CN113815813A

CN113815813A - Dock folding device, dock system and ship docking and undocking method

Info

Publication number: CN113815813A
Application number: CN202111306797.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 向超; 张宇; 龚亚军; 吴鸣; 姜勇; 曾保平; 吴勇; 刘贻欧; 汪琦; 胡军华; 贺学明; 王内; 张润林
Original assignee: Wuhan No 2 Ship Design Institute No 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corp
Current assignee: Wuhan No 2 Ship Design Institute No 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corp
Priority date: 2020-11-24
Filing date: 2021-11-05
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-05
Also published as: CN216783809U; CN113815812B; CN215922509U; CN113815813B; CN113815812A; CN112498627A; CN115140270A; CN215922510U

Abstract

The invention discloses a dock folding device, a dock system and a ship docking method, wherein the dock folding device comprises a dock block, a folding mechanism and a hydraulic station; the mechanism of falling down is including the hydraulic cylinder of falling down, it is connected with the hydraulic station to roll over the hydraulic cylinder, the dock block has the dock block structure, the dock block structure includes base, pier stud and mound face, the mound face is the upper portion surface of pier stud, the base sets up pier stud below, on the horizontal plane the cross-sectional area of base is greater than the cross-sectional area of mound face, be provided with rotation portion and drive division on the base, the drive division is used for being connected with the hydraulic cylinder of falling down, the dock block structure can wind under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder of falling down the rotation portion rotates to realize erecting and falling down of dock block structure. The dock folding-down device realizes that the dock block can be folded down, and can ensure that a dock entrance passage meets the specified requirements when a ship is in a low tide level. The dock block has high structural strength and stable rotation.

Description

Dock folding device, dock system and ship docking and undocking method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mechanical folding technology, in particular to a dock folding device, a dock system and a ship docking and undocking method.

Background

The height of the docking block in the dock is higher or lower according to the molded line of the docking block ship, and the docking block is vertically arranged in the prior art. When the tide level is low, the docking block with the large height dimension influences the passage of the ship for entering and exiting the dock, and the ship can enter and exit the dock only when the tide level is high. Therefore, there is a need to provide a solution to ensure that the dock access of a ship at low tide levels meets regulatory requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a dock folding device, a dock system and a method for docking a ship. The dock folding and inverting device can erect or invert the docking block through the folding and inverting mechanism when needed, ensures that a dock entrance passage meets the specified requirement when a ship is in a low tide level, and ensures that the ship enters and exits the dock passage.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

In some embodiments, a dock folding device is provided, and comprises a dock block, a folding mechanism and a hydraulic station; the mechanism of falling down is including the hydraulic cylinder of falling down, it is connected with the hydraulic station to roll over the hydraulic cylinder, the dock block has the dock block structure, the dock block structure includes base, pier stud and mound face, the mound face is the upper portion surface of pier stud, the base sets up pier stud below, on the horizontal plane the cross-sectional area of base is greater than the cross-sectional area of mound face, be provided with rotation portion and drive division on the base, the drive division is used for being connected with the hydraulic cylinder of falling down, the dock block structure can wind under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder of falling down the rotation portion rotates to realize erecting and falling down of dock block structure.

In some embodiments, the turning mechanism comprises a turning seat frame, and the turning cylinder is mounted on the turning seat frame at one end and mounted on the base of the docking block structure at the other end.

In some embodiments, at least one side of the base protrudes from the abutment to form a protrusion for mounting the connecting socket for connection with a drive mechanism.

In some embodiments, the boss has an L-shaped notch with a vertical face for mounting the connector block and a horizontal face.

In some embodiments, the inverted seat frame is installed on the side surface of the corresponding docking block of the dock bottom.

In some embodiments, the turning cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod and a piston, the hinged end of the cylinder body of the turning cylinder is mounted on the turning seat frame through a rotating shaft, and the hinged end of the piston rod of the turning cylinder is mounted on the docking block through a connecting seat and a bolt.

In some embodiments, the fold-down hydraulic cylinder is a single-stage, double-acting, swingable hydraulic cylinder.

