CN113833719B - Electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for marine navigation body - Google Patents
Electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for marine navigation body Download PDFInfo
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- CN113833719B CN113833719B CN202111081852.4A CN202111081852A CN113833719B CN 113833719 B CN113833719 B CN 113833719B CN 202111081852 A CN202111081852 A CN 202111081852A CN 113833719 B CN113833719 B CN 113833719B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
- F15D1/002—Influencing flow of fluids by influencing the boundary layer
- F15D1/0025—Influencing flow of fluids by influencing the boundary layer using passive means, i.e. without external energy supply
- F15D1/003—Influencing flow of fluids by influencing the boundary layer using passive means, i.e. without external energy supply comprising surface features, e.g. indentations or protrusions
- F15D1/0035—Influencing flow of fluids by influencing the boundary layer using passive means, i.e. without external energy supply comprising surface features, e.g. indentations or protrusions in the form of riblets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for a marine navigation body, which comprises a fixed frame, a magnet, a metal electrode plate, a stabilized voltage power supply and a plurality of wires. A single magnet is an oblique cuboid, a plurality of circular grooves are formed in the inclined plane of the magnet, a V-shaped surface, namely a groove surface, is formed by combining a plurality of magnets, the magnets are arranged in a fixed frame in a fractional row, and the polarities of two adjacent magnets in the same row are the same. And metal electrode plates are arranged among the magnets in each row in an inserting way, and the polarities of the metal electrode plates in each row are the same. Through the cooperation of the fixed frame, the height of the metal electrode plate is consistent with the height of the upper surface of the magnet. The metal electrode plate is connected with a regulated power supply through a lead. The number and polarity of rows of magnets and electrodes are strictly in accordance with the parametric design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flow control, in particular to an electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for a marine navigation body.
Background
The boundary layer formed by the viscous fluid on the surface of the moving object can slow down the object, produce vibrations and even destabilization, which are often undesirable and which can generally be suppressed by flow control. A power propelled object, by effective control of its surface boundary layer, can increase propulsion efficiency, increase stability of motion, reduce accidental deformation and damage, which are very valuable for improving the performance of an aircraft, ship, missile or general projectile.
Flow control methods can be broadly classified into active control methods and passive control methods according to whether energy is required to be input into a flow field.
The electromagnetic force flow control technology is an active control method, and the basic principle is that electromagnetic pole plates are formed into electromagnetic excitation plates according to a specific arrangement mode, and after being electrified, local electromagnetic force can be formed in corresponding areas in a weak conductive solution (such as seawater). The force can change the flow speed and the structure of the wall surface boundary layer, thereby influencing the wall surface resistance to realize the functions of resistance reduction and the like.
The microbubble drag reduction technology is also one of the representative methods in the active control method, and for the mechanism, the current main view points that the microbubbles can realize drag reduction are that the microbubbles can change the effective viscosity and density of local fluid, weaken momentum exchange between a turbulence quasi-sequence structure and a wall surface and change a flow structure of a near-wall area, thereby realizing drag reduction.
The groove surface has been widely studied since the last 80 century as a classical passive control method, and the difference in geometry and the corresponding geometrical parameters produce significant changes in flow field, especially near-wall regions, to achieve drag reduction.
Among the three flow control methods, the electromagnetic force control method has good resistance reduction effect, but also has the problems that the requirements on flow control parameters are too strict, and the resistance reduction effect is greatly reduced and even increased along with the increase of the Reynolds number of a flow field. The microbubble method is also remarkable in drag reduction effect under ideal conditions, but the drag reduction effect is not stable due to the dissipation characteristics of the bubbles themselves. The surface method of the groove does not need to input energy into a flow field, although energy is saved, the resistance reducing effect is mostly not obvious, and in practical engineering application, the groove is generally small in geometric dimension and is easily blocked by impurities in water, so that the resistance reducing function is lost. In addition, most of the flow drag reduction methods studied rapidly attenuate the drag reduction effect as the reynolds number of the flow increases.
