CN113831203B

CN113831203B - Preparation method and preparation device of calcium salt-containing emulsion explosive

Info

Publication number: CN113831203B
Application number: CN202111328888.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许万忠; 张学华; 赵凤民; 皮瑞祥
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Sheng'an Civil Blasting Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Sheng'an Civil Blasting Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-10
Filing date: 2021-11-10
Publication date: 2022-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-10
Also published as: CN113831203A

Abstract

A preparation method and a preparation device of an emulsion explosive containing calcium salt belong to the field of emulsion explosive preparation. Comprises a storage tank, a stirring device I, a stirring device II and an intermittent feeding device; a stirring device II is arranged in the center of the storage tank, a stirring device I is arranged at the eccentric position of the storage tank, and the stirring device I and the stirring device II are matched with each other; intermittent type feed arrangement sets up in the upper end of holding vessel, and intermittent type feed arrangement is connected with agitating unit II. The invention replaces the existing formula with the technical formula of the emulsion explosive containing calcium salt, adjusts the technical conditions of the process, reduces the cost of raw materials for producing the emulsion explosive, further reduces the manufacturing cost of the emulsion explosive, relieves the operating pressure and creates economic benefits for enterprises; the preparation device has the advantages of improving the emulsifying speed and saving time and cost.

Description

Preparation method and preparation device of calcium salt-containing emulsion explosive

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method and a preparation device of an emulsion explosive containing calcium salt, belonging to the field of preparation of emulsion explosives.

Background

The prior emulsion explosive production process in China adopts ammonium nitrate as an oxidant and sodium salt as an auxiliary oxidant. The auxiliary oxidant mainly has the effects of reducing the crystallization point of ammonium nitrate and improving the stability of the explosive. Due to the influence of the current raw material price rising factors, great pressure is caused to enterprise operation. In order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the emulsion explosive, the prior emulsion explosive process formula and crude emulsion equipment are improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is to solve the above problems in the background art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for preparing an emulsion explosive containing a calcium salt.

The invention achieves the purpose, and adopts the following technical scheme:

a preparation device of an emulsion explosive containing calcium salt comprises a storage tank, a stirring device I, a stirring device II and an intermittent feeding device; a stirring device II is arranged in the center of the storage tank, a stirring device I is arranged at the eccentric position of the storage tank, and the stirring device I and the stirring device II are matched with each other; intermittent type feed arrangement sets up in the upper end of holding vessel, and intermittent type feed arrangement is connected with agitating unit II.

A preparation method of an emulsion explosive containing calcium salt comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: putting ammonium nitrate, calcium salt, potassium chloride and water into a preparation tank, and then heating the water to prepare a water phase material;

step two: putting the oil phase material into a wax melting tank for melting, and conveying the oil phase material into another storage tank through a filter pump after the oil phase material reaches the melting temperature;

step three: crushing, filtering and metering the water-phase material obtained in the step one, and then inputting the water-phase material into a box body through a pump; then filtering and metering the oil phase material obtained in the step two, and inputting the oil phase material into a box body through a pump; then, stirring and coarse milk are carried out on the two through a stirring device I and a stirring device II; then, pumping a substrate obtained by mixing the water phase material and the oil phase material into a static emulsifier for fine emulsification;

step four: cooling the matrix obtained by mixing the water phase material and the oil phase material in the third step, pumping the matrix to a static mixer, adding 0.3-0.55% of foaming agent and 0.2-0.45% of catalyst, and sensitizing;

