CN113839132A - Battery box and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Battery box and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113839132A
CN113839132A CN202010507498.6A CN202010507498A CN113839132A CN 113839132 A CN113839132 A CN 113839132A CN 202010507498 A CN202010507498 A CN 202010507498A CN 113839132 A CN113839132 A CN 113839132A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
box body
battery
lower box
battery box
composite material
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Pending
Application number
CN202010507498.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建平
黄春华
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Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
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Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202010507498.6A priority Critical patent/CN113839132A/en
Publication of CN113839132A publication Critical patent/CN113839132A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery box and a preparation method thereof, wherein the battery box comprises a lower box body and at least one reinforcing rib, wherein the lower box body is made of a composite material, and the composite material is one of an SMC (sheet molding compound) composite material, a mixture of an SMC composite material and aerogel, a PCM composite material, a mixture of a PCM composite material and aerogel and a carbon fiber material; the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the lower box body. According to the battery box and the preparation method thereof, the lower box body made of the composite material is formed in one step, so that the battery box is high in processing precision, good in heat preservation, good in flame retardance and high in forming structure; the heat insulation property of the composite material can reduce the influence of the ambient temperature on the temperature in the battery box, and can effectively solve the problem of condensation in the battery box; the inner container made of the composite material can also improve the corrosion resistance of the battery box and prolong the service life of the battery box; the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the lower box body, so that the strength of the lower box body can be enhanced.

Description

Battery box and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a battery box and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the material of a battery case for an electric vehicle is steel or aluminum. When the battery box body is made of steel, the battery box body is formed by punching the steel; when the material of the battery box body is aluminum, the battery box body is formed by welding aluminum profiles or pouring aluminum. The battery box body made of steel or aluminum is heavy in weight and sensitive to the environmental temperature, so that condensation in the box body can be caused, and the management and adjustment of the internal temperature of the battery box are difficult; the processing procedure is complex, the cost is high, the manufacturing precision is poor, and the thermal deformation control is difficult; the battery box is greatly influenced by external temperature, and certain bottleneck is brought to the development of the battery box for the electric vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the battery box in the prior art is heavy in overall weight, is greatly influenced by external temperature and is poor in temperature management effect, and provides the battery box and the preparation method thereof.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the present invention provides a battery box, including:
the lower box body is made of a composite material, and the composite material is one of an SMC composite material, a mixture of an SMC composite material and aerogel, a PCM composite material, a mixture of a PCM composite material and aerogel and a carbon fiber material;
and the reinforcing rib is arranged on the lower box body.
In the technical scheme, the lower box body made of the composite material is formed in one step, so that the processing precision is high, the heat preservation performance is good, the flame retardance is good, and the forming structure is high; the heat insulation property of the composite material can reduce the influence of the environmental temperature on the temperature in the battery box, effectively solve the problem of condensation in the battery box and effectively avoid the safety risks of insulation failure and the like caused by condensed water; the inner container made of the composite material can also improve the corrosion resistance of the battery box and prolong the service life of the battery box; the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the lower box body, so that the strength of the lower box body can be enhanced.
Preferably, the reinforcing rib and the lower box body are integrally formed by injection molding.
In this technical scheme, integrative injection moulding's strengthening rib and lower box make the inside of lower box have additional strengthening, have guaranteed the intensity of lower box.
Preferably, the battery box further comprises a bottom guard plate, and the surface of the bottom guard plate is attached and fixed to the outer bottom surface of the lower box body.
In the technical scheme, the strength of the bottom surface of the lower box body is ensured by arranging the bottom protection plate.
Preferably, the battery box further comprises an outer frame, the outer frame is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body, and the outer frame is fixed with the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body.
In this technical scheme, through setting up the frame, guaranteed the intensity of the outer peripheral face of box down to can provide the installation basis for other parts of battery box.
Preferably, the battery box further comprises a bottom guard plate, the bottom guard plate is fixed to the outer frame, the lower box body is located in a space defined by the bottom guard plate and the outer frame, and the outer bottom surface of the lower box body is arranged opposite to the surface of the bottom guard plate.
In this technical scheme, through setting up end backplate and frame, guaranteed the intensity of the bottom surface and the outer peripheral face of box down.
Preferably, a foaming material is filled between the bottom protection plate and the outer bottom surface of the lower box body.
