CN113817889A - Low-cost smelting method of top-bottom combined blown converter - Google Patents
Low-cost smelting method of top-bottom combined blown converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113817889A CN113817889A CN202111043812.0A CN202111043812A CN113817889A CN 113817889 A CN113817889 A CN 113817889A CN 202111043812 A CN202111043812 A CN 202111043812A CN 113817889 A CN113817889 A CN 113817889A
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000016253 exhaustion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost smelting method of a top-bottom combined blown converter, which relates to the technical field of steel production and comprises the following steps: s1, not desulfurizing when the content of the steel grade finished product S is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, and charging into a furnace after slagging off of molten iron; when the finished product S of the steel grade is less than 0.015 percent, adopting magnesium-aluminum to add fluidized lime for desulfurization, and slagging off and putting into a furnace after molten iron desulfurization; s2, putting molten iron and scrap steel into a furnace, blowing the molten iron and the scrap steel into a gun, slagging by adopting active lime and magnesium balls, blowing for 10min without adding other auxiliary materials in the smelting process, observing the flame intensity, and measuring by using a sublance to ensure that the temperature is 1580-1620 ℃ and the carbon content is 0.15-0.50%; and S3, measuring the temperature by using a sublance, after the temperature measurement of the sublance is finished, judging that the smelting end point temperature meets the requirements of a back-lifting lance, carrying out tapping operation when the components and the temperature meet the steel grade requirements, carrying out slag splashing and slag pouring operation after tapping, shaking the converter to 145-155 ℃ during slag pouring, and ensuring that 2-3 tons of slag are left in the converter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel production, in particular to a low-cost smelting method of a top-bottom combined blown converter.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the steel industry is rapidly developed, the steel yield in China occupies half of the steel yield in the world until 2020, the rapid development of the steel yield causes the rapid increase of the usage amount of iron ore, and the domestic high-quality iron ore is basically in the exhaustion stage in the last century of mining. At present, most of iron ore sources in the steel smelting process of China are imported from places such as Australia, Brazil and the like, and the prices of subway ores such as Australia, Brazil and the like are increased greatly along with the deterioration of economic environment, so that the smelting cost is not increased, the proportion of molten iron is reduced, an efficient smelting technology is realized, and great benefit is brought to the reduction of the production and manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a low-cost smelting method of a top-bottom combined blown converter, which comprises the following steps:
s1, not desulfurizing when the content of the steel grade finished product S is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, and charging into a furnace after slagging off of molten iron; when the finished product S of the steel grade is less than 0.015 percent, adopting magnesium-aluminum to add fluidized lime for desulfurization, and slagging off and putting into a furnace after molten iron desulfurization;
s2, putting molten iron and scrap steel into a furnace, blowing the molten iron and the scrap steel into a gun, slagging by adopting active lime and magnesium balls, blowing for 10min without adding other auxiliary materials in the smelting process, observing the flame intensity, and measuring by using a sublance to ensure that the temperature is 1580-1620 ℃ and the carbon content is 0.15-0.50%;
and S3, measuring the temperature by using a sublance, after the temperature measurement of the sublance is finished, judging that the smelting end point temperature meets the requirements of a back-lifting lance, carrying out tapping operation when the components and the temperature meet the steel grade requirements, carrying out slag splashing and slag pouring operation after tapping, shaking the converter to 145-155 ℃ during slag pouring, and ensuring that 2-3 tons of slag are left in the converter.
The technical effects are as follows: according to the invention, the use proportion of the scrap steel is increased, the quality of lime with less influence on cost is improved, no cold charge is added in the process, and the use amount of raw and auxiliary materials is reduced to the maximum extent, so that the smelting effect is improved, the purpose of reducing the use amount of molten iron is achieved, and the smelting cost is greatly reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is further defined as follows:
the low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 4.50% -5.20%, Si: 0.30-0.60%, Mn: 0.30% -0.50%, P: 0.10-0.15 percent of the total weight of the alloy, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S and the balance of Fe and impurities.
The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter has the molten iron temperature of 1250-1400 ℃.
According to the low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter, under the condition that the rated turning amount of the top-bottom combined blown converter is 175 tons, the charging amount of molten iron is 120-130 tons, and the charging amount of scrap steel is 45-55 tons.
According to the low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter, when the rated loading capacity of the converter is not 175 tons, molten iron and scrap steel are charged and smelted according to the proportion of 2.2-2.9.
The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter comprises the step S2 of enabling the distance between a lance position and a liquid level to be 1.4-1.6 m at the early stage of smelting and enabling the oxygen supply flow to be 33000m3H; after the blowing time is 4-5 min, the distance between the gun position and the liquid level is 1.8-2.2 m, and the oxygen supply flow is 29000m3/h～31000m3/h。
The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter comprises the step S2, wherein the bottom stirring flow is 280-300 m3/h。
The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter comprises the step S2, wherein the activity degree of active lime for converter smelting is more than or equal to 96%, and the lime does not contain impurities and is easy to dissolve and form slag.
