CN113821897A - Complex micro-terrain recognition and power transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on elevation image - Google Patents
Complex micro-terrain recognition and power transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on elevation image Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a complex micro-terrain recognition and power transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on elevation images, which takes the influence of terrain factors of the location of a power transmission line on wind speed into consideration, collects geographic data of the area of the power transmission line to establish a three-dimensional model, and then uses finite element analysis software to carry out wind field simulation on the three-dimensional model of the terrain to obtain the actual wind speed of the complex micro-terrain; and finally, learning and training a large number of terrain three-dimensional models and wind field simulation results thereof by using a support vector machine algorithm, realizing intelligent identification and prediction of the actual wind speed of the complex micro-terrain, and substituting the obtained actual wind speed into a power transmission line wind deflection calculation formula to calculate the wind deflection angle and wind deflection displacement of the specific mountainous terrain lower conductor. The method is suitable for most typical micro terrains on complex mountains, and the actual wind speed of the height of the wire is intelligently identified, so that the technical scheme of the design of the power transmission line on the complex micro terrains is optimized, and the working efficiency and the safety and reliability of the line are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a complex microtopography recognition and power transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on an elevation image, and belongs to the technical field of power transmission and distribution.
Background
The voltage grade of the power grid in China is improved, so that long-distance power transmission is possible, and the mountain areas with complex terrains cannot be opened by long-distance erection of the power transmission line. The influence of the topographic factors of the complex micro-topography on the wind speed causes that the deviation between the actual wind speed at the height of the power transmission line and the wind speed in the flat area is large, so that the windage yaw displacement of the power transmission line has a certain difference. Therefore, the influence of mountain land terrain on the wind speed is considered when the power transmission line is built, so that the probability of wind deviation fault of the power transmission line is greatly reduced. Considering the effect of the mountainous terrain on the wind speed, the wind deflection of the power transmission line needs to be calculated after a series of corrections are performed on a traditional wind deflection calculation formula. With the development of artificial intelligence, the effect of the complex microtopography on the wind speed can be intelligently identified, and then a correction coefficient of a traditional windage yaw calculation formula is obtained. The influence of the complex microtopography on the wind speed is judged through intelligent identification, the time of calculating the wind deflection of the power transmission line is greatly shortened, errors caused by manual operation are reduced, and the rapidness and the intelligence of the design of the power transmission line are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a complex microtopography recognition and power transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on an elevation image, so that the windage yaw calculation of a power transmission line is more convenient, intelligent and rapid.
The method comprises the following steps of acquiring information such as elevation images of site terrain, longitude and latitude coordinate information of towers, tower models and local meteorological data, acquiring corresponding geographic data of an area where a power transmission line is located by using elevation data software, then obtaining a three-dimensional model of the site terrain by using a Lagrange interpolation method, and simulating and calculating the spatial distribution of a wind speed field at the location of the power transmission line through a three-dimensional wind field under complex micro-terrain by using finite element analysis software to obtain an influence result of a terrain factor on wind speed. And finally, learning and training a large number of terrain three-dimensional models and wind field simulation results thereof by using a support vector machine algorithm, so as to predict a new terrain three-dimensional model wind field result and directly obtain the actual wind speed of the on-site terrain. And substituting the intelligently obtained wind speed with consideration of mountain land terrain factors into a power transmission line wind deflection calculation formula to obtain a wind deflection angle and a wind deflection displacement.