In the technical scheme, the foaming material is light in weight, the bottom of the battery box can be filled, the problem that the lower box body of the composite material is insufficient in strength is solved, the integral rigidity of the battery box is improved, and the use requirement of the battery box is met.
Preferably, the inner bottom surface of the lower case has a lattice structure forming a receiving space for a plurality of battery packs.
In the technical scheme, the plurality of battery assemblies are respectively arranged in the grid structure, so that the battery assemblies are convenient to install and position, and the installation precision is improved. Moreover, the grid structure is formed by crossing a plurality of grid bars, and the grid bars are equivalent to that reinforcing ribs are additionally arranged on the lower box body, so that the overall strength of the lower box body and the battery box is further improved. In addition, because the grid structure has certain thickness, certain gaps are formed among the battery components and are the same, heat of the battery components is conveniently dissipated, and the influence on the service performance and the service life of the battery components caused by overheating of the battery components is avoided.
Preferably, the lower case body is further provided with heat-conducting glue, and the heat-conducting glue is formed in a space between the lower case body and the battery assembly.
In the technical scheme, the temperature of the inner space of the battery box is more uniform by arranging the heat-conducting glue in the lower box body; particularly, in the region near the battery pack where local high temperature is likely to occur, the temperature in this region can be transferred to another region by the heat conductive paste, and the temperature inside the battery box can be kept uniform.
Preferably, the battery box further comprises a temperature adjusting part, the temperature adjusting part is placed in the lower box body, and the temperature adjusting part is used for adjusting temperature change in the lower box body.
In this technical scheme, the piece that adjusts the temperature can absorb heat or release heat according to the inside temperature in the lower box to this temperature variation to the battery box adjusts, thereby can be with the temperature control of the inside of battery box in the suitable scope, makes the efficiency maximize of battery box.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the aerogel to the SMC composite in the mixture of SMC composite and aerogel is (0.5:99.5) to (1.5: 98.5); the mass ratio of the aerogel to the PCM composite in the mixture of the PCM composite and the aerogel is (0.5:99.5) - (1.5: 98.5).
In this technical scheme, add the aerogel of above-mentioned proportion in SMC combined material, PCM combined material, can improve the thermal-insulated fire prevention effect of heat preservation of box down when guaranteeing the intensity of box down, avoid battery pack to fire the burning because of the high temperature.
Preferably, the battery box further comprises at least one mounting strip, the mounting strip is arranged around the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body, and the mounting strip is used for mounting at least one functional piece; the function piece is one of guiding mechanism, lock axle and electric connector, guiding mechanism is used for right the direction of battery box change in-process, the lock axle is used for cooperateing with the locking with the latch mechanism of fixing on the electric motor car the battery box, electric connector is used for realizing the electricity with car end electric connector or station end electric connector and is connected.
In this technical scheme, through setting up the mounting bar and installing the function piece on the mounting bar to satisfy functions such as this battery box locking, removal, electricity connection.
Preferably, the battery box further comprises a heat exchange pipeline, the heat exchange pipeline is installed in an internal space formed by the lower box body and is arranged corresponding to the plurality of battery assemblies fixed in the lower box body, and the heat exchange pipeline is used for circulating fluid so as to realize heat exchange between the heat exchange pipeline and the plurality of battery assemblies.
In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tube is used for circulating fluid to realize heat exchange with the plurality of battery assemblies, so that the temperature among the battery assemblies is kept balanced.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the battery box, and the battery box is as described in the above technical scheme, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
placing the reinforcing rib into an injection mold, wherein the shape of a cavity formed by an inner cavity of the injection mold and the reinforcing rib corresponds to the shape of the lower box body;
and adding a raw material of a composite material into an inner cavity of the injection mold, and performing injection molding to form a lower box body.
In the technical scheme, by the preparation method, the reinforcing rib and the lower box body can be integrally formed by injection molding, so that the lower box body is internally provided with the reinforcing structure, and the strength of the lower box body is ensured.
Preferably, a raw material of a composite material is added into an inner cavity of the injection mold, and injection molding is performed to form a lower box body, and then the method further comprises the following steps:
sleeving an outer frame on the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body, wherein the outer frame is bonded with the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body through glue;
the surface of a bottom guard plate is arranged opposite to the outer bottom surface of a lower box body, the bottom guard plate and the outer frame are fixed through bolts, and the lower box body is located in a space defined by the bottom guard plate and the outer frame.
