CN113828044A - Filtering device and filtering method - Google Patents
Filtering device and filtering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113828044A CN113828044A CN202111298124.9A CN202111298124A CN113828044A CN 113828044 A CN113828044 A CN 113828044A CN 202111298124 A CN202111298124 A CN 202111298124A CN 113828044 A CN113828044 A CN 113828044A
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- porous material
- scraper
- filter
- filter disc
- disc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/15—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces
- B01D33/21—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces with hollow filtering discs transversely mounted on a hollow rotary shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/35—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D33/41—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
- B01D33/42—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection concentrically or coaxially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D33/46—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element
- B01D33/463—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D33/46—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element
- B01D33/466—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element scrapers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/80—Accessories
- B01D33/801—Driving means, shaft packing systems or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/08—Regeneration of the filter
- B01D2201/081—Regeneration of the filter using nozzles or suction devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/08—Regeneration of the filter
- B01D2201/081—Regeneration of the filter using nozzles or suction devices
- B01D2201/084—Nozzles placed on the filtrate side of the filtering element
Abstract
The invention discloses a filtering device and a filtering method, relates to the technical field of filtering separation, and is used for solving the problems that a filter cake formed on a filter disc in the prior art is poor in filtering effect and even causes a filter to be incapable of working due to blockage of a filtering pore channel. The method comprises the following steps: a hollow rotating main shaft; the hollow scraper shaft is provided with scrapers, the scrapers and the porous material filter disc are arranged at intervals, and each scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter disc; the filter disc is used for removing a filter cake layer accumulated on the porous material filter disc when the porous material filter disc rotates horizontally; the hollow water knife shaft is parallel to the hollow scraper shaft and the hollow rotating main shaft; the scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter disc and is used for removing filter cake particles in a pore channel included by the porous material filter disc after the filter cake layer falls off from the porous material filter disc.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filtering separation, in particular to a filtering device and a filtering method.
Background
The multilayer disc type filter is applied to the field of solid-liquid filtering separation, and has the main structure that a rotating main shaft is arranged in a sealed shell, the main shaft is of a hollow structure, a plurality of layers of disc-shaped filter discs are superposed on the main shaft, and the filter discs rotate along with the main shaft. The basic working principle is as follows: the solid-liquid mixed liquid entering the filter enters the filter disc under the action of pressure, the liquid filtered by the filter disc forms filtrate, solid particles intercepted by the filter disc form a filter cake layer on the surface of the filter disc, the filter cake layer gradually thickens along with the accumulation of the filtering time, the surface of the filter disc is blocked, the filtering capacity of the filter disc is reduced, and therefore the filter disc needs to be scraped regularly, a scraper shaft is further arranged inside the equipment and is parallel to a rotating main shaft, a plurality of parallel scraper blades are distributed on the shaft, a single-layer filter disc is positioned between two adjacent blades, the scraper shaft is fixed and cannot rotate, the filter disc rotates along with the main shaft, the scraper blades form a scraping effect on the surface of the filter disc, the filter cake layer is removed, but a part of filter cake enters and stays in a filtering pore channel of the filter disc under the action of medium pressure, the filtering pore is blocked or partially blocked, and the filtering capacity of the filter disc is greatly reduced, the work can not be continued; the filter has to be stopped and disassembled to manually clean or replace the filter disc, so that the filtering operation is interrupted, and the production efficiency of the filter is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a filtering device, which is used for solving the problems that a filter cake formed on a filter disc is blocked by a filtering pore channel, so that the filtering effect is poor and even a filter cannot work in the prior art.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a filtering apparatus, including:
the hollow rotating main shaft is arranged in the sealed pressure-bearing shell, penetrates through the centers of the porous material filter discs and drives the porous material filter discs to rotate horizontally;
one end of the hollow scraper shaft is connected with the feed liquid inlet, the other end of the hollow scraper shaft extends to one side in the sealed pressure-bearing shell, scrapers are arranged on the hollow scraper shaft, the scrapers and the porous material filter discs are arranged at intervals, and each scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter discs; the filter disc is used for removing a filter cake layer accumulated on the porous material filter disc when the porous material filter disc rotates horizontally;
one end of the hollow water cutter shaft is connected with a washing water inlet, and the other end of the hollow water cutter shaft extends to the other side in the sealed pressure-bearing shell and is parallel to the hollow scraper shaft and the hollow rotary main shaft; the scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter disc and is used for removing filter cake particles in a pore channel included by the porous material filter disc after the filter cake layer falls off from the porous material filter disc.
