CN113820026A - Thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and measuring method - Google Patents
Thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and measuring method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113820026A CN113820026A CN202111202914.2A CN202111202914A CN113820026A CN 113820026 A CN113820026 A CN 113820026A CN 202111202914 A CN202111202914 A CN 202111202914A CN 113820026 A CN113820026 A CN 113820026A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- thermocouple
- potential
- copper
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002520 CoCu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/50—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring linear speed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/08—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring variation of an electric variable directly affected by the flow, e.g. by using dynamo-electric effect
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
A thermocouple combined type speed potential probe is characterized in that an integral protective shell of a probe is made of brass, an insulating layer is coated on the surface of the integral protective shell, a front-end protective shell of the probe is a potential measuring part and comprises four copper probes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a T-shaped thermocouple arranged in the center of probe points of the four copper probes, and all the copper probes and the T-shaped thermocouple exceed the front-end protective shell of the probe by 10-20 mm; the combined welding thermocouple and the speed measuring probe have unified measuring signals, can simultaneously obtain the temperature and the speed of any local part of the liquid metal only by measuring the voltage, are in direct contact with the liquid metal, and have quicker response and higher precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal measurement, in particular to a thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and a measurement method.
Background
The liquid metal flow phenomenon can be understood as the combination of electromagnetism and fluid dynamics, and the liquid metal flow phenomenon contains abundant fundamental research significance. In the cladding structure of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device, the flow problem of the metal fluid in the magnetic field is a great research direction, and in addition, in some industrial processes, such as metal smelting processes, the flow control of the metal fluid needs to be realized by utilizing an external magnetic field. How to realize accurate measurement on the flow field characteristics of the metal fluid under the condition of high-temperature and strong magnetic fields is always a serious challenge, and because the metal fluid has the characteristics of light impermeability, easy oxidation, high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity and the like, the direct measurement on the flow speed becomes more difficult, and meanwhile, because more turbulent heat flux information is needed by applying a semi-empirical turbulence model in the liquid metal flow, the measurement on any local temperature of the liquid metal is also crucial.
The direct contact measurement method for measuring the internal flow field characteristics of the liquid metal flow under the condition of the magnetic field comprises the following steps: direct contact measurement method: (1) potential probe method. The local velocity of the flow field is obtained by measuring the potential difference perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fluid in a constant magnetic field through immersing the probe in the liquid metal and keeping good electrical contact with the fluid. The method has the advantages that the time resolution is high, the probe and the space can be designed to be very small so as to improve the space measurement precision, and the method is conveniently designed into a wall matrix array so as to obtain rich transient flow field information; (2) resistance probe method. The principle is that the resistance measured when the liquid phase passes through the probe region drops significantly, while the resistance rises sharply when the gas phase passes. The method is commonly used for measuring the two-phase flow of the liquid metal, and the electrical contact performance of the probe and the liquid must be carefully regulated; (3) hot wire velocimeter technology. The method is consistent with the principle of the traditional hot wire anemometer, and the temperature of the method is linearly related to the flow velocity of peripheral liquid based on the heat exchange between a resistance wire and a flow field in a heating state; (4) precision optical-mechanical methods. The method is based on the mechanical force of a fluid on an immersed microprobe. However, the mounting accuracy is highly required. The most direct and effective method for measuring the speed and the vorticity of any local part in the metal fluid under the strong magnetic field is a potential probe method.
Each single body of the existing 4-pole immersion type speed potential probe comprises a plurality of copper wires with insulating layers, the diameter of each copper wire is 0.1-0.5mm, the copper wires penetrate through and are fixed in a hollow copper tube body or a stainless steel tube body, the diameter of each copper wire is 2-5mm, the copper wires exceed the tube body by 10-30mm, the surface of the tube body is covered with one insulating layer, the probe is guaranteed not to be in electric contact with liquid after being immersed, only the tips of the copper wires are in electric contact with the liquid metal, the place where each copper wire is in contact with the liquid metal is called an electrode, and the distance between the two electrodes in the same direction is generally 2-5 mm. The 4-pole immersion type speed potential probe can only work in a flow field with uniform temperature, and the 4 copper electrodes cannot measure local temperature difference potential due to the fact that materials are the same, so that the local temperature cannot be obtained, and only the local speed in fluid with uniform temperature can be measured.
