CN113813065A

CN113813065A - Plate-shaped bracket for strengthening bone surface or bone surface to be repaired

Info

Publication number: CN113813065A
Application number: CN202111184627.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱晓明; 朱迪萌; 于滢
Original assignee: Guangzhou Hong Jian Bio Medical Products And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Hong Jian Bio Medical Products And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-25
Filing date: 2020-11-25
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-25
Also published as: CN112472332A; CN113813065B; CN112472332B

Abstract

The invention relates to a plate-shaped bracket for strengthening a bone surface or a bone surface to be repaired, which belongs to the field of artificial repair of human bones such as alveolar bones, skull bones, pelvic bones and the like, is used for covering the bone surface to be strengthened or repaired, and comprises a strip-shaped bracket plate body made of an absorbable material, wherein the bracket plate body comprises a microporous plate layer for covering the bone surface and a porous plate layer arranged on the microporous plate layer; the porous plate layer is provided with a plurality of macropores which are penetrated by the fixing device, and the microporous plate layer is provided with a plurality of micropores which can block cells and allow nutrient substances to pass through; the bracket plate body can be fixed on the bone surface through the positioner; a bone grafting space for filling bone grafting filler is formed between the bracket plate body and the bone surface; in the scheme, the plate-shaped bracket is disassembled without secondary operation, so that the pain of a patient is reduced; various structural design in this scheme is applicable to situations such as flat bone, long bone, special-shaped bone and makes and can both adapt to in the bone face position of difference.

Description

Plate-shaped bracket for strengthening bone surface or bone surface to be repaired

The application is named as: a plate-shaped bracket for reinforcing bone surface is disclosed as follows: year 2020, month 11, day 25, application number: 202011335171.1 patent application for inventions.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plate-shaped bracket for strengthening a bone surface or a bone surface to be repaired, belonging to the field of artificial repair of human bones such as alveolar bones, skull bones, pelvic bones and the like.

Background

When a human body is easy to have bone fracture or tooth loss along with the growth of the age, the bone is often subjected to material exchange with human tissues in the fracture of the bone fracture or the alveolar bone after the tooth loss, but bone elements cannot be reserved in the fracture or the alveolar bone, so that the bone atrophy is easy to occur in the fracture position or the alveolar bone. The origin and effect of bone atrophy will be described below in detail, taking alveolar bone as an example.

Alveolar bone, also known as alveolar process, surrounds the jaw bone protrusion of the root of the tooth; the socket for accommodating teeth is called an alveolar socket, alveolar bones between two teeth are called alveolar spaces, and the interdental alveolar bones of a plurality of teeth are called interdental bones; the alveolar bone is the part of the lower edge of the maxilla and the upper edge of the mandible, which is embedded with the tooth root; alveolar process parts of the upper and lower jawbones, which are inherent alveolar bones close to the inner walls of tooth roots and periodontal ligament, are a layer of compact bone with meshes and are attached with periodontal ligament fibers; alveolar bone is the most variable part in the skeletal system of the whole body, and the change can reflect the reconstruction process of bone tissues; it grows with the growth and eruption of teeth, and develops well due to physiological functional stimulation; after loss of teeth, normal functional stimulation is lost and disuse atrophy can occur. Excessive irritation can also cause traumatic absorption.

When the human body is aged and the teeth are lost, the alveolar bone is deformed and the alveolar bone is atrophied, and in this case, when the alveolar bone is deformed or atrophied, the tooth can not be directly planted on the original alveolar bone, because, in this case, the implant causes secondary damage to the originally atrophic alveolar bone and causes and collapses the matrix of the implant, and therefore, when alveolar bone atrophy, the alveolar bone needs to be reconstructed to thicken and shape the alveolar bone so as to meet the conditions of dental implant, and then dental implant can be carried out, while the existing alveolar bone repair technology usually adopts titanium mesh for shaping repair, the titanium mesh is often fixed by screws, and the way causes the taking-out of the titanium mesh to need secondary operation, and the tapping and screwing processes of the screw cause multiple injuries to the fragile alveolar bone, and the patient causes secondary injuries.

