CN113816915B - Non-corrosive ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Non-corrosive ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113816915B CN113816915B CN202111222212.0A CN202111222212A CN113816915B CN 113816915 B CN113816915 B CN 113816915B CN 202111222212 A CN202111222212 A CN 202111222212A CN 113816915 B CN113816915 B CN 113816915B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- DEZDKWLZZLEVST-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl(hydroxy)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CCCCP(O)(CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DEZDKWLZZLEVST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFQPZDGUFQJANM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DFQPZDGUFQJANM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D257/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D257/04—Five-membered rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C07C211/63—Quaternary ammonium compounds having quaternised nitrogen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
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- C07C215/00—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/02—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/40—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton with quaternised nitrogen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
- C07F9/5407—Acyclic saturated phosphonium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/063—Ammonium or amine salts
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-corrosive ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal lubricants. The ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive is PTN 2222 ,PTN 4444 ,PTP 4444 Or PTCh, which has no corrosion to the friction substrate, can greatly improve the antifriction and antiwear performance of water on the steel/steel friction pair, and can improve the extreme pressure bearing capacity of water on the steel/steel friction pair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal lubricants, and particularly relates to a water-based lubricating additive, in particular to a non-corrosive ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Technical Field
The water-based lubricant is a lubricant with water as a main component, and compared with a petroleum-based lubricant, the water-based lubricant additive has the advantages of wide sources, low cost, good biodegradability and the like, so that the water-based lubricant becomes one of the research hotspots in the friction field. At present, water-based lubricating additives are widely applied to industrial production such as metal rolling, cutting, drawing, stamping, grinding, tapping and the like, and are particularly and most commonly applied in the fields of metal cutting and biological lubrication. Since pure water hardly exhibits excellent tribological properties on a friction pair and is liable to cause severe corrosion, the use of effective additives for improving the tribological properties of water-based lubricants is one of the solutions to this problem.
Although the traditional water-based lubricating additive has good friction-reducing and wear-resisting properties, most of the traditional water-based lubricating additives are obtained by modifying oil-based lubricating additives, and the traditional water-based lubricating additives have low solubility in water, complicated synthesis steps and higher cost, and are often accompanied with corrosion phenomena in the using process. In recent years, researchers have found that ionic liquids can be used as water-based lubricating additives and have better lubricating properties, but the following two problems still exist: (1) The anions of the ionic liquid mostly contain active elements such as S, P, F, cl and the like, and have certain corrosivity on a metal substrate; (2) The synthesis process of the ionic liquid is complex, and the application cost is high. Therefore, the development of a novel multifunctional water-based lubricant additive with simple synthesis process, low cost and no corrosiveness becomes the key for solving the problems.
For many years, the inventor has been devoted to research and development of high-performance ionic liquid lubricants and lubricant additives, and has successively filed numerous invention patents, some of which are specified in table 1.
TABLE 1
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical needs, a first object of the present invention is to provide an ionic liquid compound which can be used as a water-based lubricant additive, exhibits no corrosiveness to metal friction substrates and excellent friction-reducing and wear-resisting properties.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the inventors have conducted extensive experimental studies and diligent research to finally obtain the following technical solutions: an ionic liquid compound is PTN 2222 ,PTN 4444 ,PTP 4444 Or PTCh, specifically the structure shown below:
a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above ionic liquid compound, which comprises the steps of: to synthesize PTN 2222 ,PTN 4444 ,PTP 4444 And PTCh, firstly, mixing 5-phenyl tetrazole with tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetrabutyl phosphorus hydroxide or choline according to a molar ratio of 1, and stirring at room temperature for reaction for 12-36h; then, distilling under reduced pressure at 58-62 ℃ for 0.8-1.5h, and vacuum drying at 58-62 ℃ for 12-36h to obtain the final product PTN 2222 ,PTN 4444 ,PTP 4444 Or a PTCh.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the ionic liquid compound as the water-based lubricating additive of the intermetallic friction pair. In particular, the ionic liquid shows non-corrosive performance to friction substrates as a water-based lubricant additive of intermetallic friction pair, and the application of the ionic liquid to improve the tribological performance of water on steel/steel friction pair.
Further, through a large number of experimental studies, the inventors screened the optimum addition amount of the ionic liquid compound in water to achieve the best tribological performance. As a result, the ionic liquid compound can be used as a water-based lubricant additive at a concentration of 0.1 to 10.0% (mass fraction, the same applies hereinafter), more preferably 0.5 to 10.0%, and the optimum addition concentration is 3.0%. In addition, the ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive provided by the invention can be applied to a steel/steel friction pair and does not show corrosiveness.
