CN113812050A

CN113812050A - Power transmission device and analysis method

Info

Publication number: CN113812050A
Application number: CN202080034930.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: S.吉雷; M.海内克; T.希尔克; R.克努特; B.扎多
Original assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2019-03-28
Filing date: 2020-02-28
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Also published as: WO2020193057A1; DE102019204313A1; EP3928393A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical energy transmission device having a state detection device, comprising a relay device (8) and at least a first data provider (6a) and a second data provider (6 b). Both data providers (6a, 6b) are connected to a first interface (7) of a relay device (8).

Description

Power transmission device and analysis method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electrical energy transmission device with a state detection device, comprising a relay device and at least a first data provider, which is connected to a first interface of the relay device.

Background

The electric energy transmission device is used for transmitting electric energy. In this case, it is known to design an electrical energy transmission device with a state detection device with a relay device and at least a first data provider, which is connected to an interface of the relay device. With the increasing degree of automation, it is desirable to be able to obtain a large amount of information from the power transmission device and to process the information accordingly. As the amount of information increases, higher demands are placed on the performance of the relay device. Accordingly, the overhead for improving information acquisition on the power transfer device also increases.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a power transmission device which makes it possible to achieve an improved use of relay devices with an increased amount of information being provided.

According to the invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved for an electrical energy transmission device of the type mentioned at the outset by the second data provider being connected to the first interface.

The electric power transmission device is a device for transmitting electric power. Electrical energy transmission devices are, for example, disconnectors, earthing switches, load switches, circuit breakers, transformers, gas-insulated switchgear, outdoor bushings, surge arresters, outdoor and indoor transformers, etc. Driven by the voltage difference, current is conducted in the phase conductors. For this purpose, the phase conductors must be correspondingly electrically insulated. The operational safety of the power transmission device is determined inter alia by the dielectric strength of the insulating medium used (electrical insulating medium). In this respect, the state of the insulating medium is important information for making conclusions about the operational safety of the electrical energy transmission device. The insulating medium usually extends over a large distance, so that on the one hand a monitoring as accurate as possible to a point is desired, and on the other hand such monitoring is expensive. For example, a fluid flowing around the phase conductor is used as the insulating medium. In particular gaseous fluids have proven suitable here. Accordingly, the gaseous fluid is enclosed in an encapsulation housing in which the phase conductor is at least partially arranged. There, an electrically insulating medium flows around the phase conductors and ensures electrical insulation.

By means of the first data provider, data about the state of the insulating medium or other state information, such as temperature, mass changes, arcing phenomena, etc., can be collected. In the case of the use of a first data provider and a second data provider, it should advantageously be provided that two data providers connected to the same interface are used to collect homogeneous states (state information). Thus, for example, the first data provider and the second data provider may be used to determine data about the density of the electrically insulating medium. Alternatively, the first and second data providers may provide different status information. For example, it is also possible for a plurality of data providers, which are, for example, associated with electrically insulating media that act independently of one another, to transmit data about the homogeneous state of the respective media to the first interface. For example, it can be provided that, in the case of electrical insulation of the electrical energy transmission device, a plurality of mutually spaced electrically insulating gas chambers are used, which have a respective closed electrically insulating fluid, wherein information is acquired about the state, in particular the density, of the electrically insulating fluid in the gas chambers which differ from one another. Thus, for example in the case of an electrical energy transmission device designed as a multi-phase, for example in the case of a direct current transmission, the phase conductor for the outgoing current and the phase conductor for the return current can be monitored by the first data provider and the second data provider. For example, in a multi-phase ac voltage system, different phases of the ac voltage system may be monitored by the first and second data providers. Accordingly, there is the possibility that information from the first data provider and the second data provider can be fed to the same interface, so that a plurality of sections can be monitored.

Here, the relay device may have the first interface and another interface other than the first interface. There is therefore the possibility that the interfaces of the relay device can each be used to collect a plurality of data providers, for example for the purpose of location division and/or logical association of the individual data providers. The first or further interface may be an analog interface or a digital interface. However, the analog interface is preferably arranged so that a plurality of data providers are connected to the same analog interface. Here, the connection may be made by wire or wirelessly. For example, the relay device can be designed in the form of a so-called data gateway, in which the information of the data provider is integrated, which has a different role or is provided in a different format. Preprocessing can take place in the relay device and the data provided by the data provider can be buffered and/or formatted if necessary. Thus, for example, the relay device can be used as an interface and connected, for example, to a computer cloud in order to be able to process data there regarding the state of the electrically insulating fluid. The computer cloud can then be used, for example, as a processing device for further evaluation of the possibly preprocessed data. Further, the processing device may set a time stamp for the provided data.

