CN113839166B - Coupler, loop indoor distribution system and signal equalization method - Google Patents
Coupler, loop indoor distribution system and signal equalization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113839166B CN113839166B CN202010512855.8A CN202010512855A CN113839166B CN 113839166 B CN113839166 B CN 113839166B CN 202010512855 A CN202010512855 A CN 202010512855A CN 113839166 B CN113839166 B CN 113839166B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/005—Control of transmission; Equalising
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a coupler, a loop indoor distribution system, and a signal equalization method. The coupler comprises a system input port, a system coupling port, a system output port, a system isolation port, a first coupling unit, a second coupling unit and a power divider, wherein the first port of the first coupling unit is connected with the system input port, the second port of the first coupling unit is connected with the system coupling port, and the third port of the first coupling unit is connected with the first port of the second coupling unit; a second port of the second coupling unit is connected with the system isolation port, a third port of the second coupling unit is connected with a first output end of the power divider, and a fourth port of the second coupling unit is connected with a second output end of the power divider; the input end of the power divider is connected with the output port of the system. The signal balance of the passive loop MIMO room distribution system can be realized by adopting a wide-bandwidth, low-cost, high-stability and low-insertion-loss mode.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular, to a coupler, a loop indoor distribution system, and a signal equalization method.
Background
In modern wireless communication systems, passive devices are widely used due to their environmental friendliness, no pollution, low power consumption, and high reliability. The coupler is a very common device in passive devices, and the main characteristic of the coupler is that the coupling loss can be designed according to actual requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor finds out through research that: the technical problem of imbalance of signals in two directions in a 3G/4G/5G passive loop indoor distribution system exists.
In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a coupler, a loop indoor distribution system, and a signal equalization method, which can perform power equalization processing on signals in both directions of the loop indoor distribution system.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a coupler, including a system input port, a system coupling port, a system output port, a system isolation port, a first coupling unit, a second coupling unit, and a power divider, wherein:
a first port of the first coupling unit is connected with the system input port, a second port of the first coupling unit is connected with the system coupling port, and a third port of the first coupling unit is connected with a first port of the second coupling unit;
a second port of the second coupling unit is connected with the system isolation port, a third port of the second coupling unit is connected with the first output end of the power divider, and a fourth port of the second coupling unit is connected with the second output end of the power divider;
the input end of the power divider is connected with the output port of the system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first degree of coupling from the system input port to the system coupled port is different than the second degree of coupling from the system output port to the system isolated port.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first coupling unit employs a first coupler having a first degree of coupling;
the coupling degree of the second coupling unit is a second coupling degree, and the second coupling unit adopts an electric bridge or a second coupler with different coupling degrees according to the second coupling degree, wherein the second coupling degree is determined according to the first coupling degree, the first downlink signal power and the second downlink signal power.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power splitting ratio of the power divider is the same as the coupling ratio of the second coupling unit.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler is configured to perform power equalization processing on a first downlink signal from the system input port to the system coupling port and a second downlink signal from the system output port to the system isolation port in the loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case where the first downstream signal is input from the system input port to the first coupling unit, the first downstream signal of a part of power is output from the system coupling port through the first coupling unit; the first downlink signal of the other part of power passes through the third port of the first coupling unit and reaches two output ends of the power divider through the second coupling unit, and the power divider synthesizes the two signals and outputs the two signals from the output port of the system;
when the second downlink signal is input into the power divider from the system output port, the second downlink signal reaches the electrical bridge through the power divider, the second downlink signal with a part of power after passing through the electrical bridge is output from the system isolation port, and the second downlink signal with the other part of power is output from the system input port through the first coupling unit.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler is configured to perform power equalization processing on a first upstream signal from a system coupling port to a system input port and a second upstream signal from a system isolation port to a system output port in the loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case where the first upstream signal is input from the system coupling port, the first upstream signal is output from the system input port through the first coupling unit;
and under the condition that the second uplink signal is input from the system isolation port, the second uplink signal reaches two output ends of the power divider through the second coupling unit, and the power divider synthesizes the two signals and outputs the two signals from the system output port.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler supports 800-3700MHz signals.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the upstream insertion loss of the second upstream signal from the system isolation port to the system output port is 1dB.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the coupler first and second downstream signals have a downstream insertion loss of 1.3-1.5dB.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a loop indoor distribution system comprising a coupler as described in any of the above embodiments.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a signal equalization method including:
the coupler according to any one of the above embodiments is used for performing power equalization processing on signals in two directions of a loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the signal equalization method further comprises:
determining a first degree of coupling of the first coupling unit;
determining a second coupling degree of the second coupling unit according to the first coupling degree, the first downlink signal power and the second downlink signal power;
and selecting a first coupling unit with a first coupling degree and a second coupling unit with a second coupling degree.