step five: finally, an automatic charging machine is used for charging, and the charging density is controlled to be 1.00-1.30g/cm³The density of the medicated roll is controlled at 0.95-1.25g/cm³And finishing the preparation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention replaces the existing formula with the technical formula of the emulsion explosive containing calcium salt, adjusts the technical conditions of the process, reduces the cost of raw materials for producing the emulsion explosive, further reduces the manufacturing cost of the emulsion explosive, relieves the operating pressure and creates economic benefits for enterprises; the preparation device has the advantages of improving the emulsification speed and saving time and cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an apparatus for preparing an emulsion explosive containing a calcium salt according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a storage tank of an emulsion explosive manufacturing apparatus containing a calcium salt according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a stirring apparatus I of the apparatus for preparing an emulsion explosive containing a calcium salt according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of an attachment ring of an emulsion explosive preparation device containing a calcium salt according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a stirring apparatus II of the apparatus for preparing an emulsion explosive containing a calcium salt according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of an intermittent feeding apparatus of an emulsion explosive manufacturing apparatus containing a calcium salt according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the performance index of emulsion explosives before and after changing the formulation of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the embodiment describes a preparation device of an emulsion explosive containing calcium salt, which comprises a storage tank 1, a stirring device I2, a stirring device II 3 and an intermittent feeding device 4; a stirring device II 3 is arranged in the center of the storage tank 1, a stirring device I2 is arranged at the eccentric position of the storage tank 1, and the stirring device I2 and the stirring device II 3 are matched with each other; intermittent type feed arrangement 4 sets up in the upper end of holding vessel 1, and intermittent type feed arrangement 4 is connected with agitating unit II 3.

The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, this embodiment is further described as a first embodiment, and the storage tank 1 includes a tank body 11, a cover 12 and a rack 16; the cover 12 is connected to the upper end of the tank body 11 through threads, a round hole I14 is formed in the center of the top end of the cover 12, and a round hole II 13 and a sliding groove 15 are formed in the two sides of the round hole I14 respectively; the rack 16 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cover 12, and the rack 16 is located at the side of the slide slot 15.

The third concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, the stirring device i 2 includes a motor bracket 21, a motor 22, a gear i 23, a connecting ring 24, a plurality of stirring rods i 25 and a fixing rod 26; the motor 22 is fixedly connected to the cover 12 through a motor bracket 21, and an output shaft of the motor 22 penetrates through the round hole II 13 and is fixedly connected with a fixing rod 26; a gear I23 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 26, and a plurality of connecting rings 24 are uniformly distributed on the fixed rod 26 from top to bottom; each connecting ring 24 is fixedly connected with a corresponding stirring rod I25; every the side of puddler I25 all is equipped with the draw-in groove.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, and each of the connection rings 24 includes a ring 241, a stopper i 243, and a spring 244; the fixed rod 26 comprises a rod body 261 and a stop block II 262; an annular groove 242 is formed in the inner circular surface of the circular ring 241, the circular ring 241 is sleeved on the rod body 261 through a bearing, and a stop block I243 is fixedly connected inside the annular groove 242; a stop block II 262 is fixedly connected to the outer circular surface of the rod body 261, and the stop block II 262 is in sliding fit with the annular groove 242; one end of the spring 244 is fixedly connected to the stop block I243, and the other end of the spring 244 is fixedly connected to the stop block II 262.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, this embodiment is further described as a first embodiment, and the stirring device ii 3 includes a gear ii 31, a central shaft 32, a collar 33, a stirring rod ii 34, and a stirring rod iii 36; the gear II 31 is connected into the round hole I14 through a bearing, the gear II 31 is meshed with the gear I23, and an insertion hole 35 is formed in the eccentric position of the upper end of the gear II 31; the central shaft 32 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom end of the gear II 31, and annular grooves corresponding to the connecting rings 24 in number and height are formed in the outer circular surface of the central shaft 32; each stirring rod II 34 is fixedly connected between two adjacent annular grooves of the central shaft 32; each lantern ring 33 is sleeved in the annular groove through a bearing, and a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on the outer circular surface of each lantern ring 33; each stirring rod III 36 is fixedly connected to the outer circular surface of the corresponding lantern ring 33; and a clamping block on the lantern ring 33 is in embedded sliding fit with a clamping groove on the side surface of the stirring rod I25.

The sixth specific implementation mode: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, this embodiment is further explained for the first embodiment, and the intermittent feeding device 4 includes a round bar i 41, a connecting rod 42, a round bar ii 43, a rectangular housing i 44, a U-shaped connecting rod 46, a rectangular housing ii 47, an upper baffle 49 and a rotary baffle 410; the two sides of the lower end of the connecting rod 42 are respectively and fixedly connected with a round rod I41 and a round rod II 43; the lower end of the round rod I41 is connected into the jack 35 through a bearing, and the lower end of the round rod II 43 is connected onto the rectangular shell I44 through a bearing; a feeding hole 45 is formed in the side face of the rectangular shell I44, and a U-shaped connecting rod 46 is fixedly connected to the side face of the rectangular shell I44; the other end of the U-shaped connecting rod 46 is fixedly connected with a rectangular shell II 47; a rotating baffle 410 is arranged between the rectangular shell I44 and the rectangular shell II 47, and a discharge hole is formed in the lower end of the rotating shell II 47; an upper baffle plate 49 is fixedly connected in the rectangular shell I44; the upper baffle plate 49 is positioned above the rotary baffle plate 410, the rotary baffle plate 410 is connected with the lower end of the upper baffle plate 49 through a rotating shaft, and a groove body matched with the rack 16 is arranged on the outer side of the rotary baffle plate 410; the upper baffle plate 49 is provided with a through hole I48, and the rotating baffle plate 410 is provided with a through hole II 411.