Preferably, the device further comprises a rotation driving device;
the rotation driving device is connected with the tail end of the hollow rotating main shaft and is used for driving the hollow rotating main shaft to rotate;
the hollow rotating main shaft is also provided with a hollow rotating main shaft tray, and the hollow rotating main shaft tray is positioned below the porous material filter disc at the lowest layer;
the porous material filter disc positioned on the uppermost layer is fixed on the hollow rotating main shaft through a bolt, a clamping ring and a compression ring.
Preferably, the porous material filter disc comprises a single-sided porous material filter disc and a double-sided porous material filter disc;
the first fastening screws sequentially penetrate through the upper hub of the filter disc, the porous material sintered filter disc, the compact material supporting disc and the lower hub of the filter disc from top to bottom, or the first fastening screws sequentially penetrate through the upper hub of the filter disc, the multi-compact material supporting disc, the porous material sintered filter disc and the lower hub of the filter disc from top to bottom to form a single-sided porous material filter disc;
a plurality of first fastening screws sequentially penetrate through the upper hub, the porous material sintering filter disc, the compact material supporting disc, the porous material sintering filter disc and the filter disc lower hub from top to bottom to form the double-sided porous material filter disc.
Preferably, a round concave hole is formed in the lower surface of the lower hub of the filter disc;
the number of the first fastening screws in each porous material filter disc is consistent with that of the circular concave holes in the lower inner sleeve ring, and the diameter of the cylindrical head of each first fastening screw is matched with that of the circular concave hole.
Preferably, the hollow rotary main shaft is vertically arranged in an upper sealing head and a lower sealing head of the sealed pressure-bearing shell through an upper sealing device and a lower sealing device;
an axial inner hole is formed in the middle of the hollow rotating main shaft, and a plurality of transverse holes are formed in the wall of the axial inner hole;
gaps are arranged among a lower filtering disc hub, an upper filtering disc hub and the hollow rotating main shaft which are arranged on each porous material filtering disc; the transverse hole is positioned in the range included by the gap;
the transverse holes are communicated with the porous material filter disc, and the tail end of the axial inner hole is connected with a filtered liquid outlet.
Preferably, the scraper device further comprises a scraper adjusting device, and a plurality of scraper adjusting devices are overlapped and sleeved on the hollow scraper shaft;
the scraper adjusting device comprises a scraper hub, a supporting pipe and the scraper;
the scraper hub is arranged on the hollow scraper shaft, and one end of the scraper hub is fixedly connected with the supporting tube;
the scraper is fixed on the supporting tube through an adjusting round hole on the scraper and can move up and down on the supporting tube.
Preferably, the clearance between the scraper blade and the adjacent porous material filter disc is 0.5-5 mm.
Preferably, one end of the water jet cutter is connected with the hollow water jet cutter shaft, the other end of the water jet cutter is connected with a spray head through a water jet pipe joint, and the water jet cutter is used for jetting washing water from the hollow water jet cutter shaft to a porous material filter disc arranged at an interval with the water jet cutter through the spray head, wherein the spray head is provided with double outlets.
Preferably, the water outlet angle of the spray head is 60-90 degrees.