It can further be provided that the first and second data providers simultaneously provide the first interface with data complementary to one another.

Data transmitted from the first and second data providers to the first interface may be provided to the first interface simultaneously. In this case, this may result in the data overlapping one another and being provided in overlapping form to the first interface. In particular in the case of analog interfaces, the analog signals provided from the data provider side can complement or compensate each other, so that the combined information from the first and second data providers is transmitted to the first interface of the relay device. Thus, by selecting the limit value accordingly, it can be ensured that, for example, in the case of exceeding the limit value of at least one of the data providers, it can be determined that the limit value has been exceeded even after superimposing the information (data) provided from the two data providers to the first interface. In particular, in the case of similar evaluations, it should be provided that the generic information provided by the first data provider and the second data provider complement one another in a positive sense and in a negative sense (same polarity), so that a reliable evaluation of the fault of the electrical energy transmission device is ensured.

For example, analog measurement values provided by the data provider may be transmitted from the first and second providers to the first interface in phase. This makes it possible to always sum the information provided by the first interface and the second interface.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the data of the first and second data provider are provided to the first interface in a time-controlled manner.

The data provided by the first and second data providers may be provided to the first interface in a time-clocked manner. For example, information of the first and second data providers may be sequentially transmitted to the first interface. Thereby avoiding overlap of information provided from the data provider to the same interface. This can be done, for example, in such a way that the information of the first data provider and the second data provider is distributed to the interfaces in a time-distributed manner by means of a multiplexer. Instead of a multiplexer, the clocking can also be carried out by the data provider itself.

In order to be able to identify the data and to keep the data processing overhead low (irrespective of the clock control), a time signal can be assigned to the respective information from the first data provider or the second data provider and can also be transmitted to a processing device arranged at a higher level, so that the information provided by the first and second data providers can be time-divided.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the clocking of the data of the first and second data providers takes place in an asymmetrically distributed manner.

In addition to symmetric clocking, i.e. providing the same size time window for each data provider's data to be transmitted to the first interface, asymmetric clocking may be provided. That is, one of the data providers is assigned a different time interval. One or more additional data providers may each be assigned the same time window. A starting point can thus be identified from the information sequence from the data provider in a clocked manner in time, and an automatic reset can also be carried out in the event of a loss of clocking (Au β er-Takt-fan) of the system, in order to be able to trigger a restart of the system, for example. Furthermore, periodic checking and correction of the transmitted information can also be performed by asymmetrical clocking, since a deviating clocking can be used as checking information.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the first and second data providers are connected to the relay device via a common line, wherein the security device is arranged in the common line.

In the case of a plurality of data providers connected to the same interface, in particular an analog interface, the superposition of a plurality of signals provided by the data providers, for example in the case of simultaneous transmission or incorrect clocking, can lead to an electrical overload of the line. Especially in the case of simultaneous transmission at the same interface and parallel arrangement of a large number of data providers, the current intensity on the common line may exceed the permissible load value. With the corresponding safety device, it is possible to prevent an electrical overload of the line and to prevent damage to the line.

In this case, it can advantageously be provided that the safety device has a diverter.

The signals respectively transmitted from the data providers to the relay device may be in the form of variable currents. In this case, the addition of the currents may lead to overloading of the electrical line. By using a suitable resistor, the maximum current fed to the interface can be limited. The maximum permissible current level at the first interface, which is, for example, an analog interface, is thereby standardized. Advantageously, the shunt should be designed such that, in the case of a single data provider responding, its full bandwidth is allowed with respect to the input current provided. In particular in the case of an electrical parallel connection of a plurality of data providers, for example density sensors, overloading of the first interface can be prevented in this way.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the first and second data provider provide status information about the electrically insulating medium.

