CN113815382A - Electric automobile and heat pump air conditioning system thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile and heat pump air conditioning system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113815382A CN113815382A CN202111147802.1A CN202111147802A CN113815382A CN 113815382 A CN113815382 A CN 113815382A CN 202111147802 A CN202111147802 A CN 202111147802A CN 113815382 A CN113815382 A CN 113815382A
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- condenser
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- evaporator
- conditioning system
- air conditioning
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an electric automobile and a heat pump air-conditioning system thereof, wherein the heat pump air-conditioning system comprises a heat exchange assembly, an integrated assembly and a compressor; the heat exchange assembly comprises a first condenser and a first evaporator; the integrated assembly comprises an integrated plate, a second condenser, a second evaporator and a valve assembly; the first condenser and the second condenser are respectively arranged on the two parallel condensation flow channels, and the first evaporator and the second evaporator are respectively arranged on the two parallel evaporation flow channels; the valve component comprises a plurality of valves, each evaporation flow channel and each condensation flow channel are provided with at least one valve, and each valve is used for selectively conducting or stopping a branch corresponding to the valve when the mode of the heat pump air conditioning system is switched. The electric automobile comprises a passenger cabin, a front cabin and the heat pump air conditioning system. The electric automobile and the heat pump air conditioning system thereof provided by the invention have simple pipelines and can realize switching among various temperature control modes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to an electric automobile and a heat pump air conditioning system thereof.
Background
The electric automobile is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by using a motor, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. In a new energy automobile, an air conditioning system is an important component, and the existing heat pump air conditioning system is widely applied to the new energy automobile because of the advantages of reversible refrigeration cycle, energy conservation, high efficiency and the like.
In the related art, the arrangement mode of the air conditioning system of the new energy automobile mainly refers to the arrangement mode of the air conditioning system on the traditional fuel vehicle, and parts and pipelines of the air conditioning system are dispersedly arranged in a vehicle body.
However, the number of parts in the heat pump air conditioning system of the new energy automobile is larger than that of parts in the air conditioning system of the traditional fuel oil automobile, so that the difficulty of installation and arrangement of the heat pump air conditioning system is high when the new energy automobile is assembled.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an electric automobile and a heat pump air-conditioning system thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the difficulty in installation and arrangement of the heat pump air-conditioning system in the related art is high.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat pump air conditioning system, including a heat exchange assembly, an integrated assembly, and a compressor; the heat exchange assembly comprises a first condenser and a first evaporator which exchange heat with a passenger compartment of the electric automobile; the integrated assembly comprises an integrated plate, and a second condenser, a second evaporator, a valve assembly and a flow channel assembly are integrated on the integrated plate; the flow channel assembly comprises an air conditioner pipeline, two condensation flow channels arranged in parallel and two evaporation flow channels arranged in parallel, and the first condenser and the second condenser are respectively arranged on the two condensation flow channels to form a condensation assembly; the first evaporator and the second evaporator are respectively arranged on the two evaporation flow channels to form an evaporation assembly; the condensation assembly, the evaporation assembly and the compressor are sequentially connected through the air conditioner pipeline according to the flowing direction of the refrigerant; the valve component comprises a plurality of valves, at least one valve is arranged in each evaporation flow channel and each condensation flow channel, and each valve is used for selectively conducting or stopping a branch corresponding to the valve when the mode of the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric automobile is switched.
Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, including a passenger cabin, a front cabin and the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric vehicle as described above, where the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric vehicle includes a heat exchange assembly, an integrated assembly and a compressor, the heat exchange assembly is disposed in the passenger cabin, and the integrated assembly and the compressor are disposed in the front cabin of the electric vehicle.
The invention provides an electric automobile and a heat pump air-conditioning system thereof, wherein a compressor, a condensation component and an evaporation component which form a circulation loop are arranged, the condensation component comprises two condensers which are arranged in parallel, the evaporation component comprises two evaporators which are arranged in parallel, each branch is provided with a valve, and each valve is used for selectively switching on or off the branch corresponding to the valve when the heat pump air-conditioning system is switched in a mode, so that the heat pump air-conditioning system is simple to control and has multiple modes, and other devices in the automobile can be heated or cooled.
