CN113827998A - Propylene oxide refining equipment and propylene oxide refining process - Google Patents
Propylene oxide refining equipment and propylene oxide refining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113827998A CN113827998A CN202111070832.7A CN202111070832A CN113827998A CN 113827998 A CN113827998 A CN 113827998A CN 202111070832 A CN202111070832 A CN 202111070832A CN 113827998 A CN113827998 A CN 113827998A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0073—Degasification of liquids by a method not covered by groups B01D19/0005 - B01D19/0042
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/32—Separation; Purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/04—Compounds containing oxirane rings containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring oxygen atoms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of propylene oxide refining, and particularly relates to propylene oxide refining equipment and a propylene oxide refining process, wherein the propylene oxide refining equipment comprises a plate-type rectifying tower; the plate-type rectifying tower also comprises a tower body, a tower plate and a controller; one end of the tower body is provided with an air outlet, and the other end of the tower body is provided with an air inlet; a reflux port, a feed inlet and a liquid outlet are sequentially arranged between the gas outlet and the gas inlet; one end of the tower plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the tower body, and a liquid descending channel is formed between the other end of the tower plate and the inner wall of the tower body; according to the invention, through the matching of the scraper plate and the floating plate, the scraper plate can block the foam layer at the upper end of the tower plate, so that foam entrainment is reduced, and the inflow of foam in the downcomer channel is reduced, thereby preventing the downcomer channel from being blocked, avoiding premature flooding in the tower body, and the scraper plate is matched with the distance sensor, so that the scraper plate extrudes and crushes the foam at the upper end of the tower body, avoiding excessive accumulation of the foam layer, causing the foam to block the sieve holes, ensuring the introduction amount of steam from the sieve holes, and further improving the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refining of propylene oxide, and particularly relates to refining equipment and a refining process of propylene oxide.
Background
Propylene Oxide (PO) is an important organic chemical raw material and is mainly used for producing polyether polyol, propylene glycol and various nonionic surfactants, at present, a hydrogen peroxide direct oxidation method (HPPO method) and a hydrogen peroxide isopropyl benzene method (CHP method) are main methods of PO production processes at home and abroad, but reaction products of the production processes of the HPPO method, the CHP method and the like contain impurity water and methanol, the production of the polyether polyol has high requirements on the propylene oxide, and the propylene oxide needs to be purified, and the propylene oxide is usually rectified and purified by a plate-type rectifying tower in industry at present.
For example, a chinese patent with the application number of cn201611010562.x discloses a plate-type packed rectification tower, and the technical scheme improves the structure of the plate-type rectification tower and combines the characteristics of the packed rectification tower, so that the gas-liquid mass transfer effect is better, the contact area is larger, the contact time is more, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; however, the technical scheme does not completely solve the problem that the liquid raw material is foamed and generates a foam layer due to the fact that steam passes through the tower plate and contacts with the liquid raw material, so that the foam flows downwards along with the liquid raw material through the down-flow channel, when the foam layer is too high on the tower plate and in the down-flow channel, excessive foam is generated inside the tower body and is entrained with the down-flow channel to block the down-flow channel, the liquid flooding inside the tower body is too early, the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is reduced, and the limitation of the technical scheme is further caused.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a propylene oxide refining apparatus and a propylene oxide refining process, which solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides propylene oxide refining equipment and a propylene oxide refining process, wherein a scraper plate is matched with a floating plate in a plate-type rectifying tower, so that the scraper plate can block a foam layer at the upper end of a tower plate, foam entrainment is reduced, and the inflow of foam in a downcomer channel is reduced, so that the downcomer channel is prevented from being blocked, premature flooding in the tower body is avoided, the scraper plate is matched with a distance sensor, the scraper plate is used for extruding and crushing the foam at the upper end of the tower body, excessive accumulation of the foam layer is avoided, the foam blocks sieve pores, the inflow of steam from the sieve pores is ensured, and the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is further improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a refining device of propylene oxide, which comprises a plate-type rectifying tower; the plate-type rectifying tower also comprises a tower body, a tower plate and a controller; one end of the tower body is provided with an air outlet, and the other end of the tower body is provided with an air inlet; a reflux port, a feed inlet and a liquid outlet are sequentially arranged between the gas outlet and the gas inlet; one end of the tower plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the tower body, a liquid descending channel is formed between the other end of the tower plate and the inner wall of the tower body, sieve holes are formed in the upper end of the tower plate, and a floating plate is arranged above the tower plate; a float valve is connected in the sieve pore in a sliding way; the inner wall of the tower body is provided with a floating trough; the floating plates are connected in the floating groove in a sliding manner, the number of the floating plates is two, and a scraper plate is connected between the two floating plates in a sliding manner; an air passage is formed in the tower plate, and a steel wire rope is connected in the air passage in a sliding and sealing manner; a driving motor is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the tower body; one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the output end of the driving motor, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the scraper; an electromagnet is embedded in the inner wall of the tower body; a distance sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the tower body; the controller is used for controlling the whole plate-type rectifying tower to automatically operate;
