CN113829417B - PFA spring cutting method and device - Google Patents
PFA spring cutting method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113829417B CN113829417B CN202111110867.9A CN202111110867A CN113829417B CN 113829417 B CN113829417 B CN 113829417B CN 202111110867 A CN202111110867 A CN 202111110867A CN 113829417 B CN113829417 B CN 113829417B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
- B26D3/10—Making cuts of other than simple rectilinear form
- B26D3/11—Making cuts of other than simple rectilinear form to obtain pieces of spiral or helical form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
- B26D5/086—Electric, magnetic, piezoelectric, electro-magnetic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/01—Means for holding or positioning work
- B26D7/02—Means for holding or positioning work with clamping means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a PFA spring cutting method and a PFA spring cutting device, wherein a low-speed double helix automatic cutting method is used for cutting a PFA spring, so that the problem that a plastic material is softened by heat and deformed in a machining process is avoided; the machining amount of the support ring is accurately reserved by calculating the machining stroke, and the problem that the support ring cannot be machined during the turning of the PFA spring is solved; through the strict control spring cutting process, effectively solve the bending in the spring cutting process, the scheduling problem of rupture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of engineering plastic processing, and particularly relates to a cutting processing method and a cutting processing device for a soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA) spring.
Background
Soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA) springs are commonly used in pumps and valves in the semiconductor field as fluidic components because of their excellent corrosion and chemical resistance. The conventional processing methods of metal springs, such as winding, linear cutting, laser cutting and the like, are not suitable for PFA thermoplastic materials, and the processing methods mostly adopt injection molding, but the mold production and manufacturing are complex, the cost is high, and the springs are easy to be pulled, deformed and damaged when being taken out by injection molding, so the springs sometimes need to be formed by adopting a machining method, but the conventional machining methods, such as turning and the like, can cause thermal softening of the PFA materials, the dimensional precision of finished products is difficult to guarantee, and the PFA springs with support rings cannot be processed due to the limitation of a tool starting point when the PFA springs are turned, and with the continuous development of the modern machining industry, new challenges are provided for the processing quality and efficiency of the PFA material springs.
Currently, there is no specific method and apparatus suitable for machining PFA springs in the related art. Patent application No. CN202022219449.0 discloses a plastic spring production device, which is injection-molded by feeding plastic into a feed inlet, but the device is complicated and expensive. For example, patent No. CN202010613022.0 discloses a method for processing a small-diameter circular coil spring, in which metal is solid-dissolved in vacuum at a high temperature and wound on a mandrel using a lathe, but this method is only applicable to a metal spring and the winding accuracy is difficult to ensure. For example, patent application No. CN201910587107.3 discloses a rectangular spiral initial tension spring processing method, which increases torque in the process of cold-drawing a spring steel wire to enable the spring to have high bearing capacity and initial tension, but the method is not suitable for a plastic spring, the torque control is difficult, the process is complicated, and the efficiency is not high. For example, a patent with application number 201120378727.5 discloses a PFA spring cutting device, wherein one end of a PFA tube is arranged on a clamping sleeve at one end of a lead screw, the other end of the PFA tube is plugged into a cutting hole of a cutter seat, the lead screw is driven to rotate by rotating a handle, and the PFA tube passes through the cutting hole and is cut into a spiral strip shape. For example, patent No. 201110301033.6 discloses a method for manufacturing a PFA spring, in which a spiral strip-shaped PFA tube is wound on a shaping screw rod, and a PFA spring is obtained by heat treatment, but the mechanical properties of the PFA in an initial state are likely to be changed by the winding method, and the consistency of the manufactured spring is greatly affected.
Therefore, if a one-step forming method and an automatic cutting device suitable for the PFA spring can be provided without changing the mechanical properties of the PFA material, so as to increase the efficiency of the PFA spring preparation, ensure the consistency of the PFA spring, and expand the application range of the PFA spring in the semiconductor field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a PFA spring cutting processing method and a PFA spring cutting processing device aiming at the problem that PFA springs are difficult to machine. The invention relates to a PFA spring cutting device for multi-axis linkage machine processing, in particular to an accurate positioning tool setting device based on angle control, which is a workpiece clamping device clamped by an inner support, and is a PFA spring processing method based on a thin-walled tube double helix wire cutting process, and is a process method for accurately reserving the processing amount of support rings at two sides of a spring by calculating the free height and a tool lifting point, and is a method for maintaining the rigidity of the spring in the processing process and controlling the processing deformation by the workpiece clamping device, and is a PFA spring cutting device integrating multi-axis servo drive, tool setting visual detection and double helix wire cutting.
