CN113840319A - Packet loss rate acquisition method, gateway coverage acquisition method, medium, and device - Google Patents
Packet loss rate acquisition method, gateway coverage acquisition method, medium, and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a packet loss rate acquisition method, a gateway coverage area acquisition method, a medium and equipment. The method for acquiring the packet loss rate comprises the following steps: obtaining a plurality of data packets of the device; acquiring the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number according to the data packets and the uplink packet count thereof; and acquiring the packet loss rate of the equipment according to the actual packet quantity and the theoretical packet quantity. The packet loss rate of the equipment in the LoRa network can be obtained through the packet loss rate obtaining method.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention belongs to the field of network planning, and relates to a packet loss rate acquisition method, and in particular, to a packet loss rate acquisition method, a gateway coverage area acquisition method, a medium, and a device.
Background
The Long Range Radio (Long Range Radio) wide-area narrow-band internet of things technology has the characteristics of low power consumption, low cost and wide coverage, and can realize the convergence of various sensor data in a city Range. The wireless signal propagation conditions in the urban environment are complex, and due to the shielding of urban buildings and other reasons, the problem that the communication range is exceeded or the signal is shielded often occurs when the LoRa gateway and the sensor device perform wireless communication, so that the data packet in the LoRa network is lost and the packet loss rate is increased; or, due to frequent competition of multiple sensor devices for channels, data packet loss may also be caused, and thus the packet loss rate may increase. The packet loss rate directly affects the performance of the LoRa network, so that a device with a high packet loss rate needs to be quickly found in the operation and maintenance process of the LoRa network, and then packet loss reason analysis is performed to optimize the network. However, in the prior art, only the packet loss rate calculation method in other networks is applied to the LoRa network, and a packet loss rate calculation method is not specially designed for the characteristics of the data packet of the LoRa network.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a packet loss rate obtaining method, a gateway coverage obtaining method, a medium, and a device, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that a packet loss rate calculating method is not specially designed for the characteristics of a data packet of an LoRa network.
To achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a packet loss rate obtaining method, configured to obtain a packet loss rate of a device in an LoRa network; the method for acquiring the packet loss rate comprises the following steps: obtaining a plurality of data packets of the device; acquiring the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number according to the data packets and the uplink packet count thereof; and acquiring the packet loss rate of the equipment according to the actual packet quantity and the theoretical packet quantity.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the method for obtaining the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number according to the data packet and the uplink packet count thereof includes: sorting the data packets according to the receiving time; acquiring the number of the data packets as the actual number of the packets; and acquiring the theoretical packet quantity according to the uplink packet count of the data packet.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the method for obtaining a packet loss rate further includes: and acquiring the repeated packet in the data packet according to the uplink packet count of the data packet.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the method for obtaining a packet loss rate further includes: and acquiring the activity of the equipment according to the uplink packet count of the data packet.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a gateway coverage area obtaining method; the gateway coverage area obtaining method comprises the following steps: acquiring the position information of a gateway and the position information of equipment connected with the gateway; according to the packet loss rate obtaining method of the first aspect, obtaining a packet loss rate of the device; and acquiring the coverage range of the gateway according to the position information of the gateway, the position information of the equipment and the packet loss rate.
In an embodiment of the second aspect, an implementation method for acquiring a coverage area of the gateway according to the location information of the gateway, the location information of the device, and the packet loss ratio includes: the number of the devices is multiple; acquiring reliable equipment from the equipment according to a packet loss rate threshold; and acquiring the coverage range of the gateway according to the position information of the reliable equipment and the position information of the gateway.
In an embodiment of the second aspect, the method for acquiring a gateway coverage area further includes: and displaying the position information of the gateway, the position information of the equipment and/or the packet loss rate on a map.
In an embodiment of the second aspect, the method for acquiring a gateway coverage area further includes: and optimizing the LoRa network according to the position information and the coverage range of the gateway, the position information and the packet loss rate of the equipment.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon; when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the packet loss rate obtaining method according to the first aspect, or implements the gateway coverage obtaining method according to the second aspect.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic apparatus, comprising: a memory storing a computer program; a processor, communicatively connected to the memory, for executing the packet loss rate obtaining method according to the first aspect or executing the gateway coverage obtaining method according to the second aspect when the computer program is invoked; and the display is in communication connection with the processor and the memory and is used for displaying a GUI (graphical user interface) interaction interface related to the packet loss rate acquisition method or the gateway coverage area acquisition method.