In particular, the status information about the insulating medium is a very important feature for the description of the operational safety of the power transmission device. For example, the temperature of the insulating medium or the density of the insulating medium may provide information whether the same insulating strength is still present. In particular for fluid insulation media, density provides sufficient indication about the strength of the insulation. The density can provide information about the dielectric strength of the dielectric independent of temperature and pressure. If necessary, the pressure can be taken off in a standardized manner with respect to a standardized temperature (for example an ambient temperature of 20 ℃), as a result of which information about the insulation strength of the insulation medium can also be obtained.

Thus, for example, the density of the insulating medium can be recorded by a plurality of data providers, so that, for example, a redundant system can be formed in which a plurality of data providers monitor the same electrically insulating medium. However, it can also be provided that different insulating media or insulating media separated from one another are monitored by different density providers and their information is transmitted to the same interface of the relay device. Thus, for example, the insulation strength of different phase conductors, which are electrically insulated independently of one another by means of an insulating medium, can be monitored by different data providers and fed to the same interface. This is particularly advantageous in the case of multi-phase power transmission systems, in which a plurality of phases are electrically insulated by separate insulating media. In this case, failure or damage of the dielectric strength of one of the phases is already a sufficient criterion to question the transmission reliability of the entire polyphase alternating voltage system. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a plurality of insulating media acting separately from one another along the same phase conductor, which are also monitored segment by a separate data provider.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the state of an electrical insulation medium of an electrical energy transmission device in a suitable manner, which method makes simple statements about the state of the electrical insulation medium at low cost.

According to the invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved in a method for evaluating the state of an electrical insulation medium of an electrical energy transmission device by receiving data from a processing device about the state of the electrical insulation fluid, in particular the insulation strength, processing the transmitted data and outputting them chronologically, and outputting a warning if at least a first limit value is reached and/or if at least a first limit value is predicted to be reached.

The electrical insulation medium ensures the electrical insulation of the phase conductors. The dielectric strength of the electrically insulating medium may be adversely affected depending on external influences. For example, contamination of solid insulation or fluid insulation media can reduce its dielectric strength. However, a loss of the insulation medium, for example due to leakage from a container enclosing the fluid insulation medium, or due to wear of the solid insulation, may also lead to a limitation of the insulation strength. Data on the state of the electrically insulating fluid, in particular the insulation strength, which is for example represented by density, can be provided to the relay device by a data provider, for example. The data can be standardized and transmitted to the processing device by the relay device. The relay device transmits the data directly or indirectly to the processing means, so that the processing means can process the data about the state of the electrically insulating medium. In particular, the transmitted and/or processed data may be ordered temporally. For example, the time profile of the changes in the transmitted and/or processed data and the time profile of the transmitted and/or processed data can be displayed. The time-correlation of the data may be performed, for example, in a relay device that directly or indirectly sends out the data. By using the first limit value, it is possible to output a warning if the transmitted data or the processed data reach the first limit value. In addition to the transmitted or processed data itself reaching the limit value, it may also be determined that the first limit value is predicted to be reached and a warning is output in the case that the predicted data reaches the first limit value. In particular, in the case where the time point at which the threshold value is predicted to be reached is far in the future, the output of the warning can be suppressed. Thus, for example, a time period can be defined within which the predicted reaching of the limit value must lie in order to output a warning. The time period may be, for example, several days, for example several tens of days, for example 90 days in the future from the respective current date. The transmitted or processed data may be displayed sequentially in time. For example, specific status information can be displayed at specific points in time, so that changes in the course of time can be recognized. Thus, for example, it is possible to display the course of the dielectric strength of the electrically insulating fluid and to predict the future on the basis of the transmitted data, for example how the density of the electrically insulating fluid will change in time series.

Preferably, a graphical representation may be provided for the chronological output. Different time periods may be displayed if necessary: for example, a predefined period of time, week, month, year or a freely defined desired period.

The data received and processed by the processing means may be stored locally and may also be used further. Data is preferably present in the computer cloud, thereby ensuring simplified access to the data.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the chronological data are assigned position coordinates.

In addition to the information about the density of the electrically insulating fluid, position coordinates can also be assigned to the time-sequential data. This allocation may already be included in the transmitted data, for example the data transmitted by the relay device, so that a unique location identification of the data can be achieved. This enables, for example, to obtain further information, in particular a prediction regarding the development of the density of the electrically insulating fluid. For example, corresponding climate conditions, for example the temperature at the time of data acquisition, weather phenomena, for example lightning strikes or the like, can be associated with the location coordinates and taken into account in the prediction.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the first limit value has a first level and a second level.

