CN113838312A - Airport pavement safety early warning method, system, medium and terminal - Google Patents
Airport pavement safety early warning method, system, medium and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN113838312A CN113838312A CN202111108282.3A CN202111108282A CN113838312A CN 113838312 A CN113838312 A CN 113838312A CN 202111108282 A CN202111108282 A CN 202111108282A CN 113838312 A CN113838312 A CN 113838312A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0073—Surveillance aids
- G08G5/0086—Surveillance aids for monitoring terrain
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F11/00—Road engineering aspects of Embedding pads or other sensitive devices in paving or other road surfaces, e.g. traffic detectors, vehicle-operated pressure-sensitive actuators, devices for monitoring atmospheric or road conditions
Abstract
The invention provides an airport pavement safety early warning method, a system, a medium and a terminal, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring water film thickness measured data of an airport pavement and vibration data of a pavement slab; calculating and acquiring global water film thickness estimation data of the airport pavement based on the water film thickness measured data in combination with a mapping algorithm; acquiring airport pavement empty state data based on the vibration data; and carrying out safety early warning based on the global water film thickness estimation data and the airport pavement disengaging state data. The invention realizes real-time monitoring and safety early warning of the critical operation safety characters of the airport runway, such as the water film thickness, the airplane wheel track, the pavement structure state and the like, provides assistant decision information for runway operation, maintenance and the like, effectively improves the safety threshold degree and the operation efficiency of the runway, improves the refined scientific management and maintenance level of the runway, prolongs the service life of the runway, and reduces the life cycle cost of the runway operation based on the advanced intelligent sensing technologies of a remote sensing type water film thickness sensor, a distributed optical fiber and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of road engineering, in particular to a safety early warning method, a safety early warning system, a safety early warning medium and a safety early warning terminal for an airport pavement.
Background
In recent years, with the introduction of important strategies of countries such as the strong traffic country and the strong science and technology country, the development requirement of high-quality intellectualization is put forward for civil aviation of a new era, which is important for guaranteeing the performance safety and the operating environment safety of runway facilities.
At present, the skid resistance of the airport pavement and the board bottom disengaging state are key indexes influencing the seaworthiness safety of the runway. Under the wet and slippery state, the existence of surface ponding of road surface can make the frictional force of road surface reduce, reduces the braking effect of aircraft, still can cause the difficulty to the directional control of aircraft simultaneously, increases the emergence probability of safety risk accident. The influence of the plate bottom void on the structural performance of the concrete pavement is obvious, the severe plate bottom void can induce various diseases, including plate breakage, slab staggering, sinking and the like, and the service performance of the pavement is influenced, and researches show that the severe plate bottom void can cause the maximum load stress in the airport concrete pavement plate to be increased by 80%.
Therefore, the road surface wet and slippery and void state can be accurately detected and identified, safety assessment and risk early warning are carried out, structural damage of the concrete pavement can be effectively controlled, the safety threshold degree and the operation efficiency of the runway are improved, the service life of the runway is prolonged, the full life cycle cost of runway operation is reduced, and the method has important significance for improving the fine scientific management and maintenance level of civil aviation and promoting the construction of intelligent airports.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method, a system, a medium and a terminal for airport pavement safety precaution, which are used to solve the problems in the prior art.
To achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for security early warning of an airport pavement, comprising: acquiring water film thickness measured data of an airport pavement and vibration data of a pavement slab; calculating and acquiring global water film thickness estimation data of the airport pavement based on the water film thickness measured data in combination with a mapping algorithm; acquiring airport pavement empty state data based on the vibration data; and carrying out safety early warning based on the global water film thickness estimation data and the airport pavement disengaging state data.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the obtaining of the global water film thickness estimate data includes: constructing a shallow water equation based on the water film thickness measured data; solving the shallow water equation based on a finite volume method to obtain a global water film thickness calculation value; and correcting the calculated value of the global water film thickness based on a gradient descent method to obtain estimated data of the global water film thickness.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the obtaining of the airport pavement clearance state data includes: carrying out noise reduction pretreatment on the vibration data; obtaining a short-time zero crossing rate from the preprocessed vibration data, wherein the vibration data are obtained through distributed optical fibers of all monitoring nodes; combining the short-time zero-crossing rates of all monitoring nodes to obtain zero-crossing rate distribution; based on the peak value of the zero crossing rate distribution, extracting distributed monitoring nodes passing through the lower part of the airplane tire to obtain driving wheel track data of the airplane; and calculating and acquiring the airport pavement void state data by adopting a weighting frequency based on the driving wheel track data.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the shallow water equation comprises:
wherein h represents the water film thickness; u and v represent the components of the water velocity in the x and y directions, respectively; q. q.srIndicating the rainfall intensity; g represents the gravitational acceleration; s0Representing the source term of the bottom slope, S0,xAnd S0,yRepresenting its components in the x and y directions, respectively; sfThe term of the source of friction is represented,Sf,xand Sf,yRepresenting their components in the x and y directions, respectively.
To achieve the above and other related objects, a second aspect of the present invention provides an airport pavement safety precaution system, comprising: the data acquisition module is used for acquiring water film thickness measured data of the airport pavement and vibration data of the pavement slab; the analysis and calculation module is used for calculating and acquiring global water film thickness estimation data of the airport pavement based on the water film thickness measured data in combination with a mapping algorithm; acquiring airport pavement empty state data based on the vibration data; and the safety early warning module is used for carrying out safety early warning based on the global water film thickness estimated data and the airport pavement disengaging state data.
In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, the data acquisition module comprises: the remote sensing type water film thickness sensor is used for acquiring the water film thickness measured data of the airport pavement; a distributed optical fibre for collecting vibration data of the decking.
In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, the distribution optical fiber is arranged in a manner including: winding the optical fiber into a plurality of optical fiber coils; under the condition that the airport pavement is a cement pavement, sequentially binding the optical fiber rings on a steel bar net and obliquely arranging the optical fiber rings in a Z shape in a single plate of the cement pavement; and under the condition that the airport pavement is an asphalt pavement, the optical fiber rings are sequentially fixed on the water-stable base layer and are longitudinally arranged in a single plate of the asphalt pavement.
In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, the system comprises: and acquiring airplane type information and airplane driving wheel track information in real time based on the vibration data acquired by the optical fiber rings which are obliquely or longitudinally arranged in the Z shape.
To achieve the above objects and other related objects, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the airport pavement safety warning method.
To achieve the above and other related objects, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic terminal, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used for storing computer programs, and the processor is used for executing the computer programs stored by the memory so as to enable the terminal to execute the airport pavement safety early warning method.
The airport pavement safety early warning method, the airport pavement safety early warning system, the airport pavement safety early warning medium and the airport pavement safety early warning terminal have the following beneficial effects: based on advanced intelligent sensing technologies such as a remote sensing type water film thickness sensor and a distributed optical fiber, real-time monitoring and safety early warning of key operation safety characters of the airport runway such as water film thickness, airplane wheel tracks, runway surface structural states (a void state) and the like are realized, aid decision information is provided for runway operation, maintenance and the like, convenience is brought to daily management operation and maintenance work of the runway, the safety threshold degree and the operation efficiency of the runway are effectively improved, the refined scientific management and maintenance level of the runway is improved, the service life of the runway is prolonged, and the life cycle cost of the runway operation is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an airport pavement safety early warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an airport pavement safety warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a winding of a distributed optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic layout diagram of an airport pavement safety precaution system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a calculation process for solving the iterative water film thickness based on the finite volume method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating comparison between a model calculated value and an actual measured value of a water film thickness according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an airport pavement safety precaution system in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It is noted that in the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that mechanical, structural, electrical, and operational changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of embodiments of the present invention is defined only by the claims of the issued patent. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "lower," "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein to facilitate describing one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," "retained," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Also, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, operations, elements, components, items, species, and/or groups, but do not preclude the presence, or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, items, species, and/or groups thereof. The terms "or" and/or "as used herein are to be construed as inclusive or meaning any one or any combination. Thus, "A, B or C" or "A, B and/or C" means "any of the following: a; b; c; a and B; a and C; b and C; A. b and C ". An exception to this definition will occur only when a combination of elements, functions or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.