The seventh embodiment: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment describes a method for producing an emulsion explosive containing a calcium salt, the method comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: putting ammonium nitrate, calcium salt (such as calcium nitrate), potassium chloride and water into a preparation tank, and heating water to obtain water phase material;

step three: filtering and metering the water phase material obtained in the step one, and inputting the water phase material into a box body 11 through a pump; then, filtering and metering the oil phase material obtained in the step two, and inputting the oil phase material into the box body 11 through a pump; then, stirring and coarse milk are carried out on the two through a stirring device I2 and a stirring device II 3; then, pumping a substrate obtained by mixing the water phase material and the oil phase material into a static emulsifier for fine emulsification; wherein

The specific implementation mode is eight: as shown in fig. 1-7, this embodiment is further described with respect to embodiment seven, wherein the temperature for preparing the aqueous phase material in step one is 90 ± 2 ℃; preparing an oil phase material at 88 +/-2 ℃ in the second step; and step four, sensitizing and charging temperature phi 70mm above large-diameter medicated rolls 75 +/-5 ℃ and phi 29-35mm small-diameter medicated rolls 80 +/-5 ℃.

The specific implementation method nine: as shown in FIGS. 1-7, this embodiment further illustrates the seventh embodiment, in the third step, the pumping speed into the static emulsifier is controlled to be 3-4.8 tons/hr for small diameter cartridges phi 29-phi 35, and 5-10 tons/hr for large diameter cartridges phi 70 or above.