In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions described above, other technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present invention, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and advantages brought by the technical features will be further described in detail in the detailed description.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow of refrigerant in a heat pump air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of the flow of refrigerant in the heat pump air conditioning system shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of heat exchange between a heat exchanger and a second condenser in a heat pump air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
111-a first part; 112-a second portion; 113-a third portion;
12-a first condensing flow channel;
13-a second condensation flow channel;
14-a first evaporation flow channel;
15-a second evaporation flow channel;
21-a stop valve; 22-a one-way valve; 23-an expansion valve;
3-a compressor;
4-a condensing assembly; 41-a first condenser; 42-a second condenser; 421-internal piping; 422-external piping;
5-an evaporation assembly; 51-a first evaporator; 52-a second evaporator; 521-a first heat exchange line; 522-second heat exchange circuit;
6-a liquid reservoir;
7-a heat exchanger; 71-a first channel; 72-a second channel;
81-passenger compartment;
91-a heat sink; 92-battery liquid cooling lines; 93-control valve.
With the above figures, certain embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in more detail below. The drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but rather to illustrate it by those skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In the related technical field of electric automobiles, the arrangement mode of an air conditioning system on a traditional fuel vehicle is still used for reference, and parts and pipelines of the air conditioning system are dispersedly arranged in a vehicle body. The problem that the difficulty of installation and arrangement of a heat pump air conditioning system is high when a new energy automobile is assembled is caused.
In view of this, according to the present application, a plurality of air conditioning components of the heat pump air conditioning system are integrated together to form an integrated assembly with a high integration level, so that the modularization of the heat pump air conditioning system is realized, the difficulty in installation and arrangement of the heat pump air conditioning system is reduced, and the assembly by an operator is facilitated.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the heat pump air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a heat exchange assembly, an integrated assembly, and a compressor 3. The heat exchange assembly includes a first condenser 41 and a first evaporator 51. The objects of heat exchange between the first condenser 41 and the first evaporator 51 may include a passenger compartment 81, so as to cool and heat the passenger compartment 81.
The integrated assembly includes an integrated board on which the second condenser 42, the second evaporator 52, the valve assembly, and the flow channel assembly are integrated. Both the second evaporator 52 and the second condenser 42 exchange heat with outside air or other devices inside the vehicle. The second evaporator 52 and the second condenser 42 can exchange heat with the air outside the vehicle through the heat exchanger 7, the liquid cooling pipeline and the radiator. The second evaporator 52 and the second condenser 42 can also exchange heat with other devices in the vehicle through liquid cooling pipelines.
Specifically, in order to make the installation location of each electrical device more compact, the second condenser 42, the second evaporator 52, the throttling assembly, the valve assembly, and the like may be disposed in the same area (i.e., on the board), which enables short pipe routing between each component, thereby not only helping to reduce the occupied space of the heat pump air conditioning system, but also reducing the pressure loss of liquid when the refrigerant circulates along the pipe, and improving the cooling efficiency and the heating efficiency of the heat pump air conditioning system. In addition, devices on the integrated assembly are integrated on the integrated plate, so that the heat pump system is convenient to assemble, and pipelines are reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the flow channel assembly includes an air conditioning pipeline, two condensing flow channels arranged in parallel, and two evaporating flow channels arranged in parallel. The two parallel condensing flow channels are respectively as follows: a first condensation flow passage 12 and a second condensation flow passage 13. The first condenser 41 is disposed on the first condensing flow passage 12, and the second condenser 42 is disposed on the second condensing flow passage 13. The first condensing flow passage 12, the first condenser 41, the second condensing flow passage 13, and the second condenser 42 may form the condensing assembly 4. In addition, the two evaporation flow channels are respectively: a first evaporation flow passage 14 and a second evaporation flow passage 15. The first evaporator 51 is disposed on the first evaporation flow path 14, and the second evaporator 52 is disposed on the second evaporation flow path 15. The first evaporation flow passage 14, the first evaporator 51, the second evaporation flow passage 15, and the second evaporator 52 may form the evaporation assembly 5. The condensing assembly 4, the evaporating assembly 5 and the compressor 3 are connected in sequence through an air conditioner pipeline according to the flowing direction of the refrigerant.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned first condenser 41 is disposed on the first condensation flow channel 12, which means that the first condensation flow channel 12 may be provided with an interface. When the heat pump air conditioning system is assembled, the first condenser 41 may be communicated with the interface of the first condensation flow passage 12. Likewise, the arrangement of the first evaporator 51 on the first evaporation flow channel 14 means that the first evaporation flow channel 14 can be provided with an interface. When the heat pump air conditioning system is assembled, the first evaporator 51 may be communicated with the interface of the first evaporation flow path 14. In addition, the air conditioning pipeline can also be provided with a connector. When the heat pump air conditioning system is assembled, the compressor 3 can be communicated with the interface of the air conditioning pipeline.