in the prior art, steam passes through the tower plate and contacts with the liquid raw material, so that the liquid raw material is foamed and a foam layer is generated, the foam flows downwards along with the liquid raw material through the down-flow channel, when the foam layer on the tower plate and in the down-flow channel is too high, excessive foam entrainment and down-flow channel blockage occur inside the tower body, the inside of the tower body is subjected to premature flooding, and the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is further reduced;
when the tower body works, a worker controls liquid raw materials to flow in through the feed inlet through the controller, so that the liquid raw materials flow to the upper end of the tower plate, the liquid raw materials generate buoyancy on the floating plate, the floating plate slides upwards along the floating groove, the scraping plate is driven by the floating plate to ascend, when the liquid raw materials overflow the tower plate, the ascending height of the floating plate is the largest at the moment, the liquid raw materials flow downwards along the liquid descending channel through the lower end of the scraping plate and finally flow out from the liquid outlet, the worker controls steam to continuously enter from the air inlet through the controller, the steam ascends and pushes the floating valve on the tower plate to overcome the gravity of the steam, the sieve holes are opened, the steam enters from the sieve holes and contacts with the liquid raw materials, the epoxypropane in the liquid raw materials is heated and vaporized along with the ascending steam to the upper layer of the tower plate, and finally the vaporized epoxypropane flows out from the air outlet at the upper end of the tower body, when steam contacts with liquid raw materials at the upper end of the tower plate to generate a foam layer at the upper end of the tower plate, the scraper can generate a blocking effect on the foam layer to reduce foam entrainment, so that the amount of foam flowing into the down-flow channel is reduced, the down-flow channel is prevented from being blocked, premature flooding inside the tower body is avoided, when the foam layer accumulation amount in the tower body is excessive, the foam layer reaches the distance sensor, the distance sensor transmits an electric signal to the controller, the controller controls the driving motor to rotate, the steel wire rope extends out of the air passage and is continuously wound at the output end of the driving motor, one end of the steel wire rope, which is far away from the driving motor, pulls the scraper to push the foam to move towards the down-flow channel, the scraper is contacted with the tower plate at the down-flow channel to extrude and crush the foam, the controller controls the driving motor to stop, the scraper is made of a spring steel material, and controls the controller to be electrified, so that the electromagnet adsorption scraper is reset; compared with an electric push rod, the matching use of the steel wire rope and the driving motor can reduce the use of the internal space of the tower body, and the internal environment of the tower body can influence the service life of the electric push rod, so that the service life of the electric push rod is reduced;
according to the invention, through the matching of the scraper plate and the floating plate, the scraper plate can block the foam layer at the upper end of the tower plate, so that foam entrainment is reduced, and the inflow of foam in the downcomer channel is reduced, thereby preventing the downcomer channel from being blocked, avoiding premature flooding in the tower body, and the scraper plate is matched with the distance sensor, so that the scraper plate extrudes and crushes the foam at the upper end of the tower body, avoiding excessive accumulation of the foam layer, causing the foam to block the sieve holes, ensuring the introduction amount of steam from the sieve holes, and further improving the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower.
Preferably, the scraping plate is arranged obliquely, the scraping plate is connected with the floating plate in a sliding mode through the sliding block, the scraping plate is connected with the sliding block in a rotating mode through the torsion spring, an included angle between the scraping plate and the horizontal plane is set to be 45-70 degrees, and the inclined plane of the scraping plate is arranged roughly; when the device works, the steel wire rope pulls the scraper, so that the scraper drives the sliding block to slide between the two floating plates, the scraper pushes the foam to move towards the direction of the liquid descending channel, the scraper inclines to shovel the foam, the foam continuously rises and is crushed along the inclined plane of the scraper due to the rough arrangement of the inclined plane of the scraper, when the inclined plane of the scraper is contacted with the tower plate at the liquid descending channel, the steel wire rope pulls the scraper to overcome the torsion of the torsion spring and continuously approach the tower plate at the liquid descending channel, so that the foam on the inclined plane of the scraper is continuously crushed until the inclined plane of the scraper is tightly attached to the tower plate at the liquid descending channel, the foam is completely crushed at the moment, the volume between the scraper and the tower plate at the liquid descending channel is increased due to the inclined arrangement of the scraper, the pushing amount of the foam is increased, the time required for accumulating the thickness of the foam is continuously increased, and the upward accumulation speed of the foam along the inclined plane of the scraper is reduced under the extrusion of the inclined plane of the scraper, the foam accumulation speed is prevented from being higher than the foam crushing speed, so that the foam is close to the sieve pores, and the foam is contacted with the sieve pores under the action of steam and is blocked, thereby reducing the gas flow velocity at the sieve pores and avoiding the liquid leakage phenomenon; according to the invention, the scraper plate is obliquely arranged, so that the upward accumulation speed of foam is lower than the crushing speed of the foam, the foam is prevented from blocking sieve pores, the introduction amount of steam through the sieve pores is ensured, the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is further improved, and the scraper plate is obliquely arranged, so that the condition that the steam blows the foam on the surface of the scraper plate to rise along the surface of the scraper plate in the upward blowing process of the steam is prevented, the foam passes through the scraper plate to enter a liquid descending channel, the foam entrainment is reduced, and the actual application effect of the invention is effectively improved.