In some embodiments, the vertical surface is provided with a connecting seat, and the hinged end of the piston rod of the inverted hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the connecting seat through a rotating ball bearing.

In some embodiments, the kickdown mechanism includes a weight disposed at an end of the kickdown mount distal from the docking block.

In some embodiments, the inverted seat frame is an integral seat frame formed by welding a bottom plate and channel steel, a dock block rotating seat is arranged at one end of the inverted seat frame and connected with a rotating part of the dock block structure through a rotating shaft, and a hydraulic cylinder rotating seat is arranged in the middle of the inverted seat frame and connected with the inverted hydraulic cylinder through a rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, there is also provided a dock system comprising a dock upending apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the dock system further comprising a dock access passage.

In some embodiments, a ship docking method is further provided, wherein the ship docking method adopts the dock folding device as described in any one of the above.

According to the embodiment of the application, the dock folding device can fold down the dock block, and can ensure that a dock entrance passage meets the specified requirements when a ship is in a low tide level. The dock folding device has the advantages of simple structure, complete functions, convenient control and simple manufacture and installation. By means of the deflection of the turning hydraulic cylinder on the pier column of the docking block structure, a groove-shaped structure is not needed to be made in the docking block in order to leave a swing space for the turning hydraulic cylinder, the continuity of an original I-shaped steel structure is not needed to be damaged, and the strength of the docking block is guaranteed. In addition, in the embodiment of the application, the pier column of the docking block structure is an integral body, so that the defect that the fillet weld of the groove-shaped structure with a slot in the middle can only be welded on one side is avoided, and the corrosion resistance is facilitated. Through setting up the base, also can avoid the restriction of pier stud height, be suitable for the pier stud of co-altitude not. In addition, in the embodiment of the application, the base is arranged on the docking block structure, the connecting seat on one side of the docking block is moved outwards to be in the same plane with the turning hydraulic cylinder, the stress supporting point of the connecting position of the connecting seat and the base is in the same plane with the driving force direction of the turning hydraulic cylinder, bending of the connecting seat is avoided, and the end of the piston rod adopts the rotating ball bearing, so that the influence of eccentric force on the rotating stability is eliminated. In the embodiment of the application, a rotating space does not need to be reserved for the inverted hydraulic cylinder, the dock block is good in structural integrity and beneficial to strength and corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the influence of eccentric force on the inverted hydraulic cylinder is eliminated.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the dock folding device realizes folding of the docking block and can ensure that a passage for the ship to enter and exit the dock meets the specified requirements in a low tide position. (2) The dock folding device has the advantages of simple structure, complete functions, convenient control and simple manufacture and installation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an overall structure of a dock folding-down device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a folding mechanism in one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a reverse cylinder in one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a pulley block structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a left side view of fig. 6.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a mobile hydraulic station in one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a top view of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a dock folding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic top view of a dock upender in one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a dock folding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a partial schematic structural view of a mobile hydraulic station in one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 15 is an overall block diagram of a dock system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The interpretation of such words should be made at the discretion of the person skilled in the art. For example, "above … …" and "below … …" are to be understood as referring to the positional relationship of the main structure or structures of the component or the like in the initial state, which may be broken during the movement. "… … is disposed on … …" should be understood to refer to the approximate connection of the components, not necessarily above.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly as understood by those skilled in the art, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the overall structure of the folding device of the dock according to one embodiment of the present invention is schematically illustrated. The folding device comprises a folding mechanism 1, a movable hydraulic oil station 2 and a watertight junction box 3. The folding mechanism 1 is mainly a mechanical device for erecting and falling down a docking block; the mobile hydraulic oil station 2 is used for providing folding power, electric operation and manual operation control of the device; the watertight junction box 3 is used for collecting state signals of an outboard watertight travel switch of the turnover mechanism and transmitting the state signals to the mobile hydraulic oil station 2 for state display and control.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the folding mechanism 1 includes a folding seat frame 100, a folding cylinder 200, a weight 300, a pulley block 400, an outboard watertight travel switch 500, and the like. The folding cylinder 200 and the ballast 300 are mounted on the folding seat frame 100, and the pulley block 400 is mounted on the ballast 300. The outboard watertight travel switch 500 is formed by a hall circuit and a magnet assembly, the magnet assembly is mounted on the docking block, and the hall switch is mounted on the inverted seat frame 100. The outboard watertight travel switch 500 may sense a travel of the fold-down mechanism and a fold-down and vertical state of the docking block.

