CN113831055B - Responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the adsorbent comprises the following steps: 1) Adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into a NaOH solution to obtain a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution; adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into a NaOH solution to obtain a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution; adding chitosan into an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution; 2) Uniformly mixing a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and a chitosan solution to obtain a mixed solution, sequentially adding epoxy chloropropane and pentanedione, uniformly stirring, removing bubbles, and heating to obtain hydrogel; 3) And purifying the hydrogel, crushing and drying to obtain the adsorbent. Compared with the prior art, the invention can effectively reduce the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions in concrete and improve the chloride ion corrosion resistance of concrete in an erosion environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials and building engineering, and relates to a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
One of the biggest threats to concrete structure in the application of deicing salt in marine environment and northern area is the corrosion disease of steel bars induced by the corrosion of chloride ions in the environment. Inside the chloride ion invasion concrete for the reinforcing bar exposes in the chloride ion environment, causes the destruction of reinforcing bar passive film, further aggravates the corrosion of reinforcing bar, thereby has leaded to the destruction of concrete overall structure. In the current construction engineering, various technical approaches for improving the chloride ion corrosion resistance of concrete exist, but certain technical and application limitations exist, for example, once the most common surface protection is broken through, the steel bar still faces corrosion damage, and the engineering structure faces huge threats. Therefore, based on the characteristics of the concrete material, an efficient and stable method for resisting chloride ion corrosion is further found from the internal composition and structure, and the method is an important development direction of long-life service of the concrete material in the future severe environment.
The key point for improving the anti-chlorine ion erosion capability of concrete is to reduce the concentration of free chlorine ions in the concrete, and the following three approaches are mainly adopted: the surface layer protection limits the chlorine ions from entering the concrete; slowing down the diffusion rate of chloride ions in the concrete through the compact body; the content of physically or chemically bound chloride ions is enhanced by the functional material.
At present, the effect of improving the impermeability of concrete is obvious from the angle of improving the compactness of the concrete; the concrete is doped with other cementing materials, the binding capacity to chloride ions is limited, other special components such as LDHs, nano particles, anion exchange resin and the like are directly added into the concrete, the binding effect to the chloride ions is limited, the reinforcing steel bar can still be corroded in a high-concentration chloride solution, and the dopant has obvious negative effects on the mechanical property and the working property of the concrete, so that the concrete cannot be popularized and applied in a large area in structural concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof. The adsorbent has targeted responsiveness to chloride ions and can efficiently adsorb the chloride ions, effectively reduce the content of free chloride ions in concrete, delay the diffusion depth of the chloride ions in the concrete, reduce the diffusion coefficient of the chloride ions in the concrete, improve the resistance of the concrete to corrosion of the chloride ions, and further improve the service life of the concrete material in the environments rich in chloride ions, such as marine environment, freeze-thaw deicing salt and the like.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent comprises the following steps:
1) Adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into a NaOH solution to obtain a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution; adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into a NaOH solution to obtain a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution; adding chitosan into an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) Uniformly mixing a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and a chitosan solution to obtain a mixed solution, sequentially adding epoxy chloropropane and pentanedione, uniformly stirring, removing bubbles, and heating to obtain hydrogel;
3) And purifying the hydrogel, crushing and drying to obtain the adsorbent.
Further, in the step 1), in the NaOH solution, the solvent is water, and the mass percentage of NaOH is 5% -10%; in the acetic acid solution, the mass percentage of the solvent water and the acetic acid is 2 to 5 percent; in the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the mass percentage of hydroxyethyl cellulose is 5-15%; in the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, the mass percentage of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is 10-30%; in the chitosan solution, the mass percentage of chitosan is 2-5%.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the hydroxyethyl cellulose is more than 350000, and the substitution degree of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is more than or equal to 95%.
Further, in step 1), the preparation process of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution is as follows: adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into NaOH solution at the rotation speed of 800-1000r/min and the temperature of 35-45 ℃, adjusting the rotation speed to 100-300r/min, continuously stirring for 7-9h, adjusting the temperature to 15-25 ℃, and continuously stirring for 3-5h; the preparation process of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution comprises the following steps: adding the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into the NaOH solution under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000-1200r/min, then adjusting the rotating speed to 100-300r/min, and continuously stirring for 10-14h; the preparation process of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid solution at the rotation speed of 600-800r/min, and stirring for 5-7h.