The first threshold value may have a first level and a second level. Depending on the level determination, for example, an alarm can be issued if a first level is reached, whereas, for example, an action command can be issued in addition to the alarm if a second level is reached. Thus, for example, a warning can be output only when the first level is reached, for example, in order to make further observations, while a shutdown can be triggered when the second level is reached. Preventive measures can be initiated through a two-level process to prevent reaching the second level. Thus, for example, a time window can be predicted by the second level of prediction, during which maintenance or service of the monitored power transmission device is carried out. If necessary, a time window may be determined for the output of the prediction to reach the first and second levels. If necessary, upon reaching the level threshold, for example, checklists, training videos, etc. may be provided, which contain action instructions for the operator.

Furthermore, by correlating the position coordinates, it is also possible to provide further action instructions (by corresponding local events) for a group of segments of the electrical energy transmission device. Thus, for example, a local event in a switchyard may trigger situation-dependent maintenance of the entire switchyard.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the development of the dielectric strength is predicted taking into account the switching process of the electrical energy transmission device.

The switching process of the power transmission device may change the insulation properties of the electrically insulating medium. For example, in the case of correspondingly frequent switching operations of the electrical energy transmission device, a faster aging of the electrically insulating fluid is expected. Based on the manner or frequency of the switching process or also the strength of the switching process, a change in the electrically insulating fluid can be deduced, so that, for example, the cause can be taken into account in the case of a prediction of the reaching of the limit value, or future anticipated switching operations can be introduced into the prediction, so that the prediction of the reaching of the first limit value or of both levels of reaching of the first limit value can be made more accurately. Depending on the switching operation that actually takes place, the prediction can be checked and adjusted accordingly.

Furthermore, provision can be made for the expected change in the dielectric strength to be stored over a specific period of time.

The dielectric strength of the electrically insulating fluid may be altered by natural aging of the electrically insulating fluid. For example, natural evaporation of the electrically insulating fluid may occur. This results in a predicted density change over a particular period of time. This predicted density variation may be taken into account in order to correct or evaluate the state of the electrically insulating fluid. Thus, for example, the expected density change may be stored and compared to the density change actually occurring during a particular time interval. Accordingly, it can be concluded whether this is the expected density change or the density change caused by a fault.

Further advantageous embodiments may provide that the prediction is performed by mathematical extrapolation and/or simulation data and/or machine learning and/or physical models.

For example, the prediction of the future course of the density in the future time interval can be carried out by means of mathematical extrapolation. In a simple case, this can be achieved by: trends are collected from known data and predictions are extrapolated.

Preferably, for this purpose at least data/measured values from at least 30 days, in particular 90 days, should be present, wherein at least one measured value should be present per day. However, it is also possible to provide that, for example, a simulation of the course of the density is carried out. For determining the future density profile, a physical model can also be used, which can predict the density profile more accurately, taking into account the configuration of the electrical energy transmission device and the physical properties of the used electrically insulating fluid. The use of machine learning algorithms may also be used to generate predictions. For example, in this case, a neural network (recurrent neural network) with Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM (Long-Short-Term-Memory) units) is particularly suitable, which can be trained on data history and translated into a sufficiently accurate predictive model (prediction).

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the data which have been determined at specific time intervals are used for trend analysis.

Generally, a change in the dielectric strength of an electrically insulating medium shows a long-term effect. Accordingly, data for relatively widely spaced points in time may be determined. The determination of the interval time points can be made, for example, from day intervals or week intervals. If necessary, external influences, such as the season, can also be used, so that only data determined at spaced time points with similar environmental conditions are taken into account. Thus, for example, it is possible to use only data that occurs at a particular time of day, for example at night, or data that occurs under a similar load of the power transmission device, or data that occurs at the same time during the year. Thereby, it is possible to select data for prediction and to eliminate the amount of error in a simple manner, for example by reducing the influence of climate fluctuations from the outset.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that historical data analysis is taken into account in the comparison.

In addition to the data determined for the respective power transmission device, historical data analysis can also be used, which is already present, for example, in other power transmission devices of the same or similar type of construction. Thus, for example, certain aging phenomena can be evaluated in an improved form, which do not always occur linearly and can improve the prediction quality of trend analysis or prediction of the future course of the dielectric strength or the density course. It may be provided that the historical data analysis is a data analysis which was created in the past for the same power transmission device.

