CN113836715B - Forging deformation process test method - Google Patents
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- CN113836715B CN113836715B CN202111107139.2A CN202111107139A CN113836715B CN 113836715 B CN113836715 B CN 113836715B CN 202111107139 A CN202111107139 A CN 202111107139A CN 113836715 B CN113836715 B CN 113836715B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a forging deformation process test method, which comprises the following steps: A. performing numerical simulation on the bar upsetting process to obtain the equivalent strain field distribution condition of the forging; B. determining a region with the same deformation amount as the engineering deformation amount corresponding to the equivalent strain field according to the strain field distribution condition, and determining a sampling region in the region; C. repeating step A, B to obtain a proper bar diameter and thickness and a sampling area; D. c, blanking according to the diameter and thickness of the bar obtained in the step C, and forging a upsetting cake according to the set deformation to obtain a forging piece; E. sampling in a sampling area and carrying out mechanical property test to obtain the relation between the deformation and the tissue property. The invention samples and detects in the sampling area with the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation being uniform and consistent, avoids the influence of different deformation on the tissue performance, and can accurately establish the relationship between the deformation and the tissue performance so as to guide the actual production and obtain the optimal tissue performance of the forging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging tests, in particular to a forging deformation process test method.
Background
In order to obtain the best structural performance, forging process test research is usually needed to obtain the best forging process parameters. The existing forging deformation process test usually needs to calculate engineering deformation first and then calculate equivalent strain quantity in combination with numerical simulation, find out the corresponding relation between engineering strain and equivalent strain, determine a proper deformation window, and for the test with complex deformation process, it is often difficult to accurately judge deformation or equivalent strain, it is much less easy to establish the relation between deformation and tissue performance, and often cause the deviation of test results from actual rules.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a forging deformation process test method, which is easy to establish a corresponding relation between engineering strain and equivalent strain, thereby accurately establishing a relation between deformation and structural performance so as to guide actual production and obtain the optimal structural performance of the forging.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the forging deformation process test method comprises the following steps:
A. selecting a bar as a test material, performing numerical simulation on a bar upsetting process, and obtaining the equivalent strain field distribution condition of the forging after upsetting deformation reaches engineering deformation;
B. determining a region with the same deformation amount as the engineering deformation amount corresponding to the equivalent strain field according to the strain field distribution condition, and determining a sampling region in the region;
C. repeating the step A, B, repeatedly optimizing and iterating in the numerical simulation process to obtain proper bar diameter and thickness, and obtaining a sampling area with the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation being uniform and consistent;
D. c, blanking according to the diameter and thickness of the bar obtained in the step C, and forging a upsetting cake according to the set deformation to obtain a forging piece;
E. c, sampling on the forging piece and carrying out mechanical property test, wherein the sampling position is positioned in the sampling area in the step C;
F. and according to the statistical analysis of the mechanical property test result, obtaining the relation between the deformation and the tissue property, identifying the optimal performance, and determining the technological parameters of the optimal forging deformation.
Further, in the step A, the diameter of the bar is greater than or equal to 200mm, and the length is greater than or equal to 50mm.
Further, in step a, the engineering deformation amount is 10% to 80%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention samples and detects in the sampling area with the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation being uniform and consistent, avoids the influence of different deformation on the tissue performance, and can accurately establish the relationship between the deformation and the tissue performance so as to guide the actual production and obtain the optimal tissue performance of the forging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rod;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a forging after deformation of a upsetting press;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the cross-sectional equivalent strain fields corresponding to the example 20% engineering deformation in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sampling area corresponding to an engineering deformation of example 20% in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the cross-sectional equivalent strain field corresponding to an example 50% engineering deflection in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a sample area corresponding to an example 50% engineering deflection in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
The forging deformation process test method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of:
A. bar stock was chosen as the test material, as shown in fig. 1, with a diameter greater than or equal to 200mm and a length greater than or equal to 50mm, and the deformation of the material was tested using the most common upsetting forging.
And carrying out numerical simulation on the bar upsetting process, obtaining the forging shown in the figure 2 after upsetting deformation reaches the engineering deformation, and determining the equivalent strain field distribution condition of the forging, wherein the engineering deformation can be between 10% and 80%. The numerical simulation is performed in numerical simulation software, so that the upsetting process of the bar can be simulated, and various parameters such as bar size, forging deformation, forging pressure, forging temperature and the like can be conveniently adjusted to obtain forgings with different performances. In addition, the numerical simulation software can also automatically generate an equivalent strain field distribution diagram of the forging.
B. And determining a region with the same deformation amount as the engineering deformation amount corresponding to the equivalent strain field according to the strain field distribution condition of the forging, and determining a sampling region in the region. Because the numerical simulation simulates the forging process under the ideal condition, and the actual forging process is influenced by factors such as friction force, the numerical simulation is different from the actual forging condition to a certain extent, so that the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation cannot be completely the same, and therefore, the area with the same deformation corresponding to the effective strain field and the engineering deformation is determined manually.
C. And (5) repeating the step A, B, repeatedly optimizing and iterating in the numerical simulation process to obtain the proper diameter and thickness of the bar, and obtaining a sampling area with the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation being uniform and consistent. The diameter and thickness of the bar stock and other forging process parameters are adjusted for multiple times, so that the better forging process parameters are obtained, and the accuracy of the sampling area and the size of the sampling area are ensured to meet the sampling requirement by determining the sampling area with the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation being uniform and consistent for multiple times. In addition, sampling areas corresponding to various engineering deformation amounts can be determined.