A complex microtopography recognition and transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on elevation images,
step 1, acquiring an elevation image of a power transmission line erection site terrain, longitude and latitude coordinates of a pole tower, a model of the pole tower and local meteorological data;
step 2, collecting geographical data of the power transmission line erection site area by using a global digital elevation model, and processing to obtain a digital elevation data map: the method comprises the steps that a global digital elevation model is used for collecting, processing and analyzing geographic data of an area where a power transmission line is located, a topographic data map of the area where the power transmission line is located is derived, an initial topographic image is intercepted according to different altitudes, RGB images corresponding to different heights are obtained, then gray processing is conducted on the images, the RGB images are converted into corresponding gray images, the obtained topographic data gray images are further processed, and a digital elevation data map corresponding to a terrain with extremely high precision is obtained;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain by adopting a sliding type Lagrange interpolation method, combining simple three-dimensional models of towers and wires of the power transmission line, substituting the obtained coordinates of each base tower of the power transmission line and the connecting lines according to the labels of the base towers into the corresponding three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain according to the collected simple three-dimensional models of the towers and the wires, and obtaining a whole three-dimensional model of the power transmission line, wherein the whole three-dimensional model of the power transmission line comprises the three-dimensional models of the site terrain, the towers and the wires;
step 4, carrying out wind field simulation on the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line by using finite element analysis software to obtain the actual wind speed of the complex micro-terrain;
step 5, learning and training a large number of integral three-dimensional models and simulation results of regional power transmission lines by adopting a support vector machine algorithm, and constructing a support vector machine algorithm model;
step 6, carrying out wind field result prediction on the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line of the target terrain through the support vector machine intelligent algorithm model to obtain the actual wind speed of the height where the power transmission line is erected;
and 7, substituting the wind speed result into a power transmission line windage yaw calculation formula to obtain a windage yaw result.
More specifically, the specific process of step 3 is as follows: cutting the acquired digital elevation data map according to the latitude and longitude coordinates of the transmission tower in the target area and according to the topographic range of the transmission line, and obtaining the cut digital elevation data, wherein the data type of the cut digital elevation data is grid data, and the cut digital elevation data is characterized in that the distance between data of each data point in the longitude and latitude directions is 30 m; the longitude and latitude of the geographic data of the terrain are used as independent variables, the corresponding elevation data are used as dependent variables, and a functional relation between the longitude and latitude coordinates of one point on the terrain and the elevation data is constructed; then, a three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain is established by adopting a sliding Lagrange interpolation method, and the interpolation method ensures that an interpolation point is always in the middle of an interpolation interval, so that a fitting curve is smoother; drawing a wire model according to actual wire data provided by a power supply department, and then establishing a simple three-dimensional model of a tower according to actual tower parameters of a power transmission line, wherein important parameters required by the tower comprise tower height, cross arm length and A, B, C three-phase hanging point position information; and finally, placing the simple three-dimensional model of the tower and the lead of the power transmission line into the three-dimensional model of the terrain of the power transmission line erection site according to the position in the actual terrain, so as to obtain the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line.
More specifically, the specific process of step 4 is as follows: establishing a k-epsilon turbulence model, introducing the obtained three-dimensional model of the whole power transmission line corresponding to the actual terrain into the k-epsilon turbulence model, taking the three-dimensional model as a boundary at one side of a calculation domain, setting the boundary as a solid boundary, defining one side of the calculation domain as an inlet boundary and setting the boundary as a speed inlet, setting the other side of the calculation domain as an outlet boundary, and setting other boundaries as open boundaries; on the basis of the k-epsilon turbulence model, a wall function is adopted to process airflow entering the wall surface; and obtaining a result of the point simulation calculation by taking a certain point on the simulation result image.
More specifically, in step 5, the support vector machine algorithm model establishing process is as follows: training a support vector machine algorithm by using a large number of integrated three-dimensional models of the power transmission line and corresponding wind field simulation results thereof as a training set to construct an intelligent prediction model; taking a part of data as a verification set for evaluating the general error rate of the constructed model, and adjusting the hyper-parameters based on the verification set to obtain a better intelligent prediction model; finally, the three-dimensional model data of the whole new power transmission line is used as a test set, a wind field prediction result is obtained through the established intelligent prediction model, the result is compared with an actual simulation result for analysis, and the accuracy and sensitivity result of the final intelligent prediction model are evaluated; and finally obtaining the support vector machine algorithm model meeting the requirements.
