CN113813960B - Dual-function powder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Dual-function powder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113813960B
CN113813960B CN202110952393.6A CN202110952393A CN113813960B CN 113813960 B CN113813960 B CN 113813960B CN 202110952393 A CN202110952393 A CN 202110952393A CN 113813960 B CN113813960 B CN 113813960B
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powder
flue gas
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mass ratio
double
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CN113813960A (en
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沈岳松
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • B01J23/888—Tungsten
    • B01J23/8885—Tungsten containing also molybdenum
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/8609—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/66—Silver or gold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/889—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/8892—Manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases

Abstract

The invention provides a double-function powder and a preparation method and application thereof, which are characterized by comprising a catalysis component and a reduction component, wherein the mass ratio of the catalysis component to the reduction component is 1: (0.1-20) mixing and ball milling to obtain the product; the catalytic component is one or more of transition metal oxide, noble metal or metal ion exchange type molecular sieves and light rare earth ore metal are used as active components, industrial waste residues with high specific surface area are used as carriers, and the metal ion exchange type molecular sieves are one or more of the transition metal and noble metal active components; the reducing component is composite reducing functional powder prepared by mixing active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder or rubber powder. The DCR purification technology is suitable for simultaneous denitration and desulfurization treatment of coal-fired flue gas, has high denitration and desulfurization efficiency, does not need ammonia and urea injection, has the advantages of environment-friendly whole process, low operation cost, simple process, no secondary pollution and no corrosion to equipment.

Description

Dual-function powder and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-function powder and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a double-function powder containing catalytic and reduction double components, a preparation method thereof and an application method for dynamically catalyzing and removing NOx and SOx, belonging to the technical fields of atmospheric pollution control, industrial pollution emission reduction, environmental catalytic materials and the like.
Background
NO x And SO x Is the main cause of haze, acid rain and worsening the atmospheric quality, and is the key point of atmospheric pollution control. With the increasing strictness of the criticizing index, NO x The main development process of the treatment technology is as follows: low nitrogen combustion technology- & gt selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology- & gt selective catalytic reduction technology, and the denitration effects of the three technologies are as follows: SCR > SNCR > low-nitrogen combustion, wherein the SCR denitration technology has high efficiency and good stability, becomes the mainstream technology and development direction of industrial flue gas denitration at home and abroad at present, and has the technical core thatThe denitration catalyst is integrally filled. SO (SO) x The main treatment technology is wet, dry and semi-dry desulfurization technology. At present, the denitration and desulfuration of industrial coal-fired flue gas mainly adopts a sectional integration process of denitration and desulfuration, although NO can be realized x And SO x The ultra-low emission of the integrated process meets the environmental protection requirement, but the existing integrated process has large occupied space, high investment cost and high operation cost, brings huge economic pressure to enterprise users, and is urgently needed to carry out low-cost technical innovation. In addition, the existing SCR denitration technology is difficult to stably operate under complex smoke in the non-electric industry.
In recent years, researches on a process and related health materials for simultaneously denitrating and desulfurizing flue gas have been reported, and the process and the related health materials are represented as follows:
patent (ZL 201510098577.5) discloses a denitration desulfurization dust collector of burning flue gas and method thereof, wherein the device is connected with at least one denitration desulfurization dust removal module in order according to burning flue gas flow direction, and every denitration desulfurization dust removal module is including gas mixing unit and the air cleaning unit who connects in order, gas mixing unit includes gas mixing inner chamber and flue gas import and the air inlet that communicates with gas mixing inner chamber, the air cleaning unit includes the flue gas export, flue gas export and the flue gas import intercommunication of next grade denitration desulfurization dust removal module. The method for denitration, desulfuration and dust removal provided by the invention utilizes air and water step denitration to remove particles cleanly and greatly reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxide compounds, and the system can be used for removing sulfides by introducing various wet desulfurization methods.
Patent (ZL 201810668695.9) discloses a high-efficiency denitration desulfurizing agent prepared by using carboxymethyl chitosan, urea, ammonium carbonate, dicyandiamide and water as raw materials, and the method for mainly denitration desulfurizing by taking ammonia obtained from different ammonia sources is adopted in practice.
