CN113816726A - Novel steel tapping hole and preparation method - Google Patents

Novel steel tapping hole and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113816726A
CN113816726A CN202111029685.9A CN202111029685A CN113816726A CN 113816726 A CN113816726 A CN 113816726A CN 202111029685 A CN202111029685 A CN 202111029685A CN 113816726 A CN113816726 A CN 113816726A
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tapping hole
carbon fiber
novel steel
aluminum powder
curing
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CN113816726B (en
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田守信
申娟娟
贺恒星
张继国
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YANGGU XINMIN REFRACTORY MATERIALS CO Ltd
SHANDONG KEXIN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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YANGGU XINMIN REFRACTORY MATERIALS CO Ltd
SHANDONG KEXIN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
    • C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
    • C04B35/043—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/445—Lining or repairing the taphole
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
    • C04B2235/3865—Aluminium nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
    • C04B2235/402—Aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/46—Gases other than oxygen used as reactant, e.g. nitrogen used to make a nitride phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208—Fibers
    • C04B2235/5212—Organic
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208—Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
    • C04B2235/524—Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
    • C04B2235/5248—Carbon, e.g. graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77—Density
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
    • C04B2235/9676—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts against molten metals such as steel or aluminium
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
    • C04B2235/9684—Oxidation resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel steel tapping hole applied to a converter and an electric furnace and a preparation method thereof, which takes high-purity fused magnesia, metal aluminum powder, carbon fiber and liquid paraffin as main raw materials and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 75-95% of fused magnesite, 5-25% of metal aluminum powder, 0.02-0.5% of carbon fiber and 1-4% of liquid paraffin. Then high-pressure forming, nitriding at above 800 deg.C, sintering, vacuum impregnating resin and curing. The product has good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and the service life can be prolonged by more than 2 times.