The detailed implementation mode is ten: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, this embodiment is a further description of a seventh embodiment, in which the proportions of ammonium nitrate, calcium salt, potassium chloride and water in the total mass of the aqueous phase material prepared in the first step are 80% to 85% of ammonium nitrate, 5% to 12% of calcium salt, 0% of potassium chloride, 8% to 12% of water, or 76% to 81% of ammonium nitrate, 5% to 12% of calcium salt, 3% to 5% of potassium chloride, 8% to 12% of water, or 74% to 79% of ammonium nitrate, 5% to 12% of calcium salt, 5% to 7% of potassium chloride and 7% to 11% of water, respectively. The explosive is prepared from 80-85% of ammonium nitrate, 5-12% of calcium salt, 0% of potassium chloride and 8-12% of water phase materials, and is prepared from 76-81% of ammonium nitrate, 5-12% of calcium salt, 3-5% of potassium chloride and 8-12% of water phase materials, wherein the explosive is prepared from the second-level coal mine allowable emulsion explosive, and the explosive is prepared from the third-level coal mine allowable emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the water phase materials to the oil phase materials of the rock type emulsion explosive is 93.5:6.5, and the mass ratio of the coal mine allowable emulsion explosive water phase materials to the oil phase materials is 93.8: 6.2.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the device is used for coarse emulsification, firstly, mixed water phase materials are added into the tank body 11, then the cover 12 is covered, oil phase materials are added into the rectangular shell I44 through the feed inlet 45, then the motor 22 is started, the motor 22 rotates clockwise to drive the rod body 261 to rotate and further drive the stop block II 262 to rotate, the stop block II 262 compresses the spring 244, when the spring 244 is compressed to the limit, the stop block I243 is pushed and further drives the connecting ring 241 to rotate, the connecting ring 241 drives the stirring rod I25 to rotate clockwise and further stir, meanwhile, the gear I23 rotates along with the rod body 261, the gear I23 drives the gear II 31 to rotate, the gear II 31 drives the central shaft 32 to rotate, the central shaft 32 drives the stirring rod II 34 to rotate anticlockwise, the rotation directions of the stirring rod I25 and the stirring rod II 34 are opposite, and further, the water phase materials and the oil phase materials in the tank body 11 are irregularly mixed, the mixing efficiency is accelerated; meanwhile, as the length of the stirring rod I25 is greater than the distance between the rod body 261 and the central shaft 32, when the stirring rod I25 rotates to be in contact with the lantern ring 33 at the corresponding height on the central shaft 32, the rotation stops, the spring 244 is continuously compressed, until all the stirring rods I25 are in contact with the corresponding lantern ring 33, the motor 22 is reversely started and rotates anticlockwise to drive the stirring rod I25 and the stirring rod II 34 to reversely rotate so as to accelerate the mixing, meanwhile, when the stirring rod I25 is not in contact with the lantern ring 33, the lantern ring 33 drives the stirring rod III 36 to swing left and right along with the flowing direction of nearby liquid until the stirring rod I25 is in contact with the lantern ring 33, the clamping blocks on the lantern ring 33 are embedded in the clamping grooves on the stirring rod I25, so that the lantern ring 33 can not swing along with the nearby liquid, and the stirring rods III 36 are fixed at different positions along with the flowing of the liquid in the tank body 11, the stirring rod III 36 is fixed and can also play a role in accelerating stirring and promoting the emulsification efficiency; after the motor 22 is started reversely, the stirring rod I25 rotates reversely to the other direction, the lantern ring 33 is fixed again, and the process is repeated; along with II 31 rotations of gear, drive the motion of round bar I41, and then drive the motion of connecting rod 42, connecting rod 42 drives rectangle casing I44 and slides along spout 15, and rectangle casing I44 drives the motion of overhead gage 49, and then drives rotation baffle 410 and rotate, and rotation baffle 410 rotates under the effect of rack 16, makes through-hole I48, through-hole II 410 intercommunication or not communicate, makes the oil phase material interval in it fall into jar 11 in, and then avoids the material to pile up, influences emulsification efficiency.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The preparation device of the emulsion explosive containing the calcium salt is characterized in that: comprises a storage tank (1), a stirring device I (2), a stirring device II (3) and an intermittent feeding device (4); a stirring device II (3) is arranged in the center of the storage tank (1), a stirring device I (2) is arranged at the eccentric position of the storage tank (1), and the stirring device I (2) and the stirring device II (3) are matched with each other; the intermittent feeding device (4) is arranged at the upper end of the storage tank (1), and the intermittent feeding device (4) is connected with the stirring device II (3);

the storage tank (1) comprises a tank body (11), a cover (12) and a rack (16); the cover (12) is connected to the upper end of the tank body (11) through threads, a round hole I (14) is formed in the center of the top end of the cover (12), and a round hole II (13) and a sliding groove (15) are formed in the two sides of the round hole I (14) respectively; the rack (16) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cover (12), and the rack (16) is positioned on the side surface of the sliding groove (15);

the stirring device I (2) comprises a motor bracket (21), a motor (22), a gear I (23), a connecting ring (24), a plurality of stirring rods I (25) and a fixing rod (26); the motor (22) is fixedly connected to the cover (12) through a motor support (21), and an output shaft of the motor (22) penetrates through the round hole II (13) and is fixedly connected with a fixing rod (26); the fixed rod (26) is fixedly connected with a gear I (23), and a plurality of connecting rings (24) are uniformly distributed on the fixed rod (26) from top to bottom; each connecting ring (24) is fixedly connected with a corresponding stirring rod I (25); a clamping groove is formed in the side face of each stirring rod I (25);

each connecting ring (24) comprises a circular ring (241), a stop I (243) and a spring (244); the fixed rod (26) comprises a rod body (261) and a stop block II (262); an annular groove (242) is formed in the inner circular surface of the circular ring (241), the circular ring (241) is sleeved on the rod body (261) through a bearing, and a stop block I (243) is fixedly connected inside the annular groove (242); a stop block II (262) is fixedly connected to the outer circular surface of the rod body (261), and the stop block II (262) is in sliding fit with the annular groove (242); one end of the spring (244) is fixedly connected to the stop block I (243), and the other end of the spring (244) is fixedly connected to the stop block II (262);