In some embodiments, the inverted seat frame 100 is a one-piece seat frame formed by welding a bottom plate and a channel steel, and is installed on a side surface of a corresponding docking block of the dock bottom. One end of the turning seat frame is provided with a docking block rotating seat which is connected with a docking block through a rotating shaft, and the middle part of the seat frame is provided with a turning hydraulic cylinder rotating seat which is connected with a turning hydraulic cylinder through a rotating shaft. An aluminum bronze bushing is arranged between the rotating seat and the rotating shaft, and lubricating grease is coated during installation.

As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the turning hydraulic cylinder 200 is mainly composed of a cylinder body 201, a piston rod 202, a piston 203, a buffer plunger 204, a self-lubricating spherical plain bearing 205, a self-lubricating shaft sleeve 206, and the like. The end of the piston rod 202 is provided with a piston 203; the buffer plunger 204 is sleeved on the piston rod 202 and located between the piston rod 202 and the piston 203, and plays a role in hydraulic throttling and buffering when the piston rod 202 extends and retracts in place. The turning hydraulic cylinder 200 adopts a single-stage double-acting swingable hydraulic cylinder for providing turning power, and two ends of the turning hydraulic cylinder are connected by pin shafts. The hinged end of the cylinder body 201 is arranged on the inverted seat frame 100 through the rotating shaft, and the hinged end of the cylinder body 201 is provided with a self-lubricating shaft sleeve 206, so that the rotating shaft can be ensured to rotate flexibly. The hinged end of the piston rod 202 is provided with a self-lubricating joint bearing 205 which is installed on the docking block through a connecting seat and a bolt, and an adjusting gasket is arranged between the docking block and the connecting seat so as to be convenient to adjust during installation. The folding hydraulic cylinder 200 adopts a single-stage double-acting swinging hydraulic cylinder, so that the driving stability can be improved, the stroke is ensured to be reliable, the folding and erecting driving force is provided, and the stroke is stable.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 10, the dock folding device includes a docking block 20, the folding mechanism 1 includes a folding seat frame 100 and a folding hydraulic cylinder 200, the folding hydraulic cylinder 200 is a driving mechanism, and one end of the folding hydraulic cylinder 200 is installed on the folding seat frame 100, and the other end is installed on the docking block 20.

When the docking block is installed, the turning mechanism and the docking block are independently hoisted, the turning mechanism is adjusted after the position of the docking block is adjusted in place, and a turning hydraulic cylinder is installed on site to ensure that all piston rods of the turning hydraulic cylinder extend out of place when the docking block is in a normal erection position; when the docking block falls to the in-place stop, all piston rods of the hydraulic cylinder are retracted in place, and the falling position of the docking block can be properly adjusted through the adjusting gasket of the in-place stop. The height of the inverted docking block directly influences an in-out dock channel, is mainly related to the height and width of the docking block, and is calculated according to the size of the highest docking block at the stern, and the height between the highest position of the inverted docking block and the dock bottom ensures that a ship normally enters and exits a dock.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 10, the present application further provides a docking block structure 2000, the docking block 20 has a docking block structure 2000, the docking block structure 2000 is connected to a turning hydraulic cylinder 200, and the turning hydraulic cylinder 200 is used for driving the docking block structure 2000 to turn over or erect.