More specifically, in step 6, after the support vector machine algorithm model is constructed, the whole three-dimensional model of the power transmission line in the target area is led into the support vector machine algorithm model, and the wind field result of the three-dimensional model is intelligently predicted, so that the actual wind speed and the wind slope angle of the height at which the power transmission line in the target area is erected are obtained.
More specifically, the windage yaw displacement of the power transmission line is actually generated by the superposition of two effects of the windage yaw displacement of the suspension insulator of the linear tower and the windage yaw displacement of the wire. The formula for calculating the wind slip angle considering the influence of the terrain factors on the wind speed is as follows,
the wind deflection angle calculation formula of the insulator string is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is an insulator string wind deflection angle,
in order to suspend the wind pressure of the insulator string,
in order to suspend the insulator string from gravity,
is the wind load of the wire and is,
in order to realize the self-gravity of the conducting wire,
in order to realize the horizontal span of the tower,
the tower vertical span is provided.
Wherein, the suspension insulator string wind pressure formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
designing height for wiringhThe wind speed of the wind turbine is measured,
the horizontal wind-receiving area of the insulator string,
designing height for wiringhAnd (6) locating a wind slope angle.
The designed wind speed of the line is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a reference wind speed at 10m,
the terrain correction coefficient is obtained, z is a terrain roughness index, and h is a line design height;
the gravity formula of the suspension insulator string:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the mass of the insulator string,
the wind area in the vertical direction of the insulator string, gIs the acceleration of gravity.
Wire wind load formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the coefficient of the non-uniform wind pressure of the electric wire,
the shape factor of the electric wire is the coefficient of the shape of the electric wire,
the coefficient is adjusted for the wind load,
is the outer diameter of the electric wire,
the thickness of the ice coating on the wire (0 in the case of no ice coating),
is the wind-force acceleration ratio and is,
is the included angle between the wind direction and the axial direction of the electric wire.
The dead weight calculation formula of the lead is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to not consider the self-gravity of the terrain factor wire,
is a unit ofThe wind area of the length wire in the vertical direction.
The wire wind deflection angle calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the wind deflection angle of the conducting wire is set,
the weight of the lead is the specific load,
the wind load ratio of the wire is.
According to the method, aiming at intelligent identification of influence of complex micro-topography on wind speed, an elevation image, tower longitude and latitude coordinate data and local meteorological data of a power transmission line erection area are collected, and then geographic data of the area where the power transmission line erection area is located are collected by utilizing elevation data software to establish a three-dimensional model of site topography. And predicting the three-dimensional model wind field result by using a support vector machine algorithm to obtain the actual wind speed of the height of the power transmission line, substituting the actual wind speed into a line wind deflection calculation formula to calculate a wind deflection angle and a wind deflection displacement, so that the power transmission line is erected in a complicated micro-terrain area more intelligently and quickly.
The invention has the main idea that the influence of special terrain factors on the field wind speed and the frequency of designing the power transmission line on the complex micro-terrain are considered, and the intelligent identification method can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the manual errors. The method comprises the steps of obtaining elevation images of site terrain, longitude and latitude coordinate information of towers, tower models, local meteorological data and other information, utilizing elevation data software to collect corresponding geographic data of an area where a power transmission line is located, then obtaining a three-dimensional model of the site terrain by adopting a Lagrange interpolation method, and then simulating and calculating the spatial distribution of a wind speed field at the location of the power transmission line through a three-dimensional wind field under complex micro-terrain by finite element analysis software to obtain the influence result of terrain factors on the wind speed. And finally, learning and training a large number of terrain three-dimensional models and wind field simulation results thereof by using a support vector machine algorithm, realizing prediction of a new terrain three-dimensional model wind field result, directly obtaining actual wind speed of on-site terrain, and substituting the intelligently obtained wind speed considering mountain terrain factors into a power transmission line wind deflection calculation formula to obtain a wind deflection angle and a wind deflection displacement. The method is suitable for most typical complicated mountain micro-terrains, and the actual wind speed of the height of the conducting wire is intelligently identified, so that the technical scheme of the design of the power transmission line of the complicated micro-terrains is optimized, and the working efficiency and the safety and reliability of the line are greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional model of the whole of a power transmission line.
