CN113817300A - Degradable plastic flowerpot and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable plastic flowerpot and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113817300A CN113817300A CN202110959502.7A CN202110959502A CN113817300A CN 113817300 A CN113817300 A CN 113817300A CN 202110959502 A CN202110959502 A CN 202110959502A CN 113817300 A CN113817300 A CN 113817300A
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- plant fiber
- plastic flowerpot
- fiber powder
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- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethyl citrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)OCC DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- UMHKOAYRTRADAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [hydroxy(octoxy)phosphoryl] octyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC UMHKOAYRTRADAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004597 plastic additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 54
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000007316 Xerochrysum bracteatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007705 chemical test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000584 environmental toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000723 toxicological property Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/04—Starch derivatives, e.g. crosslinked derivatives
- C08L3/10—Oxidised starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
Abstract
The invention provides a degradable plastic flowerpot and a preparation method thereof, wherein the degradable plastic flowerpot is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of adhesive, 30-50 parts of plant fiber powder, 30-50 parts of filler, 10-20 parts of triethyl citrate and 0.2-0.4 part of titanate coupling agent. The invention adopts plant fiber powder, adhesive and other plastic additives to blend and prepare plastic particles of the degradable composite material, adopts injection molding to prepare the plastic flowerpot, has convenient processing, extremely high production efficiency, economy and feasibility, and has great industrialized application prospect; the prepared plastic flowerpot can reach the relevant standard of compostable and degradable plastics of European Union, can be biologically degraded and changed into fertilizer, can be used as a raw material of compost, realizes resource utilization of wastes, avoids the damage of the traditional plastic flowerpot to the environment, and is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastics, and relates to degradable plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of society and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, various flowers are more and more popular with people; and with the accelerated urbanization process and the need of commercial activities, a large amount of potted flowers are used for urban greening and beautifying. Most of the flowerpots are nondegradable black plastic flowerpots, and after the flowerpots are discarded, the flowerpots are difficult to degrade even after being buried for as many as ten years, so that the environment is greatly damaged, a large number of fresh flowers can be placed on the street in every day so as to show celebration, and the required amount of the flowerpots is very large, so that the degradable plastic flowerpots are necessary to be developed, the flowerpots can be degraded automatically after being abandoned, the environment cannot be polluted, and the degradable plastic flowerpots can be used as fertilizers to nourish soil.
Meanwhile, China is a big agricultural country, along with the production of grains, a large amount of byproducts such as straws, sunflower oil cakes, peanut shells and the like are produced, the byproducts can only be generally discarded and usually burnt, however, a large amount of generated smoke contains a large amount of harmful gases and suspended particles, the air quality is reduced, the health of people is harmed, the smoke can obstruct traffic in serious cases, accidents are frequent, if the discarded byproducts can be utilized, economic benefits can be brought, and environmental pollution can be avoided. In addition, China is a big country for brewing white spirit, white spirit vinasse is a byproduct of the brewing industry, according to statistics, the annual white spirit vinasse produced in China reaches 2100 million tons, the amount is large and concentrated, if the white spirit vinasse is not processed in time, the white spirit vinasse is decayed, not only is the waste of resources caused, but also the surrounding environment is seriously polluted, and therefore, the comprehensive utilization of the vinasse has very important significance for resource development and environmental protection in China.
At present, the specific requirements of the relevant standards aiming at compostable degradable plastics in China comprise biodegradability and disintegration performance; specific requirements of the relevant standards for U.S. compostable degradable plastics include biodegradability, disintegration, and ecotoxicological properties; the restriction of chemical substances is added to the three in Japan, Australia and the European Union. The degradable flower pots appearing on the market mainly comprise three major types, wherein the first type is prepared by adopting waste straws such as wheat straws, corn straws, cotton straws and the like as main raw materials and combining various auxiliary agents; the second kind is made by processing wood-plastic composite materials, such as resin like polyethylene, wood chips, wheat straws and the like; the third kind is prepared with oil pressing waste, sunflower oil cake, soybean oil cake, peanut oil cake, etc. as main material and various assistants. However, although the degradable plastic flower pots prepared by the three methods can reach the relevant domestic compostable and degradable standards, the degradable plastic flower pots cannot reach the European Union compostable and degradable plastic standards due to the characteristics, the proportion and other problems of raw materials and auxiliaries, and the products of related enterprises cannot be conveniently brought to the international market.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a degradable plastic flowerpot and a preparation method thereof, and the prepared plastic flowerpot can reach the relevant standards of compostable degradable plastics in the European Union.