In some embodiments, the docking structure 2000 includes a base 2001, a pier 2002 and a pier face 2003, the pier face 2003 is an upper surface of the pier 2002 for bearing a docked ship, the base 2001 is disposed below the pier 2002, a cross-sectional area of the base 2001 in a horizontal plane (i.e., a top view of the docking structure in an erected state, as shown in fig. 11) is larger than that of the pier face 2003, the base 2001 is provided with a rotating portion 2004 and a driving portion 2005, the driving portion is configured to be connected with a driving mechanism, and the docking structure can rotate around the rotating portion under the driving of the driving mechanism, so that the docking structure can be erected and laid down. In one embodiment of the application, one end of the turning cylinder is installed on the turning seat frame, and the other end of the turning cylinder is installed on a base of the docking block structure.

In some embodiments, base 2001 protrudes on at least one side from abutment 2002 forming a protrusion 2006, and protrusion 2006 is configured to receive coupling receptacle 2007 for coupling with a drive mechanism. The protrusion 2006 has an L-shaped notch 2008 facing the driving mechanism (in this embodiment, the driving mechanism is the folding cylinder 200), the L-shaped notch 2008 has a vertical surface 2081 and a horizontal surface 2082, the connecting seat 2007 is installed on the vertical surface 2081, and one end of the folding cylinder 200 is connected to the connecting seat 2007. In some embodiments, the self-lubricating spherical bearing of the piston rod end of the fold-down cylinder 200 is a rotating ball bearing, and the fold-down cylinder is connected with the connecting seat 2007 through the rotating ball bearing. In the embodiment, by means of the deflection cylinder in the pier of the docking block structure, compared with the scheme that the deflection cylinder is arranged on the center line of the pier, the deflection scheme of the deflection cylinder does not need to form a groove-shaped structure in the docking block in order to leave a swing space for the deflection cylinder, the continuity of an original I-shaped steel structure does not need to be damaged, and the strength of the docking block is guaranteed. In addition, the pier column of the docking block structure in the embodiment is an integral body, the defect that the fillet weld of the groove-shaped structure with a slot in the middle can only be welded on one side is overcome, and corrosion resistance is facilitated. Through setting up the base, also can avoid the restriction of pier stud height, be suitable for the pier stud of co-altitude not. In addition, in the embodiment, the base is arranged on the docking block structure, the connecting seat on one side of the docking block is moved outwards to the same plane as the turning hydraulic cylinder, the stress supporting point at the connecting position of the connecting seat and the base is on the same plane with the driving force direction of the turning hydraulic cylinder, bending of the connecting seat is avoided, and the end of the piston rod adopts the rotating ball bearing, so that the influence of eccentric force on the rotating stability is eliminated. In the embodiment of the application, a rotating space does not need to be reserved for the inverted hydraulic cylinder, the dock block is good in structural integrity and beneficial to strength and corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the influence of eccentric force on the inverted hydraulic cylinder is eliminated.