The embodiment of the invention provides a filtering method of a filtering device, which comprises the following steps:
the feed liquid is distributed on each porous material filter disc through a hollow scraper shaft, and the feed liquid is pressed into the porous material filter discs to form filter cakes;
when the thickness of the filter cake reaches a set value, closing the feed liquid inlet valve, driving the porous material filter disc to rotate at a low speed by the hollow rotating main shaft, scraping the filter cake on the porous material filter disc by the scraper, and discharging the filter cake from a turbid liquid outlet;
and high-pressure washing water is sprayed onto the porous material filter disc adjacent to the water knife through the hollow water knife shaft by the water knife, so that filter cake particles in a pore channel included in the porous material filter disc are impacted and fall off.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a filtering apparatus, including: the hollow rotating main shaft is arranged in the sealed pressure-bearing shell, penetrates through the centers of the porous material filter discs and drives the porous material filter discs to rotate horizontally; one end of the hollow scraper shaft is connected with the feed liquid inlet, the other end of the hollow scraper shaft extends to one side in the sealed pressure-bearing shell, scrapers are arranged on the hollow scraper shaft, the scrapers and the porous material filter discs are arranged at intervals, and each scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter discs; the filter disc is used for removing a filter cake layer accumulated on the porous material filter disc when the porous material filter disc rotates horizontally; one end of the hollow water cutter shaft is connected with a washing water inlet, and the other end of the hollow water cutter shaft extends to the other side in the sealed pressure-bearing shell and is parallel to the hollow scraper shaft and the hollow rotary main shaft; the scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter disc and is used for removing filter cake particles in a pore channel included by the porous material filter disc after the filter cake layer falls off from the porous material filter disc. The filtering device is characterized in that a hollow rotary main shaft, a hollow scraper shaft and a hollow water cutter shaft are simultaneously arranged in a shell, three shafts of the hollow rotary main shaft, the hollow scraper shaft and the hollow water cutter shaft work in a coordinated manner in the shell, when the thickness of a filter cake layer on the surface of a porous material filtering disc reaches a certain value, the scraper can scrape and sweep the surface of the porous material filtering disc to remove the filter cake layer, but a solid particle scraper staying in a filtering pore channel in the porous material filtering disc under the action of medium pressure cannot be removed, at the moment, water flow of the water cutter can wash the porous material filtering disc, solid particles in the pore channel of the porous material filtering disc are separated under the impact of high-pressure water flow, so that the filtering capacity of the porous material filtering disc is recovered, the filter cake scraping and washing processes are continuously carried out in the filter without removing and washing the filter, the device does not need to be stopped, the operation process does not form intermittence, the continuous filtration of the filter is realized, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the operation cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous material filter disc provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water jet device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a scraper adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: the labels in the figure are: the device comprises a hollow rotating main shaft upper shaft seat 1, an upper sealing head 2, a hollow rotating main shaft 3, a pressing ring 4, a hollow water cutter shaft upper shaft seat 5, a hollow water cutter shaft 6, a cylinder 7, a flange 8, a hollow rotating main shaft tray 9, a water cutter lower shaft seat 10, a lower sealing head 11, a hollow rotating main shaft lower support 12, a bolt 13, a snap ring 14, a scraper upper shaft seat 15, a hollow scraper shaft 16, a scraper hub 18, a scraper 19, a scraper shaft seat 21, a filter disc upper hub 22, a first fastening screw 23, a porous material filter disc 24, a dense material support disc 25, a filter disc lower hub 26, a water cutter 27, a water spray 28, a spray head 30, a support tube 32 and a second screw 33.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous material filter disc provided in an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water jet device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a scraper adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention; the filter device provided by the embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
This filter equipment mainly includes: a sealed pressure-bearing shell, a hollow rotating main shaft 3, a hollow scraper shaft 16 and a hollow water cutter shaft 6.
Specifically, the hollow rotary main shaft 3 is arranged in the sealed pressure-bearing shell, penetrates through the centers of the porous material filter discs 24, and drives the porous material filter discs 24 to horizontally rotate when the hollow rotary main shaft 3 rotates.
Further, one end of the hollow scraper shaft 16 is connected with the feed liquid inlet, and the other end extends into the sealed pressure-bearing shell, is arranged on one side in the shell and is parallel to the hollow rotating main shaft 3; the hollow scraper shaft 16 is provided with a plurality of mutually parallel scrapers 19, and in the embodiment of the present invention, each scraper 19 needs to be arranged at intervals of the porous material filter discs 24, so that the number of the scrapers 19 corresponds to the number of the porous material filter discs 24.
Specifically, each scraper 19 is disposed along the radial direction of the porous material filter disc 24, and when the hollow rotating spindle 3 drives the porous material filter disc 24 to rotate in the horizontal direction, the scraper 19 can scrape the filter cake formed by the accumulation on the porous material filter disc 24, so as to remove the filter cake from the porous material filter disc 24.
Further, one end of a hollow water cutter shaft 6 is connected with a washing water inlet, the other end of the hollow water cutter shaft extends into the sealed pressure-bearing shell and is arranged at the other side inside the shell, and the hollow water cutter shaft 6 and the hollow scraper shaft 16 are respectively positioned at two sides of the shell and are parallel to the hollow rotating main shaft 3 positioned at the center of the shell. The hollow water knife shaft 6 is provided with a plurality of water knives 27 which are parallel to each other, in the embodiment of the present invention, each water knife 27 needs to be arranged at an interval with the porous material filter disc 24, and therefore, the number of the water knives 27 corresponds to the number of the porous material filter discs 24.
