CN113831857A - Organic silicon surfactant and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Organic silicon surfactant and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic silicon surfactant, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of organic silicon surfactants. The surfactant comprises a compound of the formula
And
the two polyether modified organic silicon of (1) are that m is 15-35, n is 1-8, and m + n is 16-38; r is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)a(CH2CH(CH3)O)bR2，R1Is CH3Or R, a and b are each 1-20, a + b is 5-30, R2Is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; p is 40-70, q is 5-20, and p + q is 45-80; r4＝‑CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)c(CH2CH(CH3)O)dR5,R3Is CH3Or R4C and d are both 1-25, c + d is 15-40, R5Is a hydroxyl group. The method can effectively regulate and control the openness and stability of the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic silicon surfactants, and particularly relates to an organic silicon surfactant and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The single-component polyurethane foam joint mixture (hereinafter referred to as OCF) takes polyurethane prepolymer, foaming agent, spraying agent and the like as main raw materials, is packaged and stored in a single pressure tank form, can be instantly sprayed into rigid foam when in use, and can quickly fill and seal building joints or holes. The product is a novel sealing material integrating bonding, fixing, filling and sealing, and heat insulation and sound insulation, and is particularly suitable for sealing, leaking stoppage and water prevention between plastic steel or aluminum alloy doors and windows and walls. Meanwhile, the novel building block has the advantages of convenience in carrying and use, high construction efficiency, shock resistance, crack resistance, water resistance, strong bonding force, good decoration effect and the like.
The function of the surfactant in the foaming process of the single-component polyurethane is well known, and the surfactant plays a very important role in the aspects of adjustment of a cell structure, flow performance during foaming and the like. The function of the surfactant is particularly important for the quality problems of polyurethane foam gap filler products, such as easy shrinkage of foam, poor dimensional stability, poor fluidity of a foaming system and the like.
At present, no surfactant capable of effectively regulating and controlling the porosity and the stability of the single-component polyurethane foam exists.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a silicone surfactant which can effectively regulate and control the opening property and stability of a single-component polyurethane foam gap filler.
The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the silicone surfactant.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the organic silicon surfactant.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a one-component polyurethane foam gap filler which is prepared from raw materials containing the organic silicon surfactant.
The application can be realized as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a silicone surfactant, wherein the raw materials of the silicone surfactant comprise, by weight, 10 to 60 parts of a first polyether-modified silicone and 10 to 65 parts of a second polyether-modified silicone;
the structural formula of the first polyether modified organic silicon is shown in the specification
Wherein m has a value of 15-35, n has a value of 1-8, and m + n has a value of 16-38; r has the structure of-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)a(CH2CH(CH3)O)bR2，R1Is CH3Or R1R, a has a value of 1-20, b has a value of 1-20, and a + b has a value of 5-30, R2Is alkyl containing 1-4 carbon atoms;
the structural formula of the second polyether modified organosilicon is
Wherein p has a value of 40-70, q has a value of 5-20, and p + q has a value of 45-80; r4Has the structure of-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)c(CH2CH(CH3)O)dR5，R3Is CH3Or R3＝R4Wherein c has a value of 1-25, d has a value of 1-25, and c + d has a value of 15-40, R5is-OH.
In an alternative embodiment, the total amount of the first polyether modified silicone and the second polyether modified silicone is 70 to 100 parts.
In an alternative embodiment, the silicone surfactant base material further comprises no more than 15 parts of a first copolymer having terminal hydroxyl groups derived from a polyol.
In an alternative embodiment, the polyol comprises a low molecular weight polyol.
In an alternative embodiment, the low molecular weight polyol comprises at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 3-butanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, and diethylene glycol.
In an alternative embodiment, the first copolymer is a polyether polyol having a molecular weight of less than 300.
In a preferred embodiment, the molecular weight of the first copolymer is from 50 to 300.
In an alternative embodiment, the silicone surfactant base material further comprises no more than 15 parts of a second copolymer having terminal hydroxyl groups derived from a polyol, and the second copolymer has a different structural formula from the first copolymer.