For example, the historical data analysis and the current data analysis may be displayed in a common graphical representation.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that site-specific climate information is taken into account in the evaluation.

In addition to the time stamp, the data collected on the power transmission device preferably also has position coordinates. The climate information can thus be used to supplement the boundary conditions or environmental conditions at the time of the data acquisition and, if necessary, to reduce or reduce the disturbances caused by the climate, for example, occurring in the prediction. Thus, for example, fluctuations that occur occasionally point by point can be attributed to climatic events, so that the output of warnings or the prediction of reaching a threshold value is made more accurate.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the display is carried out in the form of a standardized pressure.

In addition to showing density or changes in density to account for dielectric strength, dielectric strength may also be shown in a normalized pressure scale. Here, for example, a conversion to an equivalent pressure at 20 ℃ is provided. Depending on requirements, different standardization may be used to display or predict the state of the dielectric strength of the electrically insulating fluid.

A further object is to provide a computer program product which, in the case of a program running on a data processing system, is designed to carry out the method according to the steps described above.

By means of the computer program product, the power transmission device can be continuously monitored. The monitoring can take place in specific time intervals, wherein the computer program product can be run distributively on different computers. For example, the use of a computer cloud is suitable in order to distributively provide computing power and enable rapid analysis of data and predictive output.

Drawings

Embodiments of the invention are schematically illustrated in the drawings and described in more detail below. In the drawings:

figure 1 shows a power transfer device which is,

figure 2 shows a relay device with data providers connected in parallel,

fig. 3 shows a relay device with data providers, which are connected by a multiplexer,

figure 4 shows an asymmetric clock control which is,

FIG. 5 shows symmetric clocking, an

Fig. 6 shows a time series of data.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows an electrical energy transmission device in a sectional view. In this case, an electrical energy transmission device transmits a three-phase ac voltage by means of three

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1 c. In fig. 1, three

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c are symbolically depicted as a single line diagram. Here, each of the three

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c has the same structure. In the extension of the

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c, there are arranged

disconnectors

2a, 2b, 2c, respectively. Subsequently, the

circuit breakers

3a, 3b, 3c are arranged in the extension of the

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c, respectively. For the electrical insulation of the

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c, the

disconnectors

2a, 2b, 2c and the

circuit breakers

3a, 3b, 3c, it is provided to use an electrically insulating fluid. In this case, a fluid volume is assigned to each of the

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c, which is separated from the fluid volumes of the

other phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1 c. For this separation, the

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c with the

disconnectors

2a, 2b, 2c and the

circuit breakers

3a, 3b, 3c are arranged in an encapsulating

housing

4a, 4b, 4c, respectively.

The

encapsulation housings

4a, 4b, 4c are substantially tubular and structurally identical, wherein an electrically insulating fluid is enclosed inside the

respective encapsulation housing

4a, 4b, 4 c. An electrically insulating fluid flows around the

phase conductors

1a, 1b, 1c and the

disconnectors

2a, 2b, 2c and the

circuit breakers

3a, 3b, 3 c. If necessary, the electrically insulating fluid can also act as an extinguishing gas for a switching arc which may occur. If necessary, each

encapsulation housing

4a, 4b, 4c can be subdivided into different sections, so that in extension within the

respective phase conductor

1a, 1b, 1c, additionally different insulating gas volumes can be arranged one behind the other, which are spaced apart from one another.

The dielectric strength of the electrically insulating fluid may be reduced due to its aging phenomenon. The aging phenomena may for example be caused by arcing or partial discharges, which may occur inside the electrically insulating fluid. Furthermore, it may also occur that electrically insulating fluid evaporates from the

encapsulation housing

4a, 4b, 4 c. For example, a loss of electrically insulating fluid may occur due to ageing of the sealing means. Such sealing means are provided, for example, in the region of the

flanges

5a, 5b, 5c, in order to combine the

encapsulation housing

4a, 4b, 4c from a plurality of sealed partial elements.

For monitoring the electrically insulating fluid,

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are arranged on the

respective encapsulation housing

4a, 4b, 4 c. The

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c determine data about the state of the electrically insulating fluid of the respective encapsulating

housing

4a, 4b, 4 c. Preferably, the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c may be so-called density monitors, which monitor the density of the electrically insulating fluid enclosed in the respective encapsulating

housing

4a, 4b, 4 c. The density monitor has the advantage that a reflection of the insulation strength can be obtained by the

data provider

6a, 6b, 6c independently of the external environment, i.e. in particular independently of the temperature.