Specifically, each scraper 19 is disposed along a radial direction of the porous material filter disc 24, when the hollow rotating main shaft 3 drives the porous material filter disc 24 to rotate in a horizontal direction, the water jet 27 can perform high-pressure washing on the porous material filter disc 24, and after the filter cake on the porous material filter disc 24 is removed by the scraper 19, the water jet 27 can wash away filter cake particles in the cell channels included in the porous material filter disc 24. The washing water connected to the hollow water blade shaft 6 is high-pressure washing water.
In the filtering device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hollow rotating main shaft 3, the hollow scraper shaft 16 and the hollow water jet cutter shaft 6 are simultaneously arranged in the shell, when the thickness of a filter cake layer on the surface of the porous material filtering disc 24 reaches a certain value, the scraper 19 can scrape the surface of the porous material filtering disc 24 to remove the filter cake layer, but the solid particle scraper 19 staying in a filtering pore channel in the porous material filtering disc 24 under the action of medium pressure cannot be removed, at the moment, the water flow of the water jet cutter 27 can wash the porous material filtering disc 24, solid particles in the pore channel of the porous material filtering disc 24 are separated under the impact of high-pressure water flow, so that the filtering capacity of the porous material filtering disc 24 is recovered, the filter cake scraping and washing processes are continuously carried out in the filter without removing and washing the filter or stopping the filter, the operation process can not form intermittence, the continuous filtration of the filter is realized, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the operation cost is greatly reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sealed pressure-bearing shell is a sealed pressure-bearing container and consists of an upper part and a lower part which are connected by a flange 8 and are of a detachable structure. Mainly comprises an upper seal head 2, a cylinder body 7, a lower seal head 11, a flange 8 and the like. Specifically, the upper end enclosure 2 is connected with the cylinder 7 in a non-detachable welding mode, the lower end enclosure 11 is connected with the cylinder 7 through the flange 8, and the lower end enclosure 11 is provided with a turbid liquid outlet and a filtrate outlet. The upper end enclosure 2 is provided with an exhaust port and a replacement port.
In one example, the filter device further comprises a rotational drive. The hollow rotating main shaft 3 is connected with the upper end enclosure 2 through a hollow rotating main shaft upper shaft seat 1, is connected with the lower end enclosure 11 through a hollow rotating main shaft lower support 12, and the upper end or the tail end of the hollow rotating main shaft 3 is connected with a rotating driving device. In one mode, the rotation driving device is connected with the tail end of the hollow rotating main shaft 3 to drive the hollow rotating main shaft 3 to rotate; in another mode, the rotation driving device is connected with the upper end of the hollow rotating main shaft 3 to drive the hollow rotating main shaft 3 to rotate.
In one example, an axial inner hole is formed in the middle of the hollow rotating main shaft 3, and a plurality of transverse holes are formed in the wall of one side of the axial inner hole; the hollow rotating main shaft 3 penetrates through an inner sleeve ring of the porous material filter disc 24, and a plurality of transverse holes arranged on one side of an axial inner hole are respectively contacted with the inner sleeve ring; the lower end side of the axial inner hole of the hollow rotating main shaft 3 is provided with a transverse hole, and the axial inner hole is communicated with a filtered liquid outlet through the transverse hole.
Further, a hollow rotary main shaft tray 9 is also arranged on the hollow rotary main shaft 3, and the hollow rotary main shaft tray 9 is positioned below the porous material filter disc 24 at the lowest layer; the porous material filter disc 24 positioned at the uppermost layer is fixed on the hollow rotating main shaft 3 through the bolt 13, the clamping ring 14 and the pressing ring 4.
Further, the porous material filter disks 24 include single-sided porous material filter disks and double-sided porous material filter disks. Wherein, single face porous material filter disc includes two kinds of compound modes, mode one: a plurality of first fastening screws 23 sequentially penetrate through the upper hub 22 of the filter disc, the porous material filter disc 24, the compact material support disc 25 and the lower hub 26 of the filter disc from top to bottom to form a single-sided porous material filter disc 24; the second method comprises the following steps: the first fastening screws 23 sequentially penetrate through the upper filter disc hub 22, the multi-compact material supporting disc 25, the porous material sintering filter disc and the lower filter disc hub 26 from top to bottom to form the single-sided porous material filter disc.