The signal balance of the passive loop MIMO room distribution system can be realized by adopting a wide-bandwidth, low-cost, high-stability and low-insertion-loss mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of a coupler of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of other embodiments of a coupler according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of a downstream operation principle of the wideband four-port asymmetric coupler according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of a first downstream signal of a wideband four-port asymmetric coupler in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3c is a schematic diagram of a second downstream signal of the wideband four-port asymmetric coupler according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an upstream operation principle of the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of the disclosed signal equalization method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of a coupler of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the coupler of the present disclosure may include a system input port 1, a system coupling port 2, a system output port 3, and a system isolation port 4, wherein:
a first degree of coupling of the system input port 1 to the system coupling port 2 is different from a second degree of coupling of the system output port 3 to the system isolation port 4.
And the coupler is used for carrying out power equalization processing on signals in two directions of the loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler may be used to power equalize a first downstream signal directed from the system input port 1 to the system coupled port 2 and a second downstream signal directed from the system output port 3 to the system isolated port 4 in a loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power equalization process refers to: and balancing the power of the first downlink signal input by the system input port and the power of the second downlink signal input by the system output port to reduce the power difference between the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first degree of coupling may be 15dB and the second degree of coupling may be 3dB. In the embodiment of fig. 1, if the power of the first downlink signal input from the system input port 1 is 30w, and the power of the second downlink signal input from the system output port 3 is 1w, the power of the first downlink signal is 30 times that of the second downlink signal, and the power difference between the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal is large, and the powers are not balanced. Since the first coupling degree from the system input port 1 to the system coupled port 2 is 15dB, the power of the first downlink signal output from the system coupled port 2 is 30w divided by 31.6, which is equal to 0.95w. Since the second coupling of the system output port 3 to the system isolation port 4 is 3dB, the power of the first downlink signal output from the system isolation port 4 is 1w divided by 2, which is equal to 0.5w. Therefore, after the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler disclosed by the invention is used, the difference between the first downlink signal output by the system coupling port 2 and the second downlink signal output by the system isolation port 4 is not large, so that the purpose of performing power equalization processing on bidirectional signals (the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal) is achieved.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler may also be used to power equalize a first upstream signal from the system coupling port 2 to the system input port 1 and a second upstream signal from the system isolation port 4 to the system output port 3 in the loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the disclosed coupler may be a broadband four-port asymmetric coupler.
The coupler provided based on the above embodiments of the present disclosure is a broadband four-port asymmetric coupler, and can implement signal balance of a passive loop MIMO (multiple input multiple output) indoor subsystem in a low-cost, high-stability, and low-insertion-loss manner.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of other embodiments of a coupler according to the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the coupler of the present disclosure may include a system input port 1, a system coupling port 2, a system output port 3, a system isolation port 4, a first coupling unit 5, a power divider 6, and a second coupling unit 7, where:
the first port 51 of the first coupling unit 5 is connected to the system input port 1, the second port 52 of the first coupling unit 5 is connected to the system coupling port 2, and the third port 53 of the first coupling unit 5 is connected to the first port 71 of the second coupling unit 7.