The patent (ZL 201710839256.5) discloses a flue gas denitration, desulfuration and dust removal process, which is implemented by introducing a coarse particle desulfurizing agent into flue gas from a combustion device, and introducing the flue gas into a denitration reactor after pre-desulfurization; and the flue gas after denitration enters air/flue gas heat exchange and cooling. The cooled flue gas enters a dry desulfurizing tower after being subjected to humidity adjustment, and the dry desulfurizing tower uses dry powder desulfurizing agent; the desulfurized flue gas containing the reacted desulfurizing agent and other dust enters a bag-type dust remover for dust removal, hot air from an air/flue gas heat exchanger is mixed with the flue gas before or after the dust remover, and the flue gas after purification and the hot air mixing is led into a chimney for emission. The patent mainly adopts a process of sectionally integrating a desulfurizing tower, a denitration reactor and a bag-type dust remover.
Patent (ZL 201310703127.5) discloses a honeycomb low-temperature synchronous desulfurization and denitrification catalyst and a preparation method thereof, wherein the catalyst is prepared by a traditional fixed bed process, and has large occupied space and high investment cost.
The patent (ZL 201210369470.6) discloses a method for desulfurizing and denitrating flue gas simultaneously, which comprises the steps of generating a large amount of active substances in the flue gas under ultraviolet radiation and SO in the flue gas 2 And NO x The reaction is carried out to generate two important industrial products of stable sulfuric acid and nitric acid, thereby achieving the purpose of simultaneously removing SO 2 And NO x Is effective in (1).
Patent (ZL 200710067082.1) discloses a method for combined desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas, wherein the flue gas to be treated enters a photocatalytic reactor, and NO in the flue gas is oxidized into NO under the action of ultraviolet light and a catalyst 2 The flue gas after oxidation reaction enters a double-alkali absorption reactor, and SO in the flue gas 2 Absorbed by alkali liquor, na in the product 2 SO 3 NO in the flue gas 2 Reaction of NO 2 Reduction to N 2 And (5) discharging.
The representative patent technology mostly adopts a sectional integrated denitration and desulfurization process route, and most of the technology is established on the traditional denitration and desulfurization process which takes ammonia as a reducing agent or alkali liquor as an absorbent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to meet the great demands of comprehensive treatment of atmospheric pollution and emission reduction of industrial pollutants, creatively provides a double-function powder containing catalytic and reduction double components aiming at the problems of high investment, large occupied space, high running cost, ammonia escape, secondary pollution of waste denitration catalyst, innocent treatment and the like existing in the sectional integrated process of denitration and desulfurization used for the existing industrial coal-fired flue gas, and provides a preparation method of the double-function powder.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the double-function powder is characterized by comprising a catalytic component and a reducing component, wherein the mass ratio of the catalytic component to the reducing component is 1: (0.1-20); the catalytic component is one or more of transition metal oxide, noble metal or metal ion exchange type molecular sieves and light rare earth ore metal are used as active components, industrial waste residues with high specific surface area are used as carriers, and the metal ion exchange type molecular sieves are one or more of the transition metal and noble metal active components; the reducing component is composite reducing functional powder prepared by mixing active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder or rubber powder, wherein the mass ratio of the active carbon powder to the melamine to the plastic powder to the rubber powder is 1: (0.1-10): (0.1-10): (0.1-10).
Preferably, the light rare earth metal is at least one of La or Ce; the transition metal oxide being at least WO 3 、SnO 2 、MoO 3 、CoO、V 2 O 5 、CuO、TiO 2 、ZrO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 、MnO 2 、NiO、Al 2 O 3 Or ZnO; the noble metal is at least one of Pt, ru, pd, au or Ag; the industrial waste residue with high specific surface area is one or more of fly ash, steel slag powder, red mud powder or carbide slag.
Preferably, the mass of the active component in the catalytic component accounts for 1-30% of the mass of the carrier, wherein the mass ratio of the light rare earth metal to other active components is 1 (0.1-10).
The invention also provides a method for preparing the double-function powder, which is characterized in that the catalytic component and the reducing component are mixed and ball-milled according to the metering ratio, and the double-function powder with the particle size of 80-300 meshes is prepared by grinding through mechanochemical action.
The invention also provides the double-layer structureApplication of functional powder in denitration and desulfurization of coal-fired flue gas, and dynamic catalytic removal (Dynamic Catalytic Removal, DCR) NO for short x And SO x . The method comprises the following specific steps: spraying double-function powder with reduction and catalysis in the 150-500 deg.c flue area, and under the convection impact of fume, the double-function powder is blown away to contact with fume to adsorb and capture NO x And SO x And promote them to undergo rapid catalytic reaction to produce harmless N 2 Steam, CO 2 Sulfate or sulfurous acid, thereby realizing high-efficiency denitration and desulfurization at the same time.