As described above, the technical solutions of the packet loss rate obtaining method, the gateway coverage obtaining method, the medium, and the device of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
the packet loss rate obtaining method can obtain the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number according to the data packets and the uplink packet count thereof, and further obtain the packet loss rate of the equipment. The uplink packet count may be directly obtained from an uplink packet count (FcntUp) field of the data packet, so that the packet loss rate obtaining method can obtain the packet loss rate of the device in the LoRa network, thereby providing a unique and effective packet loss rate calculation method for the LoRa network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a network architecture diagram of a conventional LoRa network.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a packet loss rate obtaining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of S22 according to an embodiment of the method for acquiring a packet loss rate of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a packet loss rate obtaining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a gateway coverage area acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of step S63 of the gateway coverage area obtaining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a coverage map obtained by the gateway coverage area obtaining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
800 electronic device
810 memory
820 processor
830 display
S21-S23
S221 to S223 steps
S41-S51
S61-S63
S631 to S632 steps
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
As shown in fig. 1, the LoRa network mainly includes devices, gateways, and servers, where the devices are mainly sensor devices, and the LoRa network is often used as the internet of things in practical applications. For the LoRa network, the packet loss rate of the device is an important index that needs to be considered when the LoRa network performs operation and maintenance or optimization, however, the frame structure of the data packet in the LoRa network is different from that of other networks, and a packet loss rate calculation method is not specially designed based on the frame structure characteristics of the data packet in the LoRa network in the prior art. Aiming at the problem, the invention provides a packet loss rate obtaining method, a gateway coverage obtaining method, a medium and equipment, wherein the packet loss rate obtaining method can obtain the packet loss rate of the equipment according to the data packet and the uplink packet count of the equipment; the uplink packet count may be directly obtained from the FcntUp field of the data packet, so that the frame structure of the data packet in the LoRa network is fully considered in the packet loss rate obtaining method.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining a packet loss rate includes:
s21, obtaining a plurality of data packets of the equipment. Preferably, the plurality of data packets are all data packets acquired within a certain time period, and the data packets are uplink data packets sent by a device, such as a sensor.
According to the LoRa network specification, the frame structure of the LoRa network data packet contains the FcntUp field, and the uplink packet count of the data packet can be obtained according to the FcntUp field in specific application; this field is generated by the uplink included in the device and the value of this field is increased by 1 each time the device sends a new packet. Therefore, the upstream packet count of a normally received packet should be incremented over time.
And S22, acquiring the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number according to the data packets and the uplink packet count thereof. The actual packet number refers to the number of actually acquired data packets, and the numerical value of the actual packet number can be obtained by counting the received data packets; the theoretical packet number refers to data packets which should be acquired under the condition of no packet loss; the number of the uplink packet count is increased by 1 every time the device sends a new data packet, so that the theoretical packet number can be obtained according to the uplink packet count of the received data packet.
And S23, obtaining the packet loss rate of the equipment according to the actual packet quantity and the theoretical packet quantity. For example, the actual number of packets may be divided by the theoretical number of packets, and the obtained quotient is the packet loss rate of the device.
As can be seen from the above description, the packet loss rate obtaining method according to this embodiment can obtain the packet loss rate of the device according to the data packet of the device and the uplink packet count thereof.
In addition, different from the packet loss rate calculation method in other networks, the packet loss rate acquisition method described in this embodiment makes full use of the frame structure of the data packet in the LoRa network, that is: the frame of the data packet comprises a field FcntUp, and the uplink packet count of the data packet can be directly acquired according to the field; based on this, the packet loss rate obtaining method can obtain the theoretical packet number by simply processing the uplink packet count, and then calculate the packet loss rate, and the whole process is simple and efficient, and is convenient to apply in practice.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, an implementation method for obtaining an actual packet number and a theoretical packet number according to the data packet and the uplink packet count thereof includes:
s221, sequencing the plurality of data packets according to receiving time; the data packets may be sorted in ascending order of receiving time or sorted in descending order of receiving time.