Preferably, the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are analog sensors which output a proportionally changing electrical parameter, such as current, in proportion to the change in density of the electrically insulating fluid in the respectively monitored, encapsulated

housing

4a, 4b, 4 c. The

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are corresponding sensors which convert the density of the electrically insulating medium proportionally into an electrical current, in particular a direct current.

The connection of the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c to the first interface 7 of the relay device 8 is symbolically shown in fig. 2. The three

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are supplied with a variable input voltage, for example in the range of 10V to 32V dc voltage. Such a voltage supply may be provided, for example, via the first interface 7 of the relay device 8. The three

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are electrically connected in parallel with the first interface 7 of the relay device 8. Thus, the first data provider 6a is connected with the first interface 7, and the second data provider 6b is connected with the first interface 7. Furthermore, a third data provider 6c is connected to the first interface 7. All

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c supply their measured values in parallel in the form of currents to the same first interface 7. The

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are designed such that the currents output are added with the same polarity. Thereby it is ensured that no neutralization of the measured currents of the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c takes place.

In order to counteract an overload of the first interface 7 of the relay device 8, the safety device 9 is arranged in a return line, i.e. in a collecting line in which the currents of the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are added to one another. The safety device 9 has a resistor R1 and a resistor R2. The maximum current intensity that can be applied to the first interface 7 is standardized by means of a resistor R1, wherein an overcurrent can be drawn via a second resistor R2 connected to ground potential. In this way, a shunt is formed in a simple manner, which is a safety device 9 for the first interface 7 of the relay device 8.

If a plurality of

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are connected to a common first interface 7, it is provided that all

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c simultaneously supply data to the first interface 7. The data provided by the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are complementary to one another. This makes it possible to infer a change or a fault in the dielectric strength/density of the electrically insulating fluid in the

encapsulation housing

4a, 4b, 4c if a specific threshold value is exceeded. However, the

package housings

4a, 4b, 4c are not individually monitored. In contrast, a low-cost solution is created here to monitor a plurality of

encapsulation housings

4a, 4b, 4c or the electrically insulating fluid enclosed therein via a single interface 7 on the relay device 8. Thus, a greater number of electrically insulating fluids enclosed in the

different encapsulation housings

4a, 4b, 4c can be monitored using a low-cost relay device 8.

In addition to monitoring the electrically insulating fluid shown in fig. 1, which electrically insulates the

different phases

1a, 1b, 1c, it can also be provided that the insulating fluid enclosed in the

encapsulation

4a or 4b or 4c, but divided into different sections in the course of the

respective phase conductor

1a or 1b or 1c, is monitored.

The relay device 8 as known from fig. 1 may have a plurality of interfaces. Thus, a set of

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c may each be associated with a common interface 7. Preferably, these interfaces are designed as analog interfaces. However, it may also be provided that they are digital interfaces. Depending on the requirements and computing power, several interfaces, both analog and digital or several types of interfaces, can be designed on the relay device 8.

Furthermore, the means for acquiring position coordinates should be associated with the relay device 8, so that the information provided to the respective interface can be spatially correlated in the relay device 8. Thus, for example, the data provided by the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c can be combined with the position information in the relay device 8. If necessary, the respective temperature can also be detected on site, in particular at the relay device, and likewise combined with the data provided by the data providers 8a, 8b, 8 c. Furthermore, in the relay device 8, the data provided by the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c may be associated with time stamps.

A more convenient method of controlling the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c is shown in figure 3. There, the first data provider 6a, the second data provider 6b and the third data provider 6c are also connected to the known relay device 8 in fig. 1. The relay device 8 has a first interface 7. In this case, the first interface 7 is also an analog interface. The