The market lacks an alveolar bone repair means which can not need repeated operation and can not cause damage to the original bone surface, and how to perform thickening repair of the bone surface becomes a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of thickening and repairing of fracture on the bone surface when the bone surface is atrophied, and designs a plate-shaped bracket for reinforcing the bone surface, which can provide a plate-shaped bracket structure of a bone grafting space for an area to be repaired and thickened.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a plate-shaped bracket for strengthening a bone surface or a bone surface to be repaired is used for covering the bone surface to be strengthened or repaired and comprises a lath-shaped bracket plate body made of an absorbable material, wherein the bracket plate body comprises a microporous plate layer for covering the bone surface and a porous plate layer arranged on the microporous plate layer; the porous plate layer is provided with a plurality of macropores for cells and nutrient substances to pass through, and the microporous plate layer is provided with a plurality of micropores capable of blocking the cells and allowing the nutrient substances to pass through; the bracket plate body can be fixed on the bone surface through a positioner, the positioner is connected with the bone surface in a dowel mode, and the positioner penetrates through the microporous plate layer at the large hole; a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting filler is formed between the bracket plate body and the bone surface.

Optionally, the micropores at the positions of the microporous plate layer covered by the porous plate layer are blind holes and used for increasing the surface roughness of the support plate body; the micropores communicated with the macropores in the micropore plate layer are in a through hole shape and used for blocking cells and allowing nutrients to pass through.

Optionally, the porous plate layer is further provided with a conical tooth part, a fan-shaped hollow area is formed between adjacent conical tooth parts, and the hollow area is communicated with the large hole; the locator can pierce through the micropore sheet layer in fretwork district with fixed bolster plate body.

Optionally, the bevel gear portion is parallel to the width direction of the porous plate layer, the porous plate layer is in a comb shape, and the porous plate layer at the hollow area can be stretched to enable the hollow area to be opened.

Optionally, the bevel gear portion is parallel to the width direction of the porous plate layer, the porous plate layer is in a comb shape, and the porous plate layer at the hollow area has wavy folds so that the hollow area can be opened or closed.

Optionally, the turning edge is arranged on the left side of the width direction of the support plate body, and the wavy edge is arranged on the right side of the width direction of the support plate body.

Optionally, the folding edge comprises a plurality of edge sections spaced from each other; the section of the edge section is L-shaped or J-shaped.

Alternatively, the positioner may be inserted into a human bone in a non-threaded manner; the locator comprises a columnar part and a pile head part, wherein the columnar part is columnar, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the columnar part, all the bulges are distributed along the length direction of the columnar part, adjacent bulges are arranged in a staggered way, and a scraping groove for collecting bone meal is formed between the adjacent bulges; the pile head part and the columnar part are integrally formed, the pile head part is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part, the pile head part is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part; the V-shaped groove is used for bone residue aggregation.

Optionally, a positioning hole is arranged at the tail end of the columnar part far away from the nail-in end, or a tail cap part which is integrally formed with the columnar part and is internally provided with the positioning hole is arranged at the tail part of the columnar part; the positioning hole is a positioning blind hole or a positioning through hole, and the positioning through hole is communicated with the V-shaped groove; the side wall of the positioning hole is embedded with a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes, the peripheral longitudinal pipes are used for heat dissipation, and the melting point of the peripheral longitudinal pipes is higher than that of the columnar part.

Optionally, the locator has different densities along its length direction, and in locator length direction, the density at locator middle part is less than the density at both ends the arch is square, rectangle, U-shaped or along the unsmooth shape of column portion circumference.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the plate-shaped support is made of absorbable materials, so that equipment can be disassembled without secondary operation after primary operation repair, and pain of a patient is reduced; the scheme provides various structural designs, can be suitable for the situations of skull facet cracks, alveolar bone facet reinforcement, special-shaped facet fitting and the like, and can adapt to different facet positions, so that various combinations of facet can be realized through different combinations;

2. according to the scheme, the plate-shaped support can be opened or closed by the existing curved surface with a bone surface in the fan-shaped hollow area, so that the fan-shaped control can be performed according to actual needs when the bone surface is controlled to be a non-planar and other special-shaped bone surface, and the flexibility of the bone surface repairing process, the controllability of a bone grafting space and the laminating property of the edge of the plate-shaped support are improved;