the stirring device II (3) comprises a gear II (31), a central shaft (32), a lantern ring (33), a stirring rod II (34) and a stirring rod III (36); the gear II (31) is connected into the round hole I (14) through a bearing, the gear II (31) is meshed with the gear I (23), and an insertion hole (35) is formed in the eccentric position of the upper end of the gear II (31); the central shaft (32) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom end of the gear II (31), and annular grooves corresponding to the connecting rings (24) in number and height are formed in the outer circular surface of the central shaft (32); each stirring rod II (34) is fixedly connected between two adjacent annular grooves of the central shaft (32); each lantern ring (33) is sleeved in the annular groove through a bearing, and a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on the outer circular surface of each lantern ring (33); each stirring rod III (36) is fixedly connected to the outer circular surface of the corresponding lantern ring (33); and a clamping block on the lantern ring (33) is in embedded sliding fit with a clamping groove on the side surface of the stirring rod I (25).

2. The apparatus for preparing an emulsion explosive containing calcium salt according to claim 1, wherein: the intermittent feeding device (4) comprises a round rod I (41), a connecting rod (42), a round rod II (43), a rectangular shell I (44), a U-shaped connecting rod (46), a rectangular shell II (47), an upper baffle (49) and a rotating baffle (410); two sides of the lower end of the connecting rod (42) are respectively and fixedly connected with a round rod I (41) and a round rod II (43); the lower end of the round rod I (41) is connected into the jack (35) through a bearing, and the lower end of the round rod II (43) is connected onto the rectangular shell I (44) through a bearing; a feeding hole (45) is formed in the side face of the rectangular shell I (44), and a U-shaped connecting rod (46) is fixedly connected to the side face of the rectangular shell I (44); the other end of the U-shaped connecting rod (46) is fixedly connected with a rectangular shell II (47); a rotating baffle (410) is arranged between the rectangular shell I (44) and the rectangular shell II (47), and a discharge hole is formed in the lower end of the rectangular shell II (47); an upper baffle plate (49) is fixedly connected in the rectangular shell I (44); the upper baffle (49) is positioned above the rotating baffle (410), the rotating baffle (410) is connected with the lower end of the upper baffle (49) through a rotating shaft, and a groove body matched with the rack (16) is arranged on the outer side of the rotating baffle (410); the upper baffle (49) is provided with a through hole I (48), and the rotating baffle (410) is provided with a through hole II (411).

3. A method for producing an emulsion explosive using the apparatus for producing an emulsion explosive containing a calcium salt according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following steps:

step three: filtering and metering the water phase material obtained in the step one, and inputting the water phase material into a tank body (11) through a pump; then, filtering and metering the oil phase material obtained in the step two, and inputting the oil phase material into a tank body (11) through a pump; then, stirring and coarse milk are carried out on the two through a stirring device I (2) and a stirring device II (3); then, pumping a substrate obtained by mixing the water phase material and the oil phase material into a static emulsifier for fine emulsification;

step five: finally, an automatic charging machine is used for charging, and the charging density is controlled to be 1.00-1.30g/cm³The density of the medicated roll is controlled to be 0.95-1.25g/cm³And finishing the preparation.

4. A process for the preparation of an emulsion explosive according to claim 3 wherein: the temperature for preparing the water phase material in the first step is 90 +/-2 ℃; preparing an oil phase material at 88 +/-2 ℃ in the second step; and step four, sensitizing and charging temperature phi 70mm above large-diameter medicated rolls 75 +/-5 ℃ and phi 29-35mm small-diameter medicated rolls 80 +/-5 ℃.

5. A process for the preparation of an emulsion explosive according to claim 3 wherein: the speed of pumping into the static emulsifier in the third step is controlled in phi 29-phi 35mm small diameter medicated roll of 3-4.8 ton/h and phi 70mm large diameter medicated roll of 5-10 ton/h.

6. A process for the preparation of an emulsion explosive according to claim 3 wherein: the water phase material prepared in the first step comprises 80-85% of ammonium nitrate, 5-12% of calcium salt, 0% of potassium chloride, 8-12% of water or 76-81% of ammonium nitrate, 5-12% of calcium salt, 3-5% of potassium chloride, 8-12% of water or 74-79% of ammonium nitrate, 5-12% of calcium salt, 5-7% of potassium chloride and 7-11% of water by weight.