Preferably, the scraping plates comprise a first scraping blade and a second scraping blade; one end of the first scraping blade is provided with a groove, and the other end of the first scraping blade is connected with the floating plate in a sliding manner; one end of the second scraping blade is connected in the groove in a sliding mode, and the other end of the second scraping blade is connected with the adjacent floating plate in a sliding mode; the steel wire ropes are fixedly connected with the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade; when the tower body is round, the steel wire rope pulls the scraper to move towards the center of the tower body, so that the first scraper and the second scraper continuously extend out of the groove under the pulling action of the steel wire rope until the first scraper and the second scraper move to the center of the tower body, and the first scraper and the second scraper are close to each other under the extrusion of the tower body along with the continuous pulling action of the steel wire rope, so that the second scraper continuously enters the first groove, and the first scraper and the second scraper can effectively block and clean foam in the round tower body; according to the invention, through the matching of the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade, the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade can block foam in the circular tower body, the application range of the scraping blades is improved, and the practicability of the invention is effectively improved.
Preferably, one end of the second scraping blade is connected in the groove in a sliding and sealing mode; air bags are embedded in the surfaces, connected with the steel wire ropes, of the first scraping pieces, and the air bags are communicated with the grooves through air holes; when the air bag works, the surface of the air bag is rough and is made of rubber materials; the surface of the first scraping blade at the initial position is bulged by an air bag; when the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade move downwards to the center of the tower body under the pulling of the steel wire rope, the second scraping blade continuously extends out of the groove along with the second scraping blade, so that gas in the air bag is continuously filled into the air bag through the air holes until the air bag on the surface of the first scraping blade is flush with the first scraping blade, at the moment, the steel wire rope continuously pulls the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade, so that the gas in the air bag enters the groove, the surface of the first scraping blade is sunken, the capacity of foam between the scraping blade and the tower plate at the liquid descending channel is improved, the rising speed of the foam is reduced, when the steel wire rope pulls the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade to cross the center of the tower body, the second scraping blade enters the groove, so that the gas in the groove enters the air bag, when the second scraping blade is reset, the air bag swells and pushes the foam and the tower plate at the liquid descending channel, and along with the continuous pulling of the steel wire rope, the air bag is extruded and tightly attached to the tower plate at the liquid descending channel, thereby accelerating the breaking of the foam and improving the practical application effect of the invention.
Preferably, the surface of the air bag is provided with a conical bulge, the surface of the bulge is fixedly connected with a sharp, and the bulge and the sharp are made of hard rubber materials; when the scraper blade device works, when foam upwards moves along the surface of the scraper blade, the foam is contacted with the bulge on the surface of the air bag, so that the foam is punctured by the sharp pricks on the surface of the bulge, and when the bulge moves along with the scraper blade to the tower plate direction at the position of the liquid descending channel, the foam blown upwards by steam can collide with the tip of the bulge to be contacted, so that the foam blown upwards by steam is punctured by the tip of the bulge; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the bulges and the sharp pricks, the bulges and the sharp pricks can pierce the foam, so that the breaking of the bubbles is accelerated, the breaking effect of the bubbles is improved, and the total application effect of the invention is further improved.
The refining process of the propylene oxide is suitable for the refining equipment of the propylene oxide, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the liquid raw material is controlled by the operator to flow in through the feed inlet through the controller, so that the liquid raw material flows to the upper end of the column plate, the liquid raw material generates buoyancy on the floating plate, the floating plate slides upwards along the floating groove, the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade are driven by the floating plate to ascend, and when the liquid raw material overflows the column plate, the liquid raw material flows downwards through the lower end of the scraping plate and along the liquid descending channel;
s2: after the liquid raw material is introduced, a worker controls steam to continuously enter from the air inlet through the controller, so that the steam rises and pushes the floating valve on the tower plate to overcome the pressure rise of the liquid raw material, the sieve holes are opened, the steam enters from the sieve holes and contacts with the liquid raw material, the epoxypropane in the liquid raw material is heated and vaporized, and the epoxypropane in the liquid raw material is conveyed to the upper layer of tower plate along with the rising steam;
s3: when the vaporized propylene oxide flows out from the air outlet at the upper end of the tower body along with the steam; the vaporized propylene oxide flows to a condenser along with steam through a gas outlet, so that the steam is condensed and separated from the propylene oxide, and condensed water flows into the tower body from a reflux port and finally flows out from a liquid outlet; the dehydrated vaporized propylene oxide steam enters the next condenser and is separated through the difference of the boiling points between propylene oxide and methanol;
s4: when foam generated at the upper end of the tower plate overflows the distance sensor, the distance sensor transmits an electric signal to the controller, so that the controller controls the driving motor to pull the first scraping blade and the second scraping blade to push and extrude the foam at the upper end of the tower plate through the steel wire rope, the foam is crushed, the foam crushing is accelerated by the surface bulge and the sharp thorn of the air bag, the first scraping blade drives the surface air bag to be in contact with the tower plate at the liquid descending channel along with the pulling of the steel wire rope, and the first scraping blade is pulled along with the steel wire rope to overcome the torsion of the torsion spring to rotate, so that the air bag extrudes the foam to be crushed; after the foam is broken, the driving motor stops, and the controller controls the electromagnet to adsorb the scraping blade to reset.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the plate-type rectifying tower, the scraper plate is matched with the floating plate, so that the scraper plate can block a foam layer at the upper end of the tower plate, foam entrainment is reduced, and inflow of foam in the downcomer is reduced, so that the downcomer is prevented from being blocked, premature flooding in the tower body is avoided, the scraper plate is matched with the distance sensor, the scraper plate extrudes and crushes the foam at the upper end of the tower body, excessive accumulation of the foam layer is avoided, the foam blocks sieve pores, the steam inlet amount from the sieve pores is ensured, and the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is improved.