In the technical scheme, the bottom guard plate, the outer frame and the lower box body can be fixed together by the preparation method, so that the strength of the bottom surface and the peripheral surface of the lower box body is ensured; the frame also provides a mounting base for other components of the battery box.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the battery box and the preparation method thereof, the lower box body made of the composite material is formed in one step, so that the battery box is high in processing precision, good in heat preservation, good in flame retardance and high in forming structure; the heat insulation property of the composite material can reduce the influence of the environmental temperature on the temperature in the battery box, effectively solve the problem of condensation in the battery box and effectively avoid the safety risks of insulation failure and the like caused by condensed water; the inner container made of the composite material can also improve the corrosion resistance of the battery box and prolong the service life of the battery box; the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the lower box body, so that the strength of the lower box body can be enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery box according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an upper cover of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the battery box shown in fig. 1 with an upper cover removed.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the battery case shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a bottom schematic view of the battery box shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a lower case of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the lower case body and the reinforcing ribs of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the lower case, the reinforcing ribs, and the outer frame of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a lower case body, reinforcing ribs, an outer frame, and a floor shield of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 11 is a partially enlarged view of the battery case shown in fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a mounting bar, a guide mechanism and a lock shaft of the battery case shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the guide mechanism shown in fig. 12.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the guide mechanism shown in fig. 13.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the lock shaft shown in fig. 12.
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the latch spindle of fig. 15.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a battery case according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a hidden cell of the battery box shown in fig. 17.
Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a battery case according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
Upper cover 1
Projection 11
Lower box body 2
Grid structure 21
Reinforcing ribs 3
Outer frame 4
Bottom guard board 5
Sealing strip 6
Connecting bolt 7
Mounting bar 8
Guide mechanism 9
Guide block 91
Elastic member 92
Bump 93
Installation space 94
Lock shaft 10
Shaft fixing part 101
Shaft body 102
Inductive element 103
Shaft sleeve 104
Electrical connector 20
Battery cell 30
Temperature regulating member 40
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The battery box is installed in the electric automobile and is used for providing electric power for the electric automobile. The battery box comprises an external box body and an electric core which is positioned in the box body and used for storing electric power, and further comprises a component which is arranged on the peripheral surface of the box body and used for installing and moving the battery box, and an electric connector which is electrically connected with the battery box and an electric vehicle or a charging station.
Embodiment 1 provided by the present invention is shown in fig. 1 to 16. The battery box of this embodiment, including upper cover 1, lower box 2, strengthening rib 3, frame 4 and end backplate 5, upper cover 1 lid forms the inner space on box 2 down, battery pack places in this inner space, strengthening rib 3 sets up on box 2 down, frame 4 overlaps on the outer peripheral face of box 2 down, frame 4 is fixed mutually with the outer peripheral face of lower box 2, end backplate 5 is fixed mutually with frame 4, lower box 2 is located the space that end backplate 5 and frame 4 enclose, the outer bottom surface of lower box 2 sets up with end backplate 5's surface relatively.
Wherein, the lower box body 2 is made of composite material, and the composite material is one of SMC composite material, mixture of SMC composite material and aerogel, PCM composite material, mixture of PCM composite material and aerogel and carbon fiber material.
The smc (sheet molding compound) composite material may be conventional in the art and is one of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the main raw material is composed of GF (special yarn), MD (filler) and various auxiliaries. The lower case 2 made of the SMC composite material has excellent electrical insulation, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and chemical resistance to corrosion.
Pcm (phase Change material) composite materials are conventional in the art and are phase Change materials, which refer to materials that Change state of matter and provide latent heat at a constant temperature. The lower box body 2 made of PCM composite material has high latent heat of fusion, so that the lower box body can store or emit more heat in phase change; the phase change process has good reversibility, small expansion and contraction, and less supercooling or overheating phenomena; large heat conductivity coefficient, high density and high specific heat capacity.
Carbon Fiber materials, namely CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer/Plastic) composite materials, are conventional in the field, are formed by converting organic fibers through a series of heat treatment, are inorganic high-performance fibers with high Carbon content, are novel materials with excellent mechanical properties, have the inherent characteristics of Carbon materials, have the soft processability of textile fibers, and are new-generation reinforcing fibers. The lower case 2 made of the carbon fiber material has high strength, excellent heat resistance and thermal shock resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, small heat capacity, small specific gravity and strong corrosion resistance.