Compared with the prior art, the ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive provided by the invention has the following advantages and remarkable progress:
(1) The ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive provided by the invention has no corrosion to a friction substrate.
(2) Ionic liquids, in particular PTP's, provided in the invention 4444 The antifriction and antiwear performance of water on a steel/steel friction pair can be greatly improved.
(3) The ionic liquid additive provided by the invention can improve the extreme pressure bearing capacity of water on a steel/steel friction pair.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of four ionic liquid compounds.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: addition of different concentrations of PTP 4444 The friction coefficient curve (a) of the aqueous solution on the steel/steel friction pair, and the average wear volume bar chart and the average friction coefficient line chart (b).
FIG. 3: the friction coefficient curve (a) of the aqueous solution added with 3% of the ionic liquid and the control sample pure water on the steel/steel friction pair, the average wear volume bar chart and the average friction coefficient line chart (b).
FIG. 4: the variable-load friction coefficient curve (a) and the variable-frequency friction coefficient curve (b) of the steel/steel friction pair added with 3% of the aqueous solution of the ionic liquid and the control sample pure water.
FIG. 5: the corrosion test result of the cast iron strip added with 3% of the ionic liquid aqueous solution provided by the invention and the pure water of the control sample is shown in the figure.
Detailed Description
The invention provides four ionic liquid compounds, and figure 1 shows the chemical structures of the four ionic liquids. In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and enable one skilled in the art to practice the present invention, the following examples are further illustrated, but the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the frictional wear properties of an aqueous solution obtained by adding the provided ionic liquid to pure water were evaluated using an SRV-V micro-vibration frictional wear tester manufactured by Optimol, germany, and compared with those of pure water. The friction pair contact mode of the SRV-V micro-vibration friction wear testing machine is ball-disc point contact, and the testing conditions are as follows: the load is 100N, the temperature is 25 ℃, the frequency is 25Hz, the amplitude is 1mm, and the experimental time is 30min; the test ball is an AISI52100 steel ball with the diameter phi of 10 mm; the lower test specimen is AISI52100 bearing steel with phi of 24mm and thickness of 7.9mm, the hardness is 800-900HV, and the wear volume of the lower test specimen is measured by NPFLEX three-dimensional optical profiler manufactured by BRUKER company in USA. Furthermore, the maximum seizure-free load (P) of an aqueous solution obtained by adding the provided ionic liquid to pure water and pure water was measured using a four-ball friction tester (19900-2) produced in England following the national Standard method GB/T3142-1982 (P) B ) And maximum sintering load (P) D ). Finally, the corrosion performance of the aqueous solution and pure water obtained by adding the provided ionic liquid to pure water was evaluated following the national standard method GB 6144-2010.
Example 1: ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive PTN 2222 Preparation of (2)
Firstly, mixing 5-phenyl tetrazole with tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide according to a molar ratio of 1. Then, distilling under reduced pressure at 58-62 ℃ for 0.8-1.5h, and drying under vacuum at 58-62 ℃ for 12-36h to obtain the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive PTN 2222 . By using 1 H (400 MHz) and 13 the structure of the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive was characterized by C (100 MHz) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). PTN 2222 The nuclear magnetic data for (c) are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm):7.83-7.81(t,2H),7.32-7.29(t,2H),7.25-7.21(t,1H), 2.70-2.65(q,8H),0.81-0.76(m,12H)； 13 C NMR(100MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm):161.89,129.51, 129.17,128.55,126.26,51.67,51.64,51.61,6.24。
the ionic liquid is added into pure water according to the proportion of 3 percent of mass fraction, the antifriction (friction coefficient) and wear resistance (wear volume) performances of the obtained aqueous solution on a steel/steel friction pair are tested and compared with the pure water. The test result shows that: adding PTN 2222 Average coefficient of friction (0.122) and average wear volume (4.12 x 10) as a lubricant for steel/steel friction pairs -4 mm 3 ) Significantly less than the average coefficient of friction (0.547) and average wear volume (19.88 x 10) of control pure water -4 mm 3 )。
Example 2: ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive PTN 4444 Preparation of (2)