2. The plate-type rectifying tower is obliquely arranged through the scraper, so that the upward accumulation speed of foam is smaller than the foam crushing speed, the sieve pores are prevented from being blocked by the foam, the introduction amount of steam through the sieve pores is ensured, the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is further improved, and the scraper is obliquely arranged, so that the condition that the foam on the surface of the scraper is blown by the steam to rise along the surface of the scraper in the upward blowing process of the steam can be prevented, the foam passes through the scraper and enters a liquid descending channel, the foam entrainment is reduced, and the actual application effect of the plate-type rectifying tower is effectively improved.
3. The plate-type rectifying tower used in the invention enables the bulges and the sharp spines to puncture the foam through the arrangement of the bulges and the sharp spines, thereby not only accelerating the breaking of the bubbles, but also improving the breaking effect of the bubbles, and further improving the total application effect of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for purifying propylene oxide in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a plate rectifying column used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a plate rectifying column used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a tray used in the present invention
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
in the figure: 1. a tower body; 11. an air outlet; 12. an air inlet; 13. a return port; 14. a feed inlet; 15. a liquid outlet; 16. a drive motor; 17. a distance sensor; 2. a column plate; 21. a downcomer channel; 22. screening holes; 23. a floating plate; 231. a slider; 232. a torsion spring; 24. a float valve; 25. a floating trough; 26. an airway; 27. a wire rope; 28. an electromagnet; 3. a squeegee; 31. a first scraper; 311. a groove; 312. air holes; 32. a second doctor blade; 4. an air bag; 41. a protrusion; 42. and (6) pricking.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the propylene oxide refining apparatus according to the present invention includes a plate-type rectifying column; the plate-type rectifying tower also comprises a tower body 1, a tower plate 2 and a controller; one end of the tower body 1 is provided with an air outlet 11, and the other end is provided with an air inlet 12; a return opening 13, a feed opening 14 and a liquid outlet 15 are sequentially formed between the gas outlet 11 and the gas inlet 12; one end of the tower plate 2 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the tower body 1, a liquid descending channel 21 is formed between the other end of the tower plate 2 and the inner wall of the tower body 1, the upper end of the tower plate 2 is provided with a sieve pore 22, and a floating plate 23 is arranged above the tower plate 2; a float valve 24 is slidably connected in the sieve pore 22; the inner wall of the tower body 1 is provided with a floating trough 25; the floating plates 23 are connected in the floating groove 25 in a sliding manner, the number of the floating plates 23 is two, and the scraping plate 3 is connected between the two floating plates 23 in a sliding manner; an air flue 26 is formed in the tower plate 2, and a steel wire rope 27 is connected in the air flue 26 in a sliding and sealing mode; a driving motor 16 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the tower body 1; one end of the steel wire rope 27 is fixedly connected with the output end of the driving motor 16, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the scraper 3; an electromagnet 28 is embedded in the inner wall of the tower body 1; a distance sensor 17 is arranged on the inner wall of the tower body 1; the controller is used for controlling the whole plate-type rectifying tower to automatically operate;
in the prior art, steam passes through the tower plate 2 and contacts with the liquid raw material, so that the liquid raw material is foamed and a foam layer is generated, the foam flows downwards along with the liquid raw material through the down-flow channel 21, when the foam layers on the tower plate 2 and in the down-flow channel 21 are too high, excessive foam entrainment and blockage of the down-flow channel 21 occur inside the tower body 1, the liquid in the tower body 1 is too early flooded, and the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is further reduced;
when the tower body 1 works, a worker controls a liquid raw material to flow in through the feed inlet 14 through the controller, so that the liquid raw material flows to the upper end of the tower plate 2, the liquid raw material generates buoyancy on the floating plate 23, the floating plate 23 slides upwards along the floating groove 25, the scraping plate 3 is driven by the floating plate 23 to ascend, when the liquid raw material overflows the tower plate 2, the ascending height of the floating plate 23 is the largest, the liquid raw material flows downwards along the descending channel 21 through the lower end of the scraping plate 3 and finally flows out of the liquid outlet 15, the worker controls steam to continuously enter from the air inlet 12 through the controller, so that the steam ascends and pushes the floating valve 24 on the tower plate 2 to ascend by overcoming the self gravity, the sieve holes 22 are opened, the steam enters from the sieve holes 22 and contacts with the liquid raw material, the epoxypropane in the liquid raw material is heated and vaporized to the upper layer of the tower plate 2 along with the ascending steam, and finally the vaporized epoxypropane flows out from the air outlet 11 at the upper end of the tower body 1, when steam contacts with liquid raw materials at the upper end of the tower plate 2 to generate a foam layer at the upper end of the tower plate 2, the scraper 3 can block the foam layer to reduce foam entrainment and reduce the amount of foam flowing into the down-flow channel 21, thereby preventing the down-flow channel 21 from being blocked and avoiding premature flooding inside the tower body 1, when the foam layer accumulation amount in the tower body 1 is excessive, the foam layer reaches the distance sensor 17, at the moment, the distance sensor 17 transmits an electric signal to the controller, the controller controls the driving motor 16 to rotate, so that the steel wire rope 27 extends out of the air passage 26 and is continuously wound at the output end of the driving motor 16, one end of the steel wire rope 27 far away from the driving motor 16 pulls the scraper 3 to push the foam to move towards the down-flow channel 21, the scraper 3 contacts with the tower plate 2 at the down-flow channel 21 and extrudes the foam, at the moment, the controller controls the driving motor 16 to stop, the scraper 3 is made of spring steel material, and the controller controls the electromagnet 28 to be electrified so that the electromagnet 28 adsorbs the scraper 3 to reset; compared with an electric push rod, the steel wire rope 27 and the driving motor 16 are matched for use, the use of the inner space of the tower body can be reduced by using the steel wire rope 27, and the service life of the electric push rod is shortened due to the influence of the inner environment of the tower body on the service life of the electric push rod;