In an alternative embodiment, the second copolymer is a polyether polyol having a molecular weight greater than 1000.
In an alternative embodiment, the molecular weight of the second copolymer is 1000-3000.
In a preferred embodiment, the silicone surfactant comprises, per 100 parts silicone surfactant, 20-55 parts first polyether modified silicone, 20-65 parts second polyether modified silicone, 5-15 parts first copolymer, and 5-15 parts second copolymer.
In a more preferred embodiment, the silicone surfactant comprises 25 parts of the first polyether modified silicone, 65 parts of the second polyether modified silicone, 5 parts of the first copolymer, and 5 parts of the second copolymer per 100 parts of silicone surfactant.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of making a silicone surfactant according to any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising the steps of: mixing the raw materials of the organic silicon surfactant according to the proportion.
In an alternative embodiment, the first polyether modified organic silicon and the second polyether modified organic silicon are respectively obtained by mixing and reacting hydrogen-containing silicone oil, allyl polyether, chloroplatinic acid catalyst and cocatalyst.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil, the allyl polyether, the chloroplatinic acid catalyst and the cocatalyst are used for 2 to 10 hours under the conditions of normal pressure and 70 to 150 ℃.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is prepared by taking octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and hexamethyldisiloxane as raw materials, or taking octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane as raw materials and reacting under the action of an acidic catalyst.
In an alternative embodiment, the raw material containing hydrogen silicone oil reacts for 5 to 8 hours at the temperature of 30 to 90 ℃ under the action of the acid catalyst.
In a third aspect, the present application provides the use of a silicone surfactant as in any of the preceding embodiments for preparing a one-component polyurethane foam underfill.
In a fourth aspect, the application provides a one-component polyurethane foam joint mixture, and the raw materials for preparing the one-component polyurethane foam joint mixture contain the organosilicon surfactant of any one of the previous embodiments.
The beneficial effect of this application includes:
this application is used through adopting the cooperation of the modified organosilicon of two kinds of different polyethers that have specific structure, can effectively adjust the foam trompil performance of single component polyurethane foam gap filler, realizes the control in the aspect of the fine and smooth degree of foam, stability and extension rice, has improved present single component polyurethane foam gap filler have shrink great, the foam is fine and smooth inadequately and the extension rice scheduling problem inadequately.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The silicone surfactants provided herein, as well as methods for their preparation and use, are described in detail below.
The application provides an organosilicon surfactant, which comprises, by weight, 10-60 parts of a first polyether-modified organosilicon and 10-65 parts of a second polyether-modified organosilicon.
The first polyether-modified silicone may be, by reference, 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, or the like, and may have any other value within a range of 10 to 60.
Similarly, the amount of the second polyether-modified silicone may be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, or the like, or may be any other value within a range of 10 to 65.
In a preferred embodiment, the total amount of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone is 70 to 100 parts, such as 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, or 100 parts, and can be any other value within the range of 70 to 100 parts.
The structural formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is
Wherein m has a value of 15-35, n has a value of 1-8, and m + n has a value of 16-38; r has the structure of-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)a(CH2CH(CH3)O)bR2，R1Is CH3Or R1R (i.e., R)1Or is CH3Or identical to R), a has a value of 1 to 20, b has a value of 1 to 20 and a + b has a value of 5 to 30, R2Is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
In reference, m can be 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 or 35, etc., or any other value within the range of 15-35.
The value of n may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc., or may be any other value within the range of 1 to 8.
The value of m + n may be 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, etc., or any other value within the range of 16 to 38.
The value of a may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, etc., or may be any other value within the range of 1-20.
The value of b may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, etc., or any other value within the range of 1-20.
The value of a + b may be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30, etc., or may be any other value within the range of 5 to 30.
R2Is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, i.e. the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group may be 1, 2, 3 or 4.