Furthermore, the above-mentioned condensation unit 4 and evaporation unit 5 are words having a general meaning that are proposed for convenience of description. The first condenser 41 is not integrated on the board, nor is the first evaporator 51 integrated on the board.
The arrows in fig. 2 indicate the flow direction of the refrigerant in the flow channel assembly. With continued reference to fig. 2, the air conditioning duct may include a first portion 111, a second portion 112, and a third portion 113, the first portion 111 may be connected between the outflow end of the condensing assembly 4 and the inflow end of the evaporating assembly 5, the second portion 112 may be connected between the outflow end of the evaporating assembly 5 and the inflow end of the compressor 3, and the third portion 113 may be connected between the outflow end of the compressor 3 and the inflow end of the condensing assembly 4.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, the valve assembly includes a plurality of valves, and at least one valve can be provided for each of the condensing flow passages and each of the evaporating flow passages. Each valve is used for selectively switching on or off the branch corresponding to the valve when the mode of the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric automobile is switched.
Specifically, since there are a plurality of parallel condensing flow paths and a plurality of parallel evaporating flow paths (the embodiment takes two parallel condensing flow paths and two parallel evaporating flow paths as an example for illustration), a circulation loop can be formed with the compressor 3 as long as one condensing flow path and one evaporating flow path are conducted. A valve disposed in the first condensing flow passage 12, which can turn on or off the first condensing flow passage 12 when switching modes, so that the first condenser 41 on the first condensing flow passage 12 participates in circulation or does not participate in circulation; a valve disposed in the second condensing flow passage 13, which can turn on or off the second condensing flow passage 13 when switching modes, so that the second condenser 42 on the second condensing flow passage 13 participates in circulation or does not participate in circulation; a valve disposed in the first evaporation flow channel 14, which can open or close the first evaporation flow channel 14 when the mode is switched, so that the first evaporator 51 on the first evaporation flow channel 14 participates in circulation or does not participate in circulation; the valve disposed in the second evaporation channel 15 can turn on or off the second evaporation channel 15 when the mode is switched, so that the second evaporator 52 on the second evaporation channel 15 participates in circulation or does not participate in circulation.
In the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric vehicle, the temperature in the passenger compartment 81 is mainly adjusted according to the needs of the passengers in the passenger compartment 81. The heat pump air conditioning system can also regulate the temperature of the battery according to the battery working temperature request.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of heat exchange between a heat exchanger and a second condenser in a heat pump air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the heat exchange objects of the second condenser 42 and the second evaporator 52 may be provided with a plurality of heat exchange objects, at least one of which may be other devices in the vehicle, and at least one of which may be outside air. When the heat exchange target of the second condenser 42 or the second evaporator 52 is the outside air, the outside air refers to: air located outside of the electric vehicle.
Other devices in the vehicle may be batteries, motors, control modules, etc. The embodiment of the invention takes a battery as an example to describe possible modes of the heat pump air conditioning system. For the mode of the heat pump air conditioning system in which other devices in the vehicle, such as the motor and the control module, participate, the battery may be referred to, and details are not repeated here.
The battery may be provided with a battery liquid cooling line 92 on the outside thereof, and the battery liquid cooling line 92 may exchange heat with the battery to adjust the temperature of the battery. The second evaporator 52 may include a first heat exchange line 521 and a second heat exchange line 522. First heat exchange line 521 may exchange heat with second heat exchange line 522. The first heat exchange pipe 521 may be disposed on the second evaporation flow channel 15. The second heat exchange line may be selectively in communication with either the radiator 91 or the battery liquid cooling line 92 via a control valve 93.
Specifically, refrigerant flows through the first heat exchange pipe 521. Flowing through second heat exchange line 522 is a coolant. When the second evaporator 52 is in operation, the temperature of the refrigerant in the first heat exchange line 521 is low. The output of the second heat exchange line 522 may be provided with a control valve 93. When the control valve 93 communicates the second heat exchange line 522 with the radiator 91 and the second evaporator 52 is operated, the first heat exchange line 521 absorbs heat of the air outside the vehicle through the second heat exchange line 522. When the control valve 93 connects the second heat exchange pipeline 522 with the battery liquid cooling pipeline 92 and the second evaporator 52 works, the first heat exchange pipeline 521 absorbs heat of the battery liquid cooling pipeline 92 through the second heat exchange pipeline 522, so as to reduce the temperature of the battery.
