CN113813993A - High selectivity Ag2C2O4/Ag2Preparation of O composite catalyst and application thereof in ethylbenzene oxidation - Google Patents
High selectivity Ag2C2O4/Ag2Preparation of O composite catalyst and application thereof in ethylbenzene oxidation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113813993A CN113813993A CN202111186139.6A CN202111186139A CN113813993A CN 113813993 A CN113813993 A CN 113813993A CN 202111186139 A CN202111186139 A CN 202111186139A CN 113813993 A CN113813993 A CN 113813993A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
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- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/33—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties
- C07C45/34—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds
- C07C45/36—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds in compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-selectivity Ag2C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst and the application of the O composite catalyst in the ethylbenzene oxidation comprises the following steps: s1: dissolving silver salt in deionized water to form a solution A; s2: dissolving oxalic acid in deionized water to form a solution B; s3: and slowly adding the solution B in the S2 into the solution A under the stirring state at room temperature to react, wherein white precipitates are continuously generated in the reaction process. After the reaction is finished, keeping the stirring state, standing and aging the mixture for 4 hours, and then obtaining the Ag after suction filtration, washing and drying2C2O4A material; s4: will S3 Ag obtained from2C2O4Calcining at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ in a tubular reaction furnace to obtain the Ag2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst. The catalyst has the advantages of high acetophenone selectivity, recyclability and the like in the preparation of acetophenone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acetophenone preparation, in particular to high-selectivity Ag2C2O4/Ag2Preparation of O composite catalyst and its application in ethylbenzene oxidation.
Background
Acetophenone is an important organic synthesis intermediate. In general, air and oxygen are commonly used as oxidants in industry, and acetophenone is produced by high-temperature catalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene. The catalyst used in the method is mostly a cobalt-based catalyst, such as cobalt acetate, cobalt nitrate and the like. Cobalt-based catalysts, however, have poor catalytic efficiency and, in particular, low product selectivity (usually accompanied by a-phenylethanol byproduct, resulting in acetophenone selectivity of less than 85%). Moreover, the cobalt-based catalyst cannot be recycled, so that the industrial cost is increased.
Considering silver-based catalysts (such as simple substance silver, silver nitrate, silver oxide, silver oxalate, silver phosphate, silver sulfate, silver carbonate and the like) and compounds thereof, in the catalytic oxidation process of ethylbenzene, the generation of peroxy radicals can be accelerated, and the efficient conversion of ethylbenzene is realized; in addition, the silver-based catalyst and the compound thereof have better reaction capability and electron transfer capability under the action of heat, can effectively realize the side chain reaction of a benzene ring, and improve the selectivity of acetophenone. Therefore, the invention provides Ag2C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst is applied to a system for preparing acetophenone by the catalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene. Ag related to the present invention2C2O4/Ag2The O composite catalyst has the characteristics of high selectivity and recyclability, and has a wide industrial application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides high-selectivity Ag2C2O4/Ag2The preparation of the O composite catalyst and the application of the O composite catalyst in the ethylbenzene oxidation have the advantages of high acetophenone selectivity, recycling and the like in the acetophenone preparation.
The high-selectivity Ag provided by the invention2C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving silver salt in deionized water to form a solution A;
s2: dissolving oxalic acid in deionized water to form a solution B;
s3: adding the solution B in the S2 into the solution A under the stirring state at room temperature, reacting, keeping the stirring state, and standing and aging the mixture for 3-5 h. Then, the Ag is obtained after suction filtration, washing and drying2C2O4；
S4: mixing Ag in S32C2O4Calcining the material in a tubular reaction furnace to obtain Ag2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
Preferably, the silver salt is silver nitrate, and the concentration of the solution A is 1-4 mol/L.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the oxalic acid in the solution B is 0.5-2 mol/L.
Preferably, the reaction time in S3 is 25-35 min.