The double-sided porous material filter disc is provided with an additional sintered metal porous disc relative to the single-sided porous material filter disc 24, and the structure is as follows: the plurality of first fastening screws 23 sequentially penetrate through the upper hub, the porous material filter disc 24, the compact material support disc 25, the porous material filter disc 24 and the filter disc lower hub 26 from top to bottom to form the double-sided porous material filter disc.
A circular recess is provided in the lower surface of the lower hub 26 of the filter disc.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rotation transmission between the hollow rotating main shaft 3 and the porous material filter disc 24 and between two adjacent porous material filter discs 24 is realized through a plurality of first fastening screws 23 and circular concave holes of the lower hub 26 of the filter disc.
Because the hollow rotary main shaft tray 9 is positioned below the porous material filter disc 24 at the lowermost layer, the porous material filter disc 24 at the lowermost layer can be fixed, and the porous material filter disc 24 at the uppermost layer can be fixed on the hollow rotary main shaft 3 through the bolts 13, the snap rings 14 and the press rings 4, so that when the plurality of porous material filter discs 24 and the hollow rotary main shaft 3 rotate simultaneously, only the rotation transmission between the two adjacent porous material filter discs 24 at the upper and lower parts needs to be ensured.
Specifically, the number of the first fastening screws 23 in each porous material filter disc 24 is the same as the number of the circular concave holes in the filter disc lower hub 26, and the diameter of the cylindrical head of the first fastening screw 23 is matched with the diameter of the circular concave hole, i.e. the cylindrical head of each first fastening screw 23 can extend into the circular concave hole.
It should be noted that, when the plurality of porous material filter disks 24 are disposed on the hollow rotating main shaft 3, the diameter of the cylindrical head of the first fastening screw 23 included in each porous material filter disk 24 is uniform, the inner diameter of the circular concave hole included in each porous material filter disk 24 is uniform, and the number of the first fastening screws 23 included in each porous material filter disk 24 is uniform with the number of the circular concave holes. I.e. the cylindrical head of the first fastening screw 23 comprised by each porous material filter disc 24 may extend into the circular recess.
In the embodiment of the invention, the number of the first fastening screws 23 included in each porous material filter disc 24 and the number of the circular concave holes arranged on the lower hub 26 of each filter disc are 4-12. Preferably, each porous material filter disc 24 comprises 6 first fastening screws 23 and 6 circular recesses provided in the lower hub 26 of each filter disc.
In the embodiment of the present invention, an axial inner hole is formed in the middle of the hollow rotating main shaft 3, and a plurality of transverse holes are formed in the hole wall of the axial inner hole, so that the filtered clear liquid can be discharged from the filtered clear liquid outlet through the axial inner hole.
In order to discharge filtered liquid from the porous material filter disks 24 through the axial inner hole, it is preferable that a gap is provided between the lower filter disk hub 26, the upper filter disk hub 22 and the hollow rotary spindle 3 included in each of the porous material filter disks 24, and accordingly, the transverse holes included in the hollow rotary spindle 3 are provided within a range included in the gap, so that the transverse holes communicate with the porous material filter disks 24, and the filtered liquid filtered through the porous material filter disks 24 is introduced into the axial inner hole through the transverse holes, so that the filtered liquid can be discharged from the axial inner hole through the filtered liquid outlet connected to the axial inner hole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the size of the gap between the lower filtering disc hub 26, the upper filtering disc hub 22 and the hollow rotating main shaft 3 is 8-12 mm, and further, the number of the transverse holes arranged on the hollow rotating main shaft 3 is the same as that of the porous material filtering discs 24.
In one example, the filtering device further comprises a scraper 19 adjusting device, and a plurality of scrapers 19 are adjusted and overlapped to be sleeved on the hollow scraper shaft 16. The scraper 19 adjustment means comprises a scraper hub 18, a support tube 32 and a scraper 19. Specifically, the scraper hub 18 is disposed on the hollow scraper shaft 16, and has one end fixedly connected to the support tube 32, the scraper 19 is provided with a circular hole, and the second screw 33 penetrates through the circular hole to fix the scraper 19 to the support tube 32.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the circular hole provided on the scraper 19 is an adjusting circular hole, that is, the specific position of the adjusting circular hole is fixed by the second screw 33, so that the scraper 19 can move up and down on the support tube 32, thereby adjusting the distance between the scraper 19 and the porous material filter disc 24. Further, the distance between the scraper 19 and the porous material filter disc 24 is 0.5-5 mm.