The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter comprises the step S4, wherein the distance between a gun position and a liquid level is 1.3-1.5 m, and the oxygen supply flow is 33000m3The flow rate of bottom stirring is 330-350 m3/h。
According to the low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter, the carbon temperature is adjusted according to the temperature measured by the sublance, and when the temperature is high, the ore is added for adjusting the temperature; when the temperature is low, the temperature is raised by over-blowing or adding ferrosilicon through a bin.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention makes up the defect of huge price fluctuation of iron ore by reducing the proportion of molten iron, increases the proportion of scrap steel with lower cost, effectively reduces the manufacturing cost and improves the enterprise benefit;
(2) the invention adopts the magnesium-aluminum system for desulfurization, can reduce the temperature drop caused by desulfurization and ensure the stability of the heat energy of the molten iron;
(3) according to the invention, the amount of the converter slag can be increased through a small amount of remaining slag, the purpose of covering a molten pool is achieved, the effect of sufficient reaction medium is ensured, the initial melting and quick melting of the furnace slag can be promoted, the reaction efficiency of the converter is improved, light-burned dolomite is not used, the temperature drop is reduced, and lime and magnesium balls with high activity are used, so that the components of the slag are not influenced, the melting speed is high, the slag formation is early, the chemical reaction of smelting is facilitated, the heat loss is reduced to the greatest extent, the furnace slag is well melted, the reaction is uniform, the smelting effect without a cooling material in the process is realized, and the leap of converter smelting is realized;
(4) according to the invention, the change of the oxygen supply flow and the change of the operating gun position in the process improve the slag melting capacity in the smelting process, improve the defect of insufficient cold charge and improve the smelting effect in the process;
(5) the improvement of the bottom stirring application mode improves the dynamic condition of the smelting process and improves the reaction efficiency.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter provided by the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 4.80%, Si: 0.51%, Mn: 0.42%, P: 0.116%, S: 0.0030% and the balance of Fe and impurities. The temperature of molten iron is 1336, the steel seed ship plate B is smelted, and the requirement of finished product sulfur is less than or equal to 0.020%.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the steel grade finished product S to be less than or equal to 0.020%, not performing desulphurization, and feeding molten iron into a furnace after slagging off;
s2, under the condition that the rated turning amount of the top-bottom combined blown converter is 175 tons, the charging amount of molten iron is 126 tons, and the charging amount of scrap steel is 49 tons;
s3, putting molten iron and scrap steel into a furnace, blowing the molten iron and the scrap steel into a gun, and slagging by adopting active lime and magnesium balls, wherein the activity degree of the active lime is more than or equal to 96 percent, and the lime does not contain impurities and is easy to dissolve and form slag; no other auxiliary materials are added in the smelting process, the distance between the gun position and the liquid level is 1.5m in the early stage of smelting, and the oxygen supply flow is 33000m3H; after the blowing time is 4.5min, the distance between a gun position and the liquid level is 1.8-2.2 m, and the oxygen supply flow is 29000m3H; blowing for 10min, observing the flame intensity, performing sublance measurement, and ensuring the temperature of 1610 ℃ and the carbon content of 0.30 percent; the bottom stirring flow rate is 290m3/h；
S4, adjusting the carbon temperature according to the temperature measured by the sublance, and adding ore for adjusting the temperature when the temperature is high; when the temperature is low, the temperature is raised by over-blowing or adding ferrosilicon through a bin;
the temperature is measured by using a sublance, the distance between a lance position and the liquid level is 1.4m, and the oxygen supply flow is 33000m3Flow/h, bottom stirring rate 340m3H; after the temperature measurement of the sublance is finished, judging that the smelting end point temperature meets the requirements of a back lance, carrying out tapping operation when the components and the temperature meet the steel grade requirements, carrying out slag splashing and slag pouring operation after tapping, rocking the converter to 151 ℃ during slag pouring, and ensuring that 3 tons of slag are left in the converter.