Firstly, 5-phenyl tetrazole is mixed with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide according to a molar ratio of 1. Then, distilling under reduced pressure at 58-62 ℃ for 0.8-1.5h, and drying under vacuum at 58-62 ℃ for 12-36h to obtain the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive PTN 4444 . By using 1 H (400 MHz) and 13 the structure of the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive was characterized by C (100 MHz) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). PTN 4444 The nuclear magnetic data for (c) are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm):7.89-7.87(d,2H),7.29-7.25(t,2H),7.20-7.17(t,1H), 2.60-2.56(t,8H),1.11-1.08(t,8H),1.01-0.95(m,8H),0.66-0.63(t,12H), 13 C NMR(100 MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm):161.30,129.21,129.09,128.97,126.35,57.67,22.83,18.91,12.79。
the ionic liquid is added into pure water according to the proportion of 3 percent of mass fraction, the antifriction (friction coefficient) and wear resistance (wear volume) performances of the obtained aqueous solution on a steel/steel friction pair are tested and compared with the pure water. The test result shows that: adding PTN 4444 As a lubricant for steel/steel friction pairs, the average coefficient of friction (0.110) and the average wear volume (3.50 x 10) -4 mm 3 ) Significantly less than the average coefficient of friction (0.547) and average wear volume (19.88 x 10) of control pure water -4 mm 3 )。
Example 3: ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive PTP 4444 Preparation of (2)
Firstly, mixing 5-phenyltetrazole with tetrabutyl phosphonium hydroxide according to a molar ratio of 1. Then, distilling under reduced pressure at 58-62 ℃ for 0.8-1.5h, and drying under vacuum at 58-62 ℃ for 12-36h to obtain the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive PTP 4444 . By using 1 H (400 MHz) and 13 the structure of the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive was characterized by C (100 MHz) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). PTP 4444 The nuclear magnetic data for (c) are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm):7.91-7.89(d,2H),7.37-7.33(t,2H),7.29-7.26(t,1H), 1.69-1.66(d,8H),1.14(s,16H),0.70-0.67(t,12H), 13 C NMR(100MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm): 161.70,129.29,129.13,128.97,126.35,23.15,23.00,22.51,22.47,17.56,17.08,12.49。
the ionic liquid is added into pure water according to the proportion of 3 percent of mass fraction, the antifriction (friction coefficient) and wear resistance (wear volume) performances of the obtained aqueous solution on a steel/steel friction pair are tested and compared with the pure water. The test result shows that: adding PTP 4444 As a lubricant for steel/steel friction pairs, the average coefficient of friction (0.0986) and the average wear volume (1.25 x 10) -4 mm 3 ) Much less than the average coefficient of friction (0.547) and average wear volume (19.88 x 10) of the control pure water - 4 mm 3 )。
Example 4: preparation of ionic liquid water-based lubricating additive PTCh
Firstly, 5-phenyl tetrazole is mixed with choline according to a molar ratio of 1. Then, distilling for 0.8 to 1.5 hours at the temperature of between 58 and 62 ℃ under reduced pressure, and drying for 12 to 36 hours at the temperature of between 58 and 62 ℃ in vacuum to obtain the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive PTCh. By using 1 H (400 MHz) and 13 the structure of the ionic liquid water-based lubricant additive was characterized by C (100 MHz) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Nuclear magnetic data for PTCh are as follows: 1 H NMR(400 MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm):7.70-7.68(d,2H),7.13-7.09(t,2H),7.04-7.00(t,1H),3.55-3.51(m,2H), 2.91-2.88(t,2H),2.60(s,9H), 13 C NMR(100MHz,D 2 O)δ(ppm):161.87,129.33,129.03, 128.48,126.24,67.11,67.08,67.05,55.22,53.47,53.43,53.40。
the ionic liquid is added into pure water according to the proportion of 3 percent of mass fraction, the antifriction (friction coefficient) and wear resistance (wear volume) performances of the obtained aqueous solution on a steel/steel friction pair are tested and compared with the pure water. The test result shows that: average coefficient of friction (0.117) and average wear volume (4.50 x 10) of PTCh-added aqueous solution as lubricant for steel/steel friction pairs -4 mm 3 ) Significantly less than the average coefficient of friction (0.547) and average wear volume (19.88 x 10) of control pure water -4 mm 3 )。
TABLE 2 addition of different concentrations of PTP 4444 The aqueous solution of (a) is used as a lubricant of a steel/steel friction pair, and the antifriction (average friction coefficient) and anti-wear performance (average wear volume) of the lubricant is shown in figure 2, wherein a corresponding friction coefficient graph (a) is shown, and an average wear volume bar graph and an average friction coefficient line graph (b) are shown. As can be seen from the data in Table 2 and FIG. 2, very low concentrations of PTP were added 4444 (0.5%) can obviously improve the friction-reducing and wear-resisting properties of water, and the optimum addition concentration of said additive is 3%.