D. C, blanking according to the diameter and thickness of the bar obtained in the step C, and forging a upsetting cake according to the set deformation to obtain the forging piece. The forging process is the same as the forging process obtained by optimizing and iterating in the step C, so that errors of numerical simulation and actual forging are reduced, and the accuracy of the test is improved.
E. And C, sampling on the forging piece, and carrying out mechanical property test, wherein the sampling position is positioned in the sampling area in the step C. The sampling is carried out in the sampling area where the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation are uniform and consistent, so that the influence of various factors on the sample performance in the actual forging process is eliminated, the uniform and consistent engineering deformation of the sample and the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field are ensured, the influence of different deformation on the tissue performance is avoided, the relation between the deformation and the tissue performance can be accurately established, the actual production is guided, and the optimal tissue performance of the forging is obtained.
F. And according to the statistical analysis of the mechanical property test result, obtaining the relation between the deformation and the tissue property, identifying the optimal performance, and determining the technological parameters of the optimal forging deformation.
The present invention will be further described below by taking a certain TB18 titanium alloy as an example
Example 1
A. Selecting a bar as a test material, performing numerical simulation on a bar upsetting process, setting an engineering deformation amount to 20%, and obtaining an equivalent strain field distribution condition of the forging piece after upsetting deformation reaches the engineering deformation amount;
B. determining a region with the same deformation amount as the engineering deformation amount corresponding to the equivalent strain field according to the strain field distribution condition, and determining a sampling region in the region;
C. repeating the step A, B, repeatedly optimizing and iterating in the numerical simulation process to obtain the bar specification of phi 300 multiplied by 70mm, and deforming the bar thickness from 70mm to 56mm to achieve the set engineering deformation amount to obtain the equivalent strain field distribution diagram of the forging shown in fig. 3, wherein fig. 3 shows that the equivalent strain of most areas is distributed in 0.218-0.243, the deformation amount calculated by the effect change conversion is 19.6-21.5%, and the deformation amount is basically consistent with the engineering deformation amount, so that the area with the equivalent strain of 0.218-0.243 can be used as a sampling area, and the sampling area is in a circular ring shape as shown in fig. 4.
D. And C, sawing a TB18 titanium alloy bar with phi 300 multiplied by 70mm, controlling the thickness tolerance of the sawed bar within +/-1 mm, and forging a pier cake on the bar by adopting the forging process optimized in the step C until the thickness of the bar is reduced to 56mm, wherein the engineering deformation is 20%.
E. The forging is heat treated, then sampled in a sampling area as shown in fig. 4, and the samples are subjected to mechanical property test.
F. And according to the statistical analysis of the mechanical property test result, obtaining the relation between the deformation and the tissue property, identifying the optimal performance, and determining the technological parameters of the optimal forging deformation.
Example two
A. Selecting a bar as a test material, performing numerical simulation on a bar upsetting process, setting an engineering deformation amount to be 50%, and obtaining an equivalent strain field distribution condition of the forging piece after upsetting deformation reaches the engineering deformation amount;
B. determining a region with the same deformation amount as the engineering deformation amount corresponding to the equivalent strain field according to the strain field distribution condition, and determining a sampling region in the region;
C. repeating the step A, B, repeatedly optimizing and iterating in the numerical simulation process to obtain the bar specification of phi 300 multiplied by 70mm, and deforming the bar thickness from 70mm to 35mm to achieve the set engineering deformation amount to obtain the equivalent strain field distribution diagram of the forging shown in fig. 5, wherein fig. 5 shows that the equivalent strain of most areas is distributed in the range of 0.705-0.734, the deformation amount calculated by the effect change conversion is 50.5-52% and is basically consistent with the engineering deformation amount, so that the area with the equivalent strain of 0.705-0.734 can be used as a sampling area, and the sampling area is in a circular shape as shown in fig. 6.
D. And C, sawing a TB18 titanium alloy bar with phi 300 multiplied by 70mm, controlling the thickness tolerance of the sawed bar within +/-1 mm, and forging a pier cake on the bar by adopting the forging process optimized in the step C until the thickness of the bar is reduced to 35mm, wherein the engineering deformation is 50%.
E. The forging is heat treated, then sampled in a sampling area as shown in fig. 6, and the samples are subjected to mechanical property test.
F. And according to the statistical analysis of the mechanical property test result, obtaining the relation between the deformation and the tissue property, identifying the optimal performance, and determining the technological parameters of the optimal forging deformation.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The forging deformation process test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. selecting a bar as a test material, performing numerical simulation on a bar upsetting process, and obtaining the equivalent strain field distribution condition of the forging after upsetting deformation reaches engineering deformation;
B. determining a region with the same deformation amount as the engineering deformation amount corresponding to the equivalent strain field according to the strain field distribution condition, and determining a sampling region in the region;
C. repeating the step A, B, and adjusting the diameter and the thickness of the bar stock for a plurality of times in the numerical simulation process to obtain the proper diameter and the thickness of the bar stock, and obtaining a sampling area with the deformation corresponding to the equivalent strain field and the engineering deformation being uniform and consistent;
D. c, blanking according to the diameter and thickness of the bar obtained in the step C, and forging a upsetting cake according to the set deformation to obtain a forging piece;
E. c, sampling on the forging piece and carrying out mechanical property test, wherein the sampling position is positioned in the sampling area in the step C;
F. and according to the statistical analysis of the mechanical property test result, obtaining the relation between the deformation and the tissue property, identifying the optimal performance, and determining the technological parameters of the optimal forging deformation.
2. The forging deformation process test method as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step A, the diameter of the bar stock is larger than or equal to 200mm, and the length is larger than or equal to 50mm.
3. The forging deformation process test method as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step A, the engineering deformation amount is 10 to 80 percent.
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