The PFA spring cutting and processing method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, calculating a spring pitch diameter D according to design parameters of a PFA spring, and taking 1/4-1/2 of the spring pitch diameter D as a pitch t of the spring; then, the support ring height X = (H) is calculated 0 + b-Nt)/2, helix angle
Axial distance L = H from spiral feed 0 -2X; the design parameters of the PFA spring comprise the length a of the rectangular section of the spring, the width b of the rectangular section of the spring, the effective number of turns N of the spring and the outer diameter D of the spring 1 Inner diameter d of spring 1 And a free height H 0 ；
Step two, selecting the length larger than H 0 The position of the tailstock on a sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table is adjusted according to the length of the PFA pipe material, and after the PFA pipe material is adjusted, two through holes of the tailstock are respectively connected with two positioning holes of one positioning hole group on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table through bolts; then, sleeving the PFA pipe material outside the internal support type clamp, clamping the PFA pipe material by using a three-jaw chuck, and ensuring that the length of the PFA pipe material exceeding the three-jaw chuck is longer than H after clamping 0 ；
Rotating and fixing a nut in a tailstock supporting hole to form a bolt type center of a screw pair, screwing the bolt type center into a threaded hole of an internal support type clamp, and tightly supporting the PFA pipe material, so that two ends of the PFA pipe material are fixed;
fourthly, the rotating motor drives the cutter bar to rotate in a four-way mode, when laser emitted by the laser range finder is shot into a cutter blade groove of the cutter bar, the laser stroke changes, the time required by the laser range finder to receive reflected light changes and is fed back to the controller, the controller controls the rotating motor to stop rotating in a four-way mode, the hard alloy cutter blade is parallel to the X axis at the moment, the front cutter face of the hard alloy cutter blade is opposite to the laser range finder, and the controller records that the position of the hard alloy cutter blade at the moment is 0 degree; then, the Y-direction sliding table is driven by a first rotating motor to drive a second rotating motor, a three-jaw chuck, an inner support type clamp, a PFA pipe material, a bolt type tip and a tailstock to synchronously move along a Y axis, so that the position part, close to the tailstock, of the PFA pipe material B is positioned below the hard alloy blade; finally, the Z-direction sliding table is driven by the rotating motor III to drive the rotating motor IV, the cutter bar and the hard alloy blade to move downwards, meanwhile, the three-jaw chuck is driven by the rotating motor II to rotate to perform Z-direction tool setting until the hard alloy blade is contacted with the PFA pipe material, the Z-direction tool setting is completed, the controller records the relative position of the hard alloy blade and the PFA pipe material at the moment, and the coordinate of the tool nose of the hard alloy blade at the moment is set as the origin (0, 0);
step five, the three-jaw chuck keeps rotating, the Z-direction sliding table is driven by the rotating motor III to drive the hard alloy blade to move downwards by 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) Cutting a support ring at one end of the spring;
step six, stopping the three-jaw chuck, driving the hard alloy blade to move upwards and retract by a rotating motor III, moving the Y-direction sliding table to the positive direction of the Y axis by X + L, driving the cutter bar and the hard alloy blade to rotate forwards by an angle alpha by a rotating motor IV, and then setting the cutting depth h;
seventhly, moving the Z-direction sliding table downwards to enable the hard alloy blade to cut into the PFA pipe material to a cutting depth h;
step eight, setting the rotating speed m of the three-jaw chuck and the feeding speed v = mt of the Y-direction sliding table, and setting the rotating speed of the first rotating motor according to the lead of the Y-direction sliding table; then, the controller controls the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor to move simultaneously, so that the Y-direction sliding table is fed towards the negative direction of the Y axis, the three-jaw chuck rotates reversely, when the feeding amount of the Y-direction sliding table is L, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor stop moving simultaneously, and a first spiral line is machined preliminarily;
step nine, the rotary motor III drives the hard alloy blade to move upwards to retract the cutter, and then the rotary motor IV drives the hard alloy blade to rotate reversely by the angle alpha and return to the position of 0 degree; then, the rotating motor III drives the hard alloy blade to move downwards to the cutting depth h, and the three-jaw chuck rotates reversely under the drive of the rotating motor II
The hard alloy blade cuts on the joint surface of the support ring close to the tailstock and the first spiral line until the hard alloy blade is positioned at the starting point of the second spiral line;
step ten, driving the hard alloy blade to move upwards and retract by a rotating motor III, then driving the hard alloy blade to rotate in the reverse direction by 180-alpha by a rotating motor IV, and moving a Z-direction sliding table downwards until the cutting depth is h; then, the controller controls the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor to move simultaneously, so that the Y-direction sliding table feeds to the positive direction of the Y axis at a feeding speed v, the three-jaw chuck rotates at a rotating speed m in the positive direction, and when the feeding amount of the Y-direction sliding table is L, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor stop moving simultaneously, and a second spiral line is preliminarily processed;
step eleven, a rotary motor III drives the hard alloy blade to move upwards to retract, and then a rotary motor IV drives the hard alloy blade to rotate 180 degrees in the forward direction; then, the three-jaw chuck rotates forwards by beta under the drive of a second rotating motor, and at the moment, the hard alloy blade is changed from the end point aligned with the second spiral line to the starting point aligned with the first spiral line;
step twelve, setting the cutting depth h to increase d, and repeating the step seven to the step eleven;
thirteen step, repeat the step twelve until the cutting depth h is more than or equal to 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) Then repeating the step twelve for the last time;
step fourteen, driving the hard alloy blade to move upwards and retract by a rotating motor III, and then driving the hard alloy blade to rotate in the reverse direction alpha by a rotating motor IV; then, the Z-direction slide table is moved downward to a cutting depth of 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) The three-jaw chuck reversely rotates beta under the drive of a second rotating motor, and the hard alloy blade cuts on the joint surface of the support ring far away from the tailstock and the first spiral line until the material between the starting point of the first spiral line and the end point of the second spiral line is cut off from the PFA pipe material;
step fifteen, a rotary motor III drives the hard alloy blade to move upwards to retract the blade, and the Y-direction sliding table moves X in the positive direction of the Y axis; then, threeThe claw chuck is driven to rotate by a second rotating motor, and the Z-direction sliding table drives the hard alloy blade to move downwards to the cutting depth of 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) Cutting a support ring of the spring far away from the tailstock; and finally, removing the intermediate material between the cut first spiral line and the cut second spiral line from the PFA pipe material to finish the cutting processing of the PFA spring.