Preferably the spraying quality of the above-mentioned dual-function powder and SO treatment 2 The mass ratio is 1000 (20-500), and the NO treatment x The mass ratio of (3) is 1000 (17-300). The dual-function powder preparation SO 2 And NO x The capacity of the powder is 20-500 g SO per kg of dual-function powder 2 And 17 to 300g of NO x The actual spraying amount of the dual-function powder is along with NO in the flue gas x And SO 2 And the concentration and the smoke amount of the smoke vary. The effective activity using temperature is 100-500 ℃, and the applicable flue gas flow rate is 1-7 m/s.
The DCR denitration and desulfuration integrated application method is mainly applied to denitration and desulfuration treatment of coal-fired flue gas, and is suitable for NO in industries such as boilers, coal and electricity, coking, steel, sintering, garbage incineration and the like x And SO x Is less affected by complex working conditions.
The beneficial effects are that:
the DCR denitration and desulfuration technology provided by the invention has the advantages of high efficiency, no need of ammonia and urea injection, environment-friendly whole process, no secondary pollution, no hazardous waste disposal, low operation cost, simple process, no need of large equipment body reconstruction, low one-time investment of technical improvement engineering, very small interference from working conditions and wide application range. Compared with the existing sectional process of SCR denitration and desulfurization tower, the denitration and desulfurization efficiency is equivalent, and the NO of the coal-fired flue gas can be realized x And SO x The method has the advantages of ultra-low emission, low investment cost, no secondary pollution and the like compared with the existing denitration and desulfurization sectional process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a DCR denitration and desulfurization technology.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the DCR denitration and desulfurization technology according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
Selecting a feeding port in a flue region of 150-500 ℃, weighing the dual-function powder according to a metering ratio, spraying the dual-function powder into the flue through a gas delivery pump through the feeding port, enabling the sprayed dual-function powder to generate convection with the flue gas, quickly scattering the powder under the impact of the flue gas, fully mixing and contacting the powder with the flue gas components in the flowing and advancing process, and further adsorbing and capturing NO x And SO x And promote them to make them produce full catalytic reaction in the flue gas pipeline at 100-500 deg.C so as to make NO x Reduction to N 2 Promoting SO x And generating harmless sulfate or sulfite, and finally, recycling and disposing the sulfate or sulfite through a dust collector. Under the conditions of uniform mixing of flow fields and uniform temperature of the flue gas with the flow velocity of 1-7 m/s, the denitration efficiency can reach more than 80%, and the desulfurization efficiency can be close to 100%.
Example 1
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:0.1, wherein the catalytic component is rare earth Ce, transition metal oxide (WO 3 、SnO 2 、MoO 3 、CoO、V 2 O 5 The mass ratio of the mixture is 1:1:1:1), the carrier is fly ash, the mass percentage of the active component is 1% based on the mass of the carrier, wherein the mass ratio of the rare earth Ce to the transition metal oxide is 0.1; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.1:0.1). The granularity of the powder is 300 meshes. At 500 ℃ of flue feeding port, the original smoke NO is actually measured and imported x Concentration of 460 ppm SO x At a concentration of 645ppm, 200g SO per kg of dual function powder 2 And 17g NO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, and the corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, and the sprayed double-function powder is sprayedConvection is generated with the smoke, under the impact of the smoke, the powder and smoke components are fully mixed to contact and react, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 15ppm SO x The concentration is 1ppm, when the flow rate of the flue gas is 7m/s, the denitration efficiency can reach 96.8%, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach 99.8%.
Example 2
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:1, wherein the catalytic component is rare earth La, transition metal oxide (CuO, tiO) 2 、ZrO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 、MnO 2 The mass ratio of the mixture is 1:1:1:1:1), the steel slag powder is taken as a carrier, the mass percentage of the active component is 5 percent based on the mass of the carrier, and the mass ratio of the rare earth La/transition metal oxide is 0.5; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:5:5:5). The granularity of the powder is 120 meshes. At 400 deg.C, the original smoke NO is actually measured x At a concentration of 500ppm SO x At a concentration of 500ppm, 200g SO per kg of bifunctional powder 2 And 70g NO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 30ppm SO x The concentration is 2ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 6m/s, the denitration efficiency can reach 94%, and the desulfurization efficiency reaches 99.6%.