Preferably, the calcination condition in S4 is to perform the pyrolysis reaction in an air atmosphere, and the temperature rise rate is 2-5 ℃/min. The pyrolysis temperature is 120-. After the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced for 1.5 to 2.5 hours to room temperature to obtain Ag2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
The high-selectivity Ag prepared by the method provided by the invention2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
The invention provides the high-selectivity Ag2C2O4/Ag2O composite catalyst inApplication of benzene oxidation in preparing acetophenone is provided.
Preferably, the method for preparing acetophenone by catalyzing the oxidation of ethylbenzene by the composite catalyst comprises the following steps: mixing ethylbenzene with Ag2C2O4/Ag2Adding the O composite catalyst into a reactor for reaction, filtering the mixture at normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is finished, carrying out alkali washing and liquid separation on the filtrate, and distilling the upper layer of liquid to obtain the acetophenone.
Preferably, the Ag is2C2O4/Ag2The dosage of the O composite catalyst is 2-3% of the mol weight of the ethylbenzene.
Preferably, the reaction conditions are: the stirring speed is 250rpm, air is used as an oxygen source, the gas flow rate is kept at 100mL/min, the reaction temperature is 120 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 h.
Mechanism of action
In general, Ag2Catalytic performance of O compared to Ag2C2O4Poor, therefore directly convert Ag2C2O4With Ag2The use of O in combination results in a decrease in the catalytic performance of the catalyst. However, for the application, the catalytic performance of the prepared composite catalyst in the preparation of acetophenone by ethylbenzene oxidation is improved to a certain extent, because the Ag prepared in the invention2C2O4/Ag2The O composite catalyst has a key promoting effect on the generation of free radicals. The peroxy radicals formed on the surface of the catalyst will deprive the substrate of hydrogen and accelerate the radical reaction process, thus driving the reaction to proceed. Ag2C2O4/Ag2The mechanism of the enhanced catalytic efficiency of the O composite material is as follows: (1) under heating, Ag2Electrons in O are excited and transferred to Ag2C2O4Surface, composite catalyst activates O adsorbed on the surface2And accelerate the formation of active oxygen. Then, Ag2C2O4Electrons on the surface are captured by active oxygen to form peroxy radicals; when the catalyst contacts with ethylbenzene, peroxy radicals will deprive hydrogen in ethylbenzene to generate corresponding hydroperoxide and ethylbenzene radical products to promote oxidationThe reaction can occur efficiently. (2) Ag2C2O4/Ag2The O catalyst effectively reduces the reaction energy barrier, so that the ethylbenzene can realize high-efficiency conversion under mild conditions. (3) Ag2C2O4Ag formed after calcination2C2O4/Ag2The porosity of the O composite catalyst is enhanced, thereby improving the selectivity of the acetophenone.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects
(1) In the invention, the prepared Ag2C2O4Calcining the material at high temperature, and controlling the pyrolysis temperature and time to ensure that part of Ag is formed2C2O4Decompose to form Ag2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst. The method improves Ag2C2O4The material is unstable at high temperature, and the specific surface area of the calcined material is increased, so that the contact reaction between the substrate and the catalyst is facilitated. The catalyst has the characteristics of high activity, high selectivity and high stability, and has a good industrial application prospect.
(2) Ag for use in the present invention2C2O4/Ag2The O composite catalyst has good stability and is not easy to inactivate in the process of ethylbenzene catalytic oxidation reaction, thereby realizing the recycling of the catalyst, and Ag2C2O4/Ag2The retention rate of the acetophenone yield after the O composite catalyst is circulated for 5 times is more than 96 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Ag according to the present invention2C2O4TG plot under air atmosphere;
FIG. 2 shows Ag obtained after calcination at different temperatures according to the present invention2C2O4/Ag2XRD pattern of O composite catalyst;
in FIG. 3, a to e are gas chromatograms of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively.