Preferably, the three-jaw chuck is made of nylon materials.
Preferably, m =1r/min, the lead of the Y-direction sliding table is 5mm, and the reduction ratios of the planetary reducer and the worm gear reducer are both 30:1, the rotating speed of the first rotating motor is 24r/min.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the PFA tubing is 2mm.
Preferably, the material of the internal bracing type clamp is PFA.
Preferably, the cemented carbide insert has a thickness of
Preferably, the first rotating motor, the second rotating motor, the third rotating motor and the fourth rotating motor are provided with encoders.
The invention relates to a PFA spring cutting processing device, which mainly comprises a bottom plate, a workpiece motion module and a cutter cutting module. The workpiece motion module mainly comprises a Y-direction sliding table, a second rotating motor, a worm and gear reducer, a three-jaw chuck, an inner support type clamp, a bolt type tip, a nut and a tailstock; the base of the Y-direction sliding table is fixed on the bottom plate; a screw rod of the Y-direction sliding table is horizontally arranged and is connected with the output end of the planetary reducer through a first coupling, and the output shaft of a first rotating motor is connected with the input end of the planetary reducer; the shell of the planetary reducer is fixed with the base of the Y-direction sliding table, and the base of the first rotating motor is fixed with the shell of the planetary reducer; the shell of the worm gear reducer is fixed on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table, and the base of the rotating motor II is fixed with the shell of the worm gear reducer; an output shaft of the second rotating motor is connected with a fixed part of the three-jaw chuck through a worm gear reducer; the tailstock is fixed on a base of the Y-direction sliding table; the external thread of the bolt type center and a nut fixed in a supporting hole arranged on the tailstock form a screw pair. The center hole of the internal support type clamp is a threaded hole, and the wall of the threaded hole is provided with more than two axial grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the bottom opening of the axial groove is arranged on the outer wall of the internal support type clamp, and one end opening of the axial groove is arranged on the end face of the internal support type clamp.
The cutter cutting module mainly comprises a portal frame, a laser range finder, a Z-direction sliding table, a rotating motor IV, a cutter bar and a hard alloy blade. The portal frame is fixed on the bottom plate; the base of the Z-direction sliding table is fixed on the portal frame; a screw rod of the Z-direction sliding table is vertically arranged and is driven by a rotating motor III; a base of the rotating motor III is fixed on a base of the Z-direction sliding table; the base of the rotating motor IV is fixed with the base of the Z-direction sliding table; the cutter bar is vertically arranged and is connected with an output shaft of the rotating motor II through a coupler II; the hard alloy blade is fixed in a blade groove formed in the bottom of the cutter bar; the laser range finder is fixed on the portal frame; the laser emitted by the laser range finder intersects with the axis of the cutter bar.