In some embodiments, weight 300 is a solid piece of iron, and after inverted seat frame 100 and inverted cylinder 200 are installed, weight 300 is placed on one end of inverted seat frame 100 and secured by bolts. The weight is mainly to balance the weight of the two ends of the folding seat frame 100 in the folding process and keep the seat frame stable.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in some embodiments, the pulley block 400 is mainly composed of a pulley 401, a pulley bracket 402, a self-lubricating bushing 403, a pin 404, and the like. The pulley 401 is mounted on a pulley bracket 402 by a pin 404; a self-lubricating shaft sleeve 403 is arranged between the pin shaft 404 and the pulley 401, so that the pulley 401 can be ensured to rotate flexibly; the entire pulley block 400 is fixed to the weight 300 by bolts at the bottom of the pulley bracket 402. When the folding device fails to fall due to pipeline leakage, damage or sealing failure of the folding hydraulic cylinder 200, an emergency steel wire can pass through a pulley 401 on the folding device by a diver and is connected to a docking block, the pulley on the dock top is arranged and fixed according to the field position condition, one end of the emergency steel wire is arranged on the pulley on the dock top, the other end of the emergency steel wire passes through the pulley 401 and is connected to the docking block, under the condition of removing the system pressure, the emergency steel wire on the dock top is slowly pulled through a chain block or other modes, the docking block is pulled to a falling state, and a docking passage of a ship is ensured.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in some embodiments, the mobile hydraulic oil station 2 is composed of a docking block control structure frame 601, an electrical control box 602, a solenoid operated directional valve 603, an oil tank assembly 604, an oil pump unit 605, an oil supply pump unit 606, an oil supply valve assembly 607, a switch valve assembly 608, a control valve assembly 609, and the like. The dock block control structure frame 601 is an installation base for moving other components of the hydraulic oil station 2; the oil inlet end of the oil pump unit 605 is connected to the oil tank assembly 604 through a hydraulic hose, and the output end of the oil pump unit is connected to the oil inlet end of the electromagnetic hand-operated directional valve 603 through a hydraulic hose; the electromagnetic hand-operated reversing valve 603 is connected with the folding and reversing hydraulic cylinder 200 through an oil inlet and return hydraulic hose to provide telescopic power for the folding and reversing hydraulic cylinder; one end of the oil supplementing pump unit 606 is connected with the oil tank assembly 604 through a hydraulic pipeline, when the oil quantity of the oil tank is insufficient, an oil supplementing pipe at the other end is externally connected with a hydraulic oil source, and the oil supplementing pump unit 606 is started, so that oil can be supplemented for the oil tank assembly 604; the makeup valve assembly 607, the on-off valve assembly 608, the control valve assembly 609, and the like are arranged in the hydraulic line described above for realizing the respective hydraulic control. In this embodiment, the mobile hydraulic oil station 2 serves as a hydraulic station for providing the turning power and providing hydraulic oil for the turning hydraulic cylinder 200, and the hydraulic station is of an integrated movable design, is placed on the shore, and is connected with the turning hydraulic cylinder 200 through a pipeline system. In order to improve the working reliability of the hydraulic station, the hydraulic station adopts a double-pump configuration scheme, 1 oil pump unit 605 can meet the use requirement of the folding device when working normally, and the other oil pump unit is used for standby. In order to facilitate oil supplement, an oil supplement functional unit, namely an oil supplement pump unit 606, is arranged.

In some embodiments, specifically, as shown in fig. 13, the oil supplementing pump unit 606 includes a hydraulic line 6001, a first oil supplementing stop valve 6002, a first filter 6003, an oil supplementing check valve 6004, an oil supplementing pump 6005, a second filter 6006, a second oil supplementing stop valve 6007, and an oil supplementing pipe 6008, one end of the oil supplementing pump unit 606 is connected to the oil tank assembly 604 through the hydraulic line 6001, and the other end thereof may be externally connected to a hydraulic oil source through the oil supplementing pipe 6008. First oil supplementing stop valve 6002, first filter 6003, oil supplementing check valve 6004, oil supplementing pump 6005, second filter 6006, second oil supplementing stop valve 6007 are connected in sequence between hydraulic line 6001 and oil supplementing pipe 6008. First filter 6003 is an oil outlet filter and second filter 6006 is an oil inlet filter. In some embodiments, the oil recharging pump unit 606 further includes an oil recharging overflow valve 6009, the oil recharging overflow valve 6009 is connected to the oil recharging pump 6005, and two ends of the oil recharging overflow valve 6009 are respectively disposed at an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end of the oil recharging pump 6005.

In some embodiments, specifically, the oil pump assembly 605 includes a pressure oil line 5001 and an oil return line 5002, one end of the pressure oil line 5001 is connected to the oil tank assembly 604 through a hydraulic hose, and the other end of the pressure oil line 5001 is connected to the oil inlet end of the electromagnetic hand-operated directional valve 603 through a hydraulic hose. One end of the oil return pipeline 5002 is connected to the oil tank assembly 604 through a hydraulic hose, and the other end of the oil return pipeline is connected to an oil return end of the electromagnetic hand-operated directional valve 603 through a hydraulic hose. The pressure oil pipeline 5001 is provided with a first oil pump 5003, a first one-way valve 5004, a pressure oil filter 5005 and a stop valve 5006 which are connected in sequence; the oil return line 5002 is provided with an oil return filter 5007 and an air cooler 5008. Specifically, the pressure oil pipeline 5001 is further provided with a pressure gauge 5009. A pressure gauge 5009 is provided between the first check valve 5004 and the pressure oil filter 5005. In some embodiments, the pressure oil line 5001 is provided with a first overflow valve 5010, and two ends of the first overflow valve 5010 are respectively connected to an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end of the first oil pump 5003. First oil pump, first check valve and first overflow valve constitute first oil pump assembly, and first oil pump assembly normal work can satisfy and roll over device user demand.