Different advantages and disadvantages exist for different flow control drag reduction methods, and if different control methods can be combined and embodied into one device, the complementary deficiency can further promote the application of the flow control technology in specific engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic-groove composite drag reduction device for a marine navigation body, which generates micro bubbles by utilizing the electrolysis action of current on electrolyte (seawater), optimizes the surface drag reduction design of the marine navigation body by utilizing the mechanical action of electromagnetic force on current and the action of the groove surface on near-wall turbulence, and achieves the effects of acceleration, range extension and energy conservation.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for a marine navigation body comprises a fixed frame, an oblique cuboid magnet, a metal electrode plate, a voltage-stabilized power supply and a plurality of leads; the device is integrally installed on the lower surface of a navigation body in a semi-embedded mode, one surface with a groove faces outwards, and the wave trough of the groove is flush with the surface of the navigation body;
the fixed frame is of a box-packed structure, the bottom of the fixed frame is provided with a V-shaped groove, the arrangement mode of the grooves is that one line is high and called as a high groove, and the other line is low and called as a low groove, the fixed frame is arranged at the bottom of the navigation body when in use and is fixedly connected with the navigation body, and the uncovered surface is that the V-shaped groove faces outwards; the oblique cuboid magnets are arranged in the low grooves of the fixed frame in a fractional row mode and fixedly connected with the fixed frame, and the upper surfaces of the magnets are as high as the surfaces of the high grooves after being arranged; a circular groove is arranged on the inclined surface of the inclined cuboid magnet; between each row of the oblique cuboid magnets, metal electrode plates are inserted and installed on the high groove oblique planes of the fixed frame, and the metal electrode plates are tightly attached to the high grooves of the fixed frame; the metal electrode plate is connected with an external voltage-stabilized power supply through a lead.
The fixed frame is made of insulating materials, and a V-shaped groove lower groove which is consistent with the shape of the oblique cuboid magnet is reserved; a high groove part for fixing the frame is arranged between every two rows of the oblique cuboid magnets, and the upper surfaces of the high groove parts are processed to be consistent with the shapes of the upper surfaces of the oblique cuboid magnets.
The oblique cuboid magnet is a cylinder with a parallelogram-shaped cross section, a plurality of circular grooves are processed on the inclined plane of the oblique cuboid magnet, and the magnetic induction line direction is ensured to be vertical to the inclined plane when the oblique cuboid magnet is magnetized; the oblique cuboid magnets form a V-shaped surface through combination, and the polarities of the oblique cuboid magnets in the same row are the same; the height of the inclined surface of a single inclined cuboid magnet determines the amplitude of the V-shaped grooves, the transverse width, namely the spanwise width, determines the transverse wave number of the V-shaped grooves, the wave number is preferably ensured to be an integer, the wave number and the transverse wave number determine the arrangement period of the electromagnetic force along the longitudinal direction, and the arrangement period is preferably ensured to be an integer.
The circular groove is formed by processing the inclined plane of the oblique cuboid magnet.
The polarities of the metal electrode plates in each row are the same, the height of the metal electrode plates is consistent with the height of the upper surface of the magnet through the matching of the fixing frame, and the metal electrode plates are tightly attached to the fixing frame through an adhesive; and mounting the metal electrode plates in a split manner, adhering one metal electrode plate to the inclined plane of each high groove, wherein the length and width of each metal electrode plate are 0.2cm smaller than the inclined plane of the magnet.
The oblique cuboid magnet and the metal electrode plates are required to be arranged according to a set sequence, and the longitudinal direction, namely the flow direction, sequentially comprises a metal electrode plate plus pole, an oblique cuboid magnet N pole, a metal electrode plate minus pole, an oblique cuboid magnet S pole, a metal electrode plate minus pole, an oblique cuboid magnet N pole, a metal electrode plate plus pole and an oblique cuboid magnet S pole, wherein the arrangement period is 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) The arrangement mode of the magnets and the electrodes can enable the magnetic field to generate electromagnetic force along the wall surface of the groove along the direction of flow direction periodic change on electrified seawater, and can induce the generation of periodically changed positive and negative staggered normal speed on the surface of the seawater under the dual action of the groove and the electromagnetic force, so that a stable and regular flow direction vortex structure is generated, and the turbulence resistance is greatly reduced. The resistance reduction stability is superior to that of the electromagnetic force which is independently adopted, the resistance reduction effect is better than that of the electromagnetic force which is independently adopted, and the resistance reduction effect is far superior to that of the groove surface which is independently adopted. Due to the stability of the drag reduction mechanism, the drag reduction effect is weaker along with the rise of the Reynolds number.