The invention provides an airport pavement safety early warning method, a system, a medium and a terminal, which are used for realizing real-time monitoring of airport runway operation safety key characters such as water film thickness, airplane wheel tracks, pavement structure states and the like based on advanced intelligent sensing technologies such as a remote sensing type water film thickness sensor, a distributed optical fiber and the like; the runway safety early warning platform is built to collect road surface property information in real time, highly integrate monitoring data, road surface states and operation environments, integrate business requirements of multiple parties, provide decision-making assisting information for runway operation, maintenance and the like, and bring convenience to daily management operation and maintenance work of the runway.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail by the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flow diagram of an airport pavement safety early warning method, which includes the following steps:
and S11, collecting actually measured water film thickness data of the airport pavement and vibration data of the pavement slab. In some examples, a remote sensing type water film thickness sensor is adopted to monitor and acquire water film thickness data and ice and snow state data of the road surface in real time. The ice and snow state data can be obtained by combining with temperature and humidity data of the road surface.
In some examples, the vibration data of the pavement slab can be collected through distributed optical fibers (vibration optical fibers) arranged on the airport runway, and the distributed optical fibers are flexible, small in size, corrosion-resistant and electromagnetic interference-resistant, and are particularly suitable for acquiring the vibration information of the airport runway surface in a long distance and large range.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the water film thickness sensor is an infrared laser sensor. In some examples, the arrangement mode of the water film thickness sensor comprises the following steps: determining the installation position of the sensor by combining the field pavement blocks according to the construction design drawing; grooving on the top surface of the base layer (for example, the groove width is 30mm, and the groove depth is 20mm), embedding the sensor cable into the groove after being packaged and protected by an MPP pipe, filling the gap with cement concrete, and finally connecting the sensor cable into the main cable; paving asphalt concrete, arranging a foldable rod at the arrangement point after the integral paving is finished, and fixing the foldable rod by using expansion bolts; fixing a remote sensing type water film thickness sensor on the easy-to-break rod, and adjusting the position and the angle of the sensor (for example, the integral height after the sensor is added does not exceed 40 cm; for example, the installation height of the sensor is kept between 30 and 40 cm); and the access cable supplies power to the sensor and debugs.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the distribution optical fiber is routed in a manner that includes: winding the optical fiber according to a preset length unit to form an optical fiber ring (for example, winding the optical fiber by taking 4m as a unit to form the optical fiber ring, wherein each coil has a diameter of 25cm, and the total number of the coils is four optical fibers); marking the position of the central line of the optical fiber access road surface on the runway, and burying an optical fiber outlet pipe; for a cement pavement embedding area, laying a split heads (the split heads are used in steel bar engineering and specially refer to a bracket for lifting upper steel bars in a concrete slab) and a steel bar mesh, wherein the height of the steel bar mesh is a certain distance (for example, not less than 5cm) away from a water stabilization layer; determining the interval of the optical fiber rings according to the size of the reinforcing mesh, sequentially binding the optical fiber rings on the reinforcing mesh, and obliquely arranging the optical fiber rings in a Z shape in a single cement pavement slab; for the asphalt pavement embedding area, fixing the optical fiber coil on the water-stable base layer by using a wire clip nail, a steel wire and marble glue, and longitudinally arranging the optical fiber coil in a single asphalt pavement plate; the method comprises the steps of utilizing an otdr (optical time-domain reflectometer, an optical time domain reflectometer, an instrument for analyzing a measurement curve and knowing a plurality of performances such as uniformity, defects, breakage, joint coupling and the like of an optical fiber) to check the loss of the optical fiber, and controlling the loss of the optical fiber within a preset range (such as 1.5dB/km or 1 dB/km); and covering the area distributed with the optical fibers with a cement concrete/gravel seal, and then pouring a cement/asphalt surface layer according to a conventional construction process.
