inorganic powder is 1000 meshes.
Example 4 preparation of a Filter cloth
A1, preparation of a first filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyester resin to a molten state, adding 10 parts by mass of inorganic powder, uniformly stirring, filtering, transferring into a first melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, spraying melt fluid on a web forming device by the first melt-blowing nozzle at the speed of 180m/sec to form monofilament short fibers with the length of 2m and the diameter of 10um, performing reciprocating folding and oblique 45-degree folding in a staggered manner to form a polyester fiber web, and irradiating the fiber web under ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 180-380nm for 10min to obtain a first filter layer;
preparation of A2 support layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polypropylene resin to a molten state, adding 3 parts by mass of N-phenyl-alpha-aniline, continuously stirring for 5min at 190 ℃, transferring the mixture into a second melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, and spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device by the second melt-blowing nozzle at the speed of 60m/sec and the frequency of 0.1s at intervals to form polypropylene short fibers with the diameter of 2um, and paving the polypropylene short fibers on the web forming device to form a supporting layer;
a3, preparation of a second filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyether sulfone resin to a molten state, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyether sulfone filter layer;
a4: and arranging the second filter layer on the support layer, arranging the first filter layer on the second filter layer, reinforcing by adopting a needling reinforcing method under the action of waste heat of the support layer and the first filter layer, and performing after-treatment to obtain the filter cloth.
Example 5 preparation of filter cloth
A1, preparation of a first filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyester resin to a molten state, adding 20 parts by mass of inorganic powder, uniformly stirring, filtering, transferring into a first melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, spraying a melt fluid on a net forming device by the first melt-blowing nozzle at the speed of 230m/sec to form monofilament short fibers with the length of 4m and the diameter of 60um, performing reciprocating folding and oblique 45-degree folding in a staggered manner to form a polyester fiber net, and placing the fiber net under an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 180-380nm for ultraviolet irradiation for 15min to obtain a first filter layer;
preparation of A2 support layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polypropylene resin to a molten state, adding 4 parts by mass of N-phenyl-alpha-aniline, continuously stirring for 8min at 195 ℃, transferring the mixture into a second melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, and spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device by the second melt-blowing nozzle at a speed of 80m/sec and at a frequency interval of 0.3s to form polypropylene short fibers with the diameter of 12um, and paving the polypropylene short fibers on the web forming device to form a supporting layer;
a3, preparation of a second filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyether sulfone resin to a molten state, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyether sulfone filter layer;
a4: and arranging the second filter layer on the support layer, arranging the first filter layer on the second filter layer, reinforcing by adopting a needling reinforcing method under the action of waste heat of the support layer and the first filter layer, and performing after-treatment to obtain the filter cloth.
Example 6 preparation of Filter cloth
A1, preparation of a first filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyester resin to a molten state, adding 30 parts by mass of inorganic powder, uniformly stirring, filtering, transferring into a first melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, spraying a melt fluid on a net forming device by the first melt-blowing nozzle at the speed of 260m/sec to form monofilament short fibers with the length of 5m and the diameter of 120um, performing reciprocating folding and oblique 45-degree folding in a staggered manner to form a polyester fiber net, and placing the fiber net under an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 180-380nm for ultraviolet irradiation for 20min to obtain a first filter layer;
preparation of A2 support layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polypropylene resin to a molten state, adding 5 parts by mass of N-phenyl-alpha-aniline, continuously stirring for 10min at 200 ℃, transferring the mixture into a second melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, and spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device by the second melt-blowing nozzle at the speed of 120m/sec and the frequency of 0.5s at intervals to form polypropylene short fibers with the diameter of 30um, and paving the polypropylene short fibers on the web forming device to form a supporting layer;
a3, preparation of a second filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyether sulfone resin to a molten state, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyether sulfone filter layer;
a4: and (3) arranging the second filter layer on the support layer, arranging the first filter layer on the second filter layer, reinforcing by adopting a needling reinforcing method under the action of the residual heat of the support layer and the first filter layer, and then performing after-treatment to obtain the filter cloth.