3. the positioning dowel pin in the scheme adopts a non-threaded connection mode, so that primary damage to the alveolar bone in a thread tapping process is avoided; meanwhile, secondary damage to the side wall of the bone hole caused by bone residues rotating along with the threads cannot exist, in addition, the positioning nail adopting the thread design is more prone to fracture, secondary punching is needed if the positioning nail is fractured, possible tertiary damage exists, if the positioning nail is designed to have the strength of thread tapping, the density of the positioning nail is inevitably higher, and fourth damage is inevitably caused by material expansion existing during dissolution; and this design adopts the design of nail stake, and the mode that its straight line was nailed in can not lead to the fact the injury that the tapping formed to the bone hole lateral wall, and simultaneously, the design of the V-arrangement groove of stake head portion can gather the bone sediment, avoids the injury of bone sediment to the bone hole, and in addition, the design of scraping the groove can gather the bone meal on the bone hole lateral wall to avoid the bone meal to dissolve the hindrance of infiltration in-process at the locator.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a structure of a plate-shaped holder;

FIG. 2 is a view showing an exemplary structure of a plate-shaped holder of a comb-shaped porous plate layer;

FIG. 3 is a view showing an exemplary structure of a plate bracket having a corrugated microporous plate layer;

FIG. 4 is a structural illustration of a plate-shaped scaffold repairing a bone fracture;

FIG. 5 is a structural example of a plate-shaped bracket with a folded edge;

FIG. 6 is a view showing a state of use of the plate bracket of FIG. 5 for the repair of the skull bone surface;

FIG. 7 is a view showing a state of use of the plate bracket for alveolar bone restoration;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a capless retainer;

FIG. 9 is a density schematic of a capless retainer;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the pile head of the positioner;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a pile head with compensating grooves;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a capped retainer;

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capped retainer;

FIG. 14 is a structural view of the tail cap portion;

FIG. 15 is a density schematic of a capped retainer;

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a capped retainer with retaining channels.

Reference numerals: 1-positioner, 101-positioning blind hole, 102-tail cap part, 103-columnar part, 104-scraping groove, 105-pile head part, 106-V-shaped groove, 107-peripheral longitudinal pipe, 108-bone slag stacking layer, 109-bone powder stacking layer, 110-compensation groove, 111-positioning through hole, 2-bracket plate body, 201-porous plate layer, 202-microporous plate layer, 203-large hole, 204-wave edge, 205-turning edge, 206-conical tooth part, 3-dental implant matrix, 4-bone grafting filler, 5-alveolar bone and 6-skull.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment relates to a plate-shaped scaffold for facet reinforcement, which is used for covering the facet to be reinforced or repaired, and the scaffold plate body 2 comprises a microporous plate layer 202 for covering the facet and a microporous plate layer 201 arranged on the microporous plate layer 202.

A plurality of macropores 203 for cells and nutrients to pass through are arranged on the porous plate layer 201, and a plurality of micropores capable of blocking the cells and allowing the nutrients to pass through are arranged on the porous plate layer 202; the bracket plate body 2 can be fixed on the bone surface through the positioner 1, the positioner 1 is connected with the bone surface in a dowel mode, and the positioner 1 penetrates through the microporous plate layer 202 at the position of the large hole 203; a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting filler 4 is formed between the support plate body 2 and the bone surface.

The micropores at the position where the microporous plate layer 202 is covered by the porous plate layer 201 are blind holes and are used for increasing the surface roughness of the support plate body 2; the micropores in the microporous sheet layer 202, which are connected to the macropores, are in the form of through-holes and serve to block cells and allow nutrients to pass through.

In use, the locator 1 is utilized to penetrate through the large holes 203 at the four corners of the plate-shaped bracket, then the plate-shaped bracket is fixed on the bone surface, meanwhile, a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting filler 4 is formed between the bone surface and the plate-shaped bracket, the plate-shaped bracket can realize a certain degree of bending in the length direction, and the plate-shaped bracket is made of a material which can be absorbed by the human body, so that the plate-shaped bracket can be attached to the bone surface.