In practical applications, since the porous material filter disc 24 comprises the single-sided porous material filter disc 24 and the double-sided porous material filter disc 24, the scraper 19 disposed on the adjusting device of the scraper 19 can be divided into a single-layer scraper and a double-layer scraper. The single-layer scraper is that a scraper 19 is arranged on the supporting pipe 32, and the surface of the scraper 19 is opposite to the porous material filter disc 24; the double-sided scraper is two scrapers superposed on the support tube 32, and the blade surfaces of the two scrapers are respectively opposite to the porous material filter discs 24 on both sides of the adjusting device of the scraper 19.
It should be noted that the lower end of the hollow scraper shaft 16 is connected to the lower head 11 through a scraper shaft support 21, and the upper end is connected to the upper head 2 through a scraper upper shaft support 15. And the lower end of the feed liquid inlet pipe extends out of the closed shell and is connected with a feed liquid inlet pipeline.
It should be noted that, a plurality of scraper 19 adjusting devices are arranged in parallel on the hollow scraper shaft 16, and each scraper 19 adjusting device is arranged at a distance from the porous material filter disc 24, and in order to be able to flush each porous material filter disc 24, preferably, when the number of the porous material filter discs 24 is N, the number of the scraper 19 adjusting devices is N + 1. For example, when the number of the porous material filter disks 24 is 5, in order to be able to clean the working surfaces of the porous material filter disks 24, the regulating devices of the scrapers 19 need to be disposed not only at intervals between the porous material filter disks 24 but also outside the outermost porous material filter disks 24, and therefore, the number of the regulating devices of the scrapers 19 needs to be 6. Accordingly, when the number of the porous material filter disks 24 is 4, 5 scraper 19 adjustment devices are also required, so that it is ensured that the scraper 19 adjustment devices are arranged not only between adjacent porous material filter disks 24, but also outside the outermost porous material filter disk 24.
In one example, the upper end of a hollow water knife shaft 6 is connected with an upper seal head 2 through a hollow water knife shaft upper shaft seat 5, the lower end is connected with a lower seal head 11 through a water knife lower shaft seat 10, and the lower end extends to the outside of a sealing shell and is connected with a high-pressure flushing water pipeline. The plurality of water knives 27 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, each water knife 27 forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the hollow water knife shaft 6, one end of each water knife 27 is welded with the hollow water knife shaft 6, and the other end of each water knife 27 is connected with a spray head 30 through a water spray pipe joint 28 and used for spraying high-pressure washing water from the hollow water knife shaft 6 onto the porous material filter disc 24 arranged at intervals with the water knives 27 through the spray head 30.
Furthermore, the water outlet of the nozzle 30 adopts a water outlet angle of 60-90 degrees, so that the water flow can be directly divided into two parts, the direction is controlled, a single water knife 27 can simultaneously clean two adjacent filter disc surfaces, and the water flow can be sprayed to the root parts of the filter disc.
It should be noted that the water jet 27, the water jet pipe joint 28 and the nozzle 30 constitute a water jet device. That is, a plurality of water jet apparatuses are arranged in parallel on the hollow water jet shaft 6, and each water jet apparatus is arranged at an interval from the porous material filter discs 24, and in order to be able to wash each porous material filter disc 24, it is preferable that when the number of the porous material filter discs 24 is N, the number of the water jet apparatuses is N + 1. For example, when the number of the porous material filter disks 24 is 5, in order to be able to clean the working surfaces of the porous material filter disks 24, the water jet spray devices need to be disposed not only at intervals between the porous material filter disks 24 but also outside the outermost porous material filter disks 24, and therefore, the number of the water jet spray devices needs to be 6. Accordingly, when the number of the porous material filter disks 24 is 4, 5 water jet spray devices are also required so as to ensure that the water jet spray devices are disposed not only between the adjacent porous material filter disks 24 but also outside the outermost porous material filter disks 24.
In order to more clearly describe the filtering apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a filtering method of the filtering apparatus will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the filtering method includes the steps of:
103, spraying high-pressure washing water onto the porous material filter disc adjacent to the water knife through the hollow water knife shaft by the water knife, and impacting and falling off filter cake particles in a pore channel included in the porous material filter disc.