Table 2: PTP 4444 Tribological properties of aqueous solutions of different concentrations on steel/steel friction pairs
| Concentration (wt%) | Average coefficient of friction | Average wear volume (. About.10) -4 mm 3 ) |
| 0 | 0.527 | 19.44 |
| 0.1 | 0.232 | 13.29 |
| 0.5 | 0.142 | 2.99 |
| 1 | 0.118 | 4.09 |
| 2 | 0.112 | 4.04 |
| 3 | 0.101 | 1.21 |
| 5 | 0.088 | 2.41 |
| 10 | 0.083 | 3.02 |
Table 3 shows the average friction coefficient of an aqueous solution to which 3% of the ionic liquid provided by the present invention was added as a lubricant on a steel/steel friction pair and the average wear volume of the lower sample wear scar. Fig. 3 is a graph (a) of the corresponding average coefficient of friction, as well as a histogram of the average wear volume and a line graph (b) of the average coefficient of friction. As can be seen from the data in Table 3 and FIG. 3, the ionic liquid provided by the invention can significantly improve the friction reduction of water on a steel/steel friction pairAntiwear Properties, wherein Ionic liquid PTP 4444 The best antifriction and antiwear performance is shown.
Table 3: the tribological performance of the aqueous solution added with the four 3 percent ionic liquids and the control sample pure water on the steel/steel friction pair is compared
| Sample(s) | Average coefficient of friction | Average wear volume (. About.10) -4 mm 3 ) |
| Pure water | 0.547 | 19.88 |
| 3％PTN 2222 | 0.119 | 4.12 |
| 3％PTN 4444 | 0.117 | 3.50 |
| 3％PTP 4444 | 0.100 | 1.25 |
| 3％PTCh | 0.118 | 4.50 |
Example 5: experimental study on extreme pressure bearing performance of ionic liquid aqueous solution as steel/steel friction secondary lubricant
Table 4 shows extreme pressure bearing performance (maximum non-seizure load and maximum sintering load) of the aqueous solution to which 3% of the ionic liquid provided by the present invention is added and the control sample pure water as the lubricant of the steel/steel friction pair, and fig. 4 shows a variable load test friction coefficient graph (a) and a variable frequency test friction coefficient graph (b) of the aqueous solution to which 3% of the ionic liquid provided by the present invention is added and the control sample pure water on the steel/steel friction pair. As can be seen from the data in Table 4 and FIG. 4, the ionic liquid provided by the present invention, especially PTP 4444 Can obviously improve the extreme pressure bearing capacity of water.
Table 4: the maximum non-seizure load and the maximum sintering load of the aqueous solution added with 3 percent of four ionic liquids are compared with the maximum sintering load of pure water
Example 6: experimental study on corrosion of ionic liquid aqueous solution to cast iron strip
First, 18mL of four aqueous solutions to which 3% of the ionic liquid provided by the present invention was added and 18mL of pure water as a control were added to five 100mL beakers. Five cast iron bars were then dipped into the five different water-based lubricants and the five beakers were placed in an oven and dried at 55 + -2 deg.C for 24 hours. Finally, the five cast iron strips were taken out, washed with acetone and air-dried naturally to evaluate the degree of corrosion.
Fig. 5 shows the corrosion test results of the cast iron strip added with 3% of four aqueous solutions of the ionic liquid provided by the invention and pure water of a control sample, and it can be seen from the graph that the ionic liquid provided by the invention has no corrosion to the cast iron strip.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of protection is not limited thereto. The equivalents and modifications of the present invention which may occur to those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An ionic liquid compound is PTN 2222 Or PTCh, having the structure shown below:
2. a process for the preparation of an ionic liquid compound according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: mixing 5-phenyltetrazole with tetraethylammonium hydroxide or choline according to a molar ratio of 1 2222 Or a PTCh.
3. The application of an ionic liquid compound serving as an intermetallic friction pair water-based lubricating additive is that the ionic liquid compound is PTN 2222 ，PTN 4444 ，PTP 4444 Or PTCh, having the structure shown below:
4. use according to claim 3, wherein the intermetallic friction pair is a steel/steel friction pair.
5. Use according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the ionic liquid compound is used as a water-based lubricant additive in a concentration of 0.1-10.0 wt.%.
6. Use according to claim 5, wherein the ionic liquid compound is used as a water-based lubricant additive in a concentration of 0.5-10.0 wt.%.
7. Use according to claim 5, wherein the ionic liquid compound is used as a water-based lubricant additive in a concentration of 3-5 wt.%.
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| Title |
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| 5-Phenyltetrazole Photochemistry. A New Source of Phenylcarbene;Peter Scheiner;《The Journal of Organic Chemistry》;19690131;第34卷(第1期);第200页,第203页右栏第2段 * |
| LCST Phase Behavior and Complexation with Water of an Ionic Liquid Incorporating the 5-Phenyltetrazolate Anion;Leila Moura et al.,;《ChemPhysChem》;20171023;第18卷;第3384页图1,第3387页右栏倒数第1段 * |
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