The second port 72 of the second coupling unit 7 is connected to the system isolation port 4, the third port 73 of the second coupling unit 7 is connected to the first output terminal 61 of the power divider 6, and the fourth port 74 of the second coupling unit 7 is connected to the second output terminal 62 of the power divider 6.
The input 63 of the power divider 6 is connected to the system output port 3.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the operating frequency range of all the devices in the coupler of the present disclosure, such as the first coupling unit 5, the power divider 6, and the second coupling unit 7, may be 800M-3700MHz.
The broadband four-port asymmetric coupler disclosed by the invention is based on a traditional coupler, and comprises a power divider 6 and a second coupling unit 7.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first degree of coupling from the system input port to the system coupled port is different from the second degree of coupling from the system output port to the system isolated port.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first coupling unit 5 employs a first coupler having a first degree of coupling.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first degree of coupling (forward degree of coupling) is selected according to the first coupler, and the first degree of coupling can be flexibly set as needed, for example: the first degree of coupling may be 15dB.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupling degree of the second coupling unit 7 is a second coupling degree, and the second coupling unit uses a bridge or a second coupler with different coupling degrees according to the second coupling degree, where the second coupling degree is determined according to the first coupling degree, the first downlink signal power, and the second downlink signal power.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second degree of coupling (degree of back coupling) may be independently designed by selecting an equal-dividing, non-equal-dividing bridge or a second coupler of different degree of coupling, as desired.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case that the second coupling unit 7 selects a non-equal bridge or a second coupler with a different coupling degree, the power divider 6 is a non-equal power divider, and its power division ratio is the same as the coupling degree of the second coupling unit, so as to ensure that the power combining insertion loss is minimum.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power splitting ratio of the power splitter 6 is the same as the coupling degree of the second coupling unit 7.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power divider 6 may be implemented as an air stripline power divider or a microstrip power divider.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second coupling unit 7 may be an in-phase output bridge.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second coupling unit 7 may be a 3dB equal power distribution bridge, the first port 71 and the second port 72 of the second coupling unit 7 are input terminals, and the second port 72 and the fourth port 74 may be output terminals, wherein the phase difference between the two output terminals is 0.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case that the second coupling unit 7 is a 3dB equal-power distribution bridge, the power divider is an equal-power distribution power divider (which may be a microstrip power divider or an air strip line power divider according to power requirements), and two output ends are isolated from each other, so as to ensure that insertion loss is minimum when the power divider is combined in a reverse direction.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first coupling unit may select a conventional coupler with a coupling degree of 5dB, 6dB, 7dB, 10dB, 15dB, 20dB, 40dB, or the like; the second coupling unit can be an electric bridge with the coupling degree of 3dB or a conventional coupler with the coupling degrees of 2dB, 3dB, 5dB, 6dB, 7dB, 10dB, 15dB, 20dB, 40dB and the like.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, in the case that the first coupling unit 5 is a first coupler, the first port 51 of the first coupling unit 5 is an input port of the first coupler, the second port 52 of the first coupling unit 5 is a coupling port of the first coupler, and the third port 53 of the first coupling unit 5 is an output port of the first coupler.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, in the case that the second coupling unit 7 is a second coupler, the first port 71 of the second coupling unit 7 is an input port of the second coupler, the second port 72 of the second coupling unit 7 is an isolation port of the second coupler, the third port 73 of the second coupling unit 7 is a coupling port of the second coupler, and the fourth port 74 of the second coupling unit 7 is an output port of the second coupler.
The bidirectional coupling degree of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure can be flexibly adjusted, and the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure can flexibly design the bidirectional coupling degree by combining the first coupling unit and the second coupling unit in different ways.
The embodiment of the disclosure has strong practicability, low cost, universality and universality, and can be applied to other 2/3/4/5G (including FDD and TDD loop indoor distribution systems) in the same industry.
The stability of this disclosure's above-mentioned embodiment is high, and the above-mentioned embodiment of this disclosure has simple structure, assembles characteristics such as simple and easy, easily batch production simultaneously.