Additionally, the second condenser 42 may be a water-cooled condenser. The second condenser 42 may have an internal pipe 421 and an external pipe 422 that exchange heat with each other. The inner pipe 421 may be provided on the second condensing flow passage 13. The external line 422 may be selectively in communication with the radiator 91 or the battery liquid cooling line 92 via the control valve 93.
Specifically, refrigerant flows in the inner line 421, and coolant flows in the outer line 422. When the second condenser is operated, the temperature of its inner pipe 421 is relatively high. The output of the external conduit 422 may be provided with a control valve 93. When control valve 93 communicates external pipe 422 with radiator 91 and second condenser 42 is operated, internal pipe 421 can release heat to the outside air through external pipe 422. When the control valve 93 connects the external pipe 422 with the battery liquid cooling pipe 92 and the second condenser 42 is operated, the internal pipe 421 can release heat to the battery liquid cooling pipe 92 through the external pipe 422, so as to raise the temperature of the battery.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned "internal pipeline" and "external pipeline" are actually inside the second evaporator, and the "internal pipeline" and "external pipeline" are only used for distinguishing different media flowing inside each other.
It should be noted that the reason why the battery selects the liquid cooling heat exchange mode is that the volume of the heat exchanger is smaller than that of the fan. In addition, the air-cooled pipeline needs to be provided with an air inlet or an air outlet for air to flow in the electric automobile, and the air inlet and the air outlet are generally arranged at the front end of the electric automobile. The installation position of the liquid cooling pipeline is more flexible than that of the air cooling pipeline.
The following describes a specific regulation mode of the heat pump air conditioning system for the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 and the temperature of the battery. For the regulation and control mode of the temperature of other electric devices such as a driver, a controller and the like, the regulation and control mode of the battery can be simply deduced by referring to the regulation and control device, and details are not repeated here.
In order to make the heat transfer between the first condenser 41 and the first evaporator 51 and the passenger compartment 81 more direct, i.e., the path of the heat transfer is shorter, the first condenser 41 and the first evaporator 51 may be disposed within the passenger compartment 81. In order to avoid the influence of the second condenser 42 and the second evaporator 52 on the temperature of the passenger compartment 81, the second condenser 42 and the second evaporator 52 may be disposed outside the passenger compartment 81.
Referring to fig. 1-3, embodiments of the present invention may be formed with several temperature control modes as follows:
battery-only cooling mode: the second condensation flow path 13 and the second evaporation flow path 15 are communicated.
The flow direction of the refrigerant is: compressor 3 → second condenser 42 → throttling assembly → second evaporator 52 → compressor 3, and so on. The target of heat exchange of the second condenser 42 is outside air, and the target of heat exchange of the second evaporator 52 is a battery.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat to the outside air through the second condenser 42 and is converted into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant. The refrigerant of medium temperature and high pressure passes through the throttling assembly and the second evaporator 52 to become the refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure, and the temperature of the battery is lowered. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is circulated again through the compressor 3 until the temperature of the battery is lowered to a proper value.
Battery-only heating mode: the second condensation flow path 13 and the second evaporation flow path 15 are communicated.
The flow direction of the refrigerant is: compressor 3 → second condenser 42 → throttling assembly → second evaporator 52 → compressor 3, and so on. The object of heat exchange of the second condenser 42 is a battery, and the object of heat exchange of the second evaporator 52 is outside air.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat to the battery through the second condenser 42, so that the battery is heated and converted into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant through the throttling assembly and the second evaporator 52. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is circulated again through the compressor 3 until the temperature of the battery is raised to a suitable value.
In the battery-only cooling mode and the battery-only heating mode, both the second condenser 42 and the second evaporator 52 are in operation, and the objects of heat transfer of the second condenser 42 and the second evaporator 52 may be the same or different. In the above, the heat transfer objects of the second condenser 42 and the second evaporator 52 are different for illustration, and reference can be made to the case that the heat transfer objects of the second condenser 42 and the second evaporator 52 are the same, and the description is omitted here.
Passenger compartment individual refrigeration mode: the second condensation flow path 13 and the first evaporation flow path 14 are communicated.