Further, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and the chitosan solution is 2 (4-6) to (0.8-1.2), and the mixture is stirred for 20-30min after mixing.
Further, in the step 2), under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200-1500r/min, adding epoxy chloropropane into the mixed solution, controlling the dripping time to be 2-4min, then adding pentanedione and stirring, wherein the time from the beginning of dripping to the completion of stirring is 10-15min; the mass percentage of the epichlorohydrin is 10-20%, and the mass percentage of the pentanedione is 2-4%.
Further, in step 2), bubbles are removed by ultrasound; the heating temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the heating time is 7-9h.
Further, in the step 3), the purification treatment process comprises: sequentially washing the hydrogel with ethanol and water, soaking the hydrogel in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percentage of 4-10%, taking out the hydrogel and placing the hydrogel in water after soaking for 10-14h, and replacing the water once every 0.8-1.2h, wherein the water replacement frequency is more than or equal to 12 times. In the purification treatment process, other ions generated in the process of synthesizing the hydrogel are replaced by hydroxide ions through soaking by alkali, then redundant sodium hydroxide and unreacted raw materials are further removed by water, and the water is replaced for multiple times until the pH value of the solution is neutral.
Further, in the step 3), the crushing process is carried out in a crusher, and the rotating speed of the crusher is 15000-20000r/min; the drying process is carried out in a vacuum drying oven, the vacuum drying temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the vacuum degree in the vacuum drying oven is less than or equal to 60Pa.
The responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent is prepared by adopting the method.
An application of a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent in concrete. When the cement admixture is applied, the adsorbent is added into a concrete mixture, and the mixing amount of the adsorbent is 1-5% of the mass of the cement. The adsorbent and the cementing material can be fully and uniformly mixed firstly, then the mixture and the aggregate are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is added with mixing water to be stirred and formed, and the mixture is cured under the standard curing condition. Wherein, the adsorbent and the gelled material are fully and uniformly mixed by adopting a mechanical strong stirring mode, and the aim is to avoid the influence of agglomeration of the adsorbent after water is added on the working performance of the mixture.
The invention provides a technology for using responsive high molecular polymer hydrogel as a chloride ion targeted adsorbent by virtue of the sensitivity of the ion responsive hydrogel to ions in the environment. The hydrogel is a crosslinked type high molecular polymer formed by chemical bonding, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals' force or physical entanglement and having a complicated three-dimensional network structure due to the hydrophilic group (e.g., -NH) therein 2 、-COOH、-OH、-CONH 2 、-CONH-、-SO 3 H, etc.), the hydrogel can absorb a large amount of water to swell, the water absorption capacity can reach dozens of times or even thousands of times of the dry weight of the hydrogel, and the network-shaped cross-linked structure ensures that the hydrogel is not dissolved. The intelligent hydrogel has response characteristics to external environment changes, and when external environment conditions (temperature, pH, magnetic field, electric field, light, ion concentration and the like) change, the intelligent hydrogel can generate response changes of properties such as self volume, phase state, modulus and the like.
In the aspect of water treatment, the ion-responsive hydrogel is used for adsorbing heavy metal ions, anionic dye and water eutrophication substances, and the ions and network structures and functional groups in the hydrogel are subjected to physical adsorption and chemical adsorption to achieve the effect of ion solidification, so that the ion quantity in the solution is reduced. And the physicochemical property of the ion-responsive hydrogel can change along with the change of the concentration of external ions, and researches show that the ion-responsive hydrogel has response characteristics to various ions, and the response characteristics of the ion-responsive hydrogel depend on the network structure of the hydrogel and the types of internal functional groups. The hydrogel with single responsiveness can be prepared into the hydrogel with composite responsiveness by introducing different functional groups, so that more functional characteristics are given to the hydrogel, such as the hydrogel with both ion responsiveness and temperature responsiveness.
According to the invention, the types of functional groups are designed, and quaternary ammonium salt groups show electropositivity in a solution and can effectively adsorb anions, so that the negative-charged quaternary ammonium groups with an adsorption effect on chloride ions are introduced onto a hydrogel chain, and the hydrogel chain can generate targeted response adsorption on the chloride ions. According to the invention, the porous structure of the hydrogel is fully utilized, and the hydrogel ion stimulus response function is endowed by changing the functional groups, so that the self-recognition and self-response to the change of the concentration of the chloride ions in the concrete are realized, the aim of adsorbing and curing the chloride ions in a targeted manner is further achieved, and an effective way is provided for improving the corrosion resistance of the cement-based material.