In step 101, it is necessary to fill the filter device with the feed liquid and to exhaust the air in the filter. Specifically, the feed liquid enters the shaft interior from the lower end of the hollow scraper shaft 16 through a feed liquid inlet connected with the hollow scraper shaft 16, enters the support pipe 32 of each scraper 19 under the action of pressure, and is distributed to each porous material filter disc 24 through the support pipe 32 until the feed liquid is filled in the shell of the filtering device, the feed liquid is pressurized in the closed shell to be in a pressurized state and is pressed into the porous material filter discs 24, filter residues intercepted by the porous material filter discs 24 are accumulated on the surfaces of the porous material filter discs 24 to form filter cakes on the porous material filter discs 24, filtered filtrate liquid enters the hollow shaft interior from each transverse hole of the hollow rotating main shaft 3, and the filtrate liquid is converged into a strand and is discharged out of the filter from a filtrate liquid outlet.
In step 102, when the thickness of the filter cake on the porous material filter disc 24 reaches a predetermined value, the surface of the porous material filter disc 24 is covered by the filter cake, the filter pore passage is blocked, the filtration resistance is increased, the filtration efficiency is greatly reduced, and the suspended porous material filter disc 24 is subject to the gravity of the filter cake with a certain thickness, which is likely to damage the porous material filter disc 24, at this time, the feed liquid inlet may be closed, the driving device is started, the driving device drives the hollow main shaft and the multiple layers of porous material filter discs 24 to rotate, and the scraper 19 fixed on the shaft of the scraper 19 scrapes the surface of the porous material filter disc 24 to remove the accumulated filter cake layer, and discharges the filter cake layer from the turbid liquid outlet.
In practical application, a part of filter cake enters the porous material filter disc 24 under the action of medium pressure and stays in the filter pore channels of the porous material filter disc 24, and cannot be removed by the scraper 19, so that the filter pore channels are blocked or partially blocked by the part of filter cake particles, and after the filter device works for a period of time, when the blockage reaches a certain degree, the filtering capacity of the porous material filter disc 24 is greatly reduced.
The cake thickness reaches a set value among set values, and is adjusted according to the gap between the scraper 19 and the porous material filter plate 24. In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific size of the setting value is not limited.
In step 103, high-pressure washing water is started, the high-pressure washing water enters the shell from the lower end of the hollow water cutter shaft 6, the high-pressure washing water reaches each water cutter 27 through the hollow water cutter shaft 6, the washing water is sprayed out from the spray head 30, under the action of the structure of the spray head 30, the washing water is distributed into two streams of 60-90 degrees, the surfaces of two adjacent porous material filter discs 24 are washed simultaneously, filter cake particles staying in the filter pores of the porous material filter discs 24 fall off from the filter pores under the impact of the high-pressure water, and the filtering capacity of the porous material filter discs 24 is recovered.
Above feed liquid filters, scraper work and water sword work and carries out a plurality of circulations repeatedly, can realize continuous operation, has improved production efficiency by a wide margin, has still avoided the process of filter dismantlement, filter disc clearance, washing, assembly, test run simultaneously, has reduced economic cost by a wide margin, and the effect is very showing.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A filter device, comprising:
the hollow rotating main shaft is arranged in the sealed pressure-bearing shell, penetrates through the centers of the porous material filter discs and drives the porous material filter discs to rotate horizontally;
one end of the hollow scraper shaft is connected with the feed liquid inlet, the other end of the hollow scraper shaft extends to one side in the sealed pressure-bearing shell, scrapers are arranged on the hollow scraper shaft, the scrapers and the porous material filter discs are arranged at intervals, and each scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter discs; the filter disc is used for removing a filter cake layer accumulated on the porous material filter disc when the porous material filter disc rotates horizontally;
one end of the hollow water cutter shaft is connected with a washing water inlet, and the other end of the hollow water cutter shaft extends to the other side in the sealed pressure-bearing shell and is parallel to the hollow scraper shaft and the hollow rotary main shaft; the scraper is arranged along the radius direction of the porous material filter disc and is used for removing filter cake particles in a pore channel included by the porous material filter disc after the filter cake layer falls off from the porous material filter disc.
2. The filter apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a rotational drive;
the rotation driving device is connected with the tail end of the hollow rotating main shaft and is used for driving the hollow rotating main shaft to rotate;
the hollow rotating main shaft is also provided with a hollow rotating main shaft tray, and the hollow rotating main shaft tray is positioned below the porous material filter disc at the lowest layer;
the porous material filter disc positioned on the uppermost layer is fixed on the hollow rotating main shaft through a bolt, a clamping ring and a compression ring.