Fig. 3a is a schematic diagram illustrating a downstream operation principle of the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of a first downstream signal of a wideband four-port asymmetric coupler in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 3c is a schematic diagram of a second downstream signal of the wideband four-port asymmetric coupler according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, in the case that a first downlink signal (shown as a solid line with an arrow in fig. 3a and 3 b) is input into the first coupling unit 5 from the system input port 1, the first downlink signal with a small power is output from the system coupling port 2 through the first coupling unit 5 (the first coupling degree of the first coupling unit 5 can be independently designed according to needs); the first downlink signal with another part of power passes through the third port 53 of the first coupling unit 5, passes through the second coupling unit 7, and reaches the two output ends of the power divider 6, and the power divider 6 combines the two signals and outputs the combined signal from the system output port 3.
As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, in the case that the second coupling unit 7 is a 3dB bridge and the first coupling unit 5 is a 15dB first coupler, the first downlink signal is input from the input port of the first coupler, and a small portion of power is output from the coupling port through the first coupler; the main signal is output to the output port of the first coupler and reaches the two output ends of the power divider through the electric bridge, and the power divider synthesizes the two signals into one signal and outputs the signal from the system output port because the phases and amplitudes of the output signals of the electric bridge are the same.
As shown in fig. 3a and 3c, when the second downlink signal (shown by the dotted line with an arrow in fig. 3a and 3 c) is input to the power divider 6 from the system output port 3, the second downlink signal reaches the second coupling unit 7 through the power divider 6, the second downlink signal with a part of power after passing through the second coupling unit 7 is output from the system isolation port 4, and the second downlink signal with the other part of power is output from the system input port 1 through the first coupling unit 5.
The above embodiments of the present disclosure can balance the bidirectional signals (the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal) as required through the flexible design of the bidirectional coupling degree.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first downlink signal may be a first downlink signal of a MIMO system; the second downlink signal may be a second downlink signal of the MIMO system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first coupling unit may be a 15dB first coupler and the second coupling unit may be a 3dB bridge. In the embodiment of fig. 3a and 3b, if the power of the first downlink signal input from the system input port 1 is 30w, and the power of the second downlink signal input from the system output port 3 is 1w, the power of the first downlink signal is 2 times that of the second downlink signal, and the power difference between the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal is large, and the powers are not balanced. In the case where the first downlink signal is output from the system-coupled port 2 through the first coupling unit 5 (the 15dB first coupler), the power of the first downlink signal output from the system-coupled port 2 is 30w divided by 31.6, which is equal to 0.95w. In the case where the second downstream signal is output from the system isolation port 4 via the second coupling unit 7 (3 dB bridge), the power of the first downstream signal output from the system isolation port 4 is 1w divided by 2, which is equal to 0.5w. Therefore, after the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler disclosed by the invention is used, the difference between the first downlink signal output by the system coupling port 2 and the second downlink signal output by the system isolation port 4 is not large, so that the purpose of performing power equalization processing on bidirectional signals (the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal) is achieved.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler of the present disclosure may be used to power equalize a first downstream signal from the system input port 1 to the system coupling port 2 and a second downstream signal from the system output port 3 to the system isolation port 4 in a loop indoor distribution system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an upstream operation principle of the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, in a case where a first upstream signal (solid line with an arrow shown in fig. 4) is input from the system coupling port 2, the first upstream signal is output from the system input port 1 through the first coupling unit 5.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, in a case that a second uplink signal (shown as a dotted arrow line in fig. 4) is input from the system isolation port 4, the second uplink signal reaches two output ends of the power divider 6 through the second coupling unit 7, and the power divider 6 combines the two signals and outputs the combined signal from the system output port 3.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first coupling unit may be a 15dB first coupler and the second coupling unit may be a 3dB bridge. In the embodiment of fig. 4, the power of the first upstream signal input from the system coupling port 2 is 2w, and the power of the second upstream signal input from the system isolation port 4 is also 2w.