The flow direction of the refrigerant is: compressor 3 → second condenser 42 → throttling assembly → first evaporator 51 → compressor 3, and so on. The object of heat exchange by the second condenser 42 is outside air, and the object of heat exchange by the first evaporator 51 is the passenger compartment 81.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat to the outside air through the second condenser 42 and is converted into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant through the throttling assembly and the first evaporator 51, so that the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 is lowered. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is again circulated through the compressor 3 until the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 is lowered to a value set by a passenger or a driver.
Passenger compartment individual heating mode: the first condensation flow path 12 and the second evaporation flow path 15 are communicated.
The flow direction of the refrigerant is: compressor 3 → first condenser 41 → throttling assembly → second evaporator 52 → compressor 3, and so on. The heat exchange target of the first condenser 41 is the passenger compartment 81, and the heat exchange target of the second evaporator 52 is the outside air.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat to the passenger compartment 81 through the first condenser 41, so that the passenger compartment 81 is heated and converted into medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and then the medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is converted into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant through the throttling assembly and the second evaporator 52. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant will again pass through the compressor 3 to circulate the above process until the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 rises to a value calculated by the controller of the vehicle.
Passenger compartment dehumidification mode: the second condensation flow channel 13 and the first evaporation flow channel 14 are first conducted, so that the water vapor in the air in the passenger compartment 81 is condensed into water droplets by reducing the temperature of the passenger compartment 81. When the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 is low, the first condensation flow channel 12 can be conducted again, so that the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 can be raised to a value acceptable to the passenger.
It should be noted that the second condenser 42 can be operated when the second condensing flow passage 13 is conducted. When the second condenser 42 is in operation and the external pipe 422 of the second condenser 42 is in communication with the above-mentioned battery liquid cooling pipe 92, the heat pump air conditioning system is in the passenger compartment dehumidification and battery heating mode. When the second condenser 42 is operated and the external pipe 422 of the second condenser 42 is communicated with the above-mentioned radiator 91, the heat pump air conditioning system is in the passenger compartment dehumidification mode only.
Passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling mode: the second condensing flow path 13 is conducted, the first evaporating flow path 14 is conducted, and the second evaporating flow path 15 is conducted.
There are two circulation circuits for the refrigerant to flow. A first circulation loop: compressor 3 → second condenser 42 → throttling assembly → first evaporator 51 → compressor 3; a second circulation loop: compressor 3 → second condenser 42 → throttling assembly → second evaporator 52 → compressor 3; and the process is circulated. The target of heat exchange of the second condenser 42 is outside air, the target of heat exchange of the first evaporator 51 is the passenger compartment 81, and the target of heat exchange of the second evaporator 52 is a battery.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat to the outside air through the second condenser 42, and is converted into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and then is divided into two parts, one part is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant through the throttling assembly and the first evaporator 51, and the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 is reduced; the other part is converted into refrigerant with low temperature and low pressure through the throttling component and the second evaporator 52, and the temperature of the battery is reduced. The two portions of low temperature and low pressure refrigerant, after being merged, will again pass through the compressor 3 cycle described above until the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 is reduced to a value set by the passenger or driver and/or the temperature of the battery is reduced to a suitable value.
Passenger compartment cooling and battery heating modes: the second condensation flow path 13 is conducted and the first evaporation flow path 14 is conducted.
The flow direction of the refrigerant is: compressor 3 → second condenser 42 → throttling assembly → first evaporator 51 → compressor 3; the object of heat exchange of the second condenser 42 is a battery, and the object of heat exchange of the first evaporator 51 is the passenger compartment 81.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat to the battery through the second condenser 42, so that the battery is heated and converted into medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and then the medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is converted into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant through the throttling assembly and the first evaporator 51, so that the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 is lowered. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant will again pass through the compressor 3 to circulate the above process until the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 is reduced to a value set by the passenger or driver; and/or the temperature of the battery is increased to a value controlled by a controller of the vehicle.
Heating of the passenger compartment and cooling of the battery: the first condensation flow path 12 is conducted and the second evaporation flow path 15 is conducted.
The flow direction of the refrigerant is: compressor 3 → first condenser 41 → throttling assembly → second evaporator 52 → compressor 3; the heat exchange target of the first condenser 41 is the passenger compartment 81, and the heat exchange target of the second evaporator 52 is the battery.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat to the passenger compartment 81 through the first condenser 41, so that the passenger compartment 81 is heated and converted into medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and then the medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is converted into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant through the throttling assembly and the second evaporator 52, and the battery is cooled. The low temperature and low pressure refrigerant will again pass through the compressor 3 cycle described above until the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 rises to a value set by the passenger or driver and/or the temperature of the battery drops to a suitable value.