In some particular embodiments, the first polyether modified silicone can include, by way of example and not limitation, at least one of the following:
A、Si(CH3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]20-[Si(CH3)R-O]2.5-Si(CH3)3wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)15(CH2CH(CH3)O)8CH3In the first polyether-modified silicone, R in the corresponding structural formula1Is CH3；
B、Si(CH3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]25.6-[Si(CH3)R-O]4.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)10(CH2CH(CH3)O)15CH3In the first polyether-modified silicone, R in the corresponding structural formula1Is CH3；
C、Si(CH3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]31-[Si(CH3)R-O]4.9-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)12(CH2CH(CH3)O)5CH3In the first polyether-modified silicone, R in the corresponding structural formula1Is CH3；
D、R1-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]20-[Si(CH3)R-O]2.5-Si(CH3)2-R1Wherein R is1＝R＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)15(CH2CH(CH3)O)5CH3；
E、Si(CH3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]25.6-[Si(CH3)R-O]4.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)13(CH2CH(CH3)O)8CH3In the first polyether-modified silicone, R in the corresponding structural formula1Is CH3；
F、R1-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]29-[Si(CH3)R-O]3.9-Si(CH3)2-R1Wherein R is1＝R＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)15(CH2CH(CH3)O)8OCH3。
The structural formula of the second polyether modified organosilicon is
Wherein p has a value of 40-70, q has a value of 5-20, and p + q has a value of 45-80; r4Has the structure of-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)c(CH2CH(CH3)O)dR5，R3Is CH3Or R3＝R4(i.e., R)3Or is CH3Either with R4Identical) wherein c has a value of 1 to 25, d has a value of 1 to 25, and c + d has a value of 15 to 40, R5is-OH.
In reference, p may have a value of 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, etc., or any other value within a range of 40-70.
The value of q may be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, etc., or may be any other value within the range of 5 to 20.
The value of p + q may be 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79 or 80, etc., or may be any other value within the range of 45 to 80.
The value of c may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25, etc., or may be any other value within the range of 1 to 25.
The value of d may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25, etc., or may be any other value within the range of 1 to 25.
The value of c + d may be 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, etc., or any other value within the range of 15 to 40.
In some particular embodiments, the second polyether modified silicone can include, by way of example and not limitation, at least one of the following:
G、Si(CH3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]40.5-[Si(CH3)R4-O]4.5-Si(CH3)3wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)11OH in the second polyether-modified organosilicon corresponding to R in the formula3Is CH3；
H、Si(CH3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]47.7-[Si(CH3)R4-O]7.3-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)12(CH2CH(CH3)O)18OH in the second polyether-modified organosilicon corresponding to R in the formula3Is CH3；
I、Si(CH3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]60.3-[Si(CH3)R4-O]6.7-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)11OH in the second polyether-modified organosilicon corresponding to R in the formula3Is CH3；
J、R3-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]47.7-[Si(CH3)R4-O]7.3-Si(CH3)2-R3Wherein R is3＝R4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)9OH；
K、R3-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]43.0-[Si(CH3)R4-O]6.5-Si(CH3)2-R3Wherein R is3＝R4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)21(CH2CH(CH3)O)5OH。
Bearing, this application is used through the cooperation of the modified organosilicon of two kinds of different polyether that adopt to have specific structure, can effectively adjust the foam trompil performance of single component polyurethane foam gap filler, realizes the control in the aspect of the fine and smooth degree of bubble, stability and extension rice, has improved present single component polyurethane foam gap filler have shrink great, the bubble is fine and smooth inadequately and the extension rice scheduling problem inadequately. The related product obtained by reacting the single side chain hydrogen-containing silicone oil with the allyl polyether has relatively weak controllability of open and close pores of the foam, and has certain limitation.
Further, the silicone surfactants herein also include no more than 15 parts of a first copolymer having terminal hydroxyl groups derived from a polyhydroxy compound.
The first copolymer may be referred to as being present in the silicone surfactant in an amount of 0 parts, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, or 15 parts, and the like, and may be present at any other value within the range of 0 to 15 parts.
The polyol may include, for example, a low molecular weight polyol, such as at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 3-butanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, and diethylene glycol.
In a preferred embodiment, the first copolymer is a polyether polyol having a molecular weight of less than 300, preferably a molecular weight of from 50 to 300.