Example 7 (comparative example one), preparation of filter cloth four
A1, preparation of a first filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyester resin to a molten state, transferring the polyester resin to a first melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, spraying melt fluid on a net forming device by the first melt-blowing nozzle at the speed of 230m/sec to form monofilament staple fibers with the length of 4m and the diameter of 60 mu m, and performing back-and-forth folding and oblique 45-degree folding on the monofilament staple fibers in a staggered manner to form a polyester fiber net to obtain a first filter layer;
preparation of A2 support layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polypropylene resin to a molten state, adding 4 parts by mass of N-phenyl-alpha-aniline, continuously stirring for 8min at 195 ℃, transferring the mixture into a second melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, and spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device by the second melt-blowing nozzle at a speed of 80m/sec and at a frequency interval of 0.3s to form polypropylene short fibers with the diameter of 12um, and paving the polypropylene short fibers on the web forming device to form a supporting layer;
a3, preparation of a second filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyether sulfone resin to a molten state, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyether sulfone filter layer;
a4: and arranging the second filter layer on the support layer, arranging the first filter layer on the second filter layer, reinforcing by adopting a needling reinforcing method under the action of waste heat of the support layer and the first filter layer, and performing after-treatment to obtain the filter cloth.
Example 8 (comparative example two), preparation of Filter cloth five
Preparation of the first filter layer: heating 100 parts by mass of polyester resin to a molten state, transferring the polyester resin to a first melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, spraying a melt fluid on a net forming device by the first melt-blowing nozzle at a speed of 230m/sec to form monofilament short fibers with the length of 4m and the diameter of 60um, performing back-and-forth folding and oblique 45-degree folding interlacing on the monofilament short fibers to form a polyester fiber net, and performing after-treatment to obtain the filter cloth.
The filters prepared in examples 4-8 were tested for flux, block resistance, abrasion resistance and tear strength and the results are shown in the following table:
item Blue algae mud test filter cloth flux (10 MPa) (L/m) 2 .h) The anti-sticking property was expressed as the residual rate of blue algae mud on the filter cloth after 3 times of press filtration (%) The wear resistance is expressed by the number of times of wear resistance (ten) Tear Strength (MPa)
Example 4 174.9 5.3 7.18 15.39
Example 5 200.3 4.2 7.24 15.41
Example 6 194.2 4.8 7.32 15.44
Example 7 162.7 12.6 6.11 13.84
Example 8 110.8 19.4 4.17 7.62
As can be seen from the data in the table, the filter cloth prepared in the examples 4-6 has the best flux and anti-adhesion performance, and the wear resistance and tear strength are excellent in terms of comprehensive performance, and the filter cloth prepared in the scheme has high flux and anti-adhesion performance when the cyanobacteria mud is dehydrated, so that the filter pressing efficiency of the cyanobacteria mud can be improved, the cleaning frequency of the filter cloth can be reduced, and the service life of the filter cloth can be prolonged.
The data in the embodiment 5 and the embodiment 7 show that when the inorganic powder prepared by the scheme is added and prepared, ultraviolet light irradiation is adopted, the flux and the anti-sticking performance of the filter cloth can be synergistically improved by matching with the filter cloth, and meanwhile, the wear resistance and the tear resistance of the filter cloth can be improved by adding the inorganic powder, so that the filter cloth with more excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.
As can be seen from the data in examples 5 and 8, the filter cloth prepared by the method has higher flux and anti-adhesion performance compared with the common polyester fiber filter cloth.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims appended hereto. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.