Description

Novel steel tapping hole and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a novel steel tapping hole and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The tap hole is used as a unique channel for pouring molten steel into a ladle from a converter or an electric furnace, and the molten steel is often corroded by high-temperature molten steel and slag and is damaged by mechanical scouring in the tapping process, so that the tap hole is extremely easy to damage, the service life of the tap hole is very short, and the tap hole needs to be continuously repaired or replaced, so that the production efficiency and the production cost are influenced, and the quality of the molten steel and the production stability are influenced. The steel tapping hole is generally made of high-quality magnesia, graphite, a small amount of antioxidant, phenolic resin binding agent, mixing materials, high-pressure forming and curing, and also made of a magnesium-aluminum carbon material and an aluminum-silicon-carbide carbon material for end bricks. Whatever the material, the carbon resin is used as a bonding agent for bonding. The service life of the converter steel tapping hole is mostly 150-250 times. The service life of a steel tapping hole of a large converter is long, and is generally 180-250 times. The service life of the small converter is shorter, and is generally less than 200 times. And for the eccentric furnace bottom electric furnace steel tapping hole, the service life is generally 100-200 times. And the service life of the small electric furnace is shorter, and the service life of the steel tapping hole of the large electric furnace is longer. In recent years, increasing the service life of the tap hole and improving the quality of molten steel are more and more emphasized by manufacturers.
One of the key factors affecting the service life of the tap hole is the carbon bonding agent. The carbon binding agent is used for the steel tapping hole, the binding agent is carbonized in the using process, carbon binding is formed at the steel tapping hole, and the carbon activity of the binding agent is high and the binding agent is easy to dissolve in molten steel in the using process; when not tapping, it is exposed to air and oxidized into CO by oxygen and iron oxide and manganese oxide in slag adhered to the surface2And CO. Therefore, the service life of the resin bonded tap hole is limited and restricted. So far, no tap hole combined with other bonding agents has been seen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-durability steel tapping hole brick, which is prepared by using a new formula and a new process and has the advantages of obviously improving the oxidation resistance, the molten steel scouring resistance and the service life.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a novel steel tapping hole comprises 98 parts of fused magnesia, metal aluminum powder, carbon fiber or carbon fiber matrix and liquid paraffin, wherein the mass fractions of the components are as follows: 75-90% of 98 magnesite, 10-25% of metal aluminum powder, 0.02-0.5% of carbon fiber or carbon fiber matrix and 1-4% of liquid paraffin.
In a preferred scheme, the particle size of the 98 electric melting magnesite comprises 3-1, 1-0 and three fine powders, wherein the magnesite with different particle sizes comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of particle size 3-1, 20-35% of particle size 1-0, and 3-12% of fine powder.
In a preferable scheme, the purity of the metal aluminum powder is more than 97%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
In a preferred scheme, the carbon fiber or the carbon fiber matrix refers to graphite fiber, pitch fiber or polyacrylonitrile fiber, and plays a role in reinforcing and toughening.
A preparation method of a novel steel tapping hole comprises the steps of proportioning according to a formula proportion, putting the mixture into a strong mixer for mixing for more than 2min, and then carrying out high-pressure forming, nitriding, vacuum impregnation and curing to obtain the novel steel tapping hole.
Preferably, the pressure is greater than 200MPa, preferably greater than 250 MPa.
Preferably, the nitriding temperature is more than 800%oC, preferably 1400oC; the nitriding time is more than 10h, and the nitrogen flow is 100-200L/(min).t)。
Preferably, the vacuum impregnation is carried out under the conditions that the vacuum degree is less than 10mm of mercury, the pressure requirement is more than 0.2MPa, the impregnation time is more than 2h, and the viscosity of the impregnating resin is less than 1 Pa.S.
Preferably, the curing condition is that the temperature is 120-280 DEGoC, preferably 160 to 200oAnd C, curing for 4-24 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
the magnesium oxide brick combined with aluminum nitride is prepared by nitriding metal aluminum powder, carbon combination is replaced, and the oxidation resistance of the steel tapping hole is obviously improved. Carbon is easy to dissolve in molten steel, and aluminum nitride is not easy to dissolve in molten steel; the carbon oxidation leaves behind pores, resulting in a reduction in tap hole strength and erosion resistance, while the oxidation of aluminum nitride leaves behind Al2O3And further reacts with MgO to generate high-temperature phase magnesium aluminum tipThe spar improves the strength and the scour resistance of the steel tapping hole, obviously prolongs the service life of the steel tapping hole, enables the service life to be prolonged by more than 2 times, reduces the material cost and reduces the labor intensity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. It is to be understood that the following description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope thereof. Unless otherwise specified, the contents of the respective components used below are weight percent contents.
Examples
A novel steel tapping hole comprises 98 electric melting magnesia, metal aluminum powder, carbon fiber or carbon fiber matrix and liquid paraffin, wherein the specific mass fractions are shown in a table 1:
table 1: principle composition ratios and preparation methods of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1
Figure 255078DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Table 2: results of comparing the performances of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Therefore, the new combination system is adopted, the high-strength aluminum nitride and magnesium oxide combined steel-tapping hole brick is manufactured, the erosion resistance, the oxidation resistance, the scouring resistance and the service life of the steel-tapping hole are obviously improved, and the service life can be prolonged by more than 2 times.
Therefore, according to the technical scheme of the application, not only is the material cost reduced, but also more important is that the steel tapping hole is changed 40 times less in one year, the cost of refractory materials such as less repair materials is directly reduced by 40 multiplied by 0.5+0.4 multiplied by 8=23.2 ten thousand, and the time for changing each time is 2 hours, so that the furnace shutdown time can be reduced by 80 hours, steel 80/24 multiplied by 30=100 furnaces can be produced more, about 1.2 ten thousand tons of steel can be produced, the value can be about 360 ten thousand yuan/year, and the labor intensity is reduced. Therefore, by selecting a high-quality steel tapping hole, the value of one 120t converter can be increased by 383.2 ten thousand yuan per year, which is equivalent to creating about 25.5 ten thousand yuan for each steel tapping hole. Therefore, the aluminum nitride combined magnesia brick high-quality steel tapping hole has important significance.