As shown in fig. 4, the coupling degree between the fourth port of the first coupling unit 5 and the first port of the first coupling unit 5 is 15dB, and the first uplink signal output from the system input port 1 is 2w divided by 31.6, which is equal to 0.063w.
As shown in fig. 4, after passing through the second coupling unit 7, the 2w second uplink signal input from the system coupling port 4 is divided into two second uplink signals with powers of 1w, and the power divider 6 combines the two second uplink signals into the 2w second uplink signal output from the system output port 3.
The broadband four-port asymmetric coupler disclosed by the invention can be arranged at two ends of a loop indoor distribution system, a first uplink signal output from a system input port 1 directly enters a base station, a second uplink signal output from a system output port 3 still needs to enter the base station after the loop indoor distribution system runs for a circle, and finally, the first uplink signal entering the base station is equivalent to the second uplink signal.
The broadband four-port asymmetric coupler of the above embodiment of the present disclosure adds a power divider and a second coupling unit on the basis of a conventional coupler. The above embodiments of the present disclosure balance bidirectional signals (e.g., the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal) as required through flexible design of bidirectional coupling degree. The above embodiments of the present disclosure may implement signal balance of the passive loop MIMO indoor subsystem in a low-cost, high-stability, low-insertion-loss manner. The insertion loss of the above embodiments of the present disclosure is less than or equal to 1.5dB; the standing wave of the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure is 1.3 or less.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler of the present disclosure may be used to power equalize a first upstream signal from the system coupling port 2 to the system input port 1 and a second upstream signal from the system isolation port 4 to the system output port 3 in a loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler of the embodiments of fig. 1-4 may further include a cavity, a cavity cover, a transmission conductor, and a coupling conductor.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler supports 800-3700MHz signals.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the upstream insertion loss of the second upstream signal from the system isolation port to the system output port is 1dB.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the downstream insertion loss of the coupler first and second downstream signals is 1.3-1.5dB.
The embodiment of the disclosure realizes the signal balance of the 3G/4G/5G passive loop indoor distribution system with low cost. The above embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to the balance adjustment of the signal of the loop type indoor distribution system.
The above-described embodiments of the present disclosure support a wide bandwidth range, 800-3700MHz.
The uplink performance of the embodiment of the present disclosure is excellent: the reverse uplink insertion loss of the broadband four-port asymmetric coupler can be as low as 1dB.
In the above embodiments of the present disclosure, since the coupling degree of the coupler 1 is different from the power distribution loss of the bridge (or the coupler 2), two directional coupling degrees (the first coupling degree from the system input port to the system coupling port is different from the second coupling degree from the system output port to the system isolation port) can be achieved, and balanced adjustment of two directional signals is achieved.
The four-port coupler, the power divider and the bridge are combined for realizing different coupling degrees in two directions for the first time in the embodiment of the disclosure, and the used devices are mature communication products, so that the price cost is low and the performance is stable.
The system frequency range of the embodiment of the disclosure is 800-3700MHz, and is suitable for various types of 2/3/4/5G systems.
The embodiment of the disclosure can realize the characteristics of low cost, universality, stability, simple structure, easy assembly, easy batch production and the like. The system can be rapidly popularized and used in the construction of loop MIMO indoor distribution systems.
The above embodiments of the present disclosure utilize one coupler (only one-time distribution loss), and utilize the difference in power distribution between the bridge and the coupler, so as to realize the difference in coupling degrees in two directions. The embodiment of the disclosure introduces small insertion loss and has better performance.
The two-way signal transmission channels of the embodiment of the present disclosure are different, and different transmission characteristics are set, so that the two-way signal balance degree is controllable, and the quality of the MIMO is ensured.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a loop indoor distribution system, including a coupler as described in any of the above embodiments (e.g., any of the embodiments of fig. 1-4).