In one embodiment, the oil pump assembly 605 further includes a second oil pump assembly in parallel with the first oil pump assembly as a backup. The second oil pump assembly comprises a second oil pump 5011, a second one-way valve 5012 and a second overflow valve 5013, and two ends of the second overflow valve 5013 are respectively connected with an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end of the second oil pump 5011.

In one embodiment, an oil supply and return overflow valve 5014 is disposed between the pressure oil line 5001 and the oil return line 5002, and one end of the oil supply and return overflow valve 5014 is connected between the first check valve 5004 and the pressure oil filter 5005 of the pressure oil line 5011, and the other end is connected between the oil return filter 5007 and the air cooler 5008 on the oil return line 5002.

The electrical control box 602 is used for controlling the electromagnetic hand operated reversing valve 603, so as to realize the turning-over action of the docking block and display the in-place state of the docking block. The electric control box 602 controls and displays the state of the mobile hydraulic oil station 2 at the same time, the electric control box 602 is provided with an operation button and an in-place indicator light, the normal operations of starting and stopping the mobile hydraulic oil station 2 and turning down the dock block are performed on the electric control box 602, and when the electric control box 602 fails, the electromagnetic hand can be used for operating the reversing valve 603 to perform the turning down action.

In some embodiments, the folding mechanism 1 has a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of folding mechanisms are arranged side by side, each group of folding mechanisms is connected with a foldable docking block, and the plurality of docking blocks together form a support for the ship. It is understood that a multi-group means that there are at least two groups. In one embodiment, the fold-down mechanism has 4 sets (refer to fig. 2). In one embodiment, each set of folding mechanisms performs the folding or erecting action sequentially when folding or erecting.

In some embodiments, there are a plurality of docking blocks, the turning mechanism has a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of turning mechanisms are arranged side by side, each group of turning mechanisms is connected with one turnable docking block, and the plurality of docking blocks together form a support for the ship. In one embodiment, referring to fig. 12, (a) is a schematic front view and (b) is a schematic top view in fig. 12. There are 4 docking blocks, including

blocks

20a, 20b, 20c, 20d of successively higher heights. The jack 1 has 4 sets corresponding to the