Claims (9)

1. The novel steel tapping hole is characterized by comprising 98 parts of fused magnesia, metal aluminum powder, carbon fiber or carbon fiber matrix and liquid paraffin, wherein the mass fractions of the components are as follows: 75-90% of 98 magnesite, 10-25% of metal aluminum powder, 0.02-0.5% of carbon fiber or carbon fiber matrix and 1-4% of liquid paraffin.
2. The novel steel tapping hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 98 fused magnesite grains comprise three types of fine powder with the grain sizes of 3-1, 1-0, wherein the mass fractions of the magnesite grains with different grain sizes are as follows: 30-50% of particle size 3-1, 20-35% of particle size 1-0, and 3-12% of fine powder.
3. A new tap hole as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said metallic aluminum powder has a purity greater than 97% and a particle size less than 0.088 mm.
4. A new tap hole according to claim 1, characterised in that said carbon fibres or carbon fibre precursors are graphite fibres, pitch fibres or polyacrylonitrile fibres.
5. The method for preparing a novel steel-tapping hole as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the steel-tapping hole is prepared by mixing the ingredients according to the formulation ratio, placing the mixture in a strong mixer for more than 2min, and then performing high-pressure forming, nitriding, vacuum impregnation and curing.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the pressure is greater than 200MPa, preferably greater than 250 MPa.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the nitriding temperature is greater than 800 deg.CoC, preferably 1400oC; time of nitridationThe nitrogen flow is 100-200L/(min) for more than 10h.t)。
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the vacuum impregnation is performed under conditions of a vacuum of less than 10mm Hg, a pressure of greater than 0.2MPa, an impregnation time of greater than 2h, and an impregnating resin viscosity of less than 1 Pa.S.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the curing is carried out at a temperature of 120 to 280 ℃oC, preferably 160 to 200oAnd C, curing for 4-24 hours.
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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080233295A1 (en) * 2007-01-31 2008-09-25 Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Antioxidation coating for steel and antioxidation method using the same
CN102040387A (en) * 2010-10-28 2011-05-04 首钢总公司 Magnalium carbon refractory brick for improving quality of molten steel and prolonging service life of steel ladle and application method
CN102145995A (en) * 2011-04-06 2011-08-10 瑞泰科技股份有限公司 Magnesium-zirconium brick with high erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance for RH furnace and production technology thereof
CN102887717A (en) * 2012-10-19 2013-01-23 德清县力拓炉料有限公司 Metal composite low-carbon magnesium-carbon composite material
CN106187243A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-12-07 武汉科技大学 A kind of cement kiln spinel refractory and preparation method thereof
CN106699207A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-05-24 武汉科技大学 Fired magnesia-calcium brick and preparation method thereof
CN109160807A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-08 洛阳科创新材料股份有限公司 A kind of Metal Substrate aluminum-spinel slide plate and preparation method thereof
CN110550922A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-12-10 武汉科技大学 Green low-creep MgO-C brick and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080233295A1 (en) * 2007-01-31 2008-09-25 Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Antioxidation coating for steel and antioxidation method using the same
CN102040387A (en) * 2010-10-28 2011-05-04 首钢总公司 Magnalium carbon refractory brick for improving quality of molten steel and prolonging service life of steel ladle and application method
CN102145995A (en) * 2011-04-06 2011-08-10 瑞泰科技股份有限公司 Magnesium-zirconium brick with high erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance for RH furnace and production technology thereof
CN102887717A (en) * 2012-10-19 2013-01-23 德清县力拓炉料有限公司 Metal composite low-carbon magnesium-carbon composite material
CN106187243A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-12-07 武汉科技大学 A kind of cement kiln spinel refractory and preparation method thereof
CN106699207A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-05-24 武汉科技大学 Fired magnesia-calcium brick and preparation method thereof
CN109160807A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-08 洛阳科创新材料股份有限公司 A kind of Metal Substrate aluminum-spinel slide plate and preparation method thereof
CN110550922A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-12-10 武汉科技大学 Green low-creep MgO-C brick and preparation method thereof

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