Example 3
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:5, wherein the catalytic component is rare earth Ce, transition metal oxides (NiO, al) 2 O 3 、ZnO、Fe 2 O 3 、MnO 2 The mass ratio of the red mud powder to the red mud powder is 1:1:1:1), the mass percentage of the active components is 10 percent based on the mass of the carrier, wherein the mass ratio of the red mud powder to the red mud powder is 1:1:1)The mass ratio of the rare earth Ce to the transition metal oxide is 1; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:10:10:10). The granularity of the powder is 120 meshes. At 350 deg.C, the original smoke NO is actually measured x At a concentration of 130ppm SO x At a concentration of 280ppm, 20g SO per kg of bifunctional powder 2 And 100g NO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 280 DEG C x Concentration of 25ppm SO x The concentration is 3ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 6m/s, the denitration efficiency of the medium-low temperature short process can reach 80.7%, and the desulfurization efficiency reaches 98.9%.
Example 4
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:15, wherein the catalytic components are rare earth Ce and La (mass ratio is 1:1), noble metals (mixture of Pd and Au, mass ratio is 1:1), carbide slag powder is taken as a carrier, the mass percentage of the active components is 1.1% based on the mass of the carrier, and the mass ratio of the rare earth to the noble metals is 10; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:5:8:10). The granularity of the powder is 200 meshes. At 300 ℃ in the flue area, the original smoke NO is actually measured and imported x At a concentration of 130ppm SO x At a concentration of 280ppm, 500g SO per kg of bifunctional powder 2 And 200g NO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 15ppm SO x At a concentration of 1ppm in the flue gas streamWhen the speed is 5m/s, the low-temperature denitration efficiency can reach 88.5%, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach 99.6%.
Example 5
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:10, wherein the catalytic component is rare earth La and noble metal (mixture of Pt and Ru, mass ratio is 1:1), fly ash, steel slag powder, red mud powder and carbide slag powder are mixed to form a carrier (mass ratio is 1:1:1:1), the mass percentage of the active component is 1.2% based on the carrier mass, and the mass ratio of the rare earth to the noble metal is 9; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:5:5:10). The granularity of the powder is 250 meshes. At 500 ℃ in the flue area, the original smoke NO is actually measured and imported x Concentration of 470ppm SO x At a concentration of 500ppm, 400g SO per kg of dual function powder 2 And 200gNO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 3ppm SO x The concentration is 1ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 1m/s, the low-temperature denitration efficiency can reach 99.4%, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach 99.8%.
Example 6
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:15, wherein the catalytic component is rare earth Ce and noble metal (Ru and Ag mixture, the mass ratio is 1:1), the steel slag powder, the red mud powder and the carbide slag powder are mixed to form a carrier (the mass ratio is 1:1:1), the mass percentage of the active component is 1.8% based on the carrier mass, and the mass ratio of the rare earth to the noble metal is 8; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:5:5:5). The granularity of the powder is 280-mesh dual-function powder. At 500 ℃ in the flue area, the original smoke NO is actually measured and imported x Concentration of 370ppm SO x At a concentration of 480ppm, 200g SO per kg of bifunctional powder 2 And 170gNO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 4ppm SO x The concentration is 2ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 3m/s, the low-temperature denitration efficiency can reach 98.9%, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach 99.6%.
Example 7
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:20, wherein the catalytic components are rare earth Ce and La (mass ratio is 1:1), ru/Pd exchange type molecular sieves (Ru/Pd molar ratio is 1:1), red mud powder and carbide slag powder are mixed to form a carrier (mass ratio is 1:1), the mass percentage of the active components is 5% based on the mass of the carrier, and the mass ratio of the rare earth/molecular sieves is 7; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:5:5:5). The granularity of the powder is 280-mesh dual-function powder. At 350 deg.C, the original smoke NO is actually measured x Concentration of 350ppm SO x At a concentration of 50ppm, 450g SO per kg of dual-function powder 2 And 250g NO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 1ppm SO x The concentration is 0ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 5m/s, the low-temperature denitration efficiency can reach 99.7%, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach 100%.
Example 8
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:15, wherein the catalytic component isRare earth Ce and Cu/Fe exchange type molecular sieve (the molar ratio of Cu/Fe is 1:1), fly ash is used as a carrier, the mass percentage of active components is 30% based on the mass of the carrier, wherein the mass ratio of the rare earth to the molecular sieve is 1; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:1:1:1). The granularity of the powder is 200 meshes. At 200 ℃ in the flue area, the original smoke NO is actually measured and imported x At a concentration of 150ppm SO x At a concentration of 500ppm, 200g SO per kg of bifunctional powder 2 And 300gNO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 1ppm SO x The concentration is 2ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 4m/s, the low-temperature denitration efficiency can reach 99.3%, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach 99.6%.
Example 9
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:8, wherein the catalytic component is rare earth Ce, co/Pt exchange type molecular sieve (Co/Pt molar ratio is 1:1), red mud powder is taken as a carrier, the mass of the carrier is taken as a reference, the mass percentage of the active component is 10%, and the mass ratio of the rare earth to the molecular sieve is 4; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:1:1:3). The granularity of the powder is 180 meshes. At 200 ℃ in the flue area, the original smoke NO is actually measured and imported x At a concentration of 170ppm SO x At a concentration of 350ppm, 200g SO per kg of dual function powder 2 And 170gNO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are in convection, and under the impact of the flue gas, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction, and the temperature is monitored at 100 DEG CDetecting the purified NO by measuring the mouth x At a concentration of 1ppm SO x The concentration is 1ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 5m/s, the low-temperature denitration efficiency can reach 99.4%, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach 99.7%.
Example 10
The mass ratio of the selected components is 1:17, wherein the catalytic component is rare earth La, WO 3 And Ag exchange type molecular sieve (the W/Ag molar ratio is 10:1), wherein the carbide slag powder is used as a carrier, the mass percentage of active components is 6% based on the mass of the carrier, and the rare earth/WO (tungsten carbide slag/tungsten carbide alloy) is prepared from the active components by weight percentage 3 And the mass ratio of the molecular sieve is 2; the reducing component is mixed powder of active carbon powder, melamine, plastic powder and rubber powder (the mass ratio is 1:1:1:1). The granularity of the powder is 230 meshes. At 280 deg.c in the flue area, the original fume NO is measured x At a concentration of 230ppm SO x At a concentration of 480ppm, 400g SO per kg of dual-function powder 2 And 250gNO x According to SO contained in the actual flue gas 2 And NO x The total amount is metered and sprayed, a corresponding amount of the double-function powder is sprayed into a flue through a gas delivery pump and a feeding port, the sprayed double-function powder and the flue gas are subjected to convection, the powder and the flue gas components are fully mixed and contacted for reaction under the impact of the flue gas, and the purified NO is detected at a monitoring port at 100 DEG C x At a concentration of 1ppm SO x The concentration is 2ppm, and when the flow rate of the flue gas is 6m/s, the low-temperature denitration efficiency can reach 99.5%, and the desulfurization efficiency reaches 99.5%.

Claims (7)

1. The double-function powder is characterized by comprising a catalytic component and a reducing component, wherein the mass ratio of the catalytic component to the reducing component is 1: (0.1-20); wherein the catalytic component takes one or more of metal ion exchange molecular sieve, transition metal oxide or noble metal and light rare earth ore metal as active components, and industrial waste residue with high specific surface area as a carrier; wherein the metal ion exchange type molecular sieve is one or more metal ion exchange type molecular sieves in the transition metal and noble metal active components; the reducing component is activated carbon powder, melamine and plasticThe composite reduction functional powder is prepared by mixing material powder or rubber powder, wherein the mass ratio of active carbon powder to melamine to plastic powder to rubber powder is 1: (0.1-10): (0.1-10): (0.1-10); wherein the light rare earth metal is one or two of La and Ce; the transition metal oxide being at least WO 3 、SnO 2 、MoO 3 、CoO、V 2 O 5 、CuO、TiO 2 、ZrO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 、MnO 2 、NiO、Al 2 O 3 Or ZnO; the noble metal is at least one of Pt, ru, pd, au or Ag; the industrial waste residue with high specific surface area is one or more of fly ash, steel slag powder, red mud powder or carbide slag.
2. The dual-function powder according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the active component in the catalytic component is 1-30% of the mass of the carrier, and the mass ratio of the light rare earth metal to the other active components is 1 (0.1-10).
3. A method for preparing the double-function powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that catalytic components and reducing components are mixed and ball-milled according to a metering ratio to prepare the composite double-function powder with the particle size of 80-300 meshes.
4. Use of the dual-function powder of claim 1 for denitration and desulfurization of coal-fired flue gas.
5. The use according to claim 4, comprising the following specific steps: spraying the double-function powder into the 150-500 ℃ flue area, blowing off the double-function powder under the convection impact of the flue gas, fully mixing and contacting with the flue gas, and further adsorbing and capturing NO x And SO x And promote them to undergo rapid catalytic reaction to produce harmless N 2 Steam, CO 2 Sulfate or sulfurous acid, thereby realizing high-efficiency denitration and desulfurization at the same time.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the dual-function powder is sprayed into the body and is treated with SO x The mass ratio of the powder is 1000 (20-500), and the spraying quality of the dual-function powder and the treatment NO x The mass ratio of (3) is 1000 (17-300).
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the flue gas flow rate is 1-7 m/s.
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