The lower box body 2 made of the composite material is formed in one step, so that the processing precision is high, the heat preservation performance is good, the flame retardance is good, and the forming structure is high; the heat insulation property of the composite material can reduce the influence of the environmental temperature on the temperature in the battery box, effectively solve the problem of condensation in the battery box and effectively avoid the safety risks of insulation failure and the like caused by condensed water; the inner container made of the composite material can also improve the corrosion resistance of the battery box and prolong the service life of the battery box.
In order to improve the heat preservation and insulation effect of the lower box body 2, aerogel can be added into the SMC composite material and the PCM composite material. Wherein, when the composite material of the lower box body 2 is a mixture of SMC composite material and aerogel, the mass ratio of aerogel to SMC composite material is preferably (0.5:99.5) - (1.5: 98.5); when the composite material of the lower box body 2 is a mixture of the PCM composite material and the aerogel, the mass ratio of the aerogel to the PCM composite material is (0.5:99.5) - (1.5: 98.5). The aerogel of above-mentioned proportion can be when guaranteeing box 2's intensity down, and the thermal-insulated fire prevention effect of heat preservation of box 2 avoids battery pack to fire the burning because of the high temperature down.
The foam material is filled between the bottom guard plate 5 and the outer bottom surface of the lower box body 2, the foam material is light in weight and can fill the bottom of the battery box, the problem that the strength of the lower box body 2 made of the composite material is not enough is solved, the integral rigidity of the battery box is improved, and the use requirement of the battery box is met.
Strengthening rib 3 and 2 integrative injection moulding of lower box, including following step:
s11, placing the reinforcing rib 3 into an injection mold, wherein the shape of a cavity formed by an inner cavity of the injection mold and the reinforcing rib 3 corresponds to the shape of the lower box body 2;
and S12, adding the raw material of the composite material into the inner cavity of the injection mold, and performing injection molding to form the lower box body 2.
After the reinforcing rib 3 and the lower box body 2 are integrally injection-molded, the preparation method of the battery box further comprises the following steps:
s21, sleeving the outer frame 4 on the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body 2, and bonding the outer frame 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body 2 through glue;
s22, the surface of the bottom protection plate 5 is arranged opposite to the outer bottom surface of the lower box body 2, the bottom protection plate 5 is fixed with the outer frame 4 through bolts, the lower box body 2 is located in a space enclosed by the bottom protection plate 5 and the outer frame 4, and a gap between the bottom protection plate 5 and the outer bottom surface of the lower box body 2 is filled with a foaming material.
In addition to the above preparation method, the following preparation method comprising the steps of:
s31, placing the reinforcing ribs 3, the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 into an injection mold, wherein the shape of a cavity formed by the inner cavity of the injection mold, the reinforcing ribs 3, the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 corresponds to the shape of the lower box body 2;
s32, adding raw materials of composite materials into the inner cavity of the injection mold, and performing injection molding to form the lower box body 2, wherein the reinforcing ribs 3 are positioned in the lower box body 2, and the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 are integrated with the lower box body 2.
By the preparation method, the lower box body 2, the reinforcing ribs 3, the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 can be directly integrated into a whole without further assembly.
The outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 may be made of metal, such as aluminum, steel, etc. When the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 are made of steel, the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 can be formed in a stamping mode; when the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 are made of aluminum, the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 can be formed by aluminum profile welding or aluminum casting.
In other embodiments, the lower case 2 made of the composite material may be used alone without providing the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5, as long as the strength requirement of the battery case is satisfied. Alternatively, the outer frame 4 may be omitted, and only the bottom guard 5 may be provided, and the surface of the bottom guard 5 may be attached and fixed to the outer bottom surface of the lower case 2. The outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 are used for making up the problem that the lower box body 2 made of the composite material is not high in strength, so that whether the outer frame 4 and the bottom guard plate 5 need to be arranged or not can be flexibly selected according to the strength requirement of the battery box.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper cover 1 is provided with a protrusion 11 protruding outward, and an inner space formed at a position of the protrusion 11 is large, so that a battery cell or other components with a large volume can be mounted.