The invention successfully utilizes hydroxyethyl cellulose, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, sodium hydroxide, pentanedione, epichlorohydrin and the like as raw materials, combines proper reaction conditions and a process method to prepare the chloride ion targeted adsorbent, and can realize the response change to chloride ions and carry out targeted adsorption and solidification. Functional groups in the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt comprise hydroxyl, amino and quaternary ammonium groups, the protonated amino has an adsorption effect on chloride ions, and the quaternary ammonium groups have strong electropositivity and have an adsorption effect on chloride ions, so that the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is used as a main raw material; electrostatic repulsion among cations in the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt can prevent high-molecular chains from undergoing a crosslinking reaction, and epoxy chloropropane and pentanedione are used as crosslinking agents, so that the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt hydrogel is difficult to generate, and the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt needs to be crosslinked with other high-molecular materials; the hydroxyethyl cellulose and the chitosan can keep the shape of the hydrogel, improve the micropore structure of the hydrogel and improve the adsorption capacity of the hydrogel, so the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and the two materials are combined, and the adsorbent is obtained by chemically crosslinking epichlorohydrin and pentanedione in a specific environment. The adsorbent is applied to concrete, can stably adsorb chloride ions invading into the concrete, obviously reduces the content of free chloride ions and reduces the diffusion rate of the free chloride ions in the concrete, thereby improving the chloride ion corrosion resistance of the concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1) In the invention, the main raw materials adopted by the adsorbent are hydroxyethyl cellulose, chitosan and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, the adsorbent is a green high polymer material with wide sources, the raw materials are easy to obtain and the cost is low, and the prepared adsorbent is a product with a specific particle size (30-90 microns) obtained by drying hydrogel. The use method of the adsorbent is simple, the adsorbent can be used after being directly premixed with the cementing material, and compared with the traditional mode of compacting by vibration and controlling the cementing material to solidify chloride ions, the adsorbent has fewer using limiting factors, simpler and more convenient construction and better effect; compared with functional materials such as LDHs and the like, the invention has the advantages of lower cost, simple and convenient application, good compatibility with a concrete matrix, no reduction of the mechanical property of the concrete and wide application potential.
2) According to the invention, the chloride ion targeted adsorbent is synthesized by a one-pot method in a chemical crosslinking mode, the free chloride ion content of the adsorbent in concrete is reduced, and the diffusion of chloride ions in concrete is effectively slowed down, and researches show that the free chloride ion content of the concrete doped with the chloride ion targeted adsorbent is reduced by about 65% relative to a reference sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the concentration of free chlorine ions of concrete according to the depth in the example.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The invention provides a preparation method of a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into a NaOH solution to obtain a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution; adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into a NaOH solution to obtain a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution; adding chitosan into an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) Uniformly mixing a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and a chitosan solution to obtain a mixed solution, sequentially adding epoxy chloropropane and pentanedione, uniformly stirring, removing bubbles, and heating to obtain hydrogel;
3) And purifying the hydrogel, crushing and drying to obtain the adsorbent.
In the step 1), in the NaOH solution, the solvent is water, and the mass percentage of NaOH is 5-10%; in the acetic acid solution, the solvent is water, and the mass percentage of the acetic acid is 2-5%; in the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the mass percentage of the hydroxyethyl cellulose is 5-15%; in the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, the mass percentage of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is 10-30%; in the chitosan solution, the mass percentage of chitosan is 2-5%. The preparation process of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution comprises the following steps: adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into NaOH solution at the rotation speed of 800-1000r/min and the temperature of 35-45 ℃, then adjusting the rotation speed to 100-300r/min, continuously stirring for 7-9h, adjusting the temperature to 15-25 ℃, and continuously stirring for 3-5h; the preparation process of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution comprises the following steps: adding the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into NaOH solution under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000-1200r/min, then adjusting the rotating speed to 100-300r/min, and continuing stirring for 10-14h; the preparation process of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid solution at the rotation speed of 600-800r/min, and stirring for 5-7h.