Based on the loop indoor distribution system provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the signal balance of the passive loop MIMO indoor distribution system can be realized through the four-port asymmetric coupler in a wide bandwidth, low cost, high stability and low insertion loss manner.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of the disclosed signal equalization method. Preferably, this embodiment can be performed by the coupler of the present disclosure. The method may include:
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the signal equalization method may further include: determining a first degree of coupling of the first coupling unit 5; determining a second coupling degree of the second coupling unit 7 according to the first coupling degree, the first downlink signal power and the second downlink signal power; a first coupling means 5 of a first degree of coupling and a second coupling means 7 of a second degree of coupling are selected.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 51 may comprise: and performing power equalization processing on a first downlink signal in the loop indoor distribution system, wherein the direction of the first downlink signal is from a system input port 1 to a system coupling port 2, and a second downlink signal in the direction of the second downlink signal is from a system output port 3 to a system isolation port 4.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 51 may include steps 511-512, wherein:
step 511, when the first downlink signal (shown as a solid line with an arrow in fig. 3) is input from the system input port 1 to the first coupling unit 5, the first downlink signal with a small power is output from the system coupling port 2 through the first coupling unit 5 (the first coupling degree of the first coupling unit 5 can be independently designed according to needs); the first downlink signal with another part of power passes through the third port 53 of the first coupling unit 5, passes through the second coupling unit 7, and reaches the two output ends of the power divider 6, and the power divider 6 combines the two signals and outputs the combined signal from the system output port 3.
In step 512, when the second downlink signal (shown as a dotted line with an arrow in fig. 3) is input into the power divider 6 from the system output port 3, the second downlink signal reaches the second coupling unit 7 through the power divider 6, a part of the second downlink signal with power after passing through the second coupling unit 7 is output from the system isolation port 4, and the second downlink signal with another part of the power is output from the system input port 1 through the first coupling unit 5.
The second coupling degree (i.e. the back coupling degree) of the second coupling unit of the present disclosure can be independently designed by selecting a bridge or couplers with different coupling degrees as required.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 51 may comprise: and performing power equalization processing on a first downlink signal in the loop indoor distribution system, wherein the direction of the first downlink signal is from a system input port 1 to a system coupling port 2, and a second downlink signal in the direction of the second downlink signal is from a system output port 3 to a system isolation port 4.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 51 may comprise: and performing power equalization processing on a first uplink signal from a system coupling port 2 to a system input port 1 and a second uplink signal from a system isolation port 4 to a system output port 3 in the loop indoor distribution system.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 51 may further comprise steps 513-514, wherein:
in step 513, in case that the first upstream signal (shown as a solid line with an arrow in fig. 4) is input from the system coupling port 2, the first upstream signal is output from the system input port 1 through the first coupling unit 5.
In step 514, when the second uplink signal (shown as a dotted line with an arrow in fig. 4) is input from the system isolation port 4, the second uplink signal reaches the two output ends of the power divider 6 through the second coupling unit 7, and the power divider 6 combines the two signals and outputs the combined signal from the system output port 3.
Based on the signal equalization method provided by the above embodiment of the present disclosure, bidirectional signals (e.g., the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal) can be balanced as needed through a flexible design of bidirectional coupling degree. The above embodiments of the present disclosure may implement signal balance of the passive loop MIMO indoor subsystem in a low-cost, high-stability, low-insertion-loss manner.
The embodiment of the disclosure realizes the signal balance of the 3G/4G/5G passive loop indoor distribution system with low cost. The above embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to the balance adjustment of the signal of the loop type indoor distribution system.
The system frequency range of the embodiment of the disclosure is 800-3700MHz, and is suitable for various types of 2/3/4/5G systems.
The embodiment of the disclosure can realize the characteristics of low cost, universality, stability, simple structure, easy assembly, easy batch production and the like. The system can be rapidly popularized and used in the construction of loop MIMO indoor distribution systems.
The embodiment of the disclosure uses one coupler (only once distribution loss) and uses different power distributions of the bridge and the coupler to realize different coupling degrees in two directions.