If the speed is to be measured, the potential signals between the electrodes need to be measured, the corresponding potential difference is related to the flow speed, the local speed distribution of the flow field is directly obtained, and the applied magnetic field is
At a speed of
Current density
According to ohm's law, the horizontal velocity u and the vertical velocity w are respectively:
the measuring method only realizes the measurement of the speed and the vorticity of any local part in the liquid metal, and does not provide a measuring method aiming at the temperature of any local part in the liquid metal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and a measuring method, wherein a thermocouple and a speed measuring probe are combined and welded, measuring signals are unified, the temperature and the speed of any local part of liquid metal can be obtained simultaneously only by measuring voltage, and the thermocouple combined type speed potential probe is in direct contact with the liquid metal, has quick response and high precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a thermocouple combined type speed potential probe is characterized in that an integral protective shell of a probe is made of brass, an insulating layer is coated on the surface of the integral protective shell, a protective shell 6 at the front end of the probe is a part for measuring potential and comprises four copper probes 1, 2, 3 and 4 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a T-shaped thermocouple 5 which is arranged at the center of a probe point of the four copper probes; all copper probes and T-type thermocouples 5 are extended by 610-20 mm from the front end of the probe.
The diameter of each copper probe is 0.1-0.3mm, the diameter of the thermocouple is 0.5mm, wherein the first copper probe 1 and the fourth copper probe 4 have no distance in the horizontal direction, and the distance in the vertical direction is 1.8-2.8 mm; the distance between the second copper probe 2 and the third copper probe 3 in the horizontal direction is 1.8-2.8 mm.
The thermocouple combined type speed potential probe based measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) and measuring the speed: potential signals are obtained through measurement of four copper probes, a relation is established between the potential signals and flow velocity, and local velocity distribution of a flow field is obtained based on ohm's law:
wherein
For current density, σ is the liquid metal conductivity,
the voltage signal is measured as a potential difference,
in order to be the flow rate of the gas,
for the intensity of the applied magnetic field, the applied magnetic field is assumed
At a speed of
Current density
When the magnetic field strength is large, the current density of the main flow region is extremely small, i.e., jx≈0，jzAnd 0, measuring the potential gradient in each direction in a vertical magnetic field plane at a specific position in the main flow area by the probe, and converting to obtain two velocity components of the position in the plane, namely a main flow velocity u and a velocity w along the z axis:
wherein B is0In order to homogenize the magnetic field strength,
a voltage signal measured for the probe;
(2) and temperature measurement: the local thermoelectric potential is directly measured by the T-shaped thermocouple 5 in the probe, and for a single welding thermocouple, because two electrodes of the T-shaped thermocouple 5 are welded without distance, the flowing potential in the liquid metal can not influence the T-shaped thermocouple, and the potential loop of the thermocouple can obtain the thermoelectric potential:
ECoCu(T1，T0)＝ECoCu(T1)+ECu(T1，T0)+ECoCu(T0)+ECo(T1，T0)
ECoCu(T1，T0) I.e. measuring the resulting voltage, according to calibrated thermocouplesThe coefficient is converted to obtain the temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that,
1. the T-shaped thermocouple 5 is added on the whole probe, so that the temperature can be measured, the synchronous and unified measurement of the temperature and the speed is realized, and only voltage measurement is needed.
2. The monomer immersion probe for measuring the speed and the temperature in the conductive fluid under the condition of a strong magnetic field has the advantages that the surfaces of the front end protective shell and the rear end protective shell of the probe are coated with insulating layers, so that the probe is ensured not to be in electric contact with liquid after being immersed, and only the probe tip is kept in electric contact with liquid metal.
3. The invention is suitable for the synchronous measurement of the local speed and the temperature in the opaque metal fluid under the condition of a strong magnetic field, and compared with the prior art, the invention increases the independent temperature measurement function of the welding thermocouple, and the advantage of using the independent welding thermocouple is that the local temperature and the speed can be obtained by measuring the voltage, meanwhile, the temperature difference potential and the speed potential are not influenced mutually, and the coupling effect of the two potentials is not required to be considered, so that the temperature and the speed obtained by measurement are more accurate and reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal flat cable of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a thermocouple-combined velocity potential probe, the integral protective shell of the probe is made of brass, the surface of the integral protective shell is coated with an insulating layer, a front end protective shell 6 of the probe is a potential measuring part and comprises four copper probes 1, 2, 3 and 4 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a T-shaped thermocouple 5 which is arranged in the center of the probe points of the four copper probes, and all the copper probes and the T-shaped thermocouple 5 exceed the front end protective shell 6 of the probe by about 10-20 mm.