Detailed Description
The method for detecting the ethylbenzene conversion rate and the acetophenone selectivity adopts gas chromatography quantitative analysis (Agilent 6890N gas chromatograph). The chromatographic analysis conditions were: the temperature of the gasification chamber is 280 ℃; FID detection, detector temperature 260 ℃; the column temperature was programmed to 80 ℃ initially and increased to 130 ℃ at a rate of 25 ℃/min. And (5) detecting results, quantitatively analyzing the characteristic peaks of the ethylbenzene and the acetophenone, and calculating to obtain the ethylbenzene conversion rate and the acetophenone selectivity. Silver nitrate, oxalic acid and the like in the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-selectivity silver composite catalyst and an application of the high-selectivity silver composite catalyst in ethylbenzene oxidation, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving silver nitrate in deionized water to form a solution A, wherein the concentration of the solution A is 2 mol/L;
s2: dissolving oxalic acid in deionized water to form a solution B, wherein the concentration of an oxalic acid aqueous solution is 1 mol/L;
s3: the solution B in S2 was slowly added to the solution A with stirring at room temperature, whereupon a precipitate continuously formed. After the reaction is finished, the mixture is kept in a stirring state and stands for aging for 4 hours. Then carrying out suction filtration and washing, and finally drying in a constant temperature blast drying oven at 90 ℃ to obtain Ag2C2O4A material;
s4: and (3) carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the material in the S3 in the air atmosphere in a tubular reaction furnace, wherein the heating rate is 3 ℃/min. The pyrolysis temperature is 160 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.0h, and Ag is obtained after calcination2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
The method for applying the high-selectivity silver composite catalyst in the preparation of acetophenone by ethylbenzene oxidation comprises the following steps: 100mL of ethylbenzene and 2.4% of Ag of the molar amount of the ethylbenzene are added2C2O4/Ag2Adding the O composite catalyst into the reactor for reaction. The reaction conditions were: the stirring speed is 250rpm, air is used as an oxygen source, the gas flow rate is kept at 100mL/min, the reaction temperature is 120 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 hours. And after the reaction is finished, filtering the mixture at normal temperature and normal pressure, performing alkali washing and liquid separation on the filtrate, distilling the upper layer of liquid, collecting ethylbenzene fraction at about 140 ℃, and collecting acetophenone fraction at about 202 ℃. The product is subjected to gas chromatographyAnalysis and detection prove that the ethylbenzene conversion rate is 56.7%, the acetophenone selectivity is 96.5%, and the acetophenone yield retention rate reaches 96.2% after 5 times of circulation.
Example 2
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-selectivity silver composite catalyst and an application of the high-selectivity silver composite catalyst in ethylbenzene oxidation, and the method comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a preparation method of a high-selectivity silver composite catalyst and an application of the high-selectivity silver composite catalyst in ethylbenzene oxidation, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving silver nitrate in deionized water to form a solution A, wherein the concentration of the silver nitrate is 4 mol/L;
s2: dissolving oxalic acid in deionized water under a slightly-heated condition to form a solution B, wherein the concentration of an oxalic acid aqueous solution is 2 mol/L;
s3: the solution B in S2 was slowly added to the solution A with stirring, and precipitation was generated. After the reaction is finished, the mixture is kept in a stirring state and stands for aging for 4 hours. Then carrying out suction filtration and washing, and finally drying in a constant temperature blast drying oven at 90 ℃ to obtain Ag2C2O4A material;
s4: and (3) carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the material in the S3 in the air atmosphere in a tubular reaction furnace, wherein the heating rate is 2 ℃/min. The pyrolysis temperature is 180 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.0h, and Ag is obtained after calcination2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
The method for applying the high-selectivity silver composite catalyst in the preparation of acetophenone by ethylbenzene oxidation comprises the following steps: 100mL of ethylbenzene and 2.4% of Ag of the molar amount of the ethylbenzene are added2C2O4/Ag2Adding an O composite catalyst into a reactor for reaction, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: stirring at 250rpm, taking air as an oxygen source, keeping the gas flow rate at 100mL/min, the reaction temperature at 120 ℃ and the reaction time at 24h, filtering the mixture at normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is finished, carrying out alkaline washing and liquid separation on the filtrate, distilling the upper layer of liquid, collecting ethylbenzene fraction at about 140 ℃, and collecting acetophenone fraction at about 202 ℃. The product is analyzed and detected by gas chromatography, and the result shows that the conversion rate of the ethylbenzene is 61.8 percent, and the acetophenone isThe selectivity is 97.2 percent, and the acetophenone yield retention rate reaches 97.5 percent after 5 times of circulation.