Preferably, a plurality of positioning hole groups which are distributed along the Y direction of movement of the sliding table at equal intervals are arranged on the sliding block of the Y direction of movement of the sliding table, each positioning hole group consists of two positioning holes which are distributed along the Y direction of movement of the sliding table at intervals, and two through holes arranged on the tailstock are respectively connected with two positioning holes of one positioning hole group through bolts.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes a low-speed double helix automatic cutting method to cut a soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA) spring, avoids the problem that a plastic material is softened by heat and deformed in the machining process, and ensures the high service reliability of PFA spring machining. Furthermore, the processing amount of the support ring is accurately reserved by calculating the processing stroke, and the problem that the support ring cannot be processed in the same process step in the conventional PFA spring machining process is solved, namely the PFA spring is cut and formed together with the support ring at one time, so that the PFA spring with the support ring is efficiently processed. Furthermore, the invention effectively solves the problems of bending, breaking and the like in the spring cutting process by strictly controlling the spring cutting process, and ensures that the processed PFA spring meets the high-precision requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention cutting a PFA spring.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a workpiece motion module of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal stay clamp and PFA tubing of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a tool motion module of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention for processing a PFA spring having a support ring.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the PFA spring after processing.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the PFA spring cutting apparatus mainly includes a base plate 1, a workpiece moving module 2, and a cutter cutting module 3. As shown in fig. 2, the workpiece motion module 2 mainly comprises a Y-direction sliding table 2-5, a rotating motor II 2-6, a worm and gear reducer 2-7, a three-jaw chuck 2-8, an inner support type clamp 2-9A, a bolt type tip 2-10, a nut and a tailstock 2-11; the base of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 is fixed on the bottom plate 1; a screw rod of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 is horizontally arranged and is connected with the output end of the planetary reducer 2-2 through a first coupling 2-4, and the output shaft of a first rotating motor 2-1 is connected with the input end of the planetary reducer 2-2; the shell of the planetary reducer 2-2 is fixed with the base of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 through a rotary motor base 2-3, and the base of the rotary motor I2-1 is fixed with the shell of the planetary reducer 2-2; the shell of the worm and gear reducer 2-7 is fixed on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5, and the base of the rotating motor II 2-6 is fixed with the shell of the worm and gear reducer 2-7; the output shaft of the rotating motor II 2-6 is connected with the fixing part of the three-jaw chuck 2-8 through a worm gear reducer 2-7; the tail seat 2-11 is fixed on the base of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5; the external thread of the bolt type center 2-10 and the nut fixed in the supporting hole arranged on the tailstock 2-11 form a screw pair. As shown in fig. 3, the center hole of the internal support type clamp 2-9A is a threaded hole, and the wall of the threaded hole is provided with more than two axial grooves uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the bottom of the axial groove is opened on the outer wall of the internal support type clamp 2-9A, and one end of the axial groove is opened on the end face of the internal support type clamp 2-9A.
As shown in FIG. 4, the cutter cutting module 3 mainly comprises a portal frame 3-1, a laser range finder 3-2, a Z-direction sliding table 3-5, a rotating motor IV 3-3, a cutter bar 3-8 and a hard alloy blade 3-9. The portal frame 3-1 is fixed on the bottom plate 1; the base of the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 is fixed on the portal frame 3-1; a screw rod of the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 is vertically arranged and is driven by a rotating motor 3-4; the base of the rotating motor III 3-4 is fixed on the base of the Z-direction sliding table 3-5; the base of the rotating motor IV 3-3 is fixed with the base of the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 through an L-shaped folded plate 3-6; the cutter bar 3-8 is vertically arranged and is connected with an output shaft of the rotating motor IV 3-3 through a second coupler 3-7; the hard alloy blade 3-9 is fixed in a blade groove arranged at the bottom of the cutter bar 3-8; the laser range finder 3-2 is fixed on the portal frame 3-1; the laser emitted by the laser range finder 3-2 is intersected with the axis of the cutter bar; the height of a blade groove of the cutter bar 3-8 and the height of laser emitted by the laser range finder 3-2 can be controlled by the rotating motor 3-4, then the rotating motor 3-3 drives the cutter bar to rotate, when the laser is emitted into the blade groove, the distance changes, the rotating motor 3-3 stops rotating, and the controller judges that the hard alloy blade 3-9 is at the position of 0 degree at the moment.
Wherein, the Y-direction sliding tables 2-5 and the Z-direction sliding tables 3-5 are screw rod transmission type electric sliding tables; the first rotating motor 2-1, the second rotating motor 2-6, the third rotating motor 3-4 and the fourth rotating motor 3-3 are connected with a controller through drivers; the signal output end of the laser range finder is connected with the controller; the controller is connected with a control screen (provided with a control interface, and a computer can be adopted).
As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of positioning hole groups are arranged on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 at equal intervals along the moving direction of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5, each positioning hole group consists of two positioning holes which are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5, and two through holes arranged on the tailstock 2-11 are respectively connected with two positioning holes of one positioning hole group through bolts.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the cutting processing method of the PFA spring of the present invention comprises the following specific steps:
step one, calculating a spring pitch diameter D according to design parameters of a PFA spring, and taking 1/4-1/2 of the spring pitch diameter D as a pitch t of the spring; then, the support ring height X = (H) is calculated 0 + b-Nt)/2, helix angle
Axial distance L = H from spiral feed 0 -2X; the design parameters of the PFA spring comprise the length a of a rectangular section of the spring, the width b of the rectangular section of the spring, the effective number of turns N of the spring and the outer diameter D of the spring 1 Inner diameter d of spring 1 And a free height H 0 (ii) a In the present example, a =2mm, b =1.5mm, n =4,h 0 =18.5mm, spring outer diameter D 1 =15mm and spring inner diameter d 1 And the calculated spring intermediate diameter D =13mm, t =4mm, the height X =2mm of the support ring, the helix angle alpha =5.59 degrees and L =14.5mm.