The diameter of the shell of the protective shell 7 at the rear end of the probe is 3mm, the diameter of each copper probe is 0.1-0.3mm, the diameter of the thermocouple is 0.5mm, the first copper probe 1 and the fourth copper probe 4 have no distance in the horizontal direction, and the distance in the vertical direction is 1.8-2.8 mm; the distance between the second copper probe 2 and the third copper probe 3 in the horizontal direction is 1.8-2.8mm, the T-shaped thermocouple 5 measures the fluctuation of the temperature at the fixed position, the 4 copper probes can measure accurate flow speed, and the T-shaped thermocouple 5 arranged in the middle measures the fluctuation of the temperature at the fixed position.
The thermocouple combined type speed potential probe based measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) and measuring the speed: potential signals are obtained through measurement of four copper probes, a relation is established between the potential signals and flow velocity, and local velocity distribution of a flow field is obtained based on ohm's law:
wherein
For current density, σ is the liquid metal conductivity,
the voltage signal is measured as a potential difference,
in order to be the flow rate of the gas,
is the external magnetic field intensity. Referring to FIG. 2, assume an applied magnetic field
At a speed of
Current density
When the magnetic field strength is large, the current density of the main flow region is extremely small, i.e., jx≈0，jz0, then measuring the edge at a specific position in the main flow region by a probeThe potential gradient in each direction in the vertical magnetic field plane is converted to obtain two velocity components of the position in the plane, namely a main flow velocity u and a velocity w along the z-axis:
wherein B is0In order to homogenize the magnetic field strength,
is the voltage signal measured by the probe.
(2) And temperature measurement: the local thermoelectric potential is directly measured by the T-shaped thermocouple 5 in the probe, and for a single welding thermocouple, because two electrodes of the T-shaped thermocouple 5 are welded without distance, the flowing potential in the liquid metal can not influence the T-shaped thermocouple, and the potential loop of the thermocouple can obtain the thermoelectric potential:
ECoCu(T1，T0)＝ECoCu(T1)+ECu(T1，T0)+ECoCu(T0)+ECo(T1，T0)
ECoCu(T1，T0) Namely, the measured voltage is converted to obtain the temperature according to the calibrated thermocouple coefficient.
Claims (4)
1. A thermocouple combined type speed potential probe is characterized in that an integral protective shell of a probe is made of brass, an insulating layer is coated on the surface of the integral protective shell, a front end protective shell (6) of the probe is a potential measuring part and comprises four copper probes (1, 2, 3 and 4) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a T-shaped thermocouple (5) which is arranged in the center of a probe point of the four copper probes, and all the copper probes and the T-shaped thermocouple (5) exceed the front end protective shell (6) of the probe by 10-20 mm.
2. The thermocouple combination type speed potential probe according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of each copper probe is 0.1-0.3mm, the diameter of the thermocouple is 0.5mm, the first copper probe (1) and the fourth copper probe (4) have no distance in the horizontal direction, and the distance in the vertical direction is 1.8-2.8 mm; the distance between the second copper probe (2) and the third copper probe (3) in the horizontal direction is 1.8-2.8 mm.
3. A method of measuring a thermocouple combination type velocity potential probe according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
potential signals are obtained through measurement of four copper probes, a relation is established between the potential signals and flow velocity, and local velocity distribution of a flow field is obtained based on ohm's law:
wherein
For current density, σ is the liquid metal conductivity,
the voltage signal is measured as a potential difference,
in order to be the flow rate of the gas,
for the intensity of the applied magnetic field, the applied magnetic field is assumed
At a speed of
Current density
When the magnetic field intensity is large, the current density pole of the main flow areaSmall, i.e. jx≈0，jzAnd 0, measuring the potential gradient in each direction in a vertical magnetic field plane at a specific position in the main flow area by the probe, and converting to obtain two velocity components of the position in the plane, namely a main flow velocity u and a velocity w along the z axis:
wherein B is0In order to homogenize the magnetic field strength,
is the voltage signal measured by the probe.