FIG. 2 is a finite element wind velocity field profile of a three-dimensional model.
Detailed Description
A complex microtopography recognition and transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on elevation images,
step 1, acquiring an elevation image of a power transmission line erection site terrain, longitude and latitude coordinates of a pole tower, a model of the pole tower and local meteorological data;
step 2, collecting geographical data of the power transmission line erection site by using software of a global digital elevation model ASTER GDEM V2 version, and processing to obtain a digital elevation data map: the method comprises the steps that a global digital elevation model is used for collecting, processing and analyzing geographic data of an area where a power transmission line is located, a topographic data map of the area where the power transmission line is located is derived, an initial topographic image is intercepted according to different altitudes, RGB images corresponding to different heights are obtained, then gray processing is conducted on the images, the RGB images are converted into corresponding gray images, the obtained topographic data gray images are further processed, and a digital elevation data map corresponding to a terrain with extremely high precision is obtained;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain by adopting a sliding type Lagrange interpolation method, combining simple three-dimensional models of towers and wires of the power transmission line, and substituting the simple three-dimensional models of the towers and the wires into the corresponding three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain according to the acquired coordinates of each base tower of the power transmission line and the connecting lines according to the labels, so as to obtain the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line;
and obtaining the specific longitude and latitude coordinates of each section of tower of the power transmission line, and cutting and splicing the obtained digital elevation data map according to the topographic range of the power transmission line according to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the towers and the trend of the power transmission line according to the longitude and latitude information of the towers and the longitude and latitude coordinates of the power transmission line in the target area. And processing and analyzing the elevation data to obtain the attribute of the elevation data of the target area.
The primarily spliced elevation data is raster data, and the data is characterized in that the distance between data of each data point in the longitude and latitude directions is 30m, and a three-dimensional model of an actual terrain cannot be directly established due to overlarge interval between the obtained elevation data, and an interpolation method is needed to fit the terrain model. Using longitude and latitude of topographic geographic data as independent variables and corresponding elevation data as dependent variables, and constructing a functional relation between longitude and latitude coordinates of a point on the terrain and the elevation data, i.e. the functional relation
，
For known geographical elevation data
The elevation value of the point(s) is,
is composed of
The longitude of the point or points of interest,
is composed of
The latitude of the point; then adopt a sliding typeThe Lagrange interpolation method is used for establishing a three-dimensional model of elevation data, namely a three-dimensional model of a terrain of a power transmission line erection site, and ensures that an interpolation point is always positioned in the middle of an interpolation interval, so that a fitting curve is smoother.
The method comprises the steps of drawing a wire model according to actual wire data provided by a power supply department, and then establishing a simple three-dimensional model of a tower according to actual tower parameters of a power transmission line, wherein important parameters required by the tower comprise tower height, cross arm length and A, B, C three-phase hanging point position information, and marking the hanging point position of each phase of wire, so that the initial state of the hanging position of the wire and the wind bias can be accurately restored in the three-dimensional modeling process. And finally, placing the simple three-dimensional model of the tower and the lead of the power transmission line into the three-dimensional model of the terrain of the power transmission line erection site according to the position in the actual terrain, so as to obtain the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line as shown in figure 1.