A degradable plastic flowerpot comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of adhesive, 30-50 parts of plant fiber powder, 30-50 parts of filler, 10-20 parts of triethyl citrate and 0.2-0.4 part of titanate coupling agent; the adhesive is at least one of polylactic acid, oxidized starch, polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone; the plant fiber powder is prepared by drying and crushing at least one plant fiber selected from sunflower straw, sunflower oil cake, vinasse, peanut shell, wheat bran and corn starch.
The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
The plant fiber powder is prepared by drying and crushing sunflower oil cake meal and plant fibers of corn starch in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
The plant fiber powder accounts for 50 parts.
The titanate coupling agent is isopropyl dioleic acid acyloxy (dioctyl phosphate cool oxy) titanate or isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphate cool oxy) titanate.
Furthermore, the filler is at least one of light calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate and heavy calcium carbonate.
The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the mass ratio is 1: 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts by weight of polycaprolactone as mixed adhesives, 50 parts by weight of sunflower oil cake meal and corn starch in a mass ratio of 1:1 as mixed plant fiber powder, 20 parts by weight of triethyl citrate, 30 parts by weight of filler and 0.2-0.4 part by weight of titanate coupling agent.
A preparation method of a degradable plastic flowerpot comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the plant fiber at 60-80 deg.C for 18-30 hr, pulverizing to 50-100 mesh, and drying at 50-70 deg.C for 1.5-3 hr to obtain plant fiber powder;
(2) putting plant fiber powder, an adhesive, triethyl citrate, a filler and a titanate coupling agent into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 2000-4000rpm for 6-10min to uniformly disperse the plant fiber powder, the adhesive, the triethyl citrate, the filler and the titanate coupling agent to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at the temperature of 160-200 ℃ and the speed of 100-140r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Compared with the prior art, the degradable composite material plastic particles are prepared by blending the plant fiber powder, the adhesive and other plastic additives, and the plastic flowerpot is prepared by injection molding, so that the processing is simple, and the production efficiency is high. The adopted adhesive and the plant fiber powder are both biodegradable materials; the sunflower straw fiber in the adopted plant fiber powder raw material has high strength and provides support for the flowerpot structure; the sunflower oil cake and the corn starch have high viscosity, can play a role of a binder, can reduce the addition of the adhesive and control the cost; the vinasse can accelerate the degradation of the flowerpot and further shorten the degradation time of the flowerpot; after the peanut shells and the wheat bran are buried in the soil in the flowerpot, the peanut shells and the wheat bran can quickly absorb water in the soil and expand, so that the flowerpot is loose in structure, and the degradation speed is accelerated. The adhesive added in the components plays a role in bonding raw materials and additives in the flowerpot, and the adhesive is a degradable material, so that the flowerpot is environment-friendly and pollution-free. The components of the invention are added with the filling agent such as calcium carbonate, which can improve the strength of the flowerpot and avoid the breakage in the transportation process. According to the invention, the titanate coupling agent is added into the components, so that calcium carbonate can be uniformly dispersed in the raw materials, the thermal stability of the plastic is improved, the mechanical property and the processing property of the plastic are improved, the binding force between materials is enhanced, the use of an adhesive is reduced, and the glossiness of the flowerpot is increased. According to the invention, triethyl citrate is added into the components as a plasticizer of the adhesive, and the plastic plasticized by the triethyl citrate has good oil resistance, light resistance and mildew resistance, so that the plasticity of the flowerpot is improved, and the development of the personalized flowerpot industry is facilitated.
In the biodegradation performance test of the plastic flower pot prepared by the invention, the organic carbon degradation rate can reach more than 90% in 180 days, in the disintegration performance test, the organic matter dry weight residual rate does not exceed 10%, in the ecological toxicological performance test, in the experiment after the plastic flower pot is composted, the germination rate of plants reaches more than 90%, the plant biological quality is excellent, the plant germination rate and the plant biological quality are more than 90% of blank composting experiment plant germination rate, in the chemical substance restriction test, various restricted chemical substances in the standard are not detected, and the biodegradation performance, the disintegration performance, the ecological toxicological performance and the chemical substance restriction of the plastic flower disc prepared on the surface of the test result accord with the related standard requirements and accord with the related standards of compostable degradable plastics of European Union. Particularly, when the degradable plastic flowerpot adopts polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone in a mass ratio of 1:1 as a mixed adhesive, 50 parts by weight of plant fiber powder prepared by drying and crushing sunflower oil cake meal and corn starch in a mass ratio of 1:1 as mixed plant fiber powder, 20 parts by weight of triethyl citrate and 30 parts by weight of a filling agent, the prepared plastic flowerpot has an organic carbon degradation rate of 96% within 180 days in a biodegradation performance test, an organic matter dry weight residual rate of 2% in a disintegration performance test, and an ecological toxicological performance test, wherein in a test after composting of the plastic flowerpot, the germination rate of plants reaches 95%, and the comprehensive performance of composting degradation is optimal.
