CN113839750B - Information transmission method in semantic communication system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1864—ARQ related signaling
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an information transmission method in a semantic communication system.A sending end firstly extracts semantic information to generate a semantic representation sequence, adds information of a semantic knowledge base in the generated semantic representation sequence, and then carries out semantic coding to generate a semantic coding sequence; carrying out channel coding on the semantic coding sequence to generate a wireless signal, and transmitting the wireless signal to a receiving end through a wireless channel; the receiving end carries out channel decoding and semantic decoding on the received wireless signals; the receiving end feeds back to the sending end according to the correctness of the channel decoding and the semantic decoding; and the sending end determines whether retransmission is needed and a retransmission mode according to the feedback result until the receiving end obtains a correct semantic decoding result. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application can improve the efficiency of data transmission and feedback retransmission and avoid the waste of computing resources and transmission resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 6G mobile communication, in particular to an information transmission method in a semantic communication system.
Background
Semantic communication (Semantic Communications) utilizes Semantic information of transmission contents to carry out coding, redundant data can be removed, the transmission data volume is reduced, and the intelligent communication requirement in the 6G era is met. Semantic communication is a communication method in which semantic information is extracted from a source, encoded, and transmitted through a noisy channel. In the traditional grammar communication, the decoding information of a receiving end is required to be strictly consistent with the coding information of a sending end, namely, the error-free transmission of a bit level is realized, while the semantic communication does not require the decoding sequence to be strictly consistent with the coding sequence, and only requires that the semantic information recovered by the receiving end is matched with the semantic information extracted by the sending end. Because semantic communication relaxes the error-free requirement on information transmission, the method is expected to break through the transmission bottleneck of the classical communication system, and provides a new solution for 6G mobile communication.
As shown in fig. 1, at a transmitting end, semantic information extraction and semantic encoding are performed to generate a semantic encoding sequence, then channel encoding is performed, the semantic encoding sequence is transmitted through a wireless channel to a receiving end, the receiving end performs channel decoding, and then semantic decoding and semantic information recovery are performed. Semantic information extraction, semantic coding, semantic decoding and semantic information recovery need to utilize a semantic knowledge base trained based on mass data so as to extract and reconstruct semantic information.
In a classical communication system, a shannon information theory-based bit-level error-free transmission method is adopted, and a receiving end can feed back whether a bit sequence transmits correct information to a transmitting end by adopting a HARQ ACK/NACK-based feedback method. In the semantic communication system, a method of extracting and encoding semantic information and then performing bit-level error-free transmission is adopted, a receiving end performs semantic decoding and semantic information recovery, judges whether the received semantic information is correct or not, and feeds back the semantic information to a sending end. Since the part of the classical communication system is included in the semantic communication system structure, the feedback process of the semantic communication system needs to consider the traditional HARQ ACK/NACK feedback and the semantic feedback at the same time.
However, under the basic framework of the semantic communication system, there is no specific method disclosed how to transmit information.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an information transmission method in a semantic communication system to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the application discloses an information transmission method in a semantic communication system, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, the sending end firstly extracts semantic information to generate a semantic representation sequence, adds information of a semantic knowledge base in the generated semantic representation sequence, and then carries out semantic coding to generate a semantic coding sequence;
s2, carrying out channel coding on the semantic code sequence to generate a wireless signal, and transmitting the wireless signal to a receiving end through a wireless channel;
s3, the receiving end carries out channel decoding and semantic decoding on the received wireless signals;
s4, the receiving end feeds back to the sending end according to the correctness of the channel decoding and the semantic decoding;
and S5, the sending end determines whether retransmission is needed and the retransmission mode according to the feedback result until the receiving end obtains the correct semantic decoding result.
Preferably, the semantic decoding in step S3 is performed as follows: and the receiving end matches semantic decoding results in the corresponding semantic knowledge base according to the information of the semantic knowledge base added in the semantic representation sequence by the sending end.