Step two, selecting the length larger than H 0 The position of the tailstock 2-11 on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 is adjusted according to the length of the PFA pipe 2-9B, and after the adjustment is finished, two through holes of the tailstock 2-11 are respectively connected with two positioning holes of one positioning hole group on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 through bolts; then, sleeving a PFA pipe material 2-9B outside the internally-supported clamp 2-9A (forming an internally-sleeved pipe material 2-9 with a core), clamping the PFA pipe material by using a three-jaw chuck 2-8, and ensuring that the length of the PFA pipe material 2-9B exceeding the three-jaw chuck 2-8 is greater than H after clamping 0 。
And step three, rotating and fixing nuts in the supporting holes of the tailstock 2-11 to form a bolt type center 2-10 of a screw pair, screwing the bolt type center 2-10 into the threaded hole of the internal support type clamp 2-9A, and tightly supporting the PFA pipe 2-9B, so that two ends of the PFA pipe 2-9B are fixed.
Fourthly, the rotating motor IV 3-3 drives the cutter bar 3-8 to rotate, when laser emitted by the laser range finder 3-2 is shot into a blade groove of the cutter bar 3-8, the laser stroke changes, the time required for the laser range finder 3-2 to receive reflected light changes and is fed back to the controller, the controller controls the rotating motor IV 3-3 to stop rotating, the hard alloy blade 3-9 is parallel to the X axis at the moment, the front cutter face of the hard alloy blade 3-9 is over against the laser range finder 3-2, and the controller records that the position of the hard alloy blade 3-9 is 0 degree at the moment; then, the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 is driven by a first rotating motor 2-1 to drive a second rotating motor 2-6, a three-jaw chuck 2-8, an internal support type clamp 2-9A, a PFA pipe material 2-9B, a bolt type tip 2-10 and a tailstock 2-11 to synchronously move along the Y axis, so that the position part of the PFA pipe material 2-9B close to the tailstock 2-11 is positioned below the hard alloy blade 3-9; and finally, driving the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 by a third rotating motor 3-4 to drive a fourth rotating motor 3-3, a cutter bar 3-8 and a hard alloy blade 3-9 to move downwards, driving the three-jaw chuck 2-8 to rotate by a second rotating motor 2-6 to perform Z-direction tool setting until the hard alloy blade 3-9 is contacted with the PFA pipe material 2-9B to complete the Z-direction tool setting, recording the relative positions of the hard alloy blade 3-9 and the PFA pipe material 2-9B by a controller at the moment, and setting the coordinates of the tool nose of the hard alloy blade 3-9 at the moment as an origin (0, 0).
Step five, the three-jaw chuck 2-8 keeps rotating at the speed of 10r/min, the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 is driven by the rotating motor 3-4 to drive the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move downwards by 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) And =2mm, cutting the support ring at one end of the spring.
Step six, stopping the three-jaw chuck 2-8, driving the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move upwards and retreat by the rotating motor three 3-4, driving the cutter bar 3-8 and the hard alloy blade 3-9 to rotate forwards (clockwise) by the rotating motor four 3-3 and rotating the angle alpha by the rotating motor four 3-3, wherein the cutting depth h = h, the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 moves towards the positive direction of the Y axis by X + L =16.5mm, and the cutting depth h = h is set 0 Here h is 0 Taking 1.5mm and leaving 0.5mm of machining allowance, namely, the depth of the hard alloy blade 3-9 moving downwards to cut into the PFA pipe material 2-9B is that the coordinate of the tool tip is 1.5mm smaller than the Z coordinate of the origin.
And seventhly, moving the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 downwards to enable the hard alloy blade 3-9 to cut into the PFA pipe material 2-9B at the speed of 10mm/min until the cutting depth is h, and stopping moving the Z-direction sliding table 3-5.
Step eight, setting the rotating speed m (preferably m =1 r/min) of the three-jaw chuck and the feeding speed v = mt of the Y-direction sliding table 2-5, and setting the rotating speed of the first rotating motor 2-1 according to the lead of the Y-direction sliding table; in the embodiment, the lead of the Y-direction sliding table is 5mm, the reduction ratio of the planetary reducer 2-2 is 30:1, and the rotating speed of the rotating motor I2-1 is set to be 24r/min; and then, the controller controls the first rotating motor 2-1 and the second rotating motor 2-6 to move simultaneously, so that the Y is fed to the sliding table 2-5 in the negative direction of the Y axis, the three-jaw chuck 2-8 rotates reversely (anticlockwise), and the first rotating motor 2-1 and the second rotating motor 2-6 stop moving simultaneously until the feeding amount of the Y to the sliding table is L, so that a first spiral line is machined preliminarily.