S12, calculating and acquiring universe water film thickness estimated data of the airport pavement based on the water film thickness measured data and a mapping algorithm; and acquiring airport pavement empty state data based on the vibration data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining method of the global water film thickness estimation data includes: and constructing a shallow water equation based on the water film thickness measured data.
Specifically, the shallow water equation includes:
wherein h represents the thickness of the water film and the unit is m; u and v represent the components of the water velocity in the x and y directions, respectively, in m/s; q. q.srThe rainfall intensity is expressed in the unit of m/s; g represents the acceleration of gravity in m/s2；S0Representing the source term of the bottom slope, S0,xAnd S0,yRepresenting its components in the x and y directions, respectively; sfRepresenting the items of friction origin, Sf,xAnd Sf,yRepresenting their components in the x and y directions, respectively.
Calculating and acquiring a bottom slope source item based on the elevation data of the road surface, and calculating and acquiring a friction source item based on a Manning formula:
wherein z represents the elevation of the road surface, ncIndicating the manning coefficient.
Further, solving the shallow water equation based on a finite volume method to obtain a global water film thickness calculation value; and correcting the calculated value of the global water film thickness based on a gradient descent method to obtain estimated data of the global water film thickness. And the wet and slippery state and the safety risk of the road surface at the wheel track under the precipitation condition can be evaluated in real time based on the global water film thickness estimation data, so that information support is provided for safety evaluation and risk early warning of take-off and landing of the airplane.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the manner of acquiring the airport pavement clearance state data can be expressed as follows:
firstly, performing signal and processing, specifically, performing denoising preprocessing on the vibration data, for example, performing denoising processing on an acquired signal by using a stationary wavelet denoising method.
Then, the identification of the airplane driving wheel track is carried out, and before the condition that the bottom of a pavement slab (pavement slab) is empty is judged, the airplane driving position needs to be judged so as to eliminate the influence of the vibration mode of the airplane and obtain a slab free vibration area. Specifically, a short-time zero crossing rate is obtained from preprocessed vibration data, wherein the vibration data are obtained through distributed optical fibers of each monitoring node; combining the short-time zero-crossing rates of all monitoring nodes to obtain zero-crossing rate distribution; and extracting distributed monitoring nodes passing through the lower part of the tire to obtain the driving wheel track data of the tire based on the peak value of the zero crossing rate distribution.
And finally, analyzing and calculating the road empty condition. Specifically, based on the driving wheel track data, the airport pavement void state data is obtained by adopting weighted frequency calculation. The basic principle of determining the void state based on the vibration data is expressed as follows: the void causes a change in the support conditions of the decking structure and hence a change in the modal parameters of the structure, and so the modal parameters of the decking structure are obtained based on the vibration data obtained so that the void condition can be determined.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a vibration sensing system is used to collect vibration characteristics of each region of the pavement slab, and a spectrum analysis technique is used to extract a weighting frequency of a sensitive frequency band (a full-scale experiment of the pavement slab verifies that the weighting frequency of the frequency band of 20 to 150Hz has high sensitivity to void), so as to weight a frequency variation (Δ f)w) In order to monitor the indicators, the void condition of the area is monitored, thereby realizing the qualitative, positioning and quantitative identification of the void condition of the whole pavement slab.
Specifically, a "weighted frequency" is used to represent the distribution form of the frequency spectrum in a certain frequency band, and the definition formula is as follows:
wherein, s (f) represents the amplitude corresponding to the frequency f; f. oftRepresents an upper limit of the frequency band; f. ofkRepresenting the lower limit of the band.