Preferably, the semantic decoding in step S3 is performed as follows: the receiving end matches semantic decoding results in corresponding or similar semantic knowledge bases according to the information of the semantic knowledge bases added in the semantic representation sequence by the sending end; the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s31, the receiving end preferentially selects the corresponding semantic knowledge base to match the semantic decoding result, and determines whether the semantic information is recovered correctly according to the matching result;
s32, if the semantic information is recovered incorrectly, the receiving end selects a similar semantic knowledge base to match the semantic decoding result; and if the semantic information is recovered correctly, finishing the matching.
Preferably, the step S3 adopts a form of firstly determining whether the channel decoding is correct, and performing semantic decoding only after the channel decoding is correct, and then the step S4 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
a1, if the channel decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back HARQ NACK;
a2, if the channel decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back HARQ ACK and executes semantic decoding;
a21, if the semantic decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding to be correct;
and A22, if the semantic decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding error.
Preferably, the step S3 is in a form of continuously performing semantic decoding regardless of whether the channel decoding is correct, and the step S4 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
b1, if the semantic decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding and HARQ ACK;
b2, if the semantic decoding is wrong, judging whether the channel decoding is correct;
b21, if the channel decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back semantic decoding errors and HARQ NACK;
and B22, if the channel decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back semantic decoding errors and HARQ ACK.
Preferably, the operation of step S5 is as follows:
s51, if the feedback received by the sending end contains correct semantic decoding and HARQ ACK, the transmission is successful;
s52, if the feedback received by the sending end only contains HARQ NACK, the step S2 needs to be returned for retransmission;
s53, if the feedback received by the sending end contains semantic decoding error and HARQ NACK, returning to the step S1 for retransmission;
and S54, if the feedback received by the sending end contains semantic decoding errors and HARQ ACK, returning to the step S1 for retransmission.
Preferably, the information of the semantic knowledge base comprises one or more of an identifier, a public and private attribute and an information source type of the semantic knowledge base; the source type includes one of text, image, voice, or multiple sources.
Preferably, the information source type is a text, and the semantic information extraction adopts a Transformer model; the semantic representation sequence is a vector; and the information of the semantic knowledge base is added in the front or the back of the semantic representation sequence.
Preferably, the source type is an image or voice, and the semantic representation sequence is a subgraph of the knowledge graph.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to an information transmission method in a semantic communication system, which judges whether retransmission and retransmission modes are needed or not by selecting a channel decoding and semantic decoding sequence method and feeding back results of the channel decoding and the semantic decoding, improves the efficiency of data transmission and feedback retransmission, and avoids the waste of computing resources and transmission resources.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a basic framework of a semantic communication system in the background art;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of a method of information transfer in a semantic communication system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a logic diagram of steps S3 through S5 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an information transmission method in a semantic communication system, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1, the sending end firstly extracts semantic information to generate a semantic representation sequence, adds information of a semantic knowledge base in the generated semantic representation sequence, and then carries out semantic coding to generate a semantic coding sequence;
s2, carrying out channel coding on the semantic code sequence to generate a wireless signal, and transmitting the wireless signal to a receiving end through a wireless channel;
s3, the receiving end carries out channel decoding and semantic decoding on the received wireless signals;
s4, the receiving end feeds back to the sending end according to the correctness of the channel decoding and the semantic decoding;
and S5, the sending end determines whether retransmission is needed and the retransmission mode according to the feedback result until the receiving end obtains the correct semantic decoding result.
In a possible implementation manner, the receiving end matches semantic decoding results in a corresponding semantic knowledge base according to information of the semantic knowledge base added to the semantic representation sequence by the transmitting end. That is, the receiving end matches the semantic decoding result only in the semantic knowledge base indicated by the transmitting end.
In a possible implementation manner, the receiving end matches the semantic decoding results in the corresponding or similar semantic knowledge base according to the information of the semantic knowledge base added to the semantic representation sequence by the transmitting end. That is, the receiving end is allowed to match the semantic decoding result in the semantic knowledge base similar to the semantic knowledge base indicated by the transmitting end. Specifically, the receiving end preferentially selects the semantic knowledge base indicated by the sending end to match the semantic decoding result, and determines whether the semantic information is recovered correctly according to the matching result; if the semantic information is recovered incorrectly, the receiving end selects a similar semantic knowledge base to match the semantic decoding result; and if the semantic information is recovered correctly, finishing the matching.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a logic diagram of steps S3 to S5 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In a possible implementation manner, the step S3 adopts a form of firstly determining whether channel decoding is correct, and performing semantic decoding only after the channel decoding is correct (concept one in fig. 3), and the step S4 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
a1, if the channel decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back HARQ NACK;
a2, if the channel decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back HARQ ACK and executes semantic decoding;
a21, if the semantic decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding to be correct;
and A22, if the semantic decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding error.