Further, the silicone surfactant may further include not more than 15 parts of a second copolymer having terminal hydroxyl groups derived from a polyol, and the second copolymer has a different structural formula from the first copolymer.
The second copolymer may also be, by reference, present in the silicone surfactant in an amount of 0 parts, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, or 15 parts, and the like, and may also be any other value within the range of 0-15 parts.
The polyol in the second copolymer may also include a low molecular weight polyol, such as including at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 3-butanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, and diethylene glycol. That is, the first copolymer and the second copolymer both use a hydroxy compound as an initiator, and the initiators used in the two copolymers can be the same, and the difference is mainly reflected in that the molecular weights of the terminal hydroxy compounds derived from the initiators are different.
In a preferred embodiment, the second copolymer is a polyether polyol having a molecular weight above 1000, preferably having a molecular weight of 1000-3000.
In summary, the present application can improve the compatibility of the silicone surfactant system and further improve the compatibility of the sample with the foaming system by using two different copolymers with terminal hydroxyl groups derived from polyhydroxy compounds with specific structures.
In a preferred embodiment, the silicone surfactant comprises, per 100 parts silicone surfactant, 20-55 parts first polyether modified silicone, 20-65 parts second polyether modified silicone, 5-15 parts first copolymer, and 5-15 parts second copolymer. In a more preferred embodiment, the silicone surfactant comprises 25 parts of the first polyether modified silicone, 65 parts of the second polyether modified silicone, 5 parts of the first copolymer, and 5 parts of the second copolymer per 100 parts of silicone surfactant. In the preferred embodiment, the product has the best dimensional stability and the finest and most uniform cells.
Correspondingly, the application also provides a preparation method of the organic silicon surfactant, which comprises the following steps: the components of the organic silicon surfactant are mixed according to the proportion.
That is, when the silicone surfactant contains the first copolymer and the second copolymer, the silicone surfactant is prepared by: the first polyether-modified silicone, the second polyether-modified silicone, the first copolymer, and the second copolymer are mixed together. If the silicone surfactant does not contain the first copolymer and/or the second copolymer, the blend components may be free of such materials during the blending process.
In reference, the first polyether modified organosilicon and the second polyether modified organosilicon are respectively obtained by mixing and reacting hydrogen-containing silicone oil, allyl polyether, chloroplatinic acid catalyst and cocatalyst.
Specifically, at least two kinds of hydrogen-containing silicone oil, allyl polyether with different structures, chloroplatinic acid catalyst and cocatalyst are added into a reactor, and the temperature is raised to 70-150 ℃ (such as 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 140 ℃ or 150 ℃ and the like) under the condition of normal pressure to react for 2-10h (such as 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h or 10h and the like).
Wherein, the chloroplatinic acid catalyst can be a platinum catalyst, and the dosage of the platinum catalyst can be 3-20ppm (such as 3ppm, 5ppm, 8ppm, 10ppm, 15ppm or 20ppm and the like) of the total amount of materials (namely the total amount of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil and the allyl polyether).
The cocatalyst can be at least one of acetamide, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, triethylamine and N-butylethanolamine. The amount of the cocatalyst can be 50-2000ppm (e.g., 50ppm, 10ppm, 200ppm, 500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm, or 20ppm, etc.) based on the total amount of the material.
The hydrogen-containing silicone oil can be prepared by taking octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and hexamethyldisiloxane as raw materials or taking octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane as raw materials and reacting under the action of an acid catalyst.
Specifically, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen silicone oil and hexamethyldisiloxane can be used as raw materials, or octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen silicone oil and 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane can be used as raw materials to react for 5-8h (such as 5h, 5.5h, 6h, 6.5h, 7h, 7.5h or 8 h) under the action of an acidic catalyst at a reaction temperature of 30-90 ℃ (such as 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃ or 90 ℃ and the like).