according to the invention, through the matching of the scraper 3 and the floating plate 23, the scraper 3 can block the foam layer at the upper end of the tower plate 2, so that foam entrainment is reduced, and the inflow of foam in the downcomer channel 21 is reduced, thereby preventing the downcomer channel 21 from being blocked, avoiding premature flooding inside the tower body 1, and the scraper 3 is matched with the distance sensor 17, so that the scraper 3 extrudes and crushes the foam at the upper end of the tower body 1, the foam layer is prevented from being accumulated too much, the sieve holes 22 are prevented from being blocked by the foam, the introduction amount of steam from the sieve holes 22 is ensured, and further the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is improved.
As an embodiment of the invention, the scraping plate 3 is obliquely arranged, the scraping plate 3 is connected with the floating plate 23 in a sliding manner through a sliding block 231, the scraping plate 3 is rotationally connected with the sliding block 231 through a torsion spring 232, an included angle between the scraping plate 3 and a horizontal plane is set to be 45-70 degrees, and an inclined plane of the scraping plate 3 is roughly arranged; when the device works, the steel wire rope 27 pulls the scraper 3, so that the scraper 3 drives the sliding block 231 to slide between the two floating plates 23, the scraper 3 pushes the foam to move towards the liquid descending channel 21, at the moment, the scraper 3 inclines to scoop the foam, the foam continuously rises and is crushed along the inclined surface of the scraper 3 due to the rough arrangement of the inclined surface of the scraper 3, when the inclined surface of the scraper 3 is contacted with the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21, the steel wire rope 27 pulls the scraper 3 to overcome the torsion of the torsion spring 232 and continuously approach the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21, so that the foam on the inclined surface of the scraper 3 is continuously crushed until the inclined surface of the scraper 3 is tightly attached to the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21, at the moment, the foam is completely crushed, the volume between the scraper 3 and the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21 is increased due to the inclined arrangement of the scraper 3, the pushing amount of the foam is increased, and the time required for accumulating the thickness of the foam is increased continuously, the speed of foam accumulating upwards along the inclined surface of the scraper 3 under the extrusion of the inclined surface of the scraper 3 is reduced, the phenomenon that the accumulation speed of the foam is greater than the foam crushing speed is avoided, the foam is close to the sieve pores 22, and the foam is contacted with the sieve pores 22 and blocked under the action of steam, so that the gas flow speed at the positions of the sieve pores 22 is reduced, and the liquid leakage phenomenon is avoided; according to the invention, the scraper 3 is obliquely arranged, so that the upward accumulation speed of foam is smaller than the foam crushing speed, the foam is prevented from blocking the sieve pores 22, the introduction amount of steam through the sieve pores 22 is ensured, the efficiency of the plate-type rectifying tower is further improved, and on the other hand, the scraper 3 is obliquely arranged, so that the condition that the steam blows upwards and the foam on the surface of the scraper 3 rises along the surface of the scraper 3 in the process of blowing upwards can be prevented, the foam passes through the scraper 3 and enters the liquid descending channel 21, the foam entrainment is reduced, and the actual application effect of the invention is effectively improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the scraper 3 includes a first scraper 31 and a second scraper 32; one end of the first scraping blade 31 is provided with a groove 311, and the other end is connected with the floating plate 23 in a sliding manner; one end of the second scraping blade 32 is connected in the groove 311 in a sliding manner, and the other end of the second scraping blade is connected with the adjacent floating plate 23 in a sliding manner; the steel wire ropes 27 are fixedly connected with a first scraping blade 31 and a second scraping blade 32; when the tower body 1 is circular in work, the steel wire rope 27 pulls the scraper 3 to move towards the center of the tower body 1, so that the first scraper 31 and the second scraper 32 are pulled by the steel wire rope 27, the second scraper 32 continuously extends out of the groove 311 until the first scraper 31 and the second scraper 32 move to the center of the tower body 1, at the moment, the first scraper 31 and the second scraper 32 are close to each other under the extrusion of the tower body 1 along with the continuous pulling of the steel wire rope 27, so that the second scraper 32 continuously enters the first groove 311, and the first scraper 31 and the second scraper 32 can effectively block and clean foam in the circular tower body 1; according to the invention, through the matching of the first scraping blade 31 and the second scraping blade 32, the first scraping blade 31 and the second scraping blade 32 can block foam inside the circular tower body 1, the application range of the scraping plate 3 is improved, and the practicability of the invention is effectively improved.
As an embodiment of the invention, one end of the second scraping blade 32 is connected in the groove 311 in a sliding and sealing manner; an air bag 4 is embedded in one surface of the first scraping blade 31 connected with the steel wire rope 27, and the air bag 4 is communicated with the groove 311 through an air hole 312; when the air bag works, the surface of the air bag 4 is rough and is made of rubber materials; the surface of the first-position scraping blade 31 is bulged by the air bag 4; when the first scraping blade 31 and the second scraping blade 32 move downwards to the center of the tower body 1 under the pulling of the steel wire rope 27, the second scraping blade 32 continuously extends out of the groove 311, so that the gas in the gas bag 4 is continuously filled into the gas bag 4 through the gas hole 312 until the gas bag 4 on the surface of the first scraping blade 31 is flush with the first scraping blade 31, at the moment, the steel wire rope 27 continuously pulls the first scraping blade 31 and the second scraping blade 32, so that the gas in the gas bag 4 enters the groove 311, the surface of the first scraping blade 31 is sunken, the capacity of foam between the scraping blade 3 and the tower plate 2 at the position of the liquid descending channel 21 is improved, the ascending speed of the foam is reduced, when the first scraping blade 31 and the second scraping blade 32 are pulled by the steel wire rope 27 to cross the center of the tower body 1, the second scraping blade 32 enters the groove 311, so that the gas in the groove 311 enters the gas bag 4, and when the second scraping blade 32 is reset, at the moment, the gas bag 4 swells and pushes the foam and the tower plate 2 at the position of the liquid descending channel 21, as the steel wire rope 27 is pulled continuously, the air bag 4 is extruded and is attached to the tower plate 2 at the position of the liquid descending channel 21, so that the breaking of foam is accelerated, and the practical application effect of the invention is improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a conical protrusion 41 is disposed on a surface of the airbag 4, a spike 42 is fixedly connected to a surface of the protrusion 41, and the protrusion 41 and the spike 42 are made of a hard rubber material; in operation, when foam is upwards blown along the surface of the scraper 3, the foam is contacted with the bulge 41 on the surface of the air bag 4, so that the foam is punctured by the sharp points 42 on the surface of the bulge 41, and when the bulge 41 moves along with the first scraper 31 to the direction of the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21, the foam blown upwards by steam is collided and contacted with the tip of the bulge 41, so that the foam blown upwards by steam is punctured by the tip of the bulge 41; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the bulge 41 and the sharp pricks 42, the bulge 41 and the sharp pricks 42 can pierce the foam, so that the breaking of the air bubbles is accelerated, the breaking effect of the air bubbles is improved, and the total application effect of the invention is further improved.
The refining process of the propylene oxide is suitable for the refining equipment of the propylene oxide, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the liquid raw material is controlled by a controller to flow in through the feed inlet 14, so that the liquid raw material flows to the upper end of the tower plate 2, the liquid raw material generates buoyancy on the floating plate 23, the floating plate 23 slides upwards along the floating groove 25, the first scraping blade 31 and the second scraping blade 32 are driven by the floating plate 23 to ascend, and when the liquid raw material overflows the tower plate 2, the liquid raw material passes through the lower end of the scraping plate 3 and flows downwards along the liquid descending channel 21;
s2: after the liquid raw material is introduced, the operator controls the steam to continuously enter from the air inlet 12 through the controller, so that the steam rises and pushes the floating valve 24 on the tower plate 2 to overcome the pressure rise of the liquid raw material, the sieve holes 22 are opened, the steam enters from the sieve holes 22 and contacts with the liquid raw material, the propylene oxide in the liquid raw material is heated and vaporized, and the vapor rises to the upper layer of tower plate 2;
s3: when the vaporized propylene oxide flows out from the air outlet 11 at the upper end of the tower body 1 along with the steam; the vaporized propylene oxide flows to a condenser along with steam through the air outlet 11, so that the steam is condensed and separated from the propylene oxide, and condensed water flows into the tower body 1 from the return opening 13 and finally flows out from the liquid outlet 15; the dehydrated vaporized propylene oxide steam enters the next condenser and is separated through the difference of the boiling points between propylene oxide and methanol;
s4: when foam generated at the upper end of the tower plate 2 overflows the distance sensor 17, the distance sensor 17 transmits an electric signal to the controller, so that the controller controls the driving motor 16 to pull the first scraping blade 31 and the second scraping blade 32 to push and extrude the foam at the upper end of the tower plate 2 through the steel wire rope 27, the foam is crushed, the surface bulges 41 and the sharp spines 42 of the air bags 4 accelerate the foam crushing, the first scraping blade 31 drives the surface air bags 4 to be in contact with the tower plate 2 at the position of the liquid descending channel 21 along with the pulling of the steel wire rope 27, and the first scraping blade 31 is pulled along with the steel wire rope 27 to overcome the torsion of the torsion spring 232 to rotate, so that the air bags 4 extrude the foam to be crushed; after the foam is broken, the drive motor 16 is stopped and the controller controls the electromagnet 28 to attract the wiper blade to reset.
The specific working process is as follows:
the liquid raw material is controlled by the controller to flow in through the feed inlet 14, so that the liquid raw material flows to the upper end of the tower plate 2, the liquid raw material generates buoyancy on the floating plate 23, the floating plate 23 slides upwards along the floating groove 25, the scraping plate 3 is driven by the floating plate 23 to ascend, when the liquid raw material overflows the tower plate 2, the ascending height of the floating plate 23 is the largest, so that the liquid raw material flows downwards along the liquid descending channel 21 through the lower end of the scraping plate 3 and finally flows out of the liquid outlet 15, the worker controls the steam to continuously enter from the air inlet 12 through the controller, the steam ascends and pushes the floating valve 24 on the tower plate 2 to overcome the pressure rise of the liquid raw material, so that the sieve holes 22 are opened, the steam enters from the sieve holes 22 and contacts with the liquid raw material, the epoxypropane in the liquid raw material is heated and vaporized along with the ascending steam to the upper layer of the tower plate 2, and finally the vaporized epoxypropane flows out from the air outlet 11 at the upper end of the tower body 1, when steam contacts with liquid raw materials at the upper end of the tower plate 2 to generate a foam layer at the upper end of the tower plate 2, the scraping plate 3 can block the foam layer to reduce foam entrainment and reduce the amount of foam flowing into the down-flow channel 21, thereby preventing the down-flow channel 21 from being blocked and avoiding premature flooding inside the tower body 1, when the foam layer accumulation amount in the tower body 1 is excessive, the foam layer reaches the distance sensor 17, at the moment, the distance sensor 17 transmits an electric signal to the controller, the controller controls the driving motor 16 to rotate, the steel wire rope 27 is wound at the output end of the driving motor 16, one end of the steel wire rope 27 far away from the driving motor 16 pulls the scraping plate 3 to push the foam to move towards the down-flow channel 21, the scraping plate 3 contacts with the tower plate 2 at the down-flow channel 21 and extrudes the foam, at the moment, the controller controls the driving motor 16 to stop and controls the electromagnet 28 to be electrified, so that the electromagnet 28 adsorbs the scraper 3 to reset; the steel wire rope 27 pulls the scraper 3, so that the scraper 3 drives the sliding block 231 to slide between the two floating plates 23, the scraper 3 pushes the foam to move towards the liquid descending channel 21, at the moment, the scraper 3 inclines to scoop the foam, so that the foam continuously rises and is crushed along the inclined surface of the scraper 3, when the inclined surface of the scraper 3 contacts with the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21, the steel wire rope 27 pulls the scraper 3 to overcome the torsion of the torsion spring 232 and continuously approach the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21, so that the foam on the inclined surface of the scraper 3 is continuously crushed until the inclined surface of the scraper 3 is tightly attached to the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21, at the moment, the foam is completely crushed, because the scraper 3 is obliquely arranged, the volume between the scraper 3 and the tower plate 2 at the liquid descending channel 21 is increased, the pushing amount of the foam is increased, the time required by accumulating the thickness of the foam is continuously increased, and the speed of the foam accumulated upwards along the inclined surface of the scraper 3 under the extrusion of the inclined surface of the scraper 3 is reduced, the foam accumulation speed is prevented from being larger than the foam crushing speed, so that the foam is close to the sieve pore 22, the foam is contacted with the sieve pore 22 under the action of steam and is blocked, the gas flow speed at the sieve pore 22 is reduced, and the liquid leakage phenomenon is prevented.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a propylene oxide's refining equipment, includes plate-type rectifying column, its characterized in that: the plate-type rectifying tower also comprises a tower body (1), a tower plate (2) and a controller; one end of the tower body (1) is provided with an air outlet (11), and the other end is provided with an air inlet (12); a return port (13), a feed port (14) and a liquid outlet (15) are sequentially arranged between the air outlet (11) and the air inlet (12); one end of the tower plate (2) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the tower body (1), a liquid descending channel (21) is formed between the other end of the tower plate and the inner wall of the tower body (1), the upper end of the tower plate (2) is provided with a sieve pore (22), and a floating plate (23) is arranged above the tower plate (2); a float valve (24) is connected in the sieve pore (22) in a sliding way; a floating trough (25) is arranged on the inner wall of the tower body (1); the floating plates (23) are connected in the floating groove (25) in a sliding manner, the number of the floating plates (23) is two, and the scraping plate (3) is connected between the two floating plates (23) in a sliding manner; an air flue (26) is formed in the tower plate (2), and a steel wire rope (27) is connected in the air flue (26) in a sliding and sealing mode; a driving motor (16) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the tower body (1); one end of the steel wire rope (27) is fixedly connected with the output end of the driving motor (16), and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the scraper (3); an electromagnet (28) is embedded in the inner wall of the tower body (1); a distance sensor (17) is arranged on the inner wall of the tower body (1); the controller is used for controlling the whole plate-type rectifying tower to automatically operate.