Weighted frequency variation Δ fwiAs a monitoring index to characterize the void condition, the expression is as follows:
Δfwi＝fwi-fw0；
wherein, Δ fwiRepresenting the weighted frequency variation of the working condition i; f. ofwiA weighted frequency representing operating condition i; f. ofw0The weighting frequency (weighting frequency at the time of completion of new pavement) of the non-void space is shown.
Furthermore, when the frequency variation delta f is weighted, the method is combined with the technical specification of civil airport pavement evaluation management (MH-T5024-2009)wiAbove 35, there is a void in the bottom of the decking.
And S13, carrying out safety early warning based on the global water film thickness estimation data and the airport pavement disengaging state data. In some examples, the method comprises the steps of judging the wet and slippery risk level of each region of the airport pavement based on the global water film thickness estimation data (water film thickness, water film range, water film icing degree and the like), providing safety early warning for the aircraft based on a risk judgment result, reasonably planning a driving route for the aircraft, and sending prompt information to related personnel (airport managers, road maintenance personnel and the like).
In some examples, a pavement performance evaluation is performed on each area of the airport pavement based on the airport pavement void state data, wherein the road performance is related to a void location (a middle road segment has a greater influence on the pavement performance than an edge road segment) and a void range; and providing safety early warning for the aircraft based on the pavement performance evaluation result, reasonably planning a driving route for the aircraft, and sending prompt information to related personnel.
Furthermore, an evolution curve of the airport pavement void ratio is obtained based on the airport pavement void state data, a corresponding road maintenance plan is designated based on the evolution curve, and the working quality and the working efficiency are improved.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, information such as measured data of the distributed optical fiber, an evolution curve of the void ratio of the pavement slab, change information of the void state of the pavement slab bottom, measured data of the water film thickness sensor, change information of the water film thickness, a slippery risk level of each area, a road performance evaluation result of each area, and the like is displayed in the background system, and monitoring data is updated in real time.
And further, judging based on the global water film thickness estimation data and the airport pavement void state data, when the water film thickness and/or the void condition exceed a safety threshold, early warning in real time by a background system, displaying specific early warning information (early warning type, early warning position, risk level, operation reminding and the like) by a popup window, and providing an early warning relieving operation position. The system can also set the alarm threshold of the monitoring value in a self-defined mode, and when the monitoring value exceeds the alarm threshold, the early warning information can be prompted through a popup window. Real-time data can be viewed by clicking each monitoring point in the system, and the real-time data of all the monitoring points can be displayed in a list mode.
In some embodiments, the method may be applied to a controller, such as an arm (advanced RISC machines) controller, an fpga (field Programmable Gate array) controller, a soc (system on chip) controller, a dsp (digital Signal processing) controller, or an mcu (microcontroller unit) controller, among others. In some embodiments, the methods are also applicable to computers including components such as memory, memory controllers, one or more processing units (CPUs), peripheral interfaces, RF circuits, audio circuits, speakers, microphones, input/output (I/O) subsystems, display screens, other output or control devices, and external ports; the computer includes, but is not limited to, Personal computers such as desktop computers, notebook computers, tablet computers, smart phones, smart televisions, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), and the like. In other embodiments, the method may also be applied to servers, which may be arranged on one or more physical servers, or may be formed of a distributed or centralized cluster of servers, depending on various factors such as function, load, etc.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an airport pavement safety early warning system (runway cooperative early warning system), which includes: the monitoring large screen is used for displaying monitoring data, such as road surface wet and slippery state data, road surface void state data, on-board equipment state data, airplane type data, airplane wheel trace data and the like, can display real-time monitoring data of the sensor, can also display other data obtained based on analysis of the monitoring data, and can be used for adjusting the data type, the data time range and the like displayed by the monitoring large screen by a user according to requirements; the sensor management module is used for managing sensors in the system, such as a water film thickness sensor, a distributed optical fiber sensor and the like, and sending corresponding prompt information when detecting that the sensors are abnormal (such as signal connection interruption); the judging and evaluating module is used for judging the wet and slippery risk level of each region of the airport pavement based on the global water film thickness estimation data obtained by calculation and evaluating the pavement performance of each region of the airport pavement based on the airport pavement vacation state data obtained by calculation; the early warning module is used for early warning in real time when the thickness of the water film and/or the air-out condition exceeds a safety threshold, displaying specific early warning information (early warning type, early warning position, risk level, operation reminding and the like) through a pop-up window, providing an early warning relieving operation position and early warning in a sound, light, electric, character and other modes; and the system management module is used for model management (such as calculation model), authority management, user management and the like.