In the step 2), the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and the chitosan solution is 2 (4-6) to 0.8-1.2, and the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and the chitosan solution are mixed and stirred for 20-30min. Under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200-1500r/min, adding epoxy chloropropane into the mixed solution, controlling the dripping time to be 2-4min, then adding pentanedione and stirring, and controlling the time from the beginning of dripping to the completion of stirring to be 10-15min; the mass percentage of the epichlorohydrin is 10-20%, and the mass percentage of the pentanedione is 2-4%. Removing bubbles by ultrasound; the heating temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the heating time is 7-9h.
In the step 3), the purification treatment process comprises the following steps: sequentially washing the hydrogel with ethanol and water, soaking the hydrogel in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percentage of 4-10%, taking out the hydrogel and placing the hydrogel in water after soaking for 10-14h, and replacing the water once every 0.8-1.2h, wherein the water replacement frequency is more than or equal to 12 times. The crushing process is carried out in a crusher, and the rotating speed of the crusher is 15000-20000r/min; the drying process is carried out in a vacuum drying oven, the vacuum drying temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the vacuum degree in the vacuum drying oven is less than or equal to 60Pa.
The invention also provides a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent, which is prepared by adopting the method.
The invention also provides application of the responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent in concrete.
The embodiment is as follows:
the main raw materials for preparing the chloride ion targeted adsorbent comprise hydroxyethyl cellulose, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, pentanedione, epichlorohydrin and the like, and are specifically shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 reagents used
The table 2 is obtained by calculation according to the mix proportion design of the chloride ion targeted adsorbent.
TABLE 2 solution proportioning design
The three solutions were mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, and the specific mixing ratio and the amount of the crosslinking agent were as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 mixture ratio design
Raw materials for preparing common concrete: p.o 42.5 portland cement; the natural river sand is medium sand with fineness modulus of 2.7, and each index meets the standard specification requirement of building sand (GB/T14684-2011); 5-40 mm selected graded pebbles are selected, and all indexes meet the standard specification requirements of building pebbles and gravels (GB/T14685-2011). The mixing water directly uses pure tap water, and all indexes of the mixing water meet the standard specification requirement of concrete mixing water standard (JGJ 63-2006). The mix proportion design is carried out according to the design rule of common concrete mix proportion (JGJ 55-2011), and the strength grade of the concrete design is C40. The compounding ratios are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 concrete mix proportions
The preparation and application method of the chloride ion targeted adsorbent specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of 9% NaOH solution and 3% acetic acid solution.
S2: slowly adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into a NaOH solution at the rotation speed of 1000r/min and the temperature of 40 ℃, adjusting the rotation speed to 300r/min, stirring for 8 hours, adjusting the temperature to 20 ℃, and continuously stirring for 4 hours at the rotation speed of 300r/min to obtain a 7% hydroxyethyl cellulose solution; slowly adding the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into the NaOH solution at the rotation speed of 1200r/min, then adjusting the rotation speed of 300r/min, and stirring for 12h to obtain a 10% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution: adding chitosan into acetic acid solution at rotation speed of 800r/min, and stirring for 6h to obtain 2% chitosan solution. Mixing the three solutions to obtain a mixed solution.
S3: under the condition of the rotating speed of 1500r/min, epoxy chloropropane is added into the mixed solution, the dropping time is 3min, then pentanedione is added, and the time from the beginning of dropping to the completion of stirring is 10 min. Sealing the container to prevent the organic solvent from volatilizing, removing bubbles in the mixed solution by ultrasonic, and then heating in an oven at 60 ℃ for 8h.
S4: washing with ethanol, washing with deionized water, and soaking the hydrogel in 10% sodium hydroxide solution for 12 hr.
S5: the hydrogel was placed in deionized water and the deionized water was changed every 1h for 12 times. Then crushing and drying are carried out, and the specific steps are as follows: taking out the hydrogel from the deionized water, wiping off excessive water on the surface, putting the hydrogel in a crusher at the rotating speed of 15000r/min, taking out the crushed hydrogel, putting the crushed hydrogel in a polytetrafluoroethylene container, and drying the crushed hydrogel in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 50 Pa.
S6: according to the design of the mixing proportion, chloride ion targeted adsorbents with the mass fractions of 2% and 5% of the mass of the cement are mixed into the common concrete, and the adsorbents are fully mixed with the cement under the mechanical stirring.