Step 4, carrying out wind field simulation on the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line by using finite element analysis software to obtain the actual wind speed of the complex micro-terrain;
according to the fact that the flowing flow state of the near-stratum atmosphere to which the power transmission line belongs to turbulence and can be continuously changed on the level of time and space under the influence of terrain, a k-epsilon turbulence model is established, the k-epsilon turbulence model is a simple turbulence model only comprising two semi-empirical equations to describe turbulence, the two equations express the effect of turbulence effect through two parameters of k and epsilon, k is turbulence kinetic energy, epsilon is turbulence dissipation rate, and the two parameters represent the pulse length and the continuous time scale of turbulence; considering that the atmosphere generates certain viscosity problem when flowing, a viscosity formula is added in the turbulence model, namely
Is the main parameter that the reynolds number influences the viscous flow regime. In the formula
、
Respectively the density and kinetic viscosity coefficient of the fluid,
、
the problem of viscosity of atmospheric flow is solved by respectively taking the characteristic speed and the characteristic length of flow, meanwhile, a transmission equation is added to the turbulent dissipation ratio (epsilon) aiming at the tiny speed fluctuation in the fluid, the random fluctuation of the turbulent speed in space is considered, and the turbulent kinetic energy is continuously converted into the transmission relation of the kinetic energy of molecular motion through internal friction under the action of molecular viscous force; introducing the obtained three-dimensional model corresponding to the actual terrain into simulation, taking the three-dimensional model as one side boundary of a calculation domain, setting the three-dimensional model as a solid boundary, defining one side of the calculation domain as an inlet boundary and setting the one side of the calculation domain as a speed inlet, setting the other side of the calculation domain as an outlet boundary, and setting other boundaries as open boundaries; on the basis of a k-epsilon turbulence model, a wall function is adopted to process airflow entering a wall surface, the wall condition of the model, namely the wall function, is set due to the fact that the actual ground condition is rough and uneven and can affect the airflow, and parameters are changed through simulation software
(roughness) and
(roughness height) to correct the wall condition of the model; and obtaining a result of the point simulation calculation by taking a certain point on the simulation result image. For example, FIG. 2 is a finite element wind speed field layout of a three-dimensional model of the transmission line as a whole.
Step 5, learning and training a large number of integral three-dimensional models and simulation results of regional power transmission lines by adopting a support vector machine algorithm, and constructing a support vector machine algorithm model;
the support vector machine algorithm model establishing process comprises the following steps: a large number of three-dimensional models of the whole transmission line and corresponding wind field simulation results are used as a training set to train the algorithm of the support vector machine, the more training data, the higher the accuracy of the algorithm prediction result, and an intelligent prediction model is constructed; taking a part of data as a verification set for evaluating the general error rate of the constructed model, and adjusting the hyper-parameters based on the verification set to obtain a better intelligent prediction model; finally, the three-dimensional model data of the whole new power transmission line is used as a test set, a wind field prediction result is obtained through the established intelligent prediction model, the result is compared with an actual simulation result for analysis, and the accuracy and sensitivity result of the final intelligent prediction model are evaluated; finally, a support vector machine algorithm model meeting the requirements is obtained, and intelligent identification and prediction of the actual wind speed of the elevation data three-dimensional model of the complex microtopography can be achieved.
And 6, carrying out wind field result prediction on the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line of the target terrain through the support vector machine intelligent algorithm model to obtain the actual wind speed of the height where the power transmission line is erected.
After the support vector machine algorithm model is built, the whole three-dimensional model of the power transmission line in the target area is led into the support vector machine algorithm model, the wind field result of the three-dimensional model is intelligently predicted, and the actual wind speed and the wind slope angle of the height where the power transmission line in the target area is erected are obtained.
And 7, substituting the wind speed result into a power transmission line windage yaw calculation formula to obtain a windage yaw result.
And substituting the predicted result into a power transmission line windage yaw calculation formula to calculate a windage yaw result. The formula for calculating the wind slip angle considering the influence of the terrain factors on the wind speed is as follows,
the wind deflection angle calculation formula of the insulator string is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is an insulator string wind deflection angle,
in order to suspend the wind pressure of the insulator string,
in order to suspend the insulator string from gravity,
is the wind load of the wire and is,
in order to realize the self-gravity of the conducting wire,
in order to realize the horizontal span of the tower,
the tower vertical span is provided.
Wherein, the suspension insulator string wind pressure formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
designing height for wiringhThe wind speed of the wind turbine is measured,
the horizontal wind-receiving area of the insulator string,
designing height for wiringhAnd (6) locating a wind slope angle.