In a possible implementation manner, the step S3 is in a form of continuously performing semantic decoding (concept two in fig. 3) regardless of whether the channel decoding is correct, and then the step S4 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
b1, if the semantic decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding and HARQ ACK;
b2, if the semantic decoding is wrong, judging whether the channel decoding is correct;
b21, if the channel decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back semantic decoding errors and HARQ NACK;
and B22, if the channel decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back semantic decoding errors and HARQ ACK.
Continuing with fig. 3, step S5 specifically operates as follows:
s51, if the feedback received by the sending end contains correct semantic decoding and HARQ ACK, the transmission is successful;
s52, if the feedback received by the sending end only contains HARQ NACK, the step S2 needs to be returned for retransmission;
s53, if the feedback received by the sending end contains semantic decoding error and HARQ NACK, returning to the step S1 for retransmission;
and S54, if the feedback received by the sending end contains semantic decoding errors and HARQ ACK, returning to the step S1 for retransmission.
In step S5, if it needs to return to step S1 for retransmission, the sender needs to extract the semantic information again, generate a new semantic representation sequence, and add information of a new semantic knowledge base to the generated new semantic representation sequence.
In a possible implementation manner, the sending end selects the semantic knowledge base for semantic information extraction and indicates the semantic information to the receiving end during initial transmission (initial transmission), but when the semantic decoding is wrong or the semantic information recovery fails and retransmission (retransmission) is needed, the receiving end can select the semantic knowledge base and feed back the semantic knowledge base to the sending end, that is, the receiving end recommends the semantic knowledge base to the sending end. In order to improve the efficiency of data retransmission, when the sending end extracts semantic information again, the semantic knowledge base recommended by the receiving end to the sending end should be preferentially selected, if the receiving end does not recommend the semantic knowledge base, or the sending end does not receive the information of the semantic knowledge base recommended by the receiving end, or the sending end cannot acquire the content of the semantic knowledge base recommended by the receiving end, the private semantic knowledge base or the public semantic knowledge base of the sending end can be selected and indicated to the receiving end.
In one possible implementation, HARQ ACK/NACK feedback, feedback of whether the semantic decoding is correct or not, and feedback of the semantic knowledge base, which may be multiplexed (multiplexed) in the same physical layer channel (e.g., PUSCH or PUCCH) or higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, etc.). The three components can also be in different (separate) physical layer channels or higher layer signaling, for example, the PUCCH at time t1 is used for feeding back HARQ ACK/NACK, the PUSCH at time t2 is used for feeding back whether semantic decoding is correct or not, and the PUSCH at time t3 is used for feeding back information of the semantic knowledge base.
In one possible embodiment, the information of the semantic knowledge base comprises one or more of identification (identity) of the semantic knowledge base, public-private attribute (i.e. whether the semantic knowledge base is private or public), and source type; the source type includes one of text, image, voice, or multiple sources.
In a possible implementation manner, the source type is text, and the semantic information extraction adopts a Transformer model; the semantic representation sequence is a vector; and the information of the semantic knowledge base is added in the front or the back of the semantic representation sequence.
The sending end can indicate the information of a plurality of semantic knowledge bases to the receiving end and add the information in the semantic representation sequence. For example, when the sender generates the semantic representation sequence, the sender uses the semantic knowledge base private to the sender, and then the sender may add the identifier of the semantic knowledge base to the semantic representation sequence (e.g., as a first priority), and may additionally add the identifiers of other semantic knowledge bases close to the semantic knowledge base (e.g., as a second priority). The advantage of doing so is that when the receiving end can't obtain the sending end private semantic knowledge base, can carry out quick decoding according to the semantic knowledge base of the second priority that the sending end indicated.