Example 3
The high-selectivity Ag provided by the invention2C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst and the application of the O composite catalyst in the ethylbenzene oxidation comprises the following steps:
the high-selectivity Ag provided by the invention2C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst and the application of the O composite catalyst in the ethylbenzene oxidation comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving silver nitrate in deionized water to form a solution A, wherein the concentration of the silver nitrate is 3 mol/L;
s2: dissolving oxalic acid in deionized water to form a solution B, wherein the concentration of an oxalic acid aqueous solution is 1.5 mol/L;
s3: the solution B in S2 was slowly added to the solution A with stirring at room temperature, whereupon a precipitate continuously formed. After the reaction is finished, the mixture is kept in a stirring state and stands for aging for 4 hours. Then carrying out suction filtration and washing, and finally drying in a constant temperature blast drying oven at 90 ℃ to obtain Ag2C2O4A material;
s4: and (3) carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the material in the S3 in the air atmosphere in a tubular reaction furnace, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. The pyrolysis temperature is 140 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.0h, and Ag is obtained after calcination2C2O4/Ag2And (3) an O catalyst.
The method for applying the high-selectivity silver composite catalyst in the preparation of acetophenone by ethylbenzene oxidation comprises the following steps: 100mL of ethylbenzene and 2.4% of Ag of the molar amount of the ethylbenzene are added2C2O4/Ag2Adding an O composite catalyst into a reactor for reaction, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: stirring at 250rpm, taking air as an oxygen source, keeping the gas flow rate at 100mL/min, the reaction temperature at 120 ℃ and the reaction time at 24h, filtering the mixture at normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is finished, carrying out alkaline washing and liquid separation on the filtrate, distilling the upper layer of liquid, collecting ethylbenzene fraction at about 140 ℃, and collecting acetophenone fraction at about 202 ℃. The product is analyzed and detected by gas chromatography, and the result shows that the ethylbenzene is obtainedThe conversion rate is 48.7%, the selectivity of the acetophenone is 94.5%, and the yield retention rate of the acetophenone reaches 94.6% after 5 times of circulation.
Comparative example 1
The Ag obtained in the step of S32C2O4The material was used directly in ethylbenzene oxidation reaction under the same conditions as in example 3, indicating that the ethylbenzene conversion was 43.6% and the acetophenone selectivity was 92.4%.
Comparative example 2
The Ag obtained in the step of S32C2O4Calcining the material at 170 ℃ for 6h to obtain Ag2The O material, subsequently used in the ethylbenzene oxidation reaction, was identical to that of example 3 except that the conversion of ethylbenzene was 22.5% and the selectivity to acetophenone was 80.2%.