4. A method of measuring a thermocouple combination velocity potential probe according to any one of claims 1 to 2, including temperature measurement:
the local temperature difference potential is directly measured by a T-shaped thermocouple (5) in the probe, and for a single welding thermocouple, because two electrodes of the T-shaped thermocouple (5) are welded without distance, the flowing potential in the liquid metal can not influence the T-shaped thermocouple, and the potential loop of the thermocouple obtains the temperature difference potential:
ECoCu(T1，T0)＝ECoCu(T1)+ECu(T1，T0)+ECoCu(T0)+ECo(T1，T0)
ECoCu(T1，T0) Namely, the measured voltage is converted to obtain the temperature according to the calibrated thermocouple coefficient.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111202914.2A CN113820026A (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and measuring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111202914.2A CN113820026A (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and measuring method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113820026A true CN113820026A (en) | 2021-12-21 |
Family
ID=78920605
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111202914.2A Pending CN113820026A (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and measuring method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113820026A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117367505A (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-01-09 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring internal structural parameters of liquid metal |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101413911A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2009-04-22 | 上海交通大学 | Method and device for measuring two-phase flow parameter based on double-end capacitance probe |
| CN205537750U (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-08-31 | 华北电力大学 | Measurement system based on four -head electric conductance fuses thermocouple probe |
| CN106840271A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of measurement fluid stagnation pressure, the combination dynamic probe of speed with temperature adjustmemt |
| CN106840270A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of hot wire probe with temperature adjustmemt |
| CN106840435A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-06-13 | 上海交通大学 | Transient temperature and heat flow density translocation sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN110794164A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院大学 | System and method for measuring high space-time precision of liquid metal velocity field under strong magnetic field |
| CN112665821A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for measuring speed and vorticity in conductive fluid under strong magnetic field condition |
-
2021
- 2021-10-15 CN CN202111202914.2A patent/CN113820026A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101413911A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2009-04-22 | 上海交通大学 | Method and device for measuring two-phase flow parameter based on double-end capacitance probe |
| CN205537750U (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-08-31 | 华北电力大学 | Measurement system based on four -head electric conductance fuses thermocouple probe |
| CN106840435A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-06-13 | 上海交通大学 | Transient temperature and heat flow density translocation sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN106840271A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of measurement fluid stagnation pressure, the combination dynamic probe of speed with temperature adjustmemt |
| CN106840270A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of hot wire probe with temperature adjustmemt |
| CN110794164A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院大学 | System and method for measuring high space-time precision of liquid metal velocity field under strong magnetic field |
| CN112665821A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for measuring speed and vorticity in conductive fluid under strong magnetic field condition |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117367505A (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-01-09 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring internal structural parameters of liquid metal |
| CN117367505B (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-06-07 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring internal structural parameters of liquid metal |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112665821B (en) | Device and method for measuring speed and vorticity in conductive fluid under strong magnetic field condition | |
| US2870305A (en) | Constructions for anemometers of the hot wire type | |
| CN110794164A (en) | System and method for measuring high space-time precision of liquid metal velocity field under strong magnetic field | |
| CN114088228A (en) | Device and method for measuring velocity field and temperature field of metal fluid under strong magnetic field condition | |
| US3592055A (en) | Directional sensor | |
| US5390548A (en) | Electrode array electromagnetic velocimeter | |
| CN113820026A (en) | Thermocouple combined type speed potential probe and measuring method | |
| CN101769935B (en) | One-dimensional nanometer material based hot-wire flow velocity transducer and testing system | |
| CN102589739B (en) | Multi-purpose thermocouple microelectrode and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN111982960A (en) | High-temperature-resistant heat probe device for online measurement of heat conductivity coefficient based on hot wire method | |
| US3995480A (en) | Thermal sensor for measurement of ocean current direction | |
| CN111879443A (en) | Tool for measuring density of gas-liquid two-phase heat flow in rocket engine | |
| CN211348305U (en) | High space-time precision measuring device for liquid metal velocity field under strong magnetic field | |
| CN112083185B (en) | Liquid metal flow velocity measurement experiment system on surface of liquid metal pump blade | |
| KR20110102457A (en) | Anemometer probe having one or more wires and its method of production | |
| Nakoryakov et al. | Electrochemical method for measuring turbulent characteristics of gas-liquid flows | |
| CN106199355B (en) | Electrostatic probe differential measurement method | |
| JPH05264207A (en) | Measuring instrument for thickness of liquid film | |
| CN113884136B (en) | Separated temperature and speed coupled potential probe and preparation and measurement method thereof | |
| CN103308205B (en) | A kind of measuring method of resistance temperature measurement calorimeter | |
| Bühler et al. | Development of combined temperature–electric potential sensors | |
| Prasad et al. | Analysis and calibration of a foil heat flux sensor for convective measurements | |
| CN114877958B (en) | Liquid metal electromagnetic flowmeter based on magnetic freezing effect and measuring method thereof | |
| Pyatnitskaya et al. | A technique of hydrodynamics and heat transfer research during the flow of liquid metals in channels of various forms | |
| CN114660513B (en) | Magnetic field characteristic measuring device of high-power magnetic plasma thruster |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20211221 |