Heating the passenger compartment and the battery simultaneously: the first condensation flow path 12 is conducted, the second condensation flow path 13 is conducted, and the second evaporation flow path 15 is conducted.
There are two circulation circuits for the refrigerant to flow. A first circulation loop: compressor 3 → first condenser 41 → throttling assembly → second evaporator 52 → compressor 3; a second circulation loop: compressor 3 → second condenser 42 → throttling assembly → second evaporator 52 → compressor 3; and the process is circulated. The heat exchange target of the first condenser 41 is the passenger compartment 81, the heat exchange target of the second condenser 42 is the battery, and the heat exchange target of the second evaporator 52 is the outside air.
Specifically, the compressor 3 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is divided into two parts, and one part of the refrigerant passes through the first condenser 41 to release heat to the passenger compartment 81, so that the passenger compartment 81 is warmed. Another portion releases heat to the battery through the second condenser 42 to warm the battery. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passes through the first condenser 41 and the second condenser 42 and then is converted into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and then the medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passes through the throttling assembly and the second evaporator 52 and is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant passes through the compressor 3 again, and the above-described process is circulated until the temperature of the passenger compartment 81 rises to a value set by a passenger or a driver and/or the temperature of the battery rises to a suitable value.
With reference to the above, a passenger compartment dehumidification and battery cooling mode, and a passenger compartment dehumidification and battery heating mode may also be included. Namely, when the passenger compartment dehumidifies and the second evaporator works, the second evaporator can cool the battery. When the passenger compartment is dehumidified and the second condenser is operated, the second condenser may warm the battery.
Optionally, in order to know the actual temperature and pressure conditions at each critical position in the heat pump air conditioning system, it is determined whether the temperature control effect needs to be adjusted next step. The heat pump air conditioning system can also be provided with sensors at each key position, and a temperature and pressure sensor can be arranged at the air outlet of the compressor 3 to detect the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant output by the compressor 3. A temperature sensor can be arranged on the surface of the battery or the liquid cooling pipeline of the battery to be used for detecting the temperature of the surface of the battery or the liquid cooling pipeline of the battery. And feeds back the temperature to the controller so that the controller adjusts the battery temperature. The above illustrated key locations are merely exemplary and the present application is not limited to only these key locations.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the valve assembly may optionally comprise a plurality of shut-off valves 21, one shut-off valve 21 may be provided for each branch where the condenser is located, and each shut-off valve 21 may be located upstream of the corresponding condenser to avoid unnecessary heat loss.
Optionally, the valve assembly comprises a plurality of check valves 22, each condenser is provided with a check valve 22 in the branch, and each check valve 22 is located downstream of the corresponding condenser, so as to limit the flow direction of the refrigerant in the circulation circuit and avoid the occurrence of backflow phenomenon
Alternatively, the valve assembly may comprise a plurality of expansion valves 23, one expansion valve 23 being provided in each branch of the evaporator, and each expansion valve 23 being located upstream of the corresponding evaporator. The expansion valve 23 in each evaporation flow passage serves to cut off and open the evaporation flow passage while serving to reduce the pressure (i.e., the function of the above-mentioned throttle assembly).
In order to ensure the dryness of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 3, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the heat pump air conditioning system may optionally further include a heat exchanger 7, and the heat exchanger 7 may have a first passage 71 and a second passage 72. Heat exchange is performed between the first passage 71 and the second passage 72. The first passage 71 may be disposed on the air-conditioning duct between the condensing module 4 and the evaporating module 5. The second passage 72 may be provided on the air-conditioning duct between the evaporation assembly 5 and the compressor 3.
Specifically, a relatively high-temperature refrigerant flows through the first path 71, and a relatively low-temperature refrigerant flows through the second path 72. The first passage 71 and the second passage 72 exchange heat, so that the dryness of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 3 can be improved, and the supercooling degree and the superheat degree of the heat pump air conditioning system can also be improved.
Optionally, the heat pump air conditioning system may further include a liquid storage 6, where the liquid storage 6 is disposed on the flow channel assembly between the condensing assembly 4 and the evaporating assembly, and is used for filtering out impurities, moisture, and the like in the refrigerant, so as to purify the refrigerant. In addition, the accumulator 6 may also store refrigerant.