The acid catalyst may be at least one of acid clay, sulfuric acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, and an acid resin, and is preferably an acid resin or acid clay. The amount of the acidic catalyst used may be, for example, 2 to 6 wt% (e.g., 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, or 6 wt%, etc.) of the total amount of the raw material containing hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
In addition, the application also provides the application of the organic silicon surfactant, for example, the organic silicon surfactant is used for preparing a one-component polyurethane foam gap filler.
Correspondingly, the application also provides a single-component polyurethane foam gap filler, and the preparation raw material of the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler contains the organic silicon surfactant.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
This example provides 4 groups of silicone surfactants, prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
148.66g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 16.03g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 15.31g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 5 hours under the action of 5.4g of acidic resin to obtain first hydrogen silicone oil.
157.32g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 15.08g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 7.60g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 5 hours under the action of 5.4g of acidic resin to obtain second hydrogen silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of first polyether-modified organosilicon and second polyether-modified organosilicon
Adding 40g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 93.51g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 5 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain first polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]20-[Si(CH3)R-O]2.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)15(CH2CH(CH3)O)8CH3。
Adding 35g of second hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 99.45g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 5 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain second polyether modified organic silicon, wherein the molecular formula of the second polyether modified organic silicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]40.5-[Si(CH3)R4-O]4.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)11OH。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the first polyether modified organic silicon, the second polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (ethylene glycol) and the second copolymer (dipropylene glycol is used as an initiator, the molecular weight is 1500) according to different proportions in the following table 1, and stirring for 1h at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler.
Table 1 example 1 evaluation of the properties of the compounded formulations (weight percent,%) and the corresponding products
Remarking: dimensional stability of the foam is expressed in terms of angles, the smaller the angle, the better the dimensional stability (and vice versa). The cell evaluation results are expressed as scores, and higher scores represent finer and more uniform cells (score range 1.0-5.0). The same applies below.
As can be seen from table 1, in the above-mentioned blending ratio range, the larger the content of the first polyether-modified silicone is, the thicker the cells of the foam prepared from the corresponding surfactant are, and the smaller the corresponding elongation meter is, without changing the total content of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone.
Example 2
This example provides 4 groups of silicone surfactants, prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
146.57g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 22.22g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 11.20g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 6 hours under the action of 9g of acid clay to obtain first hydrogen silicone oil.
153.85g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 20.31g of high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 5.84g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted for 6 hours at 65 ℃ under the action of 9g of acid clay to obtain second hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of first polyether-modified organosilicon and second polyether-modified organosilicon
Adding 25g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 93.62g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain first polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]25.6-[Si(CH3)R-O]4.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)10(CH2CH(CH3)O)15CH3。
Adding 24g of second hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 97.72g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain second polyether modified organic silicon, wherein the molecular formula of the second polyether modified organic silicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]47.7-[Si(CH3)R4-O]7.3-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)12(CH2CH(CH3)O)18OH。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the first polyether modified organic silicon, the second polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (dipropylene glycol) and the second copolymer (dipropylene glycol is used as an initiator, the molecular weight is 1500) according to different proportions in the following table 2, and stirring for 1h at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler.
Table 2 example 2 evaluation of the formulation (weight percent,%) and the corresponding product
As can be seen from table 2, in the above-mentioned blending ratio range, the larger the content of the first polyether-modified silicone is, the thicker the cells of the foam prepared from the corresponding surfactant are, and the smaller the corresponding elongation meter is, without changing the total content of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone.
Example 3
This example provides 4 groups of silicone surfactants, prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
150.15g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 20.47g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 9.38g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 5 hours under the action of 7.2g of acidic resin to obtain first hydrogen silicone oil.
159.80g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 15.31g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 4.88g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 6h under the action of 7.2g of acidic resin to obtain second hydrogen silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of first polyether-modified organosilicon and second polyether-modified organosilicon
Adding 40g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 88.91g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain first polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]31-[Si(CH3)R-O]4.9-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)12(CH2CH(CH3)O)5CH3。
Adding 30g of second hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 86.61g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain second polyether modified organic silicon, wherein the molecular formula of the second polyether modified organic silicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]60.3-[Si(CH3)R4-O]6.7-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)11OH。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the first polyether modified organic silicon, the second polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (propylene glycol) and the second copolymer (1, 4-butanediol, molecular weight 1200) as initiators according to different proportions in a table 3, and stirring for 1h at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam caulking agent.