(2) The design idea of the electrode can generate ionization action on seawater to generate micro bubbles when the electrode is contacted with seawater (electrolyte), and the micro bubbles are stuck to the surface of the groove and reside in the circular groove on the surface under the action of buoyancy, so that the stability of the micro bubbles is improved, and the drag reduction effect is further improved.
(3) Because the electromagnetic force has obvious spanwise component, obvious spanwise speed is formed on the surface of the groove, and when the aerodyne moves, under the double-flushing of the flow direction speed and the spanwise speed of the fluid, impurities are not easy to accumulate in the groove, so that the service life of the drag reduction device is prolonged.
Drawings
Figure 1 is an isometric view of the present invention in its entirety.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a left side sectional view and a front view of a single magnet of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for an offshore navigation body, which comprises a fixed frame, a magnet, a metal electrode plate, a voltage-stabilized power supply and a plurality of leads. A single magnet is oblique cuboid, and sets up a plurality of circular recess on the magnet inclined plane, forms "V" type surface through a plurality of magnet combinations, and the score is gone and is installed in fixed frame, and two adjacent magnet polarity in same line are the same. And metal electrode plates are arranged between the magnets in each row in an inserting mode, and the polarities of the metal electrode plates in each row are the same. Through the cooperation of the fixed frame, the height of the metal electrode plate is consistent with the height of the upper surface of the magnet. The metal electrode plate is connected with a regulated power supply through a lead. The number and polarity of rows of magnets and electrodes are strictly in accordance with the parametric design.
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for the offshore navigation body is characterized in that the whole device is semi-embedded in adhesive and is arranged on the lower surface of the navigation body, and the action surface faces outwards. The device comprises a fixed frame 1, an oblique cuboid magnet 2, a circular groove 3, a metal electrode plate 4, a stabilized voltage power supply 5 and a plurality of leads.
The fixed frame 1 is made of insulating materials, such as a PC board and is in a box shape without a cover, a groove which is consistent with the shape of the oblique cuboid magnet 2 is reserved at the bottom of the frame, the groove is in a regular triangular tooth shape and can be attached to the oblique edge of the oblique cuboid magnet, and therefore the magnet 2 can be vertically inserted into the groove according to the vertical edge. Meanwhile, the frame is also provided with grooves which have the same shape as the grooves and are raised by the length of the vertical edge of the magnet, and the grooves and the raised grooves are staggered in rows. The magnet 2 is an oblique cuboid, that is, a cuboid with a parallelogram cross section, here, one group of opposite sides is considered as a bevel edge, the other group of opposite sides is considered as a vertical side, and on one inclined surface, a plurality of circular grooves 3 are processed, as shown in fig. 4, the circular grooves can be arranged in various ways, and here, three rows and two rows are taken as examples. When the magnetic induction line is manufactured and magnetized, the direction of the magnetic induction line is ensured to be vertical to the inclined plane. A plurality of magnets 2 are combined to form a V-shaped surface by attaching the vertical edges, as shown in FIG. 3, namely a groove surface, the magnet 2 is arranged in a groove reserved in the fixed frame 1 in fractional rows through an adhesive, and two adjacent magnets 2 in the same row have the same polarity. Between each row of magnets 2, there is a raised groove portion of the fixing frame 1, the upper surface of which is machined to conform to the contour of the upper surface of the magnets 2. And metal electrode plates 4 are inserted and installed on the inclined plane of the fixed frame 1 between each row of magnets 2, the polarities of the metal electrode plates 4 in each row are the same, the heights of the metal electrode plates are consistent with the heights of the upper surfaces of the magnets 2 through the matching of the fixed frame, and the metal electrode plates are tightly attached to the fixed frame 1 through an adhesive. Considering that the seawater itself has a certain corrosion effect on the metal electrode plate 4, the split type is adopted, so that the installation and the replacement are convenient. The metal electrode plate 4 is connected with an external stabilized voltage power supply 5 through a lead.
The arrangement of the magnet 2 and the metal electrode 4 in a single device is strictly according to the mode shown in fig. 2, and the arrangement is 1 arrangement period, namely, the electrode plate 4"+" pole, the magnet 2"n" pole, the electrode plate "-" pole, the magnet 2"s" pole, the electrode plate 4"-" pole, the magnet 2"n" pole, the electrode plate 4"+" pole and the magnet 2"s" pole in sequence in the longitudinal direction (or the flow direction).