The designed wind speed of the line is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a reference wind speed at 10m,
the terrain correction coefficient is obtained, z is a terrain roughness index, and h is a line design height;
the gravity formula of the suspension insulator string:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the mass of the insulator string,
the wind area of the insulator string in the vertical direction is g, and the gravity acceleration is g.
Wire wind load formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the coefficient of the non-uniform wind pressure of the electric wire,
the shape factor of the electric wire is the coefficient of the shape of the electric wire,
the coefficient is adjusted for the wind load,
is the outer diameter of the electric wire,
is electricityLine ice coating thickness (0 without ice coating),
is the wind-force acceleration ratio and is,
is the included angle between the wind direction and the axial direction of the electric wire.
The dead weight calculation formula of the lead is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to not consider the self-gravity of the terrain factor wire,
is the wind area of the unit length of the wire in the vertical direction.
The wire wind deflection angle calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the wind deflection angle of the conducting wire is set,
the weight of the lead is the specific load,
the wind load ratio of the wire is.
The foregoing description is of the preferred embodiment of the invention only, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, so that any person skilled in the art, having the benefit of the foregoing disclosure, may modify or modify the invention to practice equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A complex micro-terrain identification and power transmission line windage yaw calculation method based on elevation images is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring an elevation image of a power transmission line erection site terrain, longitude and latitude coordinates of a pole tower, a model of the pole tower and local meteorological data;
step 2, collecting geographical data of the power transmission line erection site area by using a global digital elevation model, and processing to obtain a digital elevation data map: the method comprises the steps that a global digital elevation model is used for collecting, processing and analyzing geographic data of an area where a power transmission line is located, a topographic data map of the area where the power transmission line is located is derived, an initial topographic image is intercepted according to different altitudes, RGB images corresponding to different heights are obtained, then gray processing is conducted on the images, the RGB images are converted into corresponding gray images, the obtained topographic data gray images are further processed, and a digital elevation data map corresponding to a terrain with extremely high precision is obtained;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain by adopting a sliding type Lagrange interpolation method, combining the simple three-dimensional models of towers and wires of the power transmission line, and substituting the coordinates of each base tower of the power transmission line and the connecting lines according to the labels of the base towers into the corresponding three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain according to the collected simple three-dimensional models of the towers and the wires to obtain the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line;
step 4, carrying out wind field simulation on the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line by using finite element analysis software to obtain the actual wind speed of the complex micro-terrain;
step 5, learning and training a large number of integral three-dimensional models and simulation results of regional power transmission lines by adopting a support vector machine algorithm, and constructing a support vector machine algorithm model;
step 6, carrying out wind field result prediction on the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line of the target terrain through the support vector machine intelligent algorithm model to obtain the actual wind speed of the height where the power transmission line is erected;
and 7, substituting the wind speed result into a power transmission line windage yaw calculation formula to obtain a windage yaw result.
2. The method for identifying complex microtopography and calculating windage yaw of a power transmission line based on an elevation image according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 3 is as follows: cutting the acquired digital elevation data map according to the latitude and longitude coordinates of the transmission tower in the target area and the topographic range of the transmission line, wherein the data type of the digital elevation data is grid data, and the distance between data of each data point in the longitude and latitude directions is 30 m; because the interval between the obtained elevation data is too large, fitting processing needs to be carried out on the obtained elevation data, longitude and latitude of topographic geographic data are used as independent variables, corresponding elevation data are used as dependent variables, and a functional relation between longitude and latitude coordinates of a point on the topography and the elevation data is constructed; then, establishing a three-dimensional model of the power transmission line erection site terrain by adopting a sliding Lagrange interpolation method; drawing a wire model according to actual wire data provided by a power supply department, and then establishing a simple three-dimensional model of a tower according to actual tower parameters of a power transmission line, wherein important parameters required by the tower comprise tower height, cross arm length and A, B, C three-phase hanging point position information; and finally, placing the simple three-dimensional model of the tower and the lead of the power transmission line into the three-dimensional model of the terrain of the power transmission line erection site according to the position in the actual terrain, so as to obtain the integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line.