Table 3 example 3 evaluation of the compounded formulation (weight percent,%) and the corresponding product
As can be seen from table 3, in the above-mentioned blending ratio range, the larger the content of the first polyether-modified silicone is, the thicker the cells of the foam prepared from the corresponding surfactant are, and the smaller the corresponding elongation meter is, without changing the total content of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone.
Example 4
This example provides 4 groups of silicone surfactants, prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
151.02g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 16.28g of high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 12.87g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane are reacted for 4 hours at 65 ℃ under the action of 9g of acid clay to obtain first hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
The same synthetic scheme as example 1 is adopted to obtain a second hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of first polyether-modified organosilicon and second polyether-modified organosilicon
Adding 24g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 102.6g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain first polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: r1-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]20-[Si(CH3)R-O]2.5-Si(CH3)2-R1Wherein R is1＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)15(CH2CH(CH3)O)5CH3。
Same as example 1The second polyether modified organic silicon has the molecular formula as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]40.5-[Si(CH3)R4-O]4.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)11OH。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the first polyether modified organic silicon, the second polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (ethylene glycol) and the second copolymer (dipropylene glycol is used as an initiator, the molecular weight is 1500) according to different proportions in the following table 4, and stirring for 1h at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler.
Table 4 example 4 evaluation of the compounded formulation (weight percent,%) and the corresponding product
As can be seen from table 4, in the above-mentioned blending ratio range, the larger the content of the first polyether-modified silicone is, the thicker the cells of the foam obtained from the corresponding surfactant are, and the smaller the corresponding elongation meter is, without changing the total content of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone. Meanwhile, the introduction of a hydrogen-terminated structure in the component A improves the dimensional stability of foam, the fineness of a foam pore structure and the like.
Example 5
This example provides 4 groups of silicone surfactants, prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
The same synthetic scheme as in example 2 was adopted to obtain a first hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
154.90g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 20.45g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 4.87g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane are reacted for 5 hours at 60 ℃ under the action of 9g of acid resin to obtain second hydrogen silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of first polyether-modified organosilicon and second polyether-modified organosilicon
Adding 32g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 96.09g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 300ppm of diethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain first polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]25.6-[Si(CH3)R-O]4.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)13(CH2CH(CH3)O)8CH3。
Adding 23g of second hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 104.46g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 300ppm of diethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain second polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the second polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: r3-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]47.7-[Si(CH3)R4-O]7.3-Si(CH3)2-R3Wherein R is3＝R4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)9OH。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the first polyether modified organic silicon, the second polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (dipropylene glycol) and the second copolymer (dipropylene glycol is used as an initiator and has a molecular weight of 1500) according to different proportions in the following table 5, and stirring for 1h at a temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam caulking agent.
TABLE 5 EXAMPLE 5 evaluation of the compounded formulation (weight percent,%) and the corresponding product
As can be seen from table 5, in the above-mentioned blending ratio range, the larger the content of the first polyether-modified silicone is, the thicker the cells of the foam obtained from the corresponding surfactant are, and the smaller the corresponding elongation meter is, without changing the total content of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone. Meanwhile, the introduction of a hydrogen-terminated structure in the component A improves the dimensional stability of foam, the fineness of a foam pore structure and the like.
Example 6
This example provides 4 groups of silicone surfactants, prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
153.65g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 17.82g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 8.71g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane are reacted for 5 hours at 65 ℃ under the action of 5.4g of acid resin to obtain first hydrogen silicone oil.