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment provides a schematic winding diagram of a distributed optical fiber, and the front end of the system is distributed in a concrete pavement slab and an asphalt runway by using distributed optical fibers (sensing optical fibers, vibration sensing optical fibers) in a coil manner. For example, the optical fiber is wound into optical fiber coils with 4m as a unit, the diameter of each optical fiber coil is 25cm, the total length of the optical fiber is not more than 5km, and the maximum loss of the optical fiber is 1 dB/km. The rear end of the system adopts a demodulator, vibration frequency spectrum characteristics of all regions of the pavement slab are acquired in a distributed mode, and the void condition of all regions is identified through demodulation and analysis, so that the void positioning identification is realized.
In some examples, the sensing optical fiber is embedded in the inside of the pavement, and the vibration state of the pavement under the excitation of the airplane is measured. The vibration optical fiber is arranged and the monitoring section is positioned at 400 meters, 500 meters and a taxiway at one end of an airport runway and covers the main take-off and landing area, the taxiway area and other gravity point monitoring sections of the airplane.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a layout schematic diagram of an airport pavement safety early warning system, wherein an optical fiber ring 41 is obliquely arranged in a single cement pavement plate in a zigzag manner, a water film thickness sensor 42 is fixed on an easy-to-fold rod at a layout point, and a background 43 receives vibration data of the optical fiber ring and data acquired by the water film thickness sensor, and performs analysis and calculation, so that not only a pavement slippery state and a pavement structure state (void state) can be monitored, but also model measurement and airplane trajectory measurement can be considered. The airplane running track recognition effect under the embodiment is good, the positioning error is more than 0.1-0.8 m, the maximum positioning error is 1.4m, the overall average positioning error is 0.3670m, and the system has good positioning accuracy.
Further, the airport pavement void condition is analyzed and calculated. Specifically, vibration signals of the airplane with two-day tracks and approximate speeds, which are caused by passing through a section, are selected for identifying plate bottom void, the used acquisition points comprise 24 measurement points in 12 plate angles, 8 plates and 4 plates, and the characteristic frequencies (weighted frequency measurement values) measured by each measurement point for two days are shown in table 1. It is calculated that the weighted frequency variation does not satisfy the empty condition, and thus the airport pavement condition of this example is judged to be healthy.
TABLE 1 weighted frequency measurements for each station
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water film thickness sensor is used to acquire measured water film thickness data in real time, estimate the water film thickness of the runway universe based on the shallow water equation, solve the equation by a finite volume method, and correct the calculated value by a gradient descent method, thereby acquiring estimated global water film thickness data of the airport pavement. Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a calculation process for solving the iterative water film thickness based on the finite volume method, and fig. 6 shows a comparison schematic diagram of a model calculated value and an actual measured value. The calculation result shows that the goodness of fit between the calculated value and the measured value of the model is high, the average error between the calculated value and the measured value is less than 0.3mm, and the estimated result can accurately calculate the water film thickness value inside the runway.