S222, acquiring the number of the plurality of data packets as an actual packet number.
And S223, acquiring the number of the theoretical packets according to the uplink packet count of the data packets. Specifically, the uplink packet count of the data packet with the earliest time and the uplink packet count of the data packet with the latest time are respectively obtained, and the theoretical packet number can be obtained according to the difference value of the two uplink packet counts.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining a packet loss rate further includes: and acquiring the out-of-order packet in the data packet according to the sending time and the receiving time of the data packet. Wherein, the sending time can be obtained according to the timestamp carried by the data packet. For any data packet 1, if the transmission time of the data packet 1 is earlier than that of another data packet 2, and the reception time of the data packet 1 is later than that of the data packet 2, the data packet 1 is an out-of-order packet.
In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the out-of-order packet includes: sequencing the data packets from morning to evening according to the receiving time; and traversing all the data packets in sequence, wherein if the sending time of a certain data packet is earlier than that of the previous data packet, the data packet is an out-of-order packet. Or, the data packets are sequenced from late to early according to the receiving time; and traversing all the data packets in sequence, wherein if the sending time of a certain data packet is later than that of the previous data packet, the data packet is an out-of-order packet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining a packet loss rate further includes: and acquiring the repeated packet in the data packet according to the uplink packet count of the data packet. Specifically, the plurality of data packets are ordered according to time; and traversing all the data packets in sequence, wherein if the uplink packet count of a certain data packet is the same as the uplink packet count of at least one adjacent data packet, the data packet is a repeated packet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining a packet loss rate further includes: and acquiring the activity of the equipment according to the uplink packet count of the data packet. Specifically, the plurality of data packets are sorted according to the sending time, and the activity of the device is obtained according to the sending time interval between two adjacent data packets. For example, the activity level of the device may be obtained according to a maximum value in the transmission time interval, the greater the maximum value, the lower the activity level of the device, and the device may be considered to be an inactive device when the maximum value is greater than or equal to 3 days. Alternatively, the activity of the device may be obtained according to an average value of the transmission time intervals, in which case, the greater the average value, the lower the activity of the device.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining a packet loss rate includes:
s41, obtaining a start time and an end time, and determining a statistical time period according to the start time and the end time;
s42, acquiring all data packets received in the statistical time period;
s43, sequencing all the data packets received in the statistical time period from morning to evening according to the receiving time;
s44, selecting a data packet with the earliest receiving time as a current data packet, and setting the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number as 1;
s45, taking the next data packet of the current data packet as the current data packet, and obtaining the uplink packet count F and the sending time of the current data packet; wherein, the uplink packet count F may be obtained from an FcntUp field in the current packet, and the sending time may be obtained from a time (timestamp) field in the current packet;
s46, if the difference between the sending time of the current data packet and the sending time of the previous data packet is larger than or equal to a time threshold value, marking the equipment as inactive equipment; the inactive device is a device that does not transmit data packets for a long time, and the time threshold is, for example, 3 days. Thereafter, step S47 is performed.
S47, if the uplink count value F of the current data packet is smaller than the uplink count value F1 of the previous data packet, marking the current data packet as a disorder packet, and jumping to the step S50; otherwise, executing step S48;
s48, if the up count value F of the current data packet is equal to the up count value F1 of the previous data packet, marking the current data packet as a repeat packet, ignoring the data packet and executing the step S50; otherwise, go to step S49;
s49, the actual number of packets is increased by 1, and the theoretical number of packets is increased (F-F1); wherein, F is an uplink count value of the current data packet, and F1 is an uplink count value of the previous data packet;
s50, if the current data packet is not the data packet with the latest receiving time in the statistical time period, jumping to the step S45; otherwise, go to step S51;
and S51, dividing the actual data packet number by the theoretical packet number to obtain the packet loss rate.
Based on the above description of the packet loss rate obtaining method, the present invention also provides a gateway coverage obtaining method. Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method for acquiring a gateway coverage area includes:
and S61, acquiring the position information of the gateway and the position information of the equipment connected with the gateway. The location information of the gateway comprises an ID of the gateway and longitude and latitude of the gateway, and the location information of the equipment comprises the ID and the longitude and latitude of the equipment; the number of said devices may be 1, 2 or more.