FIG. 1 shows Ag2C2O4The thermal decomposition curve in the air atmosphere shows that Ag2C2O4The thermal decomposition in the air only has a one-time weight loss process, the weight loss temperature range is 164.8-238.2 ℃, and the weight loss rate is 28.8%. The whole weight loss process is violent and corresponds to Ag2C2O4Decomposing to produce Ag2O。
FIG. 2 shows Ag prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures2C2O4/Ag2XRD pattern of O composite. As can be seen from the figure, the pyrolysis temperature is lower (less than or equal to 120 ℃), and the diffraction peaks at 17.27 degrees, 29.81 degrees, 32.46 degrees, 51.68 degrees and the like of 2 theta are stronger and basically consistent with the standard PDF- #22-1335 of silver oxalate (marked by # in the figure); removing original Ag along with the increase of pyrolysis temperature2C2O4Besides diffraction peaks, the sample has new strong diffraction peaks at the 2 theta of 38.68 degrees, 50.43 degrees, 60.50 degrees, 66.83 degrees and the like, and the strong diffraction peaks are matched with Ag2The standard PDF- #19-1155 for O is essentially identical (marked by an index symbol in the figure), and it can be shown that Ag is obtained by pyrolysis2C2O4/Ag2And (3) an O composite material.
FIG. 3 is a gas chromatogram of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, in which the peak appearance order of each substance in the chromatogram is ethylbenzene, acetophenone and phenethyl alcohol, and the separation degree of each peak is better.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. High selectivity Ag2C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dissolving silver salt in deionized water to form a solution A;
s2: dissolving oxalic acid in deionized water to form a solution B;
s3: adding the solution B in the S2 into the solution A under the stirring state at room temperature, reacting, keeping the stirring state, and standing and aging the mixture for 3-5 h. Then, the Ag is obtained after suction filtration, washing and drying2C2O4；
S4: mixing Ag in S32C2O4Calcining the material in a tubular reaction furnace to obtain Ag2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
2. Highly selective Ag according to claim 12C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst is characterized in that the silver salt is silver nitrate, and the concentration of the solution A is 1-4 mol/L.
3. Highly selective Ag according to claim 12C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst is characterized in that the molar concentration of oxalic acid in the solution B is 0.5-2 mol/L.
4. Highly selective Ag according to claim 12C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst is characterized in that the reaction time in the S3 is 25-35 min.
5. Highly selective Ag according to claim 12C2O4/Ag2The preparation method of the O composite catalyst is characterized in that the calcination condition in S4 is that the pyrolysis reaction is carried out in the air atmosphere, and the heating rate is 2-5 ℃/min. The pyrolysis temperature is 120-. After the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced for 1.5 to 2.5 hours to room temperature to obtain Ag2C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
6. Highly selective Ag prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 52C2O4/Ag2And (3) O composite catalyst.
7. Highly selective Ag according to claim 62C2O4/Ag2The application of the O composite catalyst in preparing acetophenone by oxidizing ethylbenzene.
8. Highly selective Ag according to claim 72C2O4/Ag2The application of the O composite catalyst in preparing the acetophenone by oxidizing the ethylbenzene is characterized in that the method for preparing the acetophenone by catalyzing the ethylbenzene oxidation by the composite catalyst comprises the following steps: mixing ethylbenzene with Ag2C2O4/Ag2Adding the O composite catalyst into a reactor for reaction, filtering the mixture at normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is finished, carrying out alkali washing and liquid separation on the filtrate, and distilling the upper layer of liquid to obtain the acetophenone.
9. Highly selective Ag according to claim 82C2O4/Ag2The application of the O composite catalyst in preparing acetophenone by oxidizing ethylbenzene is characterized in that Ag is used2C2O4/Ag2The dosage of the O composite catalyst is 2-3% of the mol weight of the ethylbenzene.
10. Highly selective Ag according to claim 82C2O4/Ag2The application of the O composite catalyst in preparing acetophenone by oxidizing ethylbenzene is characterized in that the reaction conditions are as follows: the stirring speed is 250rpm, air is used as an oxygen source, the gas flow rate is kept at 100mL/min, the reaction temperature is 120 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 h.
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| CN111632576A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-09-08 | 北京林业大学 | Method for preparing material with adsorption and catalysis functions by adopting agricultural and forestry wastes |
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| CN111632576A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-09-08 | 北京林业大学 | Method for preparing material with adsorption and catalysis functions by adopting agricultural and forestry wastes |
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