Step nine, driving the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move upwards and retract by the rotating motor three 3-4, and driving the hard alloy blade 3-9 to rotate reversely (anticlockwise) by the rotating angle alpha by the rotating motor four 3-3 to return to the 0-degree position; then, the third rotating motor 3-4 drives the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move downwards until the cutting depth is h, and the three-jaw chuck 3-8 rotates reversely (anticlockwise) under the driving of the second rotating motor 2-6
The carbide blades 3-9 cut on the joint surface of the support ring close to the tailstock 2-11 and the first spiral line until the starting point of the second spiral line is positioned.
Step ten, driving the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move upwards and retract by the rotating motor three 3-4, driving the hard alloy blade 3-9 to rotate 180 degrees-alpha in a reverse direction (anticlockwise) by the rotating motor four 3-3, and moving the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 downwards until the cutting depth is h; and then, the controller controls the first rotating motor 2-1 and the second rotating motor 2-6 to move simultaneously, so that the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 is fed to the positive direction of the Y axis at a feeding speed v, the three-jaw chuck 2-8 rotates in the positive direction (clockwise) at a rotating speed m, and when the feeding amount of the Y-direction sliding table is L, the first rotating motor 2-1 and the second rotating motor 2-6 stop moving simultaneously, and a second spiral line is machined preliminarily.
Step eleven, a third rotating motor 3-4 drives the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move upwards to retract, and then a fourth rotating motor 3-3 drives the hard alloy blade 3-9 to rotate 180 degrees in the forward direction (clockwise); then, the three-jaw chuck 3-8 rotates in a forward direction (clockwise direction) by beta under the driving of the second rotating motor 2-6, and at the moment, the carbide blade 3-9 is changed from the end point aligned with the second spiral line to the starting point aligned with the first spiral line.
Step twelve, setting the cutting depth h to increase d, taking d =0.1mm, and repeating the step seven to the step eleven.
Thirteen, repeat the step twelve until the cutting depth h is more than or equal to 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) And finally repeating the step twelve.
Step fourteen, driving the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move upwards and retract by a third rotating motor 3-4, and driving the hard alloy blade 3-9 to rotate in the reverse direction (anticlockwise) by a fourth rotating motor 3-3; then, the Z-direction slide table 3-5 is moved downward to a cutting depth of 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) The three-jaw chuck 3-8 reversely (anticlockwise) rotates beta under the driving of the second rotating motor 2-6, and the hard alloy blade 3-9 cuts on the joint surface of the support ring far away from the tailstock 2-11 and the first spiral line until the material between the starting point of the first spiral line and the end point of the second spiral line is cut off from the PFA pipe material 2-9B.
Step fifteen, a rotary motor III 3-4 drives the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move upwards to retract, and the Y-direction sliding table 2-5 moves X in the positive direction of the Y axis; then, the three-jaw chuck 2-8 is driven by a second rotating motor 2-6 to rotate at the speed of 10r/min, and the Z-direction sliding table 3-5 drives the hard alloy blade 3-9 to move downwards to the cutting depth of 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) Cutting the support ring of the spring far away from the tailstock 2-11; and finally, removing the intermediate material between the first cut spiral line and the second cut spiral line from the PFA pipe material 2-9B to finish the cutting processing of the PFA spring.
Claims (9)
- A PFA spring cutting method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:step one, calculating a spring pitch diameter D according to design parameters of a PFA spring, and taking 1/4-1/2 of the spring pitch diameter D as a pitch t of the spring; then, the support ring height X = (H) is calculated 0 + b-Nt)/2, helix angleAnd the axial distance L = H of the spiral line feed 0 -2X; the design parameters of the PFA spring comprise the length a of a rectangular section of the spring, the width b of the rectangular section of the spring, the effective number of turns N of the spring and the outer diameter D of the spring 1 Inner diameter d of spring 1 And a free height H 0 ；
Step two, selecting the length larger than H 0 The position of the tailstock on a sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table is adjusted according to the length of the PFA pipe material, and after the PFA pipe material is adjusted, two through holes of the tailstock are respectively connected with two positioning holes of one positioning hole group on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table through bolts; then, sleeving the PFA pipe material outside the internal support type clamp, clamping the PFA pipe material by using a three-jaw chuck, and ensuring that the length of the PFA pipe material exceeding the three-jaw chuck is longer than H after clamping 0 ；Rotating and fixing a nut in a tailstock supporting hole to form a bolt type center of a screw pair, screwing the bolt type center into a threaded hole of an internal support type clamp, and tightly supporting the PFA pipe material, so that two ends of the PFA pipe material are fixed;fourthly, the rotating motor drives the cutter bar to rotate in four directions, when laser emitted by the laser range finder is irradiated into a cutter blade groove of the cutter bar, the laser stroke is changed, the time required by the laser range finder for receiving reflected light is changed and fed back to the controller, the controller controls the rotating motor to stop rotating in four directions, the hard alloy cutter blade is parallel to the X axis