As shown in fig. 10 to 11, a sealing strip 6 is provided between the upper cover 1 and the lower box body 2, and the sealing strip 6 seals a gap between the upper cover 1 and the lower box body 2, that is, the upper cover 1 covers the lower box body 2 and is connected with the lower box body 2 through the sealing strip 6. Wherein, the edge of the lower box body 2 extends outwards to be attached to the edge of the outer frame 4, and the sealing strip 6 is arranged between the edge of the lower box body 2 and the edge of the upper cover 1. The battery box is also provided with a plurality of connecting bolts 7, the connecting bolts 7 are arranged around the circumference of the sealing strip 6, and the connecting bolts 7 sequentially penetrate through the edge of the upper cover 1, the sealing strip 6, the edge of the lower box body 2 and the outer frame 4. Through the connecting structure, the upper cover 1, the sealing strip 6, the lower box body 2 and the outer frame 4 can be fixed together only by using the connecting bolt 7 without other connecting parts, and the connecting mode is simple and effective.
When the battery box is assembled, after the battery assembly and other parts in the lower box body 2 are installed, heat-conducting glue can be poured into the lower box body 2, and the heat-conducting glue is formed in the space between the lower box body 2 and the battery assembly. After the heat-conducting glue is solidified, the upper cover 1 is covered. The temperature of the inner space of the battery box is more uniform by arranging the heat-conducting glue in the lower box body 2; particularly, in the region near the battery pack where local high temperature is likely to occur, the temperature in this region can be transferred to another region by the heat conductive paste, and the temperature inside the battery box can be kept uniform.
Need be connected with the help of the encapsulating frock when filling the heat-conducting glue, the lower extreme of encapsulating frock is connected with the upper end of lower box 2, and the internal surface of encapsulating frock and the internal surface of lower box 2 can form sealed encapsulating space, and the encapsulating space is filled from the encapsulating hole of encapsulating frock to the heat-conducting glue, all is filled by the heat-conducting glue around the battery pack. The amount of the thermal conductive paste filled is preferably at least such that the filling height of the thermal conductive paste is equal to or slightly greater than the height of the battery assembly, so that the heat of the upper end of the battery assembly can be dissipated through the thermal conductive paste. After the heat-conducting glue solidifies, the glue pouring tool can be detached, and then the upper cover 1 and the lower box body 2 are fixedly connected to realize the sealing of the box body.
As shown in fig. 6, the inner bottom surface of the lower case 2 has a lattice structure 21, and the lattice structure 21 forms a receiving space for a plurality of battery modules. A plurality of battery components are respectively arranged in the grid structure 21, so that the battery components can be conveniently arranged and positioned, and the installation precision is improved. The grid bars of the grid structure 21 correspond to reinforcing ribs added to the lower case 2, and further enhance the strength of the lower case 2. Because the grid structure 21 has certain thickness, certain gaps are formed among the battery components, heat of the battery components is convenient to dissipate, and the influence on the service performance and the service life of the battery components caused by overheating of the battery components is avoided. The battery module that battery pack can constitute for a plurality of electric cores, in the battery box installation, constitutes battery module with a plurality of electric cores earlier, puts into grid structure 21 with battery module again. The number of the battery modules needing to be installed is small, the installation process of the battery box can be simplified, and the installation mode is simple and quick.
In addition, the battery box also comprises a heat exchange pipeline, the heat exchange pipeline is arranged in an internal space formed by the lower box body 2 and is arranged corresponding to the plurality of battery components fixed in the lower box body 2, and the heat exchange pipeline is used for circulating fluid to realize heat exchange between the heat exchange pipeline and the plurality of battery components, so that the temperature among the battery components is kept balanced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 12, the battery box further includes a plurality of mounting bars 8, and the mounting bars 8 can be fixed to the outer frame 4. The mounting bar 8 is used for mounting functional parts such as the guide mechanism 9, the lock shaft 10, the electrical connector 20, and the like. The guiding mechanism 9 is used for guiding the battery box in the replacement process, the lock shaft 10 is used for being matched with a lock mechanism fixed on the electric automobile to lock the battery box, and the electric connector 20 is used for being electrically connected with a vehicle-end electric connector or a station-end electric connector.
In another embodiment, if the outer frame 4 is not provided on the outer peripheral surface of the lower casing 2, the mounting bar 8 may be directly fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the lower casing 2.
As shown in fig. 4, an electrical connector 20 is disposed on an end surface of the lower housing 2, and the electrical connector 20 is used for electrically connecting with a vehicle-end electrical connector or a station-end electrical connector.