Example 2
The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter provided by the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 4, 60%, Si: 0.39%, Mn: 0.43%, P: 0.11%, S: 0.0040% and the balance of Fe and impurities. The temperature of molten iron is 1292, the smelting steel seed ship plate EN, and the requirement of finished product sulfur is less than or equal to 0.005 percent.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the steel grade finished product S to be less than or equal to 0.005%, desulfurizing by adding magnesium-aluminum and fluidized lime, and slagging off and putting into a furnace after desulfurizing molten iron;
s2, under the condition that the rated turning amount of the top-bottom combined blown converter is 175 tons, the charging amount of molten iron is 129 tons, and the charging amount of scrap steel is 46 tons;
s3, putting molten iron and scrap steel into a furnace, blowing the molten iron and the scrap steel into a gun, and slagging by adopting active lime and magnesium balls, wherein the activity degree of the active lime is more than or equal to 96 percent, and the lime does not contain impurities and is easy to dissolve and form slag; no other auxiliary materials are added in the smelting process, the distance between the gun position and the liquid level is 1.45m in the early stage of smelting, and the oxygen supply flow is 33000m3H; after the blowing time is 4.3min, the distance between a gun position and the liquid level is 1.8-2.2 m, and the oxygen supply flow is 30000m3H; blowing for 10min, observing the flame intensity, performing sublance measurement, and ensuring the temperature of 1586 ℃ and the carbon content of 0.43 percent; the bottom stirring flow is 300m3/h；
S4, adjusting the carbon temperature according to the temperature measured by the sublance, and adding ore for adjusting the temperature when the temperature is high; when the temperature is low, the temperature is raised by over-blowing or adding ferrosilicon through a bin;
the temperature is measured by using a sublance, the distance between a lance position and the liquid level is 1.4m, and the oxygen supply flow is 33000m3Flow rate of bottom stirring of 350m3H; after the temperature measurement of the sublance is finished, judging that the smelting end point temperature meets the requirements of a back lance, carrying out tapping operation when the components and the temperature meet the steel grade requirements, carrying out slag splashing and slag pouring operation after tapping, rocking the converter to 151 ℃ during slag pouring, and ensuring that 3 tons of slag are left in the converter.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-cost smelting method of a top-bottom combined blown converter is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, not desulfurizing when the content of the steel grade finished product S is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, and charging into a furnace after slagging off of molten iron; when the finished product S of the steel grade is less than 0.015 percent, adopting magnesium-aluminum to add fluidized lime for desulfurization, and slagging off and putting into a furnace after molten iron desulfurization;
s2, putting molten iron and scrap steel into a furnace, blowing the molten iron and the scrap steel into a gun, slagging by adopting active lime and magnesium balls, blowing for 10min without adding other auxiliary materials in the smelting process, observing the flame intensity, and measuring by using a sublance to ensure that the temperature is 1580-1620 ℃ and the carbon content is 0.15-0.50%;
and S3, measuring the temperature by using a sublance, after the temperature measurement of the sublance is finished, judging that the smelting end point temperature meets the requirements of a back-lifting lance, carrying out tapping operation when the components and the temperature meet the steel grade requirements, carrying out slag splashing and slag pouring operation after tapping, shaking the converter to 145-155 ℃ during slag pouring, and ensuring that 2-3 tons of slag are left in the converter.
2. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 4.50% -5.20%, Si: 0.30-0.60%, Mn: 0.30% -0.50%, P: 0.10-0.15 percent of the total weight of the alloy, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S and the balance of Fe and impurities.
3. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature of the molten iron is 1250-1400 ℃.
4. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: under the condition that the rated turning amount of the top-bottom combined blown converter is 175 tons, the charging amount of molten iron is 120-130 tons, and the charging amount of scrap steel is 45-55 tons.
5. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: when the rated loading capacity of the converter is not 175 tons, the molten iron and the scrap steel are charged and smelted according to the proportion of 2.2-2.9.
6. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S2, the distance between the lance position and the liquid level at the early stage of smelting is 1.4-1.6 m, and the oxygen supply flow is 33000m3H; after the blowing time is 4-5 min, the distance between the gun position and the liquid level is 1.8-2.2 m, and the oxygen supply flow is 29000m3/h～31000m3/h。
7. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S2, the bottom stirring flow rate is 280-300 m3/h。
8. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S2, the activity degree of the active lime for converter smelting is more than or equal to 96%, and the lime does not contain impurities and is easy to dissolve and slag.
9. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S3, the distance between the gun position and the liquid level is 1.3-1.5 m, and the oxygen supply flow is 33000m3The flow rate of bottom stirring is 330-350 m3/h。
10. The low-cost smelting method of the top-bottom combined blown converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: adjusting the carbon temperature according to the temperature measured by the sublance, and adding ore for adjusting the temperature when the temperature is high; when the temperature is low, the temperature is raised by over-blowing or adding ferrosilicon through a bin.
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| CN202111043812.0A CN113817889A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Low-cost smelting method of top-bottom combined blown converter |
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| CN202111043812.0A CN113817889A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Low-cost smelting method of top-bottom combined blown converter |
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2021
- 2021-09-07 CN CN202111043812.0A patent/CN113817889A/en active Pending
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