154.55g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 20.15g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 5.51g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 5 hours under the action of 5.4g of acidic resin to obtain second hydrogen silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of first polyether-modified organosilicon and second polyether-modified organosilicon
Adding 25g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 98.33g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 5 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain first polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: r1-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]29-[Si(CH3)R-O]3.9-Si(CH3)2-R1Wherein R is1＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)15(CH2CH(CH3)O)8OCH3。
Adding 23g of second hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 95.03g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 5h under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain the second hydrogen-containing silicone oilA polyether-modified silicone having the formula: r3-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]43.0-[Si(CH3)R4-O]6.5-Si(CH3)2-R3Wherein R is4＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)21(CH2CH(CH3)O)5OH。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the first polyether modified organic silicon, the second polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (propylene glycol) and the second copolymer (1, 4-butanediol, molecular weight 1500) as initiators according to different proportions in a table 6, and stirring for 1h at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam caulking agent.
TABLE 6 EXAMPLE 6 evaluation of the compounded formulation (weight percent,%) and the corresponding product
As can be seen from table 6, with the total content of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone unchanged, the greater the content of the first polyether-modified silicone, the coarser the cells of the foam produced from its corresponding surfactant, the poorer the dimensional stability, and the smaller the corresponding elongation. Meanwhile, the introduction of terminal hydrogen structures in the component A and the component B improves the dimensional stability of foam, the regulation range of fine degree of foam holes and the like.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides 3 groups of silicone surfactants prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
155.56g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 14.67g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 9.76g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 6 hours under the action of 9g of acid clay to obtain first hydrogen silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of first polyether-modified Silicone
Adding 40g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 85.6g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain first polyether modified organosilicon, wherein the molecular formula of the first polyether modified organosilicon is as follows: si (CH)3)3-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]32-[Si(CH3)R-O]3.5-Si(CH3)3Wherein R is-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)15(CH2CH(CH3)O)8CH3。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the first polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (ethylene glycol) and the second copolymer (dipropylene glycol serving as an initiator and having a molecular weight of 1500) according to different proportions in a table 7, and stirring at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 1h to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam joint mixture.
TABLE 7 evaluation of the formulation of comparative example 1 (weight percent,%) and the corresponding product
As can be seen from table 7, in comparative example 1, the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone have only the first polyether-modified silicone and have relatively weak corresponding properties and a relatively small control range compared to the control containing both the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone under the condition that the total content of the polyether-modified silicone is equal to each other.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides 3 groups of silicone surfactants prepared as follows:
(1) preparation of hydrogen-containing silicone oil
154.88g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 20.50g of high hydrogen silicone oil and 4.62g of hexamethyldisiloxane are reacted at 65 ℃ for 6 hours under the action of 9g of acid clay to obtain first hydrogen silicone oil.
(2) Preparation of second polyether modified organosilicon
Adding 25g of first hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 96.59g of allyl polyether into a reactor, heating to 110 ℃ under normal pressure and reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of 6ppm of chloroplatinic acid catalyst and 200ppm of triethanolamine cocatalyst to obtain second polyether modified organic silicon, wherein the molecular formula of the second polyether modified organic silicon is as follows: r1-Si(CH3)2-O-[Si(CH3)2-O]58-[Si(CH3)R-O]8.9-Si(CH3)2-R1Wherein R ═ R1＝-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)19(CH2CH(CH3)O)11OH。
(3) Preparation of organosilicon surfactant for single-component polyurethane foam
Mixing the second polyether modified organic silicon, the first copolymer (dipropylene glycol) and the second copolymer (dipropylene glycol is used as an initiator and has a molecular weight of 1500) according to different proportions in a table 8, and stirring for 1h at a temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain different organic silicon surfactant samples for the single-component polyurethane foam joint mixture.
TABLE 8 evaluation of the formulation (weight percent,%) of comparative example 2 and the corresponding product
As can be seen from table 8, in comparative example 1, the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone have only the second polyether-modified silicone and have the same total content of polyether-modified silicone species, and have weaker corresponding properties and smaller control ranges than those of the control containing both the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone.
In conclusion, the first polyether modified organic silicon and the second polyether modified organic silicon which have different specific structures are matched with each other, so that the effective regulation and control range of the openness and the stability of the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler is increased, the control of the fineness and the stability of foam holes and the control of the elongation of the foam holes are further realized, the polyether modified organic silicon has advantages compared with the single polyether modified organic silicon, and a research basis is provided for effectively regulating and controlling the size stability of the single-component polyurethane foam.