The plastic flowerpot prepared by the invention is simple to process, high in production efficiency, economic and feasible, can be biologically degraded and changed into fertilizer to be used as a raw material of compost, realizes resource utilization of wastes, avoids damage of the traditional plastic flowerpot to the environment, is environment-friendly, and has great industrial application prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and the advantages of the present invention will be clearly understood by the following descriptions. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention. Other parts of the embodiments which are not described in detail are all the prior art.
It should be noted that the titanate coupling agent is NDZ101 as isopropyldioleacyloxy (dioctylphosphoryloxy) titanate, or NDZ201 as isopropyltris (dioctylphosphoryloxy) titanate.
Example 1
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of polylactic acid, 30 parts of sunflower straw powder, 10 parts of triethyl citrate, 30 parts of calcium carbonate and 1010.2 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) cutting sunflower straws into 3 cm small sections, drying at 60 ℃ for 18h, crushing to 50 meshes, and drying at 50 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain sunflower straw powder;
(2) putting sunflower straw powder, polylactic acid, triethyl citrate, calcium carbonate and titanate coupling agent NDZ101 into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at 2000rpm for 6min to uniformly disperse the sunflower straw powder, the polylactic acid, the triethyl citrate, the calcium carbonate and the titanate coupling agent NDZ101 to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at the speed of 100r/s at the temperature of 160 ℃ by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 2
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of oxidized starch, 35 parts of sunflower oil cake powder, 11 parts of triethyl citrate, 35 parts of calcium carbonate and 1010.3 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying sunflower oil cake at 65 deg.C for 19 hr, pulverizing to 55 mesh, and oven drying at 55 deg.C for 1.6 hr to obtain sunflower oil cake powder;
(2) putting sunflower oil cake powder, oxidized starch, triethyl citrate, calcium carbonate and titanate coupling agent NDZ101 into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 2100rpm for 7min to uniformly disperse the sunflower oil cake powder, the oxidized starch, the triethyl citrate, the calcium carbonate and the titanate coupling agent NDZ101 to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at the temperature of 170 ℃ at the speed of 110r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 3
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 40 parts of vinasse, 12 parts of triethyl citrate, 30 parts of heavy calcium carbonate and 1010.3 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying distiller's grains at 70 deg.C for 20 hr, pulverizing to 60 mesh, and oven drying at 60 deg.C for 1.7 hr to obtain distiller's grain powder;
(2) putting the vinasse powder, polyvinyl alcohol, triethyl citrate, calcium carbonate and titanate coupling agent NDZ101 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 2500rpm for 8min to uniformly disperse the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at the speed of 120r/s at 180 ℃ by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 4
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of polycaprolactone, 45 parts of peanut shell, 13 parts of triethyl citrate, 45 parts of light calcium carbonate and 2010.3 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying peanut shells at 75 ℃ for 21h, crushing to 65 meshes, and drying at 65 ℃ for 1.8h to obtain peanut shell powder;
(2) putting peanut shell powder, polycaprolactone, triethyl citrate, calcium carbonate and titanate coupling agent NDZ201 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 3000rpm for 9min to uniformly disperse the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at 190 ℃ at a speed of 130r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 5
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: the mass ratio is 1:1, 100 parts of polylactic acid and oxidized starch, 50 parts of wheat bran, 14 parts of triethyl citrate, 35 parts of light calcium carbonate and 2010.2 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying the wheat bran at 80 ℃ for 22h, crushing to 75 meshes, and drying at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain distiller's grain powder;
(2) putting wheat bran powder, mixed adhesive, triethyl citrate, calcium carbonate and titanate coupling agent NDZ201 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 3500rpm for 8min to uniformly disperse the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at 195 ℃ at the speed of 120r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 6
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: the mass ratio is 1:1, 100 parts of polylactic acid and polyvinyl alcohol as mixed adhesives, 45 parts of corn starch, 15 parts of triethyl citrate, 30 parts of light calcium carbonate and 2010.3 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying corn starch at 75 deg.C for 25 hr, pulverizing to 85 mesh, and oven drying at 55 deg.C for 2.5 hr to obtain corn starch;
(2) putting corn starch, mixed adhesive, triethyl citrate, calcium carbonate and titanate coupling agent NDZ201 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at 3700rpm for 7min to disperse uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at 180 ℃ at the speed of 110r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 7