S62, according to the packet loss rate obtaining method of the present invention, obtaining a packet loss rate of the device. And when the number of the devices is greater than 1, acquiring the packet loss rate of each device in the step.
And S63, acquiring the coverage area of the gateway according to the position information of the gateway, the position information of the equipment and the packet loss rate. Under an ideal condition, as long as a device is located in the coverage range of the gateway, the gateway can ensure the communication quality of the device; wherein the communication quality may be described by a packet loss rate of the device. Therefore, in practical application, the coverage area of the gateway can be obtained according to the packet loss rate of the device, that is: if the packet loss rate of a certain device can meet the communication requirement, the gateway is considered to be capable of covering the device; further, the gateway may be considered to be able to cover all areas between the gateway and the device.
As can be seen from the above description, the gateway coverage area acquiring method according to this embodiment can acquire the coverage area of the gateway according to the location information of the device and the location information of the gateway, and the packet loss rate of the device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the devices is plural; referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, an implementation method for obtaining a coverage area of the gateway according to the location information of the gateway, the location information of the device, and the packet loss ratio includes:
s631, obtaining reliable equipment from the equipment according to a packet loss rate threshold; the packet loss threshold may be set according to an actual requirement, for example, 5%. The reliable devices refer to all devices with packet loss rates smaller than the threshold of the packet loss rate.
And S632, acquiring the coverage area of the gateway according to the position information of the reliable device and the position information of the gateway. Specifically, the distance between each reliable device and the gateway may be calculated according to the location information of the reliable device and the location information of the gateway, and the coverage radius of the gateway may be determined according to the distance; at this time, the coverage area of the gateway is a circle with the gateway as a center and the coverage radius of the gateway as a radius. One method for obtaining the coverage radius is as follows: and averaging the distance from each reliable device to the gateway, wherein the average value is the coverage radius. Or, another method for acquiring the coverage radius is as follows: the maximum value is taken from the distance from each reliable device to the gateway, and any value between the maximum value and 0 can be used as the coverage radius.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the devices is 1. The implementation method for acquiring the coverage area of the gateway according to the position information of the gateway, the position information of the equipment and the packet loss rate comprises the following steps: acquiring the distance from the equipment to the gateway, and acquiring the coverage radius of the gateway according to the distance; at this time, the coverage radius of the gateway may be any value smaller than the distance.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for acquiring a gateway coverage area further includes: and displaying the position information of the gateway, the position information of the equipment and/or the packet loss rate on a map so as to obtain a coverage map of a certain area. In practical application, the API of the map Web service may be used to distribute the location information of the gateway, the location information of the device, and/or the packet loss rate, and give the example value attributes such as location, width, and color. For example, for a gateway instance value, its location attribute is the location of the gateway, and its width attribute is the coverage of the gateway; for a device instance value, the location attribute is the location of the device, and the color attribute can be used to characterize the packet loss rate of the device. Please refer to fig. 7, which shows a coverage map related in this embodiment, and according to the coverage map, the device with high packet loss rate in the current network and the geographic area where the gateway needs to be supplemented can be conveniently analyzed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for acquiring a gateway coverage area further includes: and optimizing the LoRa network according to the position information and the coverage range of the gateway, the position information and the packet loss rate of the equipment. Specifically, when a device is located within the coverage of any gateway, the device may be considered to be relatively safe, and the packet loss rate is relatively low; and the packet loss rate of the device located outside the coverage range of all the gateways is often high. Therefore, the addition of gateways can be considered outside the coverage range of all gateways so as to enhance the coverage effect of the network. In addition, the location of the new gateway can be determined according to the location information and the coverage range of the existing gateway.
Based on the above description of the packet loss rate obtaining method and/or the gateway coverage obtaining method, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon; when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the packet loss rate acquisition method or the gateway coverage area acquisition method of the present invention.
Based on the above description of the packet loss rate obtaining method and/or the gateway coverage obtaining method, the invention further provides an electronic device. Referring to fig. 8, the electronic device 800 includes: a memory 810 storing a computer program; a processor 820, communicatively connected to the memory 810, for executing the packet loss rate obtaining method according to the present invention or executing the gateway coverage obtaining method according to the present invention when the computer program is called; a display 830, communicatively connected to the processor 820 and the memory 810, configured to display a GUI interaction interface related to the packet loss rate obtaining method or the gateway coverage obtaining method.