As shown in figure 4, when the bone fracture fixator is used for skull fracture repair, a hole is drilled at a selected proper position of a bone fracture, bone grafting filler 4 is filled at the bone fracture, then a plate-shaped bracket is covered on the bone fracture, large holes 203 at four corners of the bone fracture are aligned with the drilled holes on the bone surface, then penetrating positioning is carried out through the fixator 1, and the tail part of the fixator 1 and the plate-shaped bracket are welded into a whole by a welding machine.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of the structure of example 1, the structure of the porous plate layer 201 is specially modified to be more suitable for the seam with a certain radian or bending; the specific structural change is that a row of large holes 203 are arranged in the length direction of the porous plate layer 201, the side surfaces of the large holes 203 are provided with conical tooth parts 206, fan-shaped hollow areas are formed between the adjacent conical tooth parts 206 in the conical tooth parts 206, and the hollow areas are communicated with the large holes 203; the positioner 1 can penetrate through the microporous plate layer 202 of the hollow area to fix the support plate body 2; the tapered teeth portion 206 is parallel to the width direction of the porous plate layer 201, and makes the porous plate layer 201 in a comb shape, and the micro-porous plate layer 202 at the hollow area can be stretched to open the hollow area.

When the plate-shaped bracket is used for repairing or reinforcing a special-shaped bone surface, the bevel gear part 206 can deviate in the thickness direction of the plate-shaped bracket according to the concave-convex condition of the bone surface, so that four edges of the plate-shaped bracket can be attached to the bone surface, and the bending degree of one side of the bevel gear part 206 is higher; in addition, when the plate-shaped scaffold is used for repairing the bent bone powder, the plate-shaped scaffold can be unfolded into a fan shape by stretching the microporous plate layers 202 at the corresponding positions; thereby satisfying the repair work of the bent bone seam.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 3, in the structure of embodiment 2, since the amount of curvature of the seam is realized by stretching the microporous plate layer 202, and when the curvature of the seam is too high, the seam cannot be repaired by fitting, and at this time, a flexible design with a higher curvature is required, the microporous plate layer 202 in the hollow area is provided with a wavy fold so that the hollow area can be opened or closed in the structure of embodiment 2.

When the structure is used, the folds can compensate for a certain opening amount, so that the bending degree of the plate-shaped support is higher.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 5, on the basis of the structure of the embodiment 1-4, the left side of the support plate body 2 in the width direction is provided with a folding edge 205, and the right side of the support plate body 2 in the width direction is provided with a wavy edge 204; the folding edge 205 comprises a plurality of edge sections which are mutually spaced; the section along the section is L-shaped or J-shaped.

Through the design of the turnover edge 205, the plate-shaped support can be better matched with a bone surface to seal a bone grafting space, the turnover edge 205 is provided with a plurality of edge sections, and each edge section can be opened, so that the supplement of fillers in the bone grafting space is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 6, when the gap between the bone surfaces is too large and the width of the support plate 2 is not enough to cover the bone gap, the length direction of the support plate 2 may be perpendicular to the bone gap direction, and a plurality of support plates 2 are arranged in the length direction of the bone gap direction, and the adjacent support plates 2 cover each other at the turning edge, that is, the rear support plate covers the turning edge of the previous support plate.

As shown in fig. 7, when the bracket plate 2 is used for strengthening the alveolar bone 5 lacking a plurality of teeth continuously, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible first, and then holes corresponding to the positions of the bone holes are formed in the bracket plate 2, and the fixture 1 is driven into the bone holes through the bracket plate 2, so that the bracket plate 2 is fixed to the mandible or the maxilla. Locator 1 and support plate body 2 can be in the same place through the welding machine welding, and after the welded connection, need insert implant base member 3 in the alveolus nest, then fill in the interstitial space between alveolar bone 5, support plate body 2, implant base member 3 and plant the bone material, fill the bone material of planting only need will follow the section and dial open can, after filling the completion, will recover along the section.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 8-11, the cap-less locator 1 of the invention comprises a column part 103 and a pile head part 105, wherein the column part 103 and the pile head part 105 are made of a special material, which needs to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by human body and simultaneously has the characteristics of hot melting and plasticity, and the material can be polylactic acid and the polymer material thereof.

As shown in fig. 8 or 10, the circumferential side wall of the columnar portion 103 has protrusions in different directions, and adjacent protrusions form staggered layers in different directions, and scraping grooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape and collect bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole.