In addition, the receiving end can also feed back information of a plurality of semantic knowledge bases to the sending end, and the information is recommended to the sending end for semantic information extraction and reuse. The advantage of this is that if the sending end can not obtain the content of a certain semantic knowledge base recommended by the receiving end, other alternative semantic knowledge bases exist.
In a possible implementation, the source type is image or voice, and the semantic representation sequence is a subgraph of the knowledge graph.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An information transmission method in a semantic communication system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the sending end firstly extracts semantic information to generate a semantic representation sequence, adds information of a semantic knowledge base in the generated semantic representation sequence, and then carries out semantic coding to generate a semantic coding sequence;
s2, carrying out channel coding on the semantic code sequence to generate a wireless signal, and transmitting the wireless signal to a receiving end through a wireless channel;
s3, the receiving end carries out channel decoding and semantic decoding on the received wireless signals;
s4, the receiving end feeds back to the sending end according to the correctness of the channel decoding and the semantic decoding;
s5, the sending end determines whether retransmission is needed and the retransmission mode according to the feedback result until the receiving end obtains the correct semantic decoding result;
the step S3 adopts a form of firstly determining whether the channel decoding is correct, and performing the semantic decoding only after the channel decoding is correct, and then the step S4 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
a1, if the channel decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back HARQ NACK;
a2, if the channel decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back HARQ ACK and executes semantic decoding;
a21, if the semantic decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding to be correct;
a22, if the semantic decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding error;
or
The step S3 is a form of continuously performing semantic decoding regardless of whether the channel decoding is correct, and the step S4 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
b1, if the semantic decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back the semantic decoding and HARQ ACK;
b2, if the semantic decoding is wrong, judging whether the channel decoding is correct;
b21, if the channel decoding is wrong, the receiving end feeds back semantic decoding errors and HARQ NACK;
and B22, if the channel decoding is correct, the receiving end feeds back semantic decoding errors and HARQ ACK.
2. The information transmission method in semantic communication system according to claim 1, wherein the semantic decoding in step S3 is performed as follows: and the receiving end matches semantic decoding results in the corresponding semantic knowledge base according to the information of the semantic knowledge base added in the semantic representation sequence by the sending end.
3. The information transmission method in semantic communication system according to claim 1, wherein the semantic decoding in step S3 is performed as follows: the receiving end matches semantic decoding results in corresponding or similar semantic knowledge bases according to the information of the semantic knowledge bases added in the semantic representation sequence by the sending end; the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s31, the receiving end preferentially selects the corresponding semantic knowledge base to match the semantic decoding result, and determines whether the semantic information is recovered correctly according to the matching result;
s32, if the semantic information is recovered incorrectly, the receiving end selects a similar semantic knowledge base to match the semantic decoding result; and if the semantic information is recovered correctly, finishing the matching.
4. The information transmission method in the semantic communication system according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 specifically operates as follows:
s51, if the feedback received by the sending end contains correct semantic decoding and HARQ ACK, the transmission is successful;
s52, if the feedback received by the sending end only contains HARQ NACK, the step S2 needs to be returned for retransmission;
s53, if the feedback received by the sending end contains semantic decoding error and HARQ NACK, returning to the step S1 for retransmission;
and S54, if the feedback received by the sending end contains semantic decoding errors and HARQ ACK, returning to the step S1 for retransmission.
5. The information transmission method in the semantic communication system according to claim 1, wherein the information of the semantic knowledge base comprises one or more of an identifier of the semantic knowledge base, public and private attributes, and a source type; the source type includes one of text, image, or speech.
6. The information transmission method in a semantic communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the information source type is a text, and a Transformer model is adopted for semantic information extraction; the semantic representation sequence is a vector; and the information of the semantic knowledge base is added in the front or the back of the semantic representation sequence.
7. The information transmission method in a semantic communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the information source type is image or voice, and the semantic representation sequence is a subgraph of the knowledge graph.
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| CN116863949A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-10-10 | 北京邮电大学 | Communication receiving method and device thereof |
| CN114765568B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-11-18 | 北京科技大学 | Multiple access method and device for semantic communication system |
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