As shown in fig. 13 to 14, the guide mechanism 9 includes a guide block 91, the guide block 91 is fixed on the mounting bar 8, and the guide block 91 is used for cooperating with a guide fork on the battery replacement device to guide the position of the battery box, and the movement of the guide fork drives the battery box to move. In addition, the guide mechanism 9 further includes an elastic member 92 and a projection 93, a mounting space 94 for placing the elastic member 92 and the projection 93 is formed in the guide block 91, and the elastic member 92 applies a force to the projection 93, which force causes the projection 93 to always project outside the guide block 91 without being subjected to an external force.
When the battery box is mounted in the battery holder of the electric vehicle, the protrusion 93 is pressed by the battery holder. Under the action of the elastic member 92, the protrusion 93 abuts against the battery holder, so that the position of the battery box in the battery holder can be relatively fixed.
As shown in fig. 15 to 16, the lock shaft 10 includes a shaft fixing portion 101 and a shaft body 102, the shaft fixing portion 101 being fixed on the mounting bar 8, and the shaft body 102 being fixed on the shaft fixing portion 101 and protruding to the side of the battery case and for cooperating with the lock mechanism. The shaft body 102 can be matched with a lock mechanism of the electric automobile in the moving process of the battery box, so that the battery box and the battery automobile are locked.
The lock shaft 10 further comprises a sensing element 103, the sensing element 103 being arranged on the shaft body 102, the sensing element 103 being adapted to sense the position of the shaft body 102 during the entry of the shaft body 102 into the lock recess of the lock mechanism. When the battery box is mounted on the battery fixing seat, the sensor on the battery fixing seat detects the signal of the sensing element 103 to judge whether the shaft body 102 is in place, so that the battery box is mounted in place.
The shaft body 102 is further provided with a shaft sleeve 104 on the outside, the shaft sleeve 104 is sleeved on the outside of the shaft body 102, and the shaft sleeve 104 can rotate around the shaft body 102. The sleeve 104 rolls when in contact with other components, thereby counteracting some of the friction and extending the life of the lock shaft 10.
Example 2
Most of the structure of example 2 is the same as example 1 except that:
as shown in fig. 17 to 18, the battery assembly of the battery box may be a plurality of individually arranged battery cells 30, and the grid structure 21 on the inner bottom surface of the lower box 2 forms a receiving space matching the shape of a single battery cell 30. Correspondingly, the plurality of accommodating spaces of the grid structure 21 are formed by intersecting a plurality of grid bars, which are equivalent to reinforcing ribs on the lower box body 2, and further strengthen the strength of the lower box body 2. The battery cores 30 are independently arranged, so that the installation and positioning of each battery core 30 are facilitated, and the installation precision is improved; in addition, the mode does not need the intermediate process of forming the battery cell into the module, and the assembly process is simplified; moreover, components necessary for forming a module are removed, and the weight of the battery case is relatively reduced. The grid structure 21 ensures that the adjacent battery cores 30 have the same gap therebetween, thereby ensuring the encapsulation consistency of the heat-conducting glue, ensuring that each battery core 30 has a heat dissipation space, improving the heat dissipation effect of the plurality of battery cores 30 in the battery box and ensuring the heat dissipation performance. In the present embodiment, since the size of the single battery cell 30 is 70mm × 108mm × 150mm, the height of the grid structure 21 is designed to be 10mm, and the thickness of the grid structure 21 is 3 mm.
Example 3
Most of the structure of example 3 is the same as example 1 except that:
as shown in fig. 19, the battery box further includes a temperature adjusting member 40, the temperature adjusting member 40 is placed in the lower case 2, and the temperature adjusting member 40 is used for adjusting temperature change in the lower case 2. The temperature adjusting member 40 can absorb or release heat according to the internal temperature of the lower case 2 to adjust the temperature change in the battery case, so that the temperature inside the battery case can be controlled within a suitable range, and the efficiency of the battery case can be maximized.
The temperature adjusting members 40 are preferably uniformly arranged inside the lower case 2, so that each part inside the battery box can absorb heat and release heat through the temperature adjusting members 40, thereby ensuring the average heat inside the battery box.
The temperature adjusting member 40 is a phase change material or a mixture of a phase change material and aerogel. The phase change material can be used as a substance for absorbing and releasing heat, is easy to obtain and has low manufacturing cost.