The obtained organic silicon surfactant plays an active role in effectively regulating and controlling the surface, internal pore structure, size stability and the like of the single-component polyurethane foam, and provides a new idea for synthesizing the organic silicon surfactant for the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the surfactant is simple, easy to operate and suitable for industrial production.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An organosilicon surfactant, characterized in that the organosilicon surfactant comprises, by weight, 10-60 parts of a first polyether-modified organosilicon and 10-65 parts of a second polyether-modified organosilicon;
the structural formula of the first polyether modified organic silicon is shown in the specification
Wherein m has a value of 15-35, n has a value of 1-8, and m + n has a value of 16-38; r has the structure of-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)a(CH2CH(CH3)O)bR2，R1Is CH3Or R1R, a has a value of 1-20, b has a value of 1-20, and a + b has a value of 5-30, R2Is alkyl containing 1-4 carbon atoms;
the structural formula of the second polyether modified organic silicon is shown in the specification
Wherein, p isA value of 40-70, a value of 5-20 for q, and a value of 45-80 for p + q; r4Has the structure of-CH2CH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)c(CH2CH(CH3)O)dR5，R3Is CH3Or R3＝R4Wherein c has a value of 1-25, d has a value of 1-25, and c + d has a value of 15-40, R5is-OH;
preferably, the total amount of the first polyether-modified silicone and the second polyether-modified silicone is 70 to 100 parts.
2. The silicone surfactant of claim 1 further comprising not more than 15 parts of a first copolymer having terminal hydroxyl groups derived from a polyol;
preferably, the polyol comprises a low molecular weight polyol;
preferably, the low molecular weight polyol comprises at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 3-butanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, and diethylene glycol;
preferably, the first copolymer is a polyether polyol having a molecular weight of less than 300;
more preferably, the molecular weight of the first copolymer is from 50 to 300.
3. The silicone surfactant of claim 2 further comprising no more than 15 parts of a second copolymer having terminal hydroxyl groups derived from a polyol, wherein the second copolymer has a different structure than the first copolymer;
preferably, the second copolymer is a polyether polyol having a molecular weight above 1000;
preferably, the molecular weight of the second copolymer is 1000-3000.
4. The silicone surfactant according to claim 3, wherein said silicone surfactant comprises, per 100 parts of said silicone surfactant, 20-55 parts of said first polyether-modified silicone, 20-65 parts of said second polyether-modified silicone, 5-15 parts of said first copolymer, and 5-15 parts of said second copolymer.
5. The silicone surfactant of claim 4 comprising 25 parts of said first polyether modified silicone, 65 parts of said second polyether modified silicone, 5 parts of said first copolymer and 5 parts of said second copolymer per 100 parts of said silicone surfactant.
6. A process for preparing a silicone surfactant as claimed in any of claims 1-5 comprising the steps of: mixing the components of the organic silicon surfactant according to a ratio.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the first polyether modified organosilicon and the second polyether modified organosilicon are respectively obtained by mixing and reacting hydrogen-containing silicone oil, allyl polyether, chloroplatinic acid catalyst and cocatalyst.
8. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein the hydrogen-containing silicone oil, the allyl polyether, the chloroplatinic acid catalyst and the cocatalyst are used for 2 to 10 hours under the conditions of normal pressure and 70 to 150 ℃;
preferably, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is prepared by taking octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and hexamethyldisiloxane as raw materials or taking octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, high hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane as raw materials and reacting under the action of an acid catalyst;
preferably, the raw material of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil reacts for 5 to 8 hours at the temperature of between 30 and 90 ℃ under the action of an acid catalyst.
9. Use of the silicone surfactant according to any of claims 1-5 to prepare a one-component polyurethane foam underfill.
10. A one-component polyurethane foam joint mixture, which is characterized in that the preparation raw material of the one-component polyurethane foam joint mixture contains the organic silicon surfactant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
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