For a single device, the sizes of the elements should be strictly controlled to achieve the expected resistance reduction effect, otherwise, poor resistance reduction effect and even resistance increase are easily caused. The whole device is 160cm (+/-2 cm) long, 120cm (+/-2 cm) wide and 33cm (+/-2 cm) high. The height of the inclined surface of the individual magnet 2 determines the amplitude of the "V" shaped grooves, preferably 7cm (+ -0.1 cm), and its lateral (or spanwise) width determines the lateral wave number of the "V" shaped grooves, preferably 10cm (+ -0.1 cm), preferably with a guaranteed integer wave number, here preferably 6. The magnets 2 are preferably 10cm (+ -0.1 cm) wide in the longitudinal direction and the magnets 2 in each row are preferably 10cm (+ -0.1 cm) apart, both of which determine the arrangement period of the electromagnetic force in the longitudinal direction, preferably ensuring that the arrangement period is an integer, here preferably 2. The dimensions of the circular groove 3 recommend a diameter of 1.5cm (+ -1 cm) and a depth of 0.5cm (+ -0.1 cm). The length and width of each metal electrode plate 4 are slightly smaller than the inclined plane of the magnet 2, and the metal electrode plates are thin. The voltage provided by the voltage-stabilized source 5 determines the magnitude of the generated electromagnetic force, and is preferably 250V (+ -20V) according to the conductivity of the seawater.
The size and voltage parameters of a single device can be enlarged or reduced by a certain proportion according to the size of a navigation body, or a plurality of devices are combined.
When the navigation body moves on the sea, the device can immediately lead the metal electrode plates 4 to be connected due to the property of seawater electrolyte because the bottom of the navigation body is completely immersed in seawater, and according to the definition of electromagnetic force F: f = JXB, wherein J is the current density generated by the electrode, B is the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field, and according to the right-hand rule, the interaction between the electrode of each adjacent metal electrode plate 4 and the adjacent magnet 2 can generate the electromagnetic force which changes the seawater along the longitudinal cycle and the direction along the groove slope, and simultaneously, a large amount of micro-bubbles are generated due to the electrolysis.
Due to the effect of electromagnetic force on electrified seawater, the seawater is induced to form an obvious velocity vector consistent with the direction of the electromagnetic force in a near-wall area, and due to the existence of the groove inclined plane, the velocity vector contains an obvious normal velocity component on the inclined plane and is arranged along the transverse positive and negative directions in an alternating manner to form a normal velocity gradient, so that a regular flow vortex structure is formed at the trough and the crest of the groove to replace an original turbulent flow random irregular flow vortex structure, the surface Reynolds stress is inhibited, and the friction force is reduced. Meanwhile, the generated micro-bubbles are tightly attached to the surface under the action of buoyancy and can be dispersed along the surface under the action of flow, and the circular grooves 3 on the surface of the magnet 2 play a role in retaining the bubbles, so that the friction resistance is further reduced.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an electromagnetism-compound fairing of slot for marine vehicle, its characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed frame (1), an oblique cuboid magnet (2), a metal electrode plate (4), a stabilized voltage power supply (5) and a plurality of leads; the device is integrally installed on the lower surface of a navigation body in a semi-embedded mode, one surface with a groove faces outwards, and the wave trough of the groove is flush with the surface of the navigation body;
the fixed frame (1) is of a box-packed structure, the bottom of the fixed frame is a V-shaped groove, the arrangement mode of the grooves is that one line is high, called a high groove, and the other line is low, called a low groove, and the fixed frame is arranged at the bottom of the navigation body when in use and is fixedly connected with the navigation body, and the uncovered surface, namely the V-shaped groove, faces outwards; the oblique cuboid magnets (2) are combined to form a V-shaped surface, namely a groove surface, the oblique cuboid magnets (2) are installed in the low groove of the fixed frame (1) in a fractional row mode and fixedly connected with the fixed frame (1), and the upper surface of each installed magnet is as high as the surface of the high groove; a circular groove (3) is arranged on the inclined surface of the inclined cuboid magnet (2); between each row of the oblique cuboid magnets (2), a metal electrode plate (4) is inserted and installed on the high groove oblique plane of the fixed frame (1), and the metal electrode plate (4) is tightly attached to the high groove of the fixed frame (1); the metal electrode plate (4) is connected with an external voltage-stabilized power supply (5) through a lead; the oblique cuboid magnet (2) is a cylinder with a parallelogram-shaped cross section, a plurality of circular grooves (3) are processed on the oblique plane of the oblique cuboid magnet, and the direction of a magnetic induction line is ensured to be vertical to the oblique plane when magnetization is carried out; the oblique