According to the specifications of the battery core and the battery box, the quality of the phase-change material which is approximately needed can be calculated, so that the number and the layout of the temperature adjusting pieces 40 are reasonably distributed, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved. Specifically, the mass of the phase change material is calculated by the formula CFlat platemΔT＝kI2Rt+mPhase (C)HPhase (C)Wherein, CFlat plateIs the average specific heat capacity of the system [ kJ/(kg. K)]M is total system mass (kg), delta T is system change temperature (K), K is a correction parameter, I is system working current (A), R is total battery pack resistance (M omega), T is system working time (h), M is total system mass (kg), delta T is system change temperature (K), K is a correction parameter, M is total system working current (M omega), R is total battery pack resistance (M omega), T is system working time (h), and M is total system working time (h)Phase (C)Mass (kg) of phase change material, HPhase (C)The latent heat of phase change (kJ/kg).
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. A battery box, characterized in that the battery box comprises:
the lower box body is made of a composite material, and the composite material is one of an SMC composite material, a mixture of an SMC composite material and aerogel, a PCM composite material, a mixture of a PCM composite material and aerogel and a carbon fiber material;
and the reinforcing rib is arranged on the lower box body.
2. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing rib and the lower box body are integrally formed in an injection molding mode.
3. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the battery box also comprises a bottom guard plate, and the surface of the bottom guard plate is attached to and fixed with the outer bottom surface of the lower box body.
4. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the battery box also comprises an outer frame, the outer frame is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body, and the outer frame is fixed with the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body.
5. The battery box of claim 4, wherein: the battery box further comprises a bottom guard plate, the bottom guard plate is fixed with the outer frame, the lower box body is located in a space defined by the bottom guard plate and the outer frame, and the outer bottom surface of the lower box body is opposite to the surface of the bottom guard plate.
6. The battery box according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: and a foaming material is filled between the bottom protection plate and the outer bottom surface of the lower box body.
7. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the inner bottom surface of the lower box body is provided with a grid structure, and the grid structure forms a containing space of a plurality of battery components.
8. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the lower box body is also internally provided with heat-conducting glue, and the heat-conducting glue is formed in a space between the lower box body and the battery component.
9. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the battery box further comprises a temperature adjusting piece, the temperature adjusting piece is placed in the lower box body, and the temperature adjusting piece is used for adjusting the temperature change in the lower box body.
10. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the aerogel to the SMC composite in the mixture of SMC composite and aerogel is (0.5:99.5) - (1.5: 98.5); the mass ratio of the aerogel to the PCM composite in the mixture of the PCM composite and the aerogel is (0.5:99.5) - (1.5: 98.5).
11. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the battery box also comprises at least one mounting strip, the mounting strip is arranged around the peripheral surface of the lower box body, and the mounting strip is used for mounting at least one functional piece; the function piece is one of guiding mechanism, lock axle and electric connector, guiding mechanism is used for right the direction of battery box change in-process, the lock axle is used for cooperateing with the locking with the latch mechanism of fixing on the electric motor car the battery box, electric connector is used for realizing the electricity with car end electric connector or station end electric connector and is connected.
12. The battery box of claim 1, wherein: the battery box also comprises a heat exchange pipeline, the heat exchange pipeline is arranged in an internal space formed by the lower box body and is arranged corresponding to the plurality of battery components fixed in the lower box body, and the heat exchange pipeline is used for circulating fluid so as to realize heat exchange between the heat exchange pipeline and the plurality of battery components.
13. A method of manufacturing a battery case according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
placing the reinforcing rib into an injection mold, wherein the shape of a cavity formed by an inner cavity of the injection mold and the reinforcing rib corresponds to the shape of the lower box body;
and adding a raw material of a composite material into an inner cavity of the injection mold, and performing injection molding to form a lower box body.
14. The method of manufacturing a battery case according to claim 13,
adding a raw material of a composite material into an inner cavity of the injection mold, and performing injection molding to form a lower box body, and then, further comprising the following steps:
sleeving an outer frame on the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body, wherein the outer frame is bonded with the outer peripheral surface of the lower box body through glue;
the surface of a bottom guard plate is arranged opposite to the outer bottom surface of a lower box body, the bottom guard plate and the outer frame are fixed through bolts, and the lower box body is located in a space defined by the bottom guard plate and the outer frame.
CN202010507498.6A 2020-06-05 2020-06-05 Battery box and preparation method thereof Pending CN113839132A (en)

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CN110459715A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-11-15 台州市黄岩双盛塑模有限公司 A kind of composite material battery case
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206040779U (en) * 2016-10-12 2017-03-22 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Lower box and battery box
CN107331802A (en) * 2017-06-19 2017-11-07 惠州市海龙模具塑料制品有限公司 Battery case and its manufacture method
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