Claims (8)

1. The high-flux and anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration is characterized by comprising a three-layer structure, wherein the filter cloth comprises a first filter layer, a second filter layer and a support layer, the first filter layer is a non-woven filter cloth prepared by polyester fibers and inorganic powder through melt spinning and extrusion net forming, the second filter layer is a polyether sulfone spinning filter cloth, and the support layer is a non-woven filter cloth obtained by chemical modification of polypropylene fibers;
the inorganic powder is formed by compounding a photocatalytic material and an antistatic agent, the photocatalytic material is one or more of nano titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and nano silicon oxide, and the antistatic agent is one or more of quaternary ammonium salt, polyethylene glycol, sulfate, ethoxylated alkylamine, glycerol monostearate and ethoxylated laurylamine;
the preparation of the inorganic powder comprises the following steps:
s1, modifying nano titanium dioxide: placing nano titanium dioxide in deionized water, adding a titanate coupling agent, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-5h, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain hydrophobically modified nano titanium dioxide;
s2, preparing an intermediate: placing the nano titanium dioxide treated in the step S1 in a polyethylene glycol 600 solution, stirring for 1-3h, adding a defoaming agent after stirring is finished, continuing stirring for 30-60min, transferring into a water bath shaker, adding sodium citrate, and oscillating for 10-24h at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ to obtain a gel intermediate;
s3, preparing inorganic powder: and (3) heating the gel intermediate obtained in the step (S2) to 200-240 ℃ in a gradient manner in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a solid intermediate, grinding the solid intermediate into fine powder, mixing the fine powder with an ethoxy lauryl tyramine solution, adding a titanate coupling agent at the temperature of 50-60 ℃, and continuously grinding to obtain inorganic powder.
2. The high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration according to claim 1, wherein the polyester fiber is a short fiber with a length of 2-5m and a diameter of 10-120um, and the polypropylene fiber is a short fiber with a diameter of 2-30um.
3. The high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for dehydrating the blue algae mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the fine powder in the step S3 is 120-200 meshes, and the particle size of the inorganic powder is 600-1000 meshes.
4. The high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S3, the temperature is increased by 5-10 ℃/min in the process of gradient temperature increase.
5. The preparation method of the high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dehydration according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a1, preparing a first filter layer: heating polyester resin to a molten state, adding inorganic powder, stirring uniformly, filtering, transferring into a first melt-blowing nozzle through a metering pump, spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device through the first melt-blowing nozzle to form monofilament short fibers, continuously folding the monofilament short fibers to form a fiber web, and irradiating the fiber web under ultraviolet light to obtain a first filter layer;
a2, preparation of a supporting layer: heating polypropylene resin to a molten state, adding an anti-aging agent, continuously stirring for 5-10min at 190-200 ℃, transferring the mixture into a second melt-blown spray head through a metering pump, spraying a melt fluid on a web forming device through the second melt-blown spray head, forming polypropylene short fibers by controlling the spraying rate and time of the spray head through the second melt-blown spray head, and paving the polypropylene short fibers on the web forming device to form a supporting layer;
a3, preparing a second filter layer: heating polyether sulfone resin to a molten state, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyether sulfone filter layer;
and A4, arranging the second filter layer on the support layer, arranging the first filter layer on the second filter layer, reinforcing by adopting a needling reinforcing method under the action of waste heat of the support layer and the first filter layer, and performing after-treatment to obtain the filter cloth.
6. The method for preparing the high-flux anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dewatering according to claim 5, wherein in the step A1, the folding manner of the monofilament staple fibers is that reciprocating folding and oblique 45-degree folding are carried out alternately, and the jet rate of the first melt-blowing nozzle is 180-260m/sec.
7. The method for preparing a high-flux anti-adhesion filter cloth for dehydrating cyanobacteria mud as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step A1, the wavelength of ultraviolet light is 180-380nm.
8. The method for preparing the high-throughput anti-sticking filter cloth for blue algae mud dewatering according to claim 7, wherein in the step A2, the spraying speed of the second melt-blowing nozzle is 60-120m/sec, and the interval time is 0.1-0.5s.
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