Thus far, the present disclosure has been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can now fully appreciate how to implement the teachings disclosed herein, in view of the foregoing description.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware to implement the above embodiments, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclosure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (8)
1. A coupler is characterized by comprising a system input port, a system coupling port, a system output port, a system isolation port, a first coupling unit, a second coupling unit and a power divider, wherein:
a first port of the first coupling unit is connected with the system input port, a second port of the first coupling unit is connected with the system coupling port, and a third port of the first coupling unit is connected with a first port of the second coupling unit;
a second port of the second coupling unit is connected with the system isolation port, a third port of the second coupling unit is connected with the first output end of the power divider, and a fourth port of the second coupling unit is connected with the second output end of the power divider;
the input end of the power divider is connected with the output port of the system;
a first degree of coupling from the system input port to the system coupling port is different from a second degree of coupling from the system output port to the system isolation port;
the coupler is used for carrying out power equalization processing on a first downlink signal from a system input port to a system coupling port and a second downlink signal from a system output port to a system isolation port in the loop indoor distribution system;
the coupler is a coupler of a passive loop indoor distribution system, and the coupler is a passive device;
the first coupling unit adopts a first coupler with a first coupling degree;
the coupling degree of the second coupling unit is a second coupling degree, and the second coupling unit adopts an electric bridge or a second coupler with different coupling degrees according to the second coupling degree, wherein the second coupling degree is determined according to the first coupling degree, the first downlink signal power and the second downlink signal power;
the power distribution ratio of the power divider is the same as the coupling degree of the second coupling unit.
2. The coupler of claim 1,
under the condition that the first downlink signal is input into the first coupling unit from the system input port, the first downlink signal with a part of power is output from the system coupling port through the first coupling unit; the first downlink signal of the other part of power passes through the third port of the first coupling unit and reaches two output ends of the power divider through the second coupling unit, and the power divider synthesizes the two signals and outputs the two signals from the output port of the system;
when the second downlink signal is input into the power divider from the output port of the system, the second downlink signal reaches the bridge through the power divider, a part of the second downlink signal with power after passing through the bridge is output from the system isolation port, and the second downlink signal with the other part of the power is output from the input port of the system through the first coupling unit.
3. The coupler of claim 1 or 2,
and the coupler is used for carrying out power equalization processing on a first uplink signal from a system coupling port to a system input port and a second uplink signal from a system isolation port to a system output port in the loop indoor distribution system.
4. The coupler of claim 3,
under the condition that the first uplink signal is input from the system coupling port, the first uplink signal is output from the system input port through the first coupling unit;
and under the condition that the second uplink signal is input from the system isolation port, the second uplink signal reaches two output ends of the power divider through the second coupling unit, and the power divider synthesizes the two signals and outputs the two signals from the system output port.
5. The coupler of claim 1 or 2,
the coupler supports 800-3700MHz signals;
the uplink insertion loss of a second uplink signal from the system isolation port to the system output port is 1dB;
and the downlink insertion loss of the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal of the coupler is 1.3-1.5dB.
6. A loop indoor distribution system comprising a coupler according to any of claims 1 to 5.
7. A method of signal equalization, comprising:
the coupler of claim 1 is used to equalize the power of signals in both directions of a distributed system in a passive loop room.
8. The signal equalization method of claim 7, further comprising:
determining a first degree of coupling of a first coupling unit;
determining a second coupling degree of the second coupling unit according to the first coupling degree, the first downlink signal power and the second downlink signal power;
and selecting a first coupling unit with a first coupling degree and a second coupling unit with a second coupling degree.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6326841B1 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-12-04 | Nokia Telecommunications, Oy | Method and apparatus for compensating for loss or RF output power from the isolation port of a hybrid coupler |
| CN108809263A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-13 | 罗德施瓦兹两合股份有限公司 | Amplifier is arranged and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6326841B1 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-12-04 | Nokia Telecommunications, Oy | Method and apparatus for compensating for loss or RF output power from the isolation port of a hybrid coupler |
| CN108809263A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-13 | 罗德施瓦兹两合股份有限公司 | Amplifier is arranged and method |
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