S7: and mixing the mixture with aggregate, adding mixing water, stirring and forming.
S8: and (5) curing under standard conditions.
The dosage of each group of adsorbents is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 concrete mix proportion of chloride ion-doped targeted adsorbent
And (3) maintaining the sample to be 56d in age, keeping the upper surface of the sample, sealing the other surfaces by using epoxy resin, sealing and soaking in 165g/L NaCl solution for 3 months, keeping the test environment temperature at 20 +/-2 ℃, and replacing the soaking solution every 30 days. After soaking, take out the test block and wash the surface with a small amount of deionized water, wait that the surface dries the back at the exposed face interval 3mm degree of depth, use the sample of high accuracy milling machine grinding. The water-soluble chloride ion content was measured according to the method for detecting the chloride ion content in hardened concrete in technical specification for detecting chloride ion content in concrete (JGJ/T322-2013), and the results are shown in fig. 1.
The chloride ion content test result shows that the response concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent can effectively reduce the free chloride ion content in the concrete at each depth from the sample. Wherein, the free chlorine ion content of the concrete with 5 percent of the doping amount of the adsorbent is reduced by about 65 percent compared with that of the blank concrete; when the doping amount of the adsorbent is 2%, the effect of reducing the content of free chloride ions is still maintained, and the doping of the adsorbent can obviously improve the chloride ion corrosion resistance of concrete.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into a NaOH solution to obtain a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution; adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into NaOH solution to obtain chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution; adding chitosan into an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) Uniformly mixing a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and a chitosan solution to obtain a mixed solution, sequentially adding epoxy chloropropane and pentanedione, uniformly stirring, removing bubbles, and heating to obtain hydrogel;
3) Purifying the hydrogel, crushing and drying to obtain the adsorbent;
in the step 1), in the NaOH solution, the solvent is water, and the mass percentage of NaOH is 5-10%; in the acetic acid solution, the mass percentage of the solvent water and the acetic acid is 2 to 5 percent; in the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the mass percentage of the hydroxyethyl cellulose is 5-15%; in the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution, the mass percentage of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is 10-30%; in the chitosan solution, the mass percentage of chitosan is 2-5%;
in the step 2), the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and the chitosan solution is 2 (4-6) to 0.8-1.2, and the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution and the chitosan solution are mixed and stirred for 20-30min.
2. The preparation method of the responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the preparation process of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution is as follows: adding hydroxyethyl cellulose into NaOH solution at the rotation speed of 800-1000r/min and the temperature of 35-45 ℃, adjusting the rotation speed to 100-300r/min, continuously stirring for 7-9h, adjusting the temperature to 15-25 ℃, and continuously stirring for 3-5h; the preparation process of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution comprises the following steps: adding the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into NaOH solution under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000-1200r/min, then adjusting the rotating speed to 100-300r/min, and continuing stirring for 10-14h; the preparation process of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid solution at the rotation speed of 600-800r/min, and stirring for 5-7h.
3. The preparation method of the responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), under the condition that the rotation speed is 1200-1500r/min, the epoxy chloropropane is added into the mixed solution, the dropping time is controlled to be 2-4min, then the pentanedione is added and stirred, and the time from the beginning of dropping to the completion of stirring is 10-15min; the mass percentage of the epichlorohydrin is 10-20%, and the mass percentage of the pentanedione is 2-4%.
4. The preparation method of the responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), bubbles are removed by ultrasound; the heating temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the heating time is 7-9h.
5. The preparation method of the responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the purification treatment process comprises: sequentially washing the hydrogel with ethanol and water, then soaking the hydrogel in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percentage of 4-10%, taking out the hydrogel after soaking for 10-14h, placing the hydrogel in water, and replacing the water every 0.8-1.2h, wherein the water replacement frequency is more than or equal to 12 times.
6. The preparation method of the responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the pulverization process is performed in a pulverizer, and the rotation speed of the pulverizer is 15000-20000r/min; the drying process is carried out in a vacuum drying oven, the vacuum drying temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the vacuum degree in the vacuum drying oven is less than or equal to 60Pa.
7. A responsive concrete chloride ion targeted adsorbent, which is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Use of the responsive concrete chloride ion-targeted adsorbent of claim 7 in concrete.
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