In conclusion, the embodiment realizes real-time monitoring of the critical safety properties of the operation of the airport runway, such as the thickness of a water film, the wheel tracks of an airplane, the structural state of a road surface and the like, can effectively improve the safety threshold degree and the operation efficiency of the runway, improves the refined scientific management and maintenance level of the runway, prolongs the service life of the runway, and reduces the life cycle cost of the operation of the runway.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an airport pavement safety early warning system, which includes: the data acquisition module 71 is used for acquiring the actually measured water film thickness data of the airport pavement and the vibration data of the pavement slab; the analysis and calculation module 72 is used for calculating and acquiring global water film thickness estimation data of the airport pavement based on the water film thickness measured data in combination with a mapping algorithm; acquiring airport pavement empty state data based on the vibration data; and the safety early warning module 73 is used for carrying out safety early warning based on the global water film thickness estimated data and the airport pavement disengaging state data.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the data acquisition module 71 includes: the remote sensing type water film thickness sensor is used for acquiring water film thickness measured data of the airport pavement; a distributed optical fibre for collecting vibration data of the decking. The distribution type optical fiber distribution mode comprises the following steps: winding the optical fiber into a plurality of optical fiber coils; under the condition that the airport pavement is a cement pavement, sequentially binding the optical fiber rings on a steel bar net and obliquely arranging the optical fiber rings in a Z shape in a single plate of the cement pavement; and under the condition that the airport pavement is an asphalt pavement, the optical fiber rings are sequentially fixed on the water-stable base layer and are longitudinally arranged in a single plate of the asphalt pavement.
And further, acquiring airplane type information and airplane track information in real time based on the vibration data acquired by the optical fiber rings which are obliquely or longitudinally distributed in the Z shape. Specifically, a short-time zero crossing rate is obtained from vibration data, wherein the vibration data are obtained through distributed optical fibers of all monitoring nodes; combining the short-time zero-crossing rates of all monitoring nodes to obtain zero-crossing rate distribution; and extracting distributed monitoring nodes passing through the lower part of the tire to obtain airplane model information and airplane track information based on the peak value of the zero crossing rate distribution.
In some examples, the analysis and calculation module comprises a demodulator, and the vibration spectrum characteristics of all the areas of the pavement slab are distributively collected, so that the void condition of all the areas can be identified through analysis of the demodulation system, and the location identification of the void is realized.
It should be noted that the modules provided in this embodiment are similar to the methods and embodiments provided above, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. It should be noted that the division of the modules of the above apparatus is only a logical division, and the actual implementation may be wholly or partially integrated into one physical entity, or may be physically separated. And these modules can be realized in the form of software called by processing element; or may be implemented entirely in hardware; and part of the modules can be realized in the form of calling software by the processing element, and part of the modules can be realized in the form of hardware. For example, the safety precaution module may be a processing element separately set up, or may be implemented by being integrated in a chip of the apparatus, or may be stored in a memory of the apparatus in the form of program code, and a processing element of the apparatus calls and executes the functions of the safety precaution module. Other modules are implemented similarly. In addition, all or part of the modules can be integrated together or can be independently realized. The processing element described herein may be an integrated circuit having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method or each module above may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element or an instruction in the form of software.
For example, the above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as: one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more microprocessors (DSPs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), among others. For another example, when one of the above modules is implemented in the form of a Processing element scheduler code, the Processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other processor capable of calling program code. For another example, these modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
Example four
An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for performing airport pavement safety warning.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with a computer program. The aforementioned computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an electronic terminal. The electronic terminal provided by the embodiment comprises: a processor 81, a memory 82, a communicator 83; the memory 82 is connected with the processor 81 and the communicator 83 through a system bus and completes mutual communication, the memory 82 is used for storing computer programs, the communicator 83 is used for communicating with other devices, and the processor 81 is used for operating the computer programs, so that the electronic terminal executes the steps of the airport pavement safety early warning method.
The above-mentioned system bus may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The system bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. The communication interface is used for realizing communication between the database access device and other devices (such as a client, a read-write library and a read-only library). The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM), and may further include a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory.
The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, and includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; the device can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component.