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: the mass ratio is 1:1, taking 100 parts of polylactic acid and polycaprolactone as a mixed adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the polylactic acid to the polycaprolactone is 1: 40 parts of sunflower straw and sunflower oil cake pulp as mixed plant fiber, 16 parts of triethyl citrate, 50 parts of heavy calcium carbonate and 2010.4 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying the mixed plant fiber at 80 ℃ for 30h, crushing to 100 meshes, and drying at 70 ℃ for 3h to obtain mixed plant fiber powder;
(2) putting mixed plant fiber powder, a mixed adhesive, triethyl citrate, calcium carbonate and a titanate coupling agent NDZ201 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 4000rpm for 10min to uniformly disperse the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at the speed of 140r/s at the temperature of 200 ℃ by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 8
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: the mass ratio is 1:1, taking 100 parts of oxidized starch and 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol as a mixed adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:1, 35 parts of vinasse and peanut shells serving as mixed plant fibers, 17 parts of triethyl citrate, by mass ratio of 1:1, 45 parts of light calcium carbonate and heavy calcium carbonate, and 1010.3 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying the mixed plant fiber at 75 ℃ for 23h, crushing to 70 meshes, and drying at 65 ℃ for 1.9h to obtain mixed plant fiber powder;
(2) putting mixed plant fiber powder, a mixed adhesive, triethyl citrate, a mixed filler and a titanate coupling agent NDZ101 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 2600rpm for 9min to uniformly disperse the raw materials to obtain a mixed plant fiber powder/mixed adhesive mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixed plant fiber powder/mixed adhesive mixture at 185 ℃ at the speed of 135r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 9
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: the mass ratio is 1:1, taking 100 parts of oxidized starch and polycaprolactone as a mixed adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized starch to the polycaprolactone is 1:1, 45 parts of wheat bran and corn starch as mixed plant fibers, 15 parts of triethyl citrate, and the mass ratio of the wheat bran to the corn starch is 1:1, 30 parts of calcium carbonate and light calcium carbonate as mixed fillers, and 1010.2 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying the mixed plant fiber at 70 ℃ for 24h, crushing to 80 meshes, and drying at 60 ℃ for 2.3h to obtain mixed plant fiber powder;
(2) putting mixed plant fiber powder, a mixed adhesive, triethyl citrate, a mixed filler and a titanate coupling agent NDZ101 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 3400rpm for 8min to uniformly disperse the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at 175 ℃ at a speed of 125r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
Example 10
The degradable plastic flowerpot is produced by adopting the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone in a mass ratio of 1:1 are used as a mixed adhesive, 50 parts of sunflower oil cake meal and corn starch in a mass ratio of 1:1 are used as mixed plant fibers, 20 parts of triethyl citrate in a mass ratio of 1:1, 30 parts of calcium carbonate and heavy calcium carbonate as mixed fillers, and 1010.3 parts of titanate coupling agent NDZ.
The production steps are as follows:
(1) drying the mixed plant fiber at 75 ℃ for 25h, crushing to 85 meshes, and drying at 55 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain mixed plant fiber powder;
(2) putting mixed plant fiber powder, a mixed adhesive, triethyl citrate, a mixed filler and a titanate coupling agent NDZ101 as raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 3700rpm for 7min to uniformly disperse the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at 180 ℃ at the speed of 110r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
The 10 plastic flowerpot samples obtained in examples 1-10 were subjected to the relevant standard tests of the compostable degradable plastics of the European Union, respectively, and the test methods were as follows:
and (3) testing the biodegradation performance: determination of CO evolution by composting experiments2The amount is used for expressing the degradation trend, and a certain amount of alkali liquor is used for sealingCO released by degradation of degradable flowerpot in system2Absorbing, titrating with barium salt reagent, and calculating to obtain CO in the process2The degradation rate is calculated, the experiment period is required to be not more than 180 days, and 90% of organic carbon is finally converted into carbon dioxide at the end of the experiment, namely the degradation rate of the organic carbon is more than or equal to 90%.
And (3) testing the disintegration property: after the degradable plastic flowerpot prepared by the invention is subjected to 84 days in a controlled composting experiment, the compost is screened by using a sieve with the aperture of 2mm, and the product is considered to meet the standard requirement if the dry weight of organic matters is not more than 10%.
And (3) testing the ecological toxicological property: testing according to OECD 208, after composting the experimental sample of the degradable plastic flowerpot, planting specially selected plants in the composted material, observing the germination rate and the plant biomass, and setting a blank composting experiment for comparison, wherein the plant planting germination rate and the plant biomass of the experimental sample compost are required to be more than 90% compared with the blank composting experiment.