3. The filtration apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said porous material filter discs comprise single-sided porous material filter discs and double-sided porous material filter discs;
the first fastening screws sequentially penetrate through the upper hub of the filter disc, the porous material sintered filter disc, the compact material supporting disc and the lower hub of the filter disc from top to bottom, or the first fastening screws sequentially penetrate through the upper hub of the filter disc, the multi-compact material supporting disc, the porous material sintered filter disc and the lower hub of the filter disc from top to bottom to form a single-sided porous material filter disc;
a plurality of first fastening screws sequentially penetrate through the upper hub, the porous material sintering filter disc, the compact material supporting disc, the porous material sintering filter disc and the filter disc lower hub from top to bottom to form the double-sided porous material filter disc.
4. The filter apparatus of claim 3, wherein a circular recess is provided in the lower surface of the lower hub of the filter disc;
the number of the first fastening screws in each porous material filter disc is consistent with that of the circular concave holes in the lower inner sleeve ring, and the diameter of the cylindrical head of each first fastening screw is matched with that of the circular concave hole.
5. The filtering device according to claim 1, wherein said hollow rotating main shaft is vertically arranged in the upper closing and lower head of said sealed and pressure-bearing shell through an upper sealing device and a lower sealing device;
an axial inner hole is formed in the middle of the hollow rotating main shaft, and a plurality of transverse holes are formed in the wall of the axial inner hole;
gaps are arranged among a lower filtering disc hub, an upper filtering disc hub and the hollow rotating main shaft which are arranged on each porous material filtering disc; the transverse hole is positioned in the range included by the gap;
the transverse holes are communicated with the porous material filter disc, and the tail end of the axial inner hole is connected with a filtered liquid outlet.
6. The filter apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a scraper adjustment device, wherein a plurality of scraper adjustment devices are stacked and sleeved on the hollow scraper shaft;
the scraper adjusting device comprises a scraper hub, a supporting pipe and the scraper;
the scraper hub is arranged on the hollow scraper shaft, and one end of the scraper hub is fixedly connected with the supporting tube;
the scraper is fixed on the supporting tube through an adjusting round hole on the scraper and can move up and down on the supporting tube.
7. The filter device of claim 6, wherein the gap between the scraper blade and the adjacent filter disc of porous material is 0.5-5 mm.
8. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein one end of the water jet cutter is connected with the hollow water jet cutter shaft, and the other end is connected with a spray head through a water jet pipe joint, for spraying the washing water from the hollow water jet cutter shaft onto a porous material filter disc arranged at a distance from the water jet cutter through the spray head, wherein the spray head has double outlets.
9. The filtration apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the water outlet angle of said spray head is 60 ° to 90 °.
10. A method of filtering in a filter apparatus, comprising:
the feed liquid is distributed on each porous material filter disc through a hollow scraper shaft, and the feed liquid is pressed into the porous material filter discs to form filter cakes;
when the thickness of the filter cake reaches a set value, closing the feed liquid inlet valve, driving the porous material filter disc to rotate at a low speed by the hollow rotating main shaft, scraping the filter cake on the porous material filter disc by the scraper, and discharging the filter cake from a turbid liquid outlet;
and high-pressure washing water is sprayed onto the porous material filter disc adjacent to the water knife through the hollow water knife shaft by the water knife, so that filter cake particles in a pore channel included in the porous material filter disc are impacted and fall off.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111298124.9A CN113828044A (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2021-11-03 | Filtering device and filtering method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111298124.9A CN113828044A (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2021-11-03 | Filtering device and filtering method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2189205A1 (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2010-05-26 | Andritz, Inc. | Lime mud vacuum filter washing system and method |
| CN104645690A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-27 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Layered multi-filter disc filter |
| CN108671613A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-10-19 | 江苏亚峰科技集团有限公司 | A kind of rotating drum vacuum filtration formula water supply industry wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN214437082U (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-10-22 | 江西宏科特种合金有限公司 | Jet flow discharging device for ceramic filter plate |
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2021
- 2021-11-03 CN CN202111298124.9A patent/CN113828044A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2189205A1 (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2010-05-26 | Andritz, Inc. | Lime mud vacuum filter washing system and method |
| CN104645690A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-27 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Layered multi-filter disc filter |
| CN108671613A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-10-19 | 江苏亚峰科技集团有限公司 | A kind of rotating drum vacuum filtration formula water supply industry wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN214437082U (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-10-22 | 江西宏科特种合金有限公司 | Jet flow discharging device for ceramic filter plate |
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