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c are again connected in parallel to the first interface 7 of the relay device 8. However, the use of a multiplexer 10 is now provided, which can be clocked by a clock 11. By means of the multiplexer 10, an alternating connection of one of the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c to the first interface 7 can take place in each case according to the desired time interval. Thus, the data provided by each

individual data provider

6a, 6b, 6c can be independently resolved, taking into account the clocking imposed by the clock 11 of the multiplexer 10. Accordingly, the time signal of the clock 11 of the multiplexer 10 may be provided with an asymmetric clocking, i.e. as shown in fig. 4, for example, a larger time window may be provided for the first data provider 6a than for the second and

third data providers

6a, 6b, 6 c. This time signal can be processed in the relay device 8 together with the data provided by the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6 c. The advantage of such asymmetrically distributed clocking is that an automatic or autonomous restart is possible even in the event of a loss of clocking (Au β er-Takt-Fallen), since the corresponding clocking of the first data provider 6a can be recognized on the basis of the increased time interval of this first data provider 6a due to the asymmetry.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, symmetrical clocking may be performed at uniform time intervals over the sequence of three

data providers

6a, 6b, 6 c.

The data acquired by the relay device 8 about the state of the electrically insulating medium, in particular the insulation strength, are transmitted to and received by the processing device. The data collected by the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c, respectively, for example data about the density of the electrically insulating fluid, can be further processed in the processing device. Preferably, the data provided by the

data providers

6a, 6b, 6c can be supplemented in the relay device 8, for example with respect to position coordinates, temperature, atmospheric pressure, time stamps, etc. This possibly supplementary data is transmitted directly or indirectly to the processing means. For example, the processing device may include a computer cloud or local computer. The transmitted data are then processed by the processing means and output in chronological order, for example in the form of a line graph in a graphical interface. The corresponding display is made in fig. 6. The transmitted data are already processed, converted and prepared for a suitable graphical representation in the processing device if necessary. The temporal profile of the density up to now is plotted as a map of the dielectric strength in one gas space or in a selected gas space up to the time t1 which represents the current time. If a value below the first limit value 12 has occurred in the data determined by the

data provider

6a, 6b, 6c, a warning is output. The first limit value 12 has a first level 12a and a second level 12 b. Here, the first level 12a is the alarm level at which a significant density loss has been determined. The second level 12b represents a fault level, which has raised a question of the electrical operating safety of the electrical energy transmission device.

To ensure sufficient warning time, the analysis method also provides for predicting the development of the dielectric strength/density. Here, for example, it is considered at what frequency/intensity switching within the electrically insulating fluid or faults within the electrically insulating fluid occurred in the past. In addition to the switching behavior that currently occurs in the electrically insulating fluid or the occurrence of a switching arc, the leakage rate is known from the structure of the electrical energy transmission device, which leakage rate leads to a reduction in the density of the electrically insulating medium and thus in the strength of the electrical insulation as a function of the lifetime of the electrical energy transmission rate. Accordingly, this parameter can also be introduced in the prediction of the future course of the density development of the electrically insulating medium.

In this case, the analysis method can, in a simple case, perform a mathematical extrapolation of the data that have already been acquired. If necessary, the simulation data can also be taken into account by using a simulation method in order to plot the trend of the change in the electrical insulation strength. Physical models are particularly suitable for this. By using machine learning algorithms, i.e. algorithms self-learned from a large amount of data already known, to infer the current behaviour of the electrical energy transmission device, the future density profile of the electrical insulation medium being monitored can be predetermined.

In order to stabilize the analysis, it can be provided that only selected data of the data series are used as a basis for the analysis, for example only measured values which are determined at the same respective time point of the day are used. Thus, for example, it may be preferred to process only these data at predetermined intervals or at intervals of time, for example in the case of a specific load situation or in the case of a specific environmental situation of the electrical energy transmission device, for example in the nighttime. Since the change in density is usually a very long-term effect, it is also possible to compare the data acquired at a particular time of the year with one another, for example, so that relatively long-term intervals can be used to predict the density profile of the electrical insulation medium being monitored.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide for the use of a similar historical data analysis of the electrical energy transmission device. In particular, non-linear processes, such as those which may occur repeatedly in daily life, can thus be better taken into account, so that the quality of the prediction of the dielectric strength/density of the electrically insulating medium can be improved again.

Since the relay device 8 is set to position coordinates for the data it collects, information about the climate conditions at the respective point in time (time stamp) at which the data are collected can also be determined in a simple manner from the database. For example, information regarding temperature or lightning phenomena within the surrounding environment of the electrical energy transfer device being monitored may be distributed. This can be achieved, for example, by setting different weights for the data considered in the prediction, so that the quality of the prediction is improved.

In an advantageous manner, