CN113826725A - A device that withers for white tea - Google Patents
A device that withers for white tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN113826725A CN113826725A CN202111169727.9A CN202111169727A CN113826725A CN 113826725 A CN113826725 A CN 113826725A CN 202111169727 A CN202111169727 A CN 202111169727A CN 113826725 A CN113826725 A CN 113826725A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a withering device for white tea, which comprises a withering chamber, wherein the side wall of the withering chamber is provided with a light inlet area, a plurality of groups of withering discs are arranged in the withering chamber in an up-down stacking mode, and tea leaves take the withering discs as a placing plane; the side wall of the withering chamber is provided with a plurality of air ports which are correspondingly arranged at the lower part of each withering tray, the air outlet direction of each air port faces towards the withering trays, the air outlet temperature is 10-15 degrees, and the air outlet speed is 2.5-3 m/s; meanwhile, an air outlet interlayer is arranged at the upper part of the withering chamber; the withering chamber forms unidirectional positive-pressure cold air flow in the withering chamber through the air port and the air outlet interlayer so as to take out moisture in the tea leaves on the withering tray by taking low-temperature air as a medium. The invention is set according to the withering requirement of the white tea, can inhibit the fermentation of the tea leaves while ensuring the consistency and stability of the withering process, and is used for preparing the high-quality white tea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea processing, in particular to a withering device for white tea.
Background
The withering is a procedure in the tea making process, which is a process for dissipating water of tea leaves before processing, and in the withering process, the water of fresh leaves is reduced, the leaves are turned from crisp and hard to soft, and the color is turned from bright green to dark green, so that the leaves are convenient to be rolled into strips; due to the loss of water and respiration of the leaves, the permeability of cell membranes is increased, the activity of enzyme substances contained in the leaves is enhanced, fresh leaf components such as starch, protein, insoluble protopectin and the like are promoted to be decomposed and converted to generate effective substances such as glucose, amino acid, soluble pectin and the like which are beneficial to the quality of finished tea, and polyphenol substances are oxidized to different degrees, so that the herb smell of the tea is dissipated, and the special mellow but not astringent tea fragrance and tea taste of different tea such as faint fragrance, flower and fruit fragrance and the like are generated.
Tea withering in the prior art mainly comprises two types of solar withering and indoor withering, wherein picked fresh tea leaves are spread according to a certain thickness by the solar withering, and the fresh tea leaves are in a wilted state by airing; the indoor withering is realized by uniformly spreading fresh leaves on a bamboo curtain or a bamboo curtain and placing air in a cool and dry place indoors. The green grass flavor in the tea leaves can disappear by effective withering, the natural fragrance of the fresh leaves is improved, and the quality of the tea leaves prepared from the fresh leaves is improved, but the effective withering has higher requirements on the environment, the moisture in each part of the tea leaves is uneven due to uneven illuminance, temperature and humidity difference or uneven ventilation, and various substances in the leaves are not suitable for the full decomposition of the environment, so that the withering effect is influenced.
As a first procedure of tea treatment, white tea, black tea and green tea all need to be withered, but the withering degrees are different, wherein the withering degree of the white tea is the maximum, and the water content of the treated fresh leaves is reduced to be below 40%; the withering degree of the black tea is low, and the water content is reduced to about 60 percent; the withering degree of the green tea is minimum, and the water content is reduced to 68-70%. In addition, the conditions of temperature, humidity and air circulation required for the withering process of different tea leaves are different, the withering process is accompanied by certain fermentation, and the fermentation requirements in the withering process are different among different tea leaves, for example, white tea needs to be inhibited in the withering process. In addition, the common withering treatment mode of the high-quality white tea is a synergistic mode of sunlight withering and indoor withering, namely, the tea leaves are moved out of a withered room in the morning and placed in the sunlight for airing and withering, the tea leaves are transferred back into a ventilation room after a period of time, and the operation is recycled after the surfaces of the tea leaves are spread for cooling.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a withering device for white tea, which solves the above mentioned drawbacks in the prior art.
The technical problem solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a withering device for white tea comprises a withering chamber, wherein the side wall of the withering chamber is also provided with a light inlet area, the light inlet area provides a light source for the withering chamber, the light source faces the indoor area of the withering chamber uniformly, a plurality of groups of withering trays are arranged in the withering chamber in an up-and-down stacking mode, and tea leaves take the withering trays as a placing plane;
the lateral wall of the withering chamber is provided with a plurality of air ports which are correspondingly arranged at the lower part of each withering tray, each air port is a one-way air outlet, the air outlet direction faces the withering trays, the air outlet temperature of each air port is 10-15 degrees, and the air outlet speed is 2.5-3 m/s; meanwhile, an air outlet interlayer is arranged at the upper part of the withering chamber, the air outlet interlayer is communicated with the withering chamber, a one-way partition plate is arranged at the communicated position, and an air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the air outlet interlayer; the withering chamber forms unidirectional positive-pressure cold air flow in the withering chamber through the air port and the air outlet interlayer so as to take out moisture in the tea leaves on the withering tray by taking low-temperature air as a medium.
By way of further limitation, the indoor side of the withering chamber is attached with a tinfoil lining.
By way of further limitation, the light inlet areas are light inlet slits arranged on the east side wall and the west side wall of the withering room, the light inlet slits are transversely arranged on the light inlet slits and are arranged at intervals in the height direction, louvers are arranged on the light inlet slits, and the light inlet angles and the light inlet quantity are adjusted through the louvers; and a lamp strip is arranged between the light inlet seams adjacent to each other and is used as an auxiliary light source to ensure.
By way of further limitation, the light inlet area is a surface light source arranged on the side wall of the withering chamber, and the power and the direction of the surface light source are adjustable.
As a further limitation, the withering trays are arranged on the withering brackets and are arranged in an up-and-down stacking mode through the withering brackets;
walking wheels with locking mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the withering support, and the withering trays arranged in groups are pushed out of the withering chamber integrally after withering is completed through the walking wheels; traveling wheel clamping grooves for limiting the positions of the traveling wheels are formed in the withering chamber, and the position of the withering support is limited through the traveling wheel clamping grooves after the withering support is pushed into the withering chamber, so that the air ports correspond to the withering trays on the withering support one by one;
the withering tray is detachably inserted and fixed on the withering support in an insertion mode.
As a further limitation, the withering tray is a double-layer hollowed tray surface and comprises a bottom-layer metal tray surface and a mesh fabric layer formed on the bottom-layer metal tray surface, convex ribs are arranged on the bottom-layer metal tray surface at intervals, hollowed holes are formed in the convex ribs, and a gap space with the height consistent with that of the convex ribs is reserved between the bottom-layer metal tray surface and the mesh fabric layer.
By way of further limitation, an included angle of 30-45 degrees is formed between the withering trays and the incident angle of the light source, and the spacing of the withering trays in the stacking arrangement is determined based on that the whole tray surface of each withering tray can be irradiated by the light source.
As a further limitation, a detachable air deflector is arranged on the outer side of the air port, and the air deflector can uniformly guide the air outlet of a single air port to the bottom surface of the withering tray on the upper part of the corresponding position of the air port.
Has the advantages that: the withering device for the white tea can guide tea leaves in a white tea preparation process to effectively wither the tea leaves, has good controllability, can effectively avoid the conditions of insufficient withering, excessive withering and uneven withering which are easy to occur in the withering process, enables the withering parameters of the tea leaves in the same batch to be uniform and stable, controls the illumination condition at the same time, can effectively control the fermentation process by a withering mode of controlling the temperature by cold air and taking away moisture at the lower part, ensures the air circulation, is particularly suitable for the withering of the white tea, enables green grass in the tea leaves to dissipate and simultaneously generate the fragrance or the flower and fruit fragrance, and can reduce the bitter taste of the tea leaves and crushed materials generated in the withering process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the withered tray of fig. 1.
Wherein: 1. a left air outlet; 2. a light inlet seam; 3. a one-way separator; 4. a one-way vent; 5. withering the bracket; 6. a first withering tray set; 7. a tuyere; 8. an air outlet interlayer; 9. a withering room; 10. a right air outlet; 11. a slot; 12. a light strip; 13. louver blades; 14. withering the bracket; 15. a second withering pan set; 16. a ground surface; 17. withering the bracket bottom plate; 18. a running wheel; 19. a guide groove; 20. a mesh-faced fabric layer; 21. a bottom metal disc surface; 22. and (6) hollowing out the holes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
It should be noted that if directional indications (such as according to the upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. of the components in a specific posture (according to the figure), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In the following examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the embodiment of the withering device for white tea, the main body of the withering device for white tea is a chamber structure which comprises a withering chamber 9 arranged at the lower part and an air outlet interlayer 8 arranged at the upper part, the withering chamber 9 and the air outlet interlayer 8 are separated by a one-way partition plate 3 with one-way vent holes 4, and in the embodiment, the one-way partition plate 3 is detachably inserted and fixed through slots 11, so that the one-way partition plate 3 can be conveniently detached to be cleaned and maintained when necessary.
The withering chamber 9 is provided with tinfoil linings attached to the indoor side, the left side and the right side of the withering chamber 9 correspond to the east direction and the west direction respectively, the east side wall and the west side wall of the withering chamber 9 are provided with a plurality of light inlet slits 2, the withering chamber 9 takes the light inlet slits 2 as light inlet areas, the light inlet slits 2 are transverse light inlet slits, the transverse length of the light inlet slits 2 is consistent with the width of the east side wall and the width of the west side wall of the withering chamber 9, the light inlet slits 2 are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the east side wall and the west side wall according to the pattern shown in figure 1, louvers 13 are arranged on the light inlet slits 2, the light inlet slits 2 are closed or opened by adjusting the louvers, and the light inlet angle and the light inlet amount on the light inlet slits 2 are adjusted by the louvers 13; in consideration of the uncertainty of sunlight, the light receiving stability of the withered tea leaves on the withering tray is improved, and a light belt 12 with adjustable brightness is formed on the inner side of the light inlet seam 2 adjacent to the position of the light inlet seam to serve as an auxiliary light source.
Through the above arrangement, the external interference can be reduced to the greatest extent when tea leaf withering operation is carried out in the withering chamber 9, when the intensity of external sunlight is too high, the light inlet quantity of the light inlet slits 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the shutters 13, and when the light inlet quantity of the light inlet slits 2 is insufficient, the light inlet quantity is supplemented through the lamp strip 12, and because the lamp strip 12 is arranged into a plurality of groups, the effect of a similar surface light source can be obtained, so that the similar surface light source and the light inlet slits 2 supplement each other. Under the condition of this embodiment, the room 9 that withers utilizes sunlight as main light source cooperation lamp area 12 to cooperate the replenishment, can improve the illumination uniformity of withering technology under the circumstances of guaranteeing the energy consumption.
In another embodiment, the light inlet area may also be arranged to directly set the withering chamber 9 as a closed structure, and the surface light source arranged on the side wall of the withering chamber 9 is used as the light inlet area. Under the condition of the embodiment, the illumination consistency of the withering process is better, the constraint of weather can be removed, and the operation under the all-weather condition can be realized, but the defect is that the energy consumption is higher.
The withering room 9 is a withering work area, in this embodiment, the withering room 9 includes two sub-work units which are bilaterally symmetrical, a withering support 14 is respectively disposed in the two sub-work units, the withering support 14 includes a withering support base plate 17 and a vertical rod formed on the withering support base plate 17, a traveling wheel 18 is disposed on the lower portion of the withering support base plate 17, and the withering room 9 is correspondingly mounted on a ground 16 area and is provided with a guide groove 19 which is matched with the traveling wheel 18 and guides the traveling wheel 18; the withering chamber 9 is provided with a door at the side of the view shown in fig. 1 and can push in the two withering supports 14 through the guide groove 19 after the door is opened, and after the withering supports 14 are pushed to a specific position, the guide groove 19 is also provided with a running wheel slot at the position corresponding to the specific position to position and limit the running wheels 18 entering the specific position; in addition, in the present embodiment, a locking mechanism is provided on the running wheels 18 to facilitate locking of the withering carriage 14 at any position of the lead of the guide groove 19.
The vertical rods on the withering brackets 14 are kept vertical, slots are arranged on the vertical rods at equal intervals, and withering trays are detachably fixed at the positions of the slots in an inserting mode, so that the withering trays on the same withering bracket 14 are arranged in an up-and-down stacking mode, and the withering trays are used as placing planes for tea leaves to be withered. The withering trays on the two withering supports 14 correspond to the first withering tray set 6 and the second withering tray set 15 respectively. The withering trays on the first withering tray set 6 and the second withering tray set 15 are obliquely arranged, an included angle of 30-45 degrees is arranged between the parallel incident angles of the withering trays and the light source on the corresponding side, the distance between the adjacent withering trays is determined by the irradiation of the light source on the whole tray surface of each withering tray, the arrangement mode can ensure that the withering trays on the withering bracket 14 can be uniformly irradiated by the incident light entering the light slit 2 to the maximum extent in a small space, the incident light entering the light slit 2 irradiates the tray surface of the whole withering tray, if the included angle is larger than the included angle, the tea leaves to be withered are easy to be placed on the withering trays unstably, and if the included angle is smaller than the included angle, the upper withering tray is easy to shade the inner part of the lower tray, so that the illumination is not uniform, the distance between the upper tray and the lower tray needs to be increased, so that the amount of the tea leaves to be withered in single treatment is reduced, the withering treatment efficiency of the apparatus is reduced.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the air ports 7 are provided on the side wall opposite to the viewing angle of the withering chamber 9, and the air ports 7 include a plurality of air ports, one-to-one corresponding to the withering trays on the first withering tray set 6 and the second withering tray set 15, and are provided at the lower parts of the corresponding withering trays; the air outlets 7 are all one-way air outlets and are externally connected with an air supply device, the air outlet direction of the air outlets 7 faces to the corresponding withering trays, air deflector assembly grooves are arranged on the outer sides of the positions of the air outlets 7, and air deflectors are assembled through the air deflector assembly grooves and can be used for guiding the air outlet of the air outlets 7 to the bottom surfaces of the withering trays on the upper parts of the corresponding positions of the air outlets more uniformly.
In order to make the air outlet of the air port 7 better pass through the withering tray, the structure of the withering tray of the embodiment is as shown in fig. 2, and the withering tray comprises a double-layer hollowed-out tray surface, wherein the double-layer hollowed-out tray surface comprises a bottom-layer metal tray surface 21 and a mesh fabric layer 20 formed on the bottom-layer metal tray surface 21, hollowed-out holes 22 for the air outlet of the air port 7 to pass through are formed in the bottom-layer metal tray surface 21, and a plurality of convex ribs are further formed in the bottom-layer metal tray surface 21, and the convex ribs separate a gap interlayer between the bottom-layer metal tray surface 21 and the mesh fabric layer 20, so that the mesh fabric layer 20 abuts against the surface of the convex ribs of the bottom-layer metal tray surface 21, and the combination of the convex ribs and the mesh fabric layer 20 can enable tea leaves to be withered to have better attachment stability when being placed on the mesh fabric layer 20.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the mode of sunlight withering is closer to the traditional tea leaf preparation process, the withering condition is more controllable, when in use, tea leaves to be withered are firstly paved on the surface of a withering tray and are arranged on the surface of a mesh fabric layer 20, then the withering tray is arranged on a withering tray support 14, the grouped withering trays are integrally pushed into a withering chamber 9 through a travelling wheel 18 and a guide groove 19, the position of the withering tray support 14 is limited through a travelling wheel slot after being pushed into the withering chamber 9, so that the positions of the withering trays on the air ports 7 and the withering tray support 14 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the withering trays are respectively inclined towards the light feeding slots 2 on the corresponding sides, and the withering operation can be carried out under the sunlight condition.
During withering operation, the tea leaves to be withered on the surface of the withering tray are heated and withered integrally, in the withering process, moisture can be brought out through the air opening 7 which continuously discharges air at the bottom surface of the tea leaves to be withered through the air opening 7 which continuously discharges air, so that positive air pressure is formed in the withering chamber 9, moisture generated in the withering process in the withering chamber 9 cannot be retained, the positive air pressure is directly utilized and is brought into the air-discharging interlayer 8 through the one-way partition plate 3, and is discharged through the left air outlets 1 and the right air outlets 6 on two sides of the air-discharging interlayer 8, in the vehicle process, the temperature in the withering chamber 9 is high, but the surface of the tea leaves to be withered can be controlled below 20 degrees through controlling the air-discharging temperature of the air opening 7, tea leaf drying can be guaranteed while the withering of the tea leaves is realized, and the fermentation process of the tea leaves is inhibited.
Because the environment of the withering chamber 9 is relatively closed, and the tinfoil lining is arranged on the inner side of the withering chamber 9, if continuous cold air in the air opening 7 is not available, the air temperature in the withering chamber 9 can be continuously increased, so that the excessively withered state of dry buds, burnt edges and redness is caused, and the withering chamber is not easy to roll into a strip shape in the rolling process, and has light fragrance and low taste and dark leaf color; and if the temperature of the continuous cold air in the air port 7 is lower, the withering efficiency is influenced, and meanwhile, the conditions of fragile leaf teeth, loose tea strips and more fragments in the withering process can occur.
The reason why hot air is not used is that the hot air withering can cause the tea leaves to be withered on the withering tray to have obvious uneven withering condition, so that the quality of operations such as rolling in the subsequent process and the like is ensured, and the quality of the white tea is further influenced.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A withering device for white tea, which comprises a withering chamber, wherein the side wall of the withering chamber is also provided with a light inlet area, the light inlet area provides a light source for the withering chamber to uniformly face the indoor area of the withering chamber, a plurality of groups of withering trays are arranged in the withering chamber in an up-and-down stacking mode, and tea leaves take the withering trays as a placing plane;
the lateral wall of the withering chamber is provided with a plurality of air ports which are correspondingly arranged at the lower part of each withering tray, each air port is a one-way air outlet, the air outlet direction faces the withering trays, the air outlet temperature of each air port is 10-15 degrees, and the air outlet speed is 2.5-3 m/s; meanwhile, an air outlet interlayer is arranged at the upper part of the withering chamber, the air outlet interlayer is communicated with the withering chamber, a one-way partition plate is arranged at the communicated position, and an air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the air outlet interlayer; the withering chamber forms unidirectional positive-pressure cold air flow in the withering chamber through the air port and the air outlet interlayer so as to take out moisture in the tea leaves on the withering tray by taking low-temperature air as a medium.
2. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor side of the chamber is faced with a tinfoil lining.
3. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light inlet regions are light inlet slits provided on east and west side walls of the withering chamber, the light inlet slits are spaced apart in height and are provided with louvers, and the light inlet angle and the amount of light entering are adjusted by the louvers; and a lamp strip is arranged between the light inlet seams adjacent to each other and is used as an auxiliary light source to ensure.
4. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light-admitting region is a surface light source disposed on the side wall of the withering chamber, the power and orientation of the surface light source being adjustable.
5. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the withering trays are mounted on a withering support and are arranged one above the other by the withering support.
6. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 6, wherein the withering carriage is provided with running wheels with locking mechanisms at the bottom thereof, and the grouped withering trays are pushed out of the withering chamber integrally by the running wheels after withering is completed; and traveling wheel clamping grooves for limiting the positions of the traveling wheels are formed in the withering chamber, and the position of the withering support is limited through the traveling wheel clamping grooves after the withering support is pushed into the withering chamber, so that the air ports are in one-to-one correspondence with the withering trays on the withering support.
7. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 6, wherein the withering supports are provided with slots and the withering trays are removably secured by insertion into the withering supports.
8. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the withering tray is a double-layer hollowed-out tray surface comprising a bottom metal tray surface and a mesh fabric layer formed on the bottom metal tray surface, the bottom metal tray surface is provided with ribs at intervals, hollowed-out holes are formed on the ribs, and a clearance space with the height consistent with that of the ribs is reserved between the bottom metal tray surface and the mesh fabric layer.
9. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the incident angle of the withering trays and the light source is 30-45 °, and the spacing of the withering trays when the trays are stacked is such that the entire tray surface of each withering tray can be illuminated by the light source.
10. A withering device for white tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer side of the tuyeres is provided with a removable air deflector to guide the air from a single tuyere uniformly onto the underside of the tray above the corresponding position of the tuyere.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111169727.9A CN113826725A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | A device that withers for white tea |
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| CN203860364U (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-10-08 | 泉州得力农林机械有限公司 | Tea withering machine |
| CN107333919A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-10 | 凤冈县凤鸣春茶业有限公司 | Tea leaf withering room |
| CN207185827U (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-04-06 | 都匀市匀山茶叶有限责任公司 | A kind of tealeaves cold wind to wither fermenting cellar |
| CN108419856A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-08-21 | 余庆县正泰茶业发展有限公司 | The withering technology of white tea |
| CN109122939A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-04 | 贵州岚宇茶业有限公司 | A kind of wither with the black tea daylight for turning over whole function uses device |
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2021
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| CN203860364U (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-10-08 | 泉州得力农林机械有限公司 | Tea withering machine |
| CN207185827U (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-04-06 | 都匀市匀山茶叶有限责任公司 | A kind of tealeaves cold wind to wither fermenting cellar |
| CN107333919A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-10 | 凤冈县凤鸣春茶业有限公司 | Tea leaf withering room |
| CN108419856A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-08-21 | 余庆县正泰茶业发展有限公司 | The withering technology of white tea |
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| 安徽省屯溪茶业学校主编: "《制茶学》", 农业出版社, pages: 137 * |
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Application publication date: 20211224 |