docking blocks

20a, 20b, 20c, 20 d. The dock folding device further comprises a folding mechanism integral fixing device 800, and the folding mechanism integral fixing device 800 is used for forming a plurality of groups of folding mechanisms 1 into a whole. Specifically, the integral fixing device of the turning mechanism is steel plates, the two steel plates are embedded in the dock bottom in parallel, and the turning seat frames of the multiple turning mechanisms are fixedly connected with the steel plates. During specific installation, the installation of the inverted seat frame needs to be carried out after the corresponding docking block is placed and adjusted in place at the dock bottom, the inverted seat frame is installed by taking a rotating pin shaft at the bottom of the docking block as a positioning pin, and the docking block cannot move in the installation and adjustment process of the inverted seat frame or a hydraulic cylinder. Meanwhile, steel plates are embedded in the dock bottom for each group of the turning mechanisms, after the turning seat frames are adjusted in place, the turning mechanisms are connected into a whole by spot welding the bottom plates of the turning seat frames to the embedded steel plates, so that the turning seat frames are prevented from moving in the turning process, and the position accuracy of the dock block after turning is guaranteed. Each group of turning mechanisms is provided with a weight, the weight of each weight is matched according to the designed support weight of the docking block, specifically, each weight is a solid iron casting with the weight of more than 1 ton, and after the turning seat frame and the turning hydraulic cylinder are installed, the weight is placed at one end of the turning seat frame and is fixed through bolts.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 14, each set of the folding mechanism (4 sets shown in the figure) is equipped with a set of hydraulic accessories 700, one end of the hydraulic accessories 700 is connected to the pressure oil pipeline 5001 and the return oil pipeline 5002 of the oil pump unit 605, and the other end is connected to the folding cylinder 200. Specifically, the hydraulic accessory comprises a hydraulic stop valve 7003, a hydraulic cylinder oil inlet pipeline 7001 and a hydraulic cylinder oil return pipeline 7002, the hydraulic stop valves 7003 are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder oil inlet pipeline 7001 and the hydraulic cylinder oil return pipeline 7002, each group of turning mechanism is provided with a watertight travel switch 500, and the travel of each turning mechanism and the turning and vertical states of the dock block can be sensed through the outboard watertight travel switches 500. After the stroke of each folding hydraulic cylinder reaches the position, hydraulic stop valves on an oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline of the hydraulic cylinder are closed in time, the docking block is kept locked in the down or up state, and the flow requirement is reduced. Of course, it will be understood that the hydraulic attachment also includes a solenoid operated directional valve 603, a throttle valve 7004, a pressure gauge 7005, a hydraulic hose, and the like. And a throttling valve 7004 and a pressure gauge 7005 are arranged on the oil inlet pipeline 7001 and the oil return pipeline 7002 of the hydraulic cylinder. More specifically, the electromagnetic hand-operated directional valve 603 is a three-position four-way electromagnetic hand-operated directional valve, and is connected to the pressure oil pipeline 5001 and the oil return pipeline 5002 of the oil pump unit 605.

In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 15, a dock system 10 is provided, the dock system 10 including the dock upender and the dock access described above, the dock system 10 for carrying a docked watercraft and providing the dock access. The dock folding and inverting device comprises a folding and inverting mechanism 1 and a hydraulic station 1001, wherein the hydraulic station 1001 is arranged at the top of a dock, the folding and inverting mechanism 1 is arranged at the bottom of a dock block 20 (namely the bottom of the dock) and comprises a folding and inverting seat frame 100 and a folding and inverting hydraulic cylinder 200, one end of the folding and inverting hydraulic cylinder is installed on the folding and inverting seat frame 100, the other end of the folding and inverting hydraulic cylinder is installed on the dock block 20, the folding and inverting seat frame is rotatably connected with the bottom of the dock block through a rotating seat, and the hydraulic station 1001 is connected with the folding and inverting hydraulic cylinder 200 and used for providing driving force for the folding and inverting hydraulic cylinder; the dock system 10 is provided with an emergency steel wire rope 41, and is used for pulling the docking block to a falling state through the emergency steel wire rope 41 when the docking block cannot fall down due to the fact that a dock folding device fails, so that an undocking channel of a ship is ensured.

In order to deal with the influence of tide level on the water level of the dock entrance and the dock exit, the dock folding and inverting device is used for erecting or inverting 4 dock blocks with larger stern height of the ship 5 according to the requirement of the dock exit, and the dock entrance and the dock exit can meet the specified requirement. The dock system mainly comprises a folding mechanism, a hydraulic station, hydraulic accessories, an electrical control box, an emergency folding steel wire mechanism and the like, wherein the emergency folding steel wire mechanism 4 comprises an emergency steel wire rope 41, a pulley block 400 and the like.

In one embodiment of the invention, the invention further provides a ship docking and undocking method, which adopts a dock folding device to dock and undock. Specifically, the dock folding and inverting device has the following use flow in the process of docking a ship:

a) and under the dry dock condition, adjusting and arranging each set of docking blocks.

b) According to the arrangement position of the docking block, a turning seat frame, a weight and a turning hydraulic cylinder are installed and adjusted, when the docking block is in a standing state, piston rods of the turning hydraulic cylinder are all extended in place, and at the moment, a docking block standing-in-place indicator lamp is on.

c) And (3) performing spot welding positioning on the folding seat frame on a steel plate pre-embedded at the bottom of the dock to ensure that the folding mechanism does not move in the folding process.