3. The method for identifying complex microtopography and calculating windage yaw of a power transmission line based on an elevation image according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 4 is as follows: establishing a k-epsilon turbulence model, introducing the obtained three-dimensional model of the whole power transmission line corresponding to the actual terrain into the k-epsilon turbulence model, taking the three-dimensional model as a boundary at one side of a calculation domain, setting the boundary as a solid boundary, defining one side of the calculation domain as an inlet boundary and setting the boundary as a speed inlet, setting the other side of the calculation domain as an outlet boundary, and setting other boundaries as open boundaries; on the basis of the k-epsilon turbulence model, a wall function is adopted to process airflow entering the wall surface; and obtaining a result of the point simulation calculation by taking a certain point on the simulation result image through the point.
4. The method for identifying complex microtopography and calculating windage yaw of a power transmission line based on an elevation image according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the support vector machine algorithm model establishing process is as follows: training a support vector machine algorithm by using a large number of integrated three-dimensional models of the power transmission line and corresponding wind field simulation results thereof as a training set to construct an intelligent prediction model; taking a part of data as a verification set for evaluating the general error rate of the constructed model, and adjusting the hyper-parameters based on the verification set to obtain a better intelligent prediction model; finally, the three-dimensional model data of the whole new power transmission line is used as a test set, a wind field prediction result is obtained through the established intelligent prediction model, the result is compared with an actual simulation result for analysis, and the accuracy and sensitivity result of the final intelligent prediction model are evaluated; and finally obtaining the support vector machine algorithm model meeting the requirements.
5. The method for identifying complex microtopography and calculating the windage yaw of the power transmission line based on the elevation image according to claim 1, wherein after a support vector machine algorithm model is constructed, an integral three-dimensional model of the power transmission line in a target area is led into the support vector machine algorithm model to intelligently predict a wind field result of the three-dimensional model, and an actual wind speed and a wind slope angle of the height at which the power transmission line in the target area is erected are obtained.
6. The method for identifying complex microtopography and calculating wind deflection of power transmission line based on elevation images as claimed in claim 1, wherein a wind deflection angle calculation formula considering the influence of terrain factors on wind speed is as follows:
the wind deflection angle calculation formula of the insulator string is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is an insulator string wind deflection angle,
in order to suspend the wind pressure of the insulator string,
in order to suspend the insulator string from gravity,
is the wind load of the wire and is,
in order to realize the self-gravity of the conducting wire,
in order to realize the horizontal span of the tower,
vertical span of the tower;
wherein, the suspension insulator string wind pressure formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
designing height for wiringhThe wind speed of the wind turbine is measured,
for horizontal string of insulatorsThe area of the wind is covered by the wind,
designing height for wiringhA wind slope angle is formed;
the designed wind speed of the line is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a reference wind speed at 10m,
the terrain correction coefficient is obtained, z is a terrain roughness index, and h is a line design height;
the gravity formula of the suspension insulator string:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the mass of the insulator string,
the wind area of the insulator chain in the vertical direction is g, and the gravity acceleration is g;
wire wind load formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is electricityThe non-uniform coefficient of linear wind pressure,
the shape factor of the electric wire is the coefficient of the shape of the electric wire,
the coefficient is adjusted for the wind load,
is the outer diameter of the electric wire,
the thickness of the ice coating is the thickness of the wire,
is the wind-force acceleration ratio and is,
is an included angle between the wind direction and the axial direction of the electric wire;
the dead weight calculation formula of the lead is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to not consider the self-gravity of the terrain factor wire,
the wind area of the lead with unit length in the vertical direction is defined;
the wire wind deflection angle calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the wind deflection angle of the conducting wire is set,
the weight of the lead is the specific load,
the wind load ratio of the wire is.
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