Chemical confinement test: the test is carried out according to EN 13432 standard, the degradable plastic flowerpot disclosed by the invention is subjected to composting experiment, and the composted material is subjected to element analysis to determine whether the element content of the composted material meets the standard.
The results of the tests of the above method on the biodegradability, disintegration and ecotoxicity properties are shown in Table 1, and the results of the tests on the chemical substance limitations are shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from the results in the table, in the biodegradation performance test, when the experimental period is 180 days, the degradation rate of the plastic flowerpots of all the examples reaches more than 90%, and particularly the degradation rate of the plastic flowerpots of example 10 reaches 95.7%; in a disintegration performance test, the organic matter dry weight residual rate of the plastic flowerpot in all the embodiments does not exceed 10%, and particularly the organic matter dry weight residual rate of the plastic flowerpot in the embodiment 10 reaches 6.3%; in the ecological toxicology performance test, in a blank composting experiment, the germination rate of the plant is 98%, the plant biomass is excellent, in the experiment after the plastic flowerpot composting of the embodiment, the germination rate of the plant reaches more than 90%, the plant biomass is excellent, in the blank composting experiment, the plant germination rate and the plant biomass are more than 90% of the blank composting experiment, and particularly in the experiment after the plastic flowerpot composting of the embodiment 10, the germination rate of the plant reaches 95%; in the chemical restriction test, none of the chemicals in the standard was detected. It can be known that the degradable plastic flowerpot of the invention all meets the relevant standards of compostable degradable plastics of the European Union.
Table 1 results of performance testing
Table 2 chemical test results
Remarking: ND. indicates Not Detected.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the specific examples, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A degradable plastic flowerpot is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of adhesive, 30-50 parts of plant fiber powder, 30-50 parts of filler, 10-20 parts of triethyl citrate and 0.2-0.4 part of titanate coupling agent; the adhesive is at least one of polylactic acid, oxidized starch, polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone; the plant fiber powder is prepared by drying and crushing at least one plant fiber selected from sunflower straw, sunflower oil cake, vinasse, peanut shell, wheat bran and corn starch.
2. A degradable plastic flowerpot according to claim 1, wherein: the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
3. A degradable plastic flowerpot according to claim 2, wherein: the plant fiber powder is prepared by drying and crushing sunflower oil cake meal and plant fibers of corn starch in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
4. A degradable plastic flowerpot according to claim 3, wherein: the plant fiber powder accounts for 50 parts.
5. A degradable plastic flowerpot according to claim 4, wherein: the titanate coupling agent is isopropyl dioleic acid acyloxy (dioctyl phosphate cool oxy) titanate or isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphate cool oxy) titanate.
6. A method of making a degradable plastic flowerpot according to any one of claims 1-5 comprising the steps of:
(1) drying the plant fiber at 60-80 deg.C for 18-30 hr, pulverizing to 50-100 mesh, and drying at 50-70 deg.C for 1.5-3 hr to obtain plant fiber powder;
(2) putting plant fiber powder, an adhesive, triethyl citrate, a filler and a titanate coupling agent into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at the rotating speed of 2000-4000rpm for 6-10min to uniformly disperse the plant fiber powder, the adhesive, the triethyl citrate, the filler and the titanate coupling agent to obtain a mixture;
(3) extruding and granulating the mixture at the temperature of 160-200 ℃ and the speed of 100-140r/s by using a double-screw extruder to obtain plastic particles;
(4) and (3) carrying out injection molding on the plastic particles by using an injection molding machine to obtain the biodegradable plastic flowerpot.
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| CN114686015A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-01 | 张敏 | Environment-friendly biomass-based degradable material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115232453A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-10-25 | 山东哈工生物科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant foaming material capable of being completely biodegraded and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106633735A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆理工大学 | Biodegradable flowerpot material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106857064A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-06-20 | 黑龙江万向鹏程科技发展有限公司 | Can natural degradation environmental protection type flowerpot and its manufacture method |
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| US20130225731A1 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2013-08-29 | Jiangsu Jinhe Hi-Tech Co., Ltd | Degradable plastic and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2014015611A1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-01-30 | 惠州健昇吸塑制造有限公司 | Biodegradable temperature resistant material containing fiber base and polylactic acid and method for preparing same |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN115232453A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-10-25 | 山东哈工生物科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant foaming material capable of being completely biodegraded and preparation method thereof |
| CN115232453B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-01-12 | 山东哈工生物科技有限公司 | Completely biodegradable flame-retardant foaming material and preparation method thereof |
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