d) And (3) carrying out a docking block turning test, adjusting a stop and a position switch of the docking block falling position in the test process, ensuring that the docking block falls on the stop when falling, and enabling an indicator light to be on when falling in place.

e) And erecting the docking block in place, closing all hydraulic accessory stop valves and keeping the docking block in an erected state. Namely, the water injection condition is provided.

f) And after the water injection is finished, the docking block is laid down in place, the stop valves of the hydraulic accessories are closed, and the docking block is kept in the laid-down state. I.e. with a ship docking condition.

g) After the ship is in the dock and positioned, the docking block is erected in place, the stop valves of the hydraulic accessories are closed, and the docking block is kept in the erected state. Namely, the pier sitting condition is provided.

The dock folding and inverting device has the following use flow in the ship undocking process:

a) under the condition of dry dock, the folding devices are adjusted and arranged.

b) And operating the hydraulic cylinder to be turned over, and connecting the hydraulic cylinder to the docking block after ensuring that the hydraulic cylinder works normally. And closing the stop valves of the hydraulic cylinders and keeping the docking blocks in the vertical state. Namely, the water injection floating condition is provided.

c) And after floating, operating to reverse the docking block, closing each hydraulic cylinder stop valve after reversing to the proper position, and keeping the docking block in a reversed state. I.e. with undocking conditions.

d) If the device breaks down after floating, the dock block can be forcibly pulled down by pulling the emergency steel wire through the chain block, and the ship can be guaranteed to be undocked in time.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The dock folding device is characterized by comprising a dock block, a folding mechanism and a hydraulic station; the mechanism of falling down is including the hydraulic cylinder of falling down, it is connected with the hydraulic station to roll over the hydraulic cylinder, the dock block has the dock block structure, the dock block structure includes base, pier stud and mound face, the mound face is the upper portion surface of pier stud, the base sets up pier stud below, on the horizontal plane the cross-sectional area of base is greater than the cross-sectional area of mound face, be provided with rotation portion and drive division on the base, the drive division is used for being connected with the hydraulic cylinder of falling down, the dock block structure can wind under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder of falling down the rotation portion rotates to realize erecting and falling down of dock block structure.

2. The dock folding device of claim 1, wherein the folding mechanism comprises a folding seat frame, and the folding cylinder is mounted on the folding seat frame at one end and on a base of the docking structure at the other end.

3. A dock upender apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein at least one side of the base projects from the pier to form a projection for mounting an attachment socket for attachment to a drive mechanism.

4. A dock upender as claimed in claim 3 wherein the projections have an L-shaped notch having a vertical face for mounting the attachment socket and a horizontal face.

5. A dock folding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the folding brackets are mounted to the sides of respective docking blocks of the dock floor.

6. The dock folding device of claim 5, wherein the folding cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod and a piston, the hinged end of the cylinder body of the folding cylinder is mounted on the folding seat frame through a rotating shaft, and the hinged end of the piston rod of the folding cylinder is mounted on the docking block through a connecting seat and a bolt.

7. A dock upender device as claimed in claim 6 wherein the upender hydraulic cylinder is a single stage double acting swingable hydraulic cylinder.

8. A dock upender as claimed in claim 7 wherein the vertical surface mounts a connecting socket and the hinged end of the piston rod of the upender hydraulic cylinder is mounted to the connecting socket by a rotating ball bearing.

9. The dock upender apparatus of claim 8, wherein the upender mechanism comprises a weight disposed at an end of the upender mount remote from the docking block.

10. The dock folding device of claim 9, wherein the folding seat frame is a one-piece seat frame formed by welding a bottom plate and a channel, a dock block rotating seat is arranged at one end of the folding seat frame and connected with a rotating part of the dock block structure through a rotating shaft, and a hydraulic cylinder rotating seat is arranged in the middle of the folding seat frame and connected with the folding hydraulic cylinder through a rotating shaft.

11. A dock system comprising a dock upending apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 10, the dock system further comprising a docking passage.

12. A method of docking a vessel, characterised by using a dock folding apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.