cuboid magnets (2) form a V-shaped surface through combination, and the oblique cuboid magnets (2) in the same row have the same polarity; the height of the inclined plane of the single inclined cuboid magnet (2) determines the amplitude of the V-shaped groove, the transverse width, namely the spanwise width determines the transverse wave number of the V-shaped groove, the wave number is preferably ensured to be an integer, the two determine the arrangement period of the electromagnetic force along the longitudinal direction, and the arrangement period is preferably ensured to be an integer; the polarities of the metal electrode plates (4) in each row are the same, the metal electrode plates (4) are located at the same height as the height of the upper surface of the oblique cuboid magnet (2) through the matching of the fixed frame (1), and are tightly attached to the fixed frame (1) through an adhesive; mounting metal electrode plates (4) in a split manner, and adhering one metal electrode plate (4) to the inclined plane of each high groove; the oblique cuboid magnet (2) and the metal electrode slice (4) are required to be arranged according to a set sequence, and the longitudinal direction, namely the flow direction, sequentially comprises a metal electrode slice (4) '+', an oblique cuboid magnet (2) 'N', a metal electrode slice '-', an oblique cuboid magnet (2) 'S', a metal electrode slice (4) '-', an oblique cuboid magnet (2) 'N', a metal electrode slice (4) '+', and an oblique cuboid magnet (2) 'S', wherein the arrangement period is 1.
2. The electromagnetic-groove composite drag reducing device for marine craft of claim 1, wherein: the fixed frame (1) is made of insulating materials, and a V-shaped groove low groove which is consistent with the shape of the oblique cuboid magnet (2) is reserved; a high groove part for fixing the frame (1) is arranged between every two rows of the oblique cuboid magnets (2), and the upper surfaces of the high groove parts are processed to be consistent with the shapes of the upper surfaces of the oblique cuboid magnets (2).
3. The electromagnetic-groove composite drag reducing device for marine craft according to claim 2, characterized in that: the circular groove (3) is formed by processing the inclined surface of the inclined cuboid magnet (2).
4. The electromagnetic-groove composite drag reducing device for marine craft according to claim 2, characterized in that: the length and width of each metal electrode plate (4) are 0.2cm smaller than the inclined surface of the inclined cuboid magnet (2).
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| CN202111081852.4A CN113833719B (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | Electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for marine navigation body |
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| CN202111081852.4A CN113833719B (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | Electromagnetic-groove composite damping device for marine navigation body |
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| CN113833719B true CN113833719B (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB9118646D0 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1992-02-19 | Ruston Gas Turbines Ltd | Flow control arrangement |
| US5791275A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1998-08-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Surface layer comprising micro-fabricated tiles for electromagnetic control of fluid turbulence in sea water |
| US6059236A (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2000-05-09 | General Atomics | Tangential force panel for active flow control of a conductive fluid |
| US6520455B2 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2003-02-18 | Brown University Research Foundation | Method and apparatus for reducing turbulent drag |
| CN1453183A (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-11-05 | 俞振华 | Electromagnetic stream boundary layer thrust system for aircraft |
| CN100504081C (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2009-06-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Rib strip-tiny bubble damping device |
| CN101825127A (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-09-08 | 南京理工大学 | Magnetic fluid controller for fluid control of boundary layer of moving object |
| CN107304779A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-31 | 南京理工大学 | The electromagnetism rib composite anti-drag device controlled for sail body turbulent boundary layer |
| CN110203323A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-06 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of high speed operation device of combination Friction Reduction by Micro-bubbles technology and grooved surface turbulent flow drag reduction technology |
| CN111611661B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2023-04-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Transverse V-groove structure based on stable vortex string drag reduction and application thereof |
| CN112651195B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-06-17 | 北京理工大学 | Method for predicting resistance reduction effect of groove-shaped structure surface based on yaw angle |
| CN112644691B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-02-03 | 西安理工大学 | Stepped traveling wave-following plasma exciter capable of being used for drag reduction |
| CN214189996U (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-09-14 | 中山大学 | Ship surface resistance-reducing energy-saving device |
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