Example two
The utility model provides an electric automobile, includes passenger cabin, preceding cabin and electric automobile's as above heat pump air conditioning system, electric automobile's heat pump air conditioning system includes heat exchange assemblies, integrated component and compressor, and heat exchange assemblies sets up in passenger cabin, and integrated component and compressor setting are in electric automobile's preceding cabin.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
The terms "upper" and "lower" are used for describing relative positions of the structures in the drawings, and are only for the sake of clarity, but not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship changes or adjustments are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention without substantial technical changes.
It should be noted that: in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In addition, in the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pump air-conditioning system of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising a heat exchange assembly, an integrated assembly and a compressor;
the heat exchange assembly comprises a first condenser and a first evaporator which exchange heat with a passenger compartment of the electric automobile;
the integrated assembly comprises an integrated plate, and a second condenser, a second evaporator, a valve assembly and a flow channel assembly are integrated on the integrated plate;
the flow channel assembly comprises an air conditioner pipeline, two condensation flow channels arranged in parallel and two evaporation flow channels arranged in parallel, and the first condenser and the second condenser are respectively arranged on the two condensation flow channels to form a condensation assembly; the first evaporator and the second evaporator are respectively arranged on the two evaporation flow channels to form an evaporation assembly; the condensation assembly, the evaporation assembly and the compressor are sequentially connected through the air conditioner pipeline according to the flowing direction of the refrigerant;
the valve component comprises a plurality of valves, at least one valve is arranged in each evaporation flow channel and each condensation flow channel, and each valve is used for selectively conducting or stopping a branch corresponding to the valve when the mode of the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric automobile is switched.
2. The heat pump air conditioning system of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the valve assembly comprises a plurality of shut-off valves, at least one shut-off valve being provided for each condensing flow passage, each shut-off valve being located upstream of a corresponding condenser.
3. The heat pump air conditioning system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2,
the valve component comprises a plurality of one-way valves, each condensing flow channel is provided with one-way valve, and each one-way valve is positioned at the downstream of the corresponding condenser.
4. The heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the valve assembly comprises a plurality of expansion valves, one expansion valve is provided for each evaporation flow passage, and each expansion valve is located upstream of the corresponding evaporator.
5. The heat pump air conditioning system of the electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the integrated module further comprises a reservoir disposed on the air conditioning duct between the condensing module and the evaporating module.
6. The heat pump air conditioning system of the electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the integrated module further comprises a heat exchanger having a first passage and a second passage in heat exchange with each other, the first passage being provided on the air conditioning duct between the condensing module and the evaporating module, and the second passage being provided on the air conditioning duct between the evaporating module and the compressor.
7. The heat pump air conditioning system of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second evaporator has a first heat exchange line and a second heat exchange line that exchange heat with each other;
the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the air conditioner pipeline;
the second heat exchange pipeline is selectively communicated with a liquid cooling pipeline of a radiator or other devices in the vehicle through a control valve.
8. The heat pump air conditioning system of claim 7, wherein the second condenser is a water-cooled condenser, the second condenser has an inner pipe and an outer pipe in heat exchange with each other, the inner pipe is communicated with the air-conditioning pipe, and the outer pipe is selectively communicated with a radiator or a liquid cooling pipe of other devices in the vehicle through a control valve.
9. The heat pump air conditioning system for electric vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising:
a first mode in which the second condenser, the second evaporator, and the compressor form a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a second mode in which the second condenser, the first evaporator, and the compressor form a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a third mode in which the condensing assembly, the first evaporator, and the compressor form a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a fourth mode in which the condensing assembly, the evaporating assembly, and the compressor form a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a fifth mode in which the first condenser, the first evaporator, and the compressor form a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a sixth mode in which the condensing assembly, the second evaporator, and the compressor form a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a seventh mode, the second condenser, the evaporation assembly, and the compressor forming a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
an eighth mode in which the first condenser, the evaporation assembly, and the compressor form a circulation loop; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in a ninth mode, the first condenser, the second evaporator, and the compressor form a circulation loop.
10. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising a passenger compartment, a front compartment and the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heat pump air conditioning system of the electric vehicle comprises a heat exchange assembly, an integration assembly and a compressor, the heat exchange assembly is arranged in the passenger compartment, and the integration assembly and the compressor are arranged in the front compartment of the electric vehicle.
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