The protrusion of the above columnar portion 103 may be designed to be square, rectangular, U-shaped, or concave-convex shape along the circumferential direction, so that different shapes may be selected according to actual needs, so that the columnar portion 103 can have stronger holding force after being inserted into the bone hole, thereby promoting the penetration of the columnar portion 103 into the bone gap after being melted.

As shown in fig. 8 or 10, the pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is provided at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather the bone residue remaining in the bone hole to form a bone residue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 8, a blind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of the columnar portion 103, and the blind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool, which can be inserted into the blind positioning hole 101 and connected with the positioner 1.

When the positioner 1 is used for repairing the alveolar bone 5, bone holes are required to be formed on the buccal side or the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 by using a drill, the bone holes formed on the buccal side face the lingual side, the bone holes formed on the lingual side face the bone side, and bone residues and bone powder are remained in the bone holes; the locator 1 is pushed into a bone hole under the pushing of a tool, and the locator 1 is not rotated in the process of being nailed into the bone hole, at the moment, the protrusion of the staggered structure of the columnar part 103 can scrape and collect bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole to the scraping and collecting groove 104; meanwhile, the dovetail shape at the pile head part 105 can gather bone residues to the V-shaped groove 106 to form a bone residue pile layer 108 in the nailing process; the bone residues are gathered to prevent the positioner 1 from pushing to drive the bone residues to rotate or rub the side wall of the bone hole so as to cause repeated injury to the alveolar bone 5 in the process of nailing the positioner 1.

Example 6

As shown in fig. 9-16, a cap locator 1 of the present invention comprises a post portion 103, a post head portion 105, and a tail cap portion 102; the column part 103, the pile head part 105 and the tail cap part 102 are integrally made of special materials, the pile head part 105 and the tail cap part 102 are respectively connected with the front end and the rear end of the column part 103, and the special materials need to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbed by the human body and simultaneously have the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like.

Projections in different directions are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103, staggered layers are formed by adjacent projections in different directions, scraping grooves 104 are formed between staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole; the projection may be designed as a square, rectangle, U-shape, or a circumferentially concave-convex shape, etc.

The pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or a V shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather residual bone slag in a bone hole to form a bone slag pile layer 108.

The rear side of the pile head 105 is provided with a compensation groove 110, when the bone residue pile layer 108 of the V-shaped groove 106 is formed, the bone residue pile layer 108 can push the two sides of the dovetail-shaped pile head 105 to expand oppositely to fix the positioner 1, and the compensation groove 110 can compensate the expansion of the pile head 105.

The tail cap part 102 has a diameter larger than that of the columnar part 103, and a blind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of the tail cap part 102, and the blind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool so as to guide the driving direction of the positioner 1.

A plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are embedded in the side wall of the positioning blind hole 101, and the peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are communicated with the positioning blind hole 101 and the circumferential side wall of the positioner 1; the thermal melting point of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than that of the locator 1, and the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is also made of a material which can be dissolved and absorbed in the human body, and the melting temperature of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than the welding temperature of the locator 1; so as to accelerate the cooling speed of the positioner 1 after welding, the diameter of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is generally selected to be 0.01-0.03 mm.

The locator 1 in embodiment 5 or 6 has different densities along the length direction, and the density at the two ends of the locator 11 is greater than the density in the middle of the locator 1, that is, different density areas are arranged along the length direction of the locator 1, the density at the end part of the locator 1 is greater than the density in the middle part, the characteristic is identical to that the surface bone density of the alveolar bone 5 is greater than the inner bone density, and the locator 11 can also be provided with 3-5 density areas with different densities to realize the gradual change of the density; therefore, the dissolving speed of the positioner 11 along different parts of the length direction is different, and the positioning can be guaranteed while the nail-shaped positioner is accelerated to dissolve more quickly.