2. The apparatus for refining propylene oxide according to claim 1, wherein: the scraper blade (3) slope sets up, and scraper blade (3) pass through slider (231) and kickboard (23) sliding connection, rotate through torsional spring (232) between scraper blade (3) and slider (231) and be connected, and the contained angle between scraper blade (3) and the horizontal plane sets up 45-70, and the inclined plane of scraper blade (3) sets up roughly.
3. The apparatus for refining propylene oxide according to claim 2, wherein: the scraping plate (3) comprises a first scraping blade (31) and a second scraping blade (32); one end of the first scraping blade (31) is provided with a groove (311), and the other end of the first scraping blade is connected with the floating plate (23) in a sliding manner; one end of the second scraping blade (32) is connected in the groove (311) in a sliding manner, and the other end of the second scraping blade is connected with the adjacent floating plate (23) in a sliding manner; the steel wire ropes (27) are fixedly connected with a first scraping blade (31) and a second scraping blade (32).
4. The apparatus for refining propylene oxide according to claim 3, wherein: one end of the second scraping blade (32) is connected in the groove (311) in a sliding and sealing manner; an air bag (4) is inlaid in one side, connected with the steel wire rope (27), of the first scraping blade (31), and the air bag (4) is communicated with the groove (311) through an air hole (312).
5. The apparatus for refining propylene oxide according to claim 4, wherein: the surface of the air bag (4) is provided with a conical bulge (41), the surface of the bulge (41) is fixedly connected with a sharp spike (42), and the bulge (41) and the sharp spike (42) are made of hard rubber materials.
6. A process for purifying propylene oxide, which is applied to the apparatus for purifying propylene oxide according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1: the liquid raw material is controlled by a controller to flow in through the feed inlet (14), so that the liquid raw material flows to the upper end of the tower plate (2), the liquid raw material generates buoyancy on the floating plate (23), the floating plate (23) slides upwards along the floating groove (25), the first scraping blade (31) and the second scraping blade (32) are driven by the floating plate (23) to ascend, and when the liquid raw material overflows the tower plate (2), the liquid raw material passes through the lower end of the scraping plate (3) and flows downwards along the liquid descending channel (21);
s2: after the liquid raw material is introduced, a worker controls steam to continuously enter from the air inlet (12) through the controller, so that the steam rises and pushes the floating valve (24) on the tower plate (2) to overcome the pressure rise of the liquid raw material, the sieve holes (22) are opened, the steam enters from the sieve holes (22) and contacts with the liquid raw material, the epoxypropane in the liquid raw material is heated and vaporized, and the steam rises to the upper layer of tower plate (2);
s3: when the vaporized propylene oxide flows out of an air outlet (11) at the upper end of the tower body (1) along with the steam; the vaporized propylene oxide flows to a condenser along with steam through the air outlet (11), so that the steam is condensed and separated from the propylene oxide, and condensed water flows into the tower body (1) from the reflux port (13) and finally flows out from the liquid outlet (15); the dehydrated vaporized propylene oxide steam enters the next condenser and is separated through the difference of the boiling points between propylene oxide and methanol;
s4: when foam generated at the upper end of the tower plate (2) overflows the distance sensor (17), the distance sensor (17) transmits an electric signal to the controller, so that the controller controls the driving motor (16) to pull the first scraping blade (31) and the second scraping blade (32) to push and extrude the foam at the upper end of the tower plate (2) through the steel wire rope (27), the foam is crushed, the surface bulges (41) and the sharp spines (42) of the air bag (4) accelerate the foam crushing, the first scraping blade (31) drives the surface air bag (4) to be in contact with the tower plate (2) at the position of the liquid descending channel (21) along with the pulling of the steel wire rope (27), and the first scraping blade (31) is pulled along with the steel wire rope (27) to overcome the torsion of the torsion spring (232) to rotate, so that the air bag (4) extrudes the foam to be crushed; after the foam is broken, the driving motor (16) stops, and the controller controls the electromagnet (28) to adsorb the scraping blade to reset.
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Effective date of registration: 20230519 Address after: Address of Chengkou Town Government, Wudi County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, 251908, east of Daji Road Patentee after: SHANDONG SANYUE CHEMICAL CO.,LTD. Address before: 223900 Room 501, building 3, Fukang garden, Hengshan North Road, Sihong County, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Wang Tinglan |