at the moment, the rake face of the hard alloy cutter blade is opposite to the laser range finder, and the controller records that the position of the hard alloy cutter blade at the moment is 0 degree; then, the Y-direction sliding table is driven by a first rotating motor to drive a second rotating motor, a three-jaw chuck, an internal support type clamp, a PFA pipe material, a bolt type tip and a tailstock to synchronously move along the Y axis, so that the PFA pipe material is positioned below the hard alloy blade at the position close to the tailstock; finally, the Z-direction sliding table is driven by a rotating motor III to drive a rotating motor IV, a cutter bar and a hard alloy blade to move downwards, meanwhile, a three-jaw chuck is driven by a rotating motor II to rotate to carry out Z-direction tool setting until the hard alloy blade is contacted with a PFA pipe material, the Z-direction tool setting is finished, a controller records the relative position of the hard alloy blade and the PFA pipe material at the moment, and the coordinate of the tool nose of the hard alloy blade at the moment is set as an original point (0, 0);step five, the three-jaw chuck keeps rotating, the Z-direction sliding table is driven by the rotating motor III to drive the hard alloy blade to move downwards by 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) Cutting a support ring at one end of the spring;step six, stopping the three-jaw chuck, driving the hard alloy blade to move upwards and retract by the rotating motor three, moving the Y-direction sliding table to the positive direction of the Y axis by X + L, driving the cutter bar and the hard alloy blade to rotate forwards by the rotating angle alpha by the rotating motor four, and then setting the cutting depth h;seventhly, moving the Z-direction sliding table downwards to enable the hard alloy blade to cut into the PFA pipe material to a cutting depth h;step eight, setting the rotating speed m of the three-jaw chuck and the feeding speed v = mt of the Y-direction sliding table, and setting the rotating speed of the first rotating motor according to the lead of the Y-direction sliding table; then, the controller controls the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor to move simultaneously, so that the Y-direction sliding table feeds towards the Y-axis negative direction, the three-jaw chuck rotates reversely, and when the feeding amount of the Y-direction sliding table is L, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor stop moving simultaneously, and a first spiral line is machined preliminarily;step nine, the rotary motor III drives the hard alloy blade to move upwards to retract the cutter, and then the rotary motor IV drives the hard alloy blade to rotate reversely by the angle alpha and return to the position of 0 degree; then, the rotating motor III drives the hard alloy blade to move downwards to the cutting depth h, and the three-jaw chuck rotates reversely under the drive of the rotating motor IIThe hard alloy blade cuts on the intersection surface of the support ring close to the tailstock and the first spiral line until the hard alloy blade is positioned at the starting point of the second spiral line;
step ten, driving the hard alloy blade to move upwards and retract by a rotating motor III, then driving the hard alloy blade to rotate in the reverse direction by 180-alpha by a rotating motor IV, and moving a Z-direction sliding table downwards until the cutting depth is h; then, the controller controls the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor to move simultaneously, so that the Y-direction sliding table feeds to the positive direction of the Y axis at a feeding speed v, the three-jaw chuck rotates at a rotating speed m in the positive direction, and when the feeding amount of the Y-direction sliding table is L, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor stop moving simultaneously, and a second spiral line is preliminarily processed;step eleven, a rotary motor III drives the hard alloy blade to move upwards to retract, and then a rotary motor IV drives the hard alloy blade to rotate 180 degrees in the forward direction; then, the three-jaw chuck rotates forwards by beta under the drive of a second rotating motor, and at the moment, the hard alloy blade is changed from the end point aligned with the second spiral line to the starting point aligned with the first spiral line;step twelve, setting the cutting depth h to increase d, and repeating the step seven to the step eleven;thirteen step, repeat the step twelve until the cutting depth h is more than or equal to 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) Then repeating the step twelve for the last time;step fourteen, driving the hard alloy blade to move upwards and retract by a rotating motor III, and then driving the hard alloy blade to rotate in the reverse direction alpha by a rotating motor IV; then, the Z-direction slide table is moved downward to a cutting depth of 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) The three-jaw chuck rotates reversely by beta under the drive of a second rotating motor, and the hard alloy blade cuts on the joint surface of the support ring far away from the tailstock and the first spiral line until the material between the starting point of the first spiral line and the terminal point of the second spiral line is cut off from the PFA pipe material;a fifteenth step, a third rotating motor drives the hard alloy blade to move upwards to retract the blade, and the Y-direction sliding table moves towards the positive direction of the Y axis by X; then the three-jaw chuck is driven to rotate by a second rotating motor, and the Z-direction sliding table drives the hard alloy blade to move downwards to the cutting depth of 0.5 (D) 1 -d 1 ) Cutting the support ring of the spring far away from the tailstock; and finally, removing the intermediate material between the cut first spiral line and the cut second spiral line from the PFA pipe material to finish the cutting processing of the PFA spring. - 2. The PFA spring cutting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-jaw chuck is made of nylon materials.