The above examples are merely examples for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments; other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A plate-shaped scaffold for strengthening a bone surface or a bone surface to be repaired, comprising a lath-shaped scaffold plate body (2) made of an absorbable material, wherein the scaffold plate body (2) comprises a microporous plate layer (202) for covering the bone surface and a porous plate layer (201) arranged on the microporous plate layer (202); a plurality of macropores (203) for cells and nutrient substances to pass through are arranged on the porous plate layer (201), and a plurality of micropores capable of blocking the cells and allowing the nutrient substances to pass through are arranged on the microporous plate layer (202); the bracket plate body (2) can be fixed on a bone surface through a positioner (1), the positioner (1) is connected with the bone surface in a stud mode, and the positioner (1) penetrates through a microporous plate layer (202) at a large hole (203); a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting filler (4) is formed between the bracket plate body (2) and the bone surface; conical tooth parts (206) are further arranged on the porous plate layer (201), fan-shaped hollow areas are formed between every two adjacent conical tooth parts (206), and the hollow areas are communicated with the large holes (203); the locator (1) can penetrate through the micropore plate layer (202) of the hollow area to fix the support plate body (2).

2. The plate-shaped scaffold for bone surface augmentation according to claim 1, wherein a folded edge (205) is provided on the left side in the width direction of the scaffold plate body (2), and a wavy edge (204) is provided on the right side in the width direction of the scaffold plate body (2); the turnover edge (205) comprises a plurality of edge sections which are mutually spaced; the section of the edge section is L-shaped or J-shaped.

3. The plate-shaped scaffold for bone surface augmentation according to claim 1, wherein the micropores where the microporous plate layer (202) is covered by the porous plate layer (201) are blind and serve to increase the surface roughness of the scaffold plate body (2); the micropores in the micropore plate layer (202) which are communicated with macropores are in a through hole shape and used for blocking cells and allowing nutrients to pass through.

4. The plate-shaped scaffold for bone surface augmentation according to claim 1, wherein the tapered teeth (206) are parallel to the width direction of the porous plate layer (201) and make the porous plate layer (201) in comb-teeth shape, and the micro-porous plate layer (202) at the hollowed-out area can be stretched to open the hollowed-out area.

5. The plate-shaped scaffold for bone surface augmentation according to claim 1, wherein the tapered teeth (206) are parallel to the width direction of the porous plate layer (201) and make the porous plate layer (201) in a comb shape, and the micro-porous plate layer (202) at the hollow area has a wave-shaped fold to open or close the hollow area.

6. Panel-like support for bone surface augmentation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fixture (1) can be inserted in a non-threaded manner into a human bone; the locator (1) comprises a columnar part (103) and a pile head part (105), wherein the columnar part (103) is columnar, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the columnar part (103), all the bulges are distributed along the length direction of the columnar part (103), adjacent bulges are arranged in a staggered mode, and a scraping groove (104) for collecting bone meal is formed between the adjacent bulges; the pile head part (105) and the columnar part (103) are integrally formed, the pile head part (105) is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part (103), a V-shaped groove (106) is arranged on the pile head part (105), and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove (106) is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part (105); the V-shaped groove (106) is used for bone residue aggregation.

7. The plate-shaped scaffold for facet augmentation according to claim 8, wherein a positioning hole is provided at the tail end of the columnar portion (103) away from the nailing end, or a tail cap portion (102) integrally formed with the columnar portion (103) and having a positioning hole therein is provided at the tail portion of the columnar portion (103); the positioning hole is a positioning blind hole (101) or a positioning through hole (111), and the positioning through hole (111) is communicated with the V-shaped groove (106); the side wall of the positioning hole is embedded with a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes (107), and the peripheral longitudinal pipes (107) are used for heat dissipation and have higher melting points than the columnar parts (103).

8. The plate-shaped scaffold for bone surface augmentation according to claim 6, wherein the retainer (1) has different densities along its length direction, and the density of the middle portion of the retainer (1) is less than that of the two ends of the retainer (1) along the length direction of the retainer (1), and the protrusions are in a square, rectangular, U-shape or a concavo-convex shape which is concavo-convex along the circumference of the columnar portion (103).

9. The plate-like scaffold for facet augmentation according to claim 6, further comprising a tail cap portion (102), said tail cap portion (102) being provided at the tail of the pillar portion (103) and being provided integrally with the pillar portion (103).

10. The plate-shaped support for bone surface reinforcement according to claim 9, characterized in that positioning holes are provided in the tail cap part (102), the positioning holes are positioning blind holes (101) or positioning through holes (111), and the positioning through holes (111) are communicated with the V-shaped grooves (106); the side wall of the positioning hole is embedded with a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes (107), and the peripheral longitudinal pipes (107) are used for heat dissipation and have higher melting points than the columnar parts (103).