The protection scope of the packet loss rate obtaining method and/or the gateway coverage obtaining method of the present invention is not limited to the execution sequence of the steps listed in this embodiment, and all the schemes implemented by the steps addition, subtraction, and step replacement in the prior art according to the principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a packet loss rate acquisition method, a gateway coverage area acquisition method, a medium and equipment, aiming at the problem that a calculation method aiming at the packet loss rate of equipment in a LoRa network is lacked in the prior art. The packet loss rate obtaining method can obtain the packet loss rate of the device according to the data packet and the uplink packet count of the device in the LoRa network.
Different from the packet loss rate calculation methods in other networks, the packet loss rate acquisition method of the present invention fully utilizes the frame structure of the LoRa network, that is: the data frame of the data packet comprises a field FcntUp, and the uplink packet count of the data packet can be directly obtained according to the field; based on this, the packet loss rate obtaining method can obtain the theoretical packet number by simply processing the uplink packet count, and then calculate the packet loss rate, and the whole process is simple and efficient, and is convenient to apply in practice.
In addition, by the packet loss rate obtaining method, a user can know the packet loss rate of the equipment in time, the supervision of engineering is enhanced, the equipment with high packet loss rate is eliminated, and the reliability of subsequent data analysis on the equipment is improved.
Based on the packet loss rate obtaining method, the invention also provides a gateway coverage obtaining method. The gateway coverage area acquisition method can display the position information and the coverage area of the gateway, the position information and the packet loss rate of the equipment in a visual form, so that a user can clearly see the distribution, the packet loss degree and the effective transmission range of the equipment of the Internet of things, and a basis is provided for network maintenance and optimization.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
It should be noted that, although the packet loss rate calculation method of the present invention is designed for the packet characteristics in the LoRa network, any person skilled in the art can also modify the packet loss rate calculation method according to the packet characteristics of other networks within the spirit and scope of the present invention to apply to networks other than the LoRa network.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for obtaining the packet loss rate is used for obtaining the packet loss rate of a device in a LoRa network, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining a plurality of data packets of the device;
acquiring the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number according to the data packets and the uplink packet count thereof;
and acquiring the packet loss rate of the equipment according to the actual packet quantity and the theoretical packet quantity.
2. The method for obtaining packet loss rate according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the actual packet number and the theoretical packet number according to the data packet and the uplink packet count thereof comprises:
sorting the data packets according to the receiving time;
acquiring the number of the data packets as the actual number of the packets;
and acquiring the theoretical packet quantity according to the uplink packet count of the data packet.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: and acquiring the repeated packet in the data packet according to the uplink packet count of the data packet.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: and acquiring the activity of the equipment according to the uplink packet count of the data packet.
5. A gateway coverage area obtaining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the position information of a gateway and the position information of equipment connected with the gateway;
the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the packet loss rate of the device is obtained;
and acquiring the coverage range of the gateway according to the position information of the gateway, the position information of the equipment and the packet loss rate.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the implementation method for acquiring the coverage of the gateway according to the location information of the gateway, the location information of the device, and the packet loss ratio includes:
the number of the devices is multiple;
acquiring reliable equipment from the equipment according to a packet loss rate threshold;
and acquiring the coverage range of the gateway according to the position information of the reliable equipment and the position information of the gateway.
7. The gateway coverage acquisition method of claim 5, wherein the gateway coverage acquisition method further comprises:
and displaying the position information of the gateway, the position information of the equipment and/or the packet loss rate on a map.
8. The gateway coverage acquisition method of claim 5, wherein the gateway coverage acquisition method further comprises:
and optimizing the LoRa network according to the position information and the coverage range of the gateway, the position information and the packet loss rate of the equipment.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the packet loss rate acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or implements the gateway coverage acquisition method according to any one of claims 5 to 8.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
a memory storing a computer program;
a processor, communicatively connected to the memory, for executing the packet loss rate obtaining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or executing the gateway coverage obtaining method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 when the computer program is invoked;
and the display is in communication connection with the processor and the memory and is used for displaying a GUI (graphical user interface) interaction interface related to the packet loss rate acquisition method or the gateway coverage area acquisition method.
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