- 3. The PFA spring cutting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: m =1r/min, the lead of the Y-direction sliding table is 5mm, and the reduction ratios of the planetary reducer and the worm gear reducer are both 30:1, the rotating speed of the first rotating motor is 24r/min.
- 4. The PFA spring cutting process according to claim 1, wherein: the wall thickness of the PFA pipe material is 2mm.
- 5. The PFA spring cutting process according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the internal support type clamp is PFA.
- 6. The PFA spring cutting process according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the hard alloy blade is
- 7. The PFA spring cutting process according to claim 1, wherein: the first rotating motor, the second rotating motor, the third rotating motor and the fourth rotating motor are provided with encoders.
- PFA spring cutting processingequipment mainly comprises bottom plate, work piece motion module and cutter cutting module, its characterized in that: the workpiece motion module mainly comprises a Y-direction sliding table, a second rotating motor, a worm and gear reducer, a three-jaw chuck, an inner support type clamp, a bolt type tip, a nut and a tailstock; the base of the Y-direction sliding table is fixed on the bottom plate; a screw rod of the Y-direction sliding table is horizontally arranged and is connected with the output end of the planetary reducer through a first coupling, and the output shaft of a first rotating motor is connected with the input end of the planetary reducer; the shell of the planetary reducer is fixed with the base of the Y-direction sliding table, and the base of the first rotating motor is fixed with the shell of the planetary reducer; the shell of the worm gear reducer is fixed on the sliding block of the Y-direction sliding table, and the base of the rotating motor II is fixed with the shell of the worm gear reducer; an output shaft of the second rotating motor is connected with a fixed part of the three-jaw chuck through a worm gear reducer; the tailstock is fixed on a base of the Y-direction sliding table; the external thread of the bolt type center and a nut fixed in a supporting hole formed in the tailstock form a screw pair; the center hole of the internal support type clamp is a threaded hole, and the wall of the threaded hole is provided with more than two axial grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the bottom of the axial groove is opened on the outer wall of the internal support type clamp, and one end of the axial groove is opened on the end face of the internal support type clamp;the cutter cutting module mainly comprises a portal frame, a laser range finder, a Z-direction sliding table, a rotating motor IV, a cutter bar and a hard alloy blade; the portal frame is fixed on the bottom plate; the base of the Z-direction sliding table is fixed on the portal frame; a screw rod of the Z-direction sliding table is vertically arranged and is driven by a rotating motor III; the base of the rotating motor III is fixed on the base of the Z-direction sliding table; the base of the rotating motor IV is fixed with the base of the Z-direction sliding table; the cutter bar is vertically arranged and is connected with an output shaft of the rotating motor II through a coupler II; the hard alloy blade is fixed in a blade groove formed in the bottom of the cutter bar; the laser range finder is fixed on the portal frame; the laser emitted by the laser range finder intersects with the axis of the cutter bar.
- 9. The PFA spring cutting process apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: y sets up a plurality of location punch combination that follow Y to the slip table moving direction equidistance and arrange on the sliding block of slip table, the location punch combination constitute to two locating holes that the slip table moving direction interval was arranged by perpendicular Y, two through-holes that the tailstock was seted up pass through bolted connection respectively with two locating holes of one of them location punch combination.
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| CN202111110867.9A CN113829417B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | PFA spring cutting method and device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3913430A (en) * | 1973-10-03 | 1975-10-21 | Philips Corp | Device for cutting rings from a hollow, thin-walled and elongate cylindrical object |
| CN102434612A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 常州瑞择微电子科技有限公司 | Polytetrafluoro ethylene (PFA) spring and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102514022A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-06-27 | 常州瑞择微电子科技有限公司 | Device for cutting polyfluoroalkoxy (PFA) spring |
| CN109513999A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-26 | 夏津县豪美金属制品有限公司 | Full-automatic pipe cutting machine |
| CN210551446U (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-05-19 | 上海沃比医疗科技有限公司 | Automatic equipment for cutting distance tubules |
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2021
- 2021-09-23 CN CN202111110867.9A patent/CN113829417B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3913430A (en) * | 1973-10-03 | 1975-10-21 | Philips Corp | Device for cutting rings from a hollow, thin-walled and elongate cylindrical object |
| CN102434612A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 常州瑞择微电子科技有限公司 | Polytetrafluoro ethylene (PFA) spring and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102514022A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-06-27 | 常州瑞择微电子科技有限公司 | Device for cutting polyfluoroalkoxy (PFA) spring |
| CN109513999A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-26 | 夏津县豪美金属制品有限公司 | Full-automatic pipe cutting machine |
| CN210551446U (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-05-19 | 上海沃比医疗科技有限公司 | Automatic equipment for cutting distance tubules |
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