In summary, the invention provides an airport pavement safety early warning method, an airport pavement safety early warning system, an airport pavement safety early warning medium and an airport pavement safety early warning terminal, which are based on advanced intelligent sensing technologies such as a remote sensing type water film thickness sensor, a distributed optical fiber and the like, realize real-time monitoring and safety early warning of airport runway operation safety key characters such as water film thickness, airplane wheel tracks, pavement structure states (a void state) and the like, provide decision-making assisting information for runway operation, maintenance and the like, bring convenience for daily management, operation and maintenance work of the runway, effectively improve safety threshold degree and operation efficiency of the runway, improve refined scientific management and maintenance level of the runway, prolong the service life of the runway and reduce the whole life cycle cost of runway operation. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has a high industrial utility value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An airport pavement safety early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring water film thickness measured data of an airport pavement and vibration data of a pavement slab;
calculating and acquiring global water film thickness estimation data of the airport pavement based on the water film thickness measured data in combination with a mapping algorithm; acquiring airport pavement empty state data based on the vibration data;
and carrying out safety early warning based on the global water film thickness estimation data and the airport pavement disengaging state data.
2. The airport pavement safety pre-warning method of claim 1, wherein the global water film thickness prediction data is obtained by a method comprising:
constructing a shallow water equation based on the water film thickness measured data;
solving the shallow water equation based on a finite volume method to obtain a global water film thickness calculation value;
and correcting the calculated value of the global water film thickness based on a gradient descent method to obtain estimated data of the global water film thickness.
3. The airport pavement safety precaution method of claim 1, wherein said airport pavement clearance state data is obtained in a manner comprising:
carrying out noise reduction pretreatment on the vibration data;
obtaining a short-time zero crossing rate from the preprocessed vibration data, wherein the vibration data are obtained through distributed optical fibers of all monitoring nodes;
combining the short-time zero-crossing rates of all monitoring nodes to obtain zero-crossing rate distribution;
based on the peak value of the zero crossing rate distribution, extracting distributed monitoring nodes passing through the lower part of the airplane tire to obtain driving wheel track data of the airplane;
and calculating and acquiring the airport pavement void state data by adopting a weighting frequency based on the driving wheel track data.
4. The airport pavement safety precaution method of claim 2, wherein the shallow water equation comprises:
wherein h represents the water film thickness; u and v represent the components of the water velocity in the x and y directions, respectively; q. q.srIndicating the rainfall intensity; g represents the gravitational acceleration; s0Representing the source term of the bottom slope, S0,xAnd S0,yRepresenting its components in the x and y directions, respectively; sfRepresenting the items of friction origin, Sf,xAnd Sf,yRepresenting their components in the x and y directions, respectively。
5. An airport pavement safety precaution system, its characterized in that includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring water film thickness measured data of the airport pavement and vibration data of the pavement slab;
the analysis and calculation module is used for calculating and acquiring global water film thickness estimation data of the airport pavement based on the water film thickness measured data in combination with a mapping algorithm; acquiring airport pavement empty state data based on the vibration data;
and the safety early warning module is used for carrying out safety early warning based on the global water film thickness estimated data and the airport pavement disengaging state data.
6. The airport pavement safety warning system of claim 5, wherein the data acquisition module comprises:
the remote sensing type water film thickness sensor is used for acquiring the water film thickness measured data of the airport pavement;
a distributed optical fibre for collecting vibration data of the decking.
7. The airport pavement safety precaution system of claim 6, wherein said distributed optical fiber is deployed in a manner comprising:
winding the optical fiber into a plurality of optical fiber coils;
under the condition that the airport pavement is a cement pavement, sequentially binding the optical fiber rings on a steel bar net and obliquely arranging the optical fiber rings in a Z shape in a single plate of the cement pavement;
and under the condition that the airport pavement is an asphalt pavement, the optical fiber rings are sequentially fixed on the water-stable base layer and are longitudinally arranged in a single plate of the asphalt pavement.
8. The airport pavement safety precaution system of claim 7, comprising:
and acquiring airplane type information and airplane driving wheel track information in real time based on the vibration data acquired by the optical fiber rings which are obliquely or longitudinally arranged in the Z shape.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the airport pavement safety warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. An electronic terminal, comprising: a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the processor is used for executing the computer program stored by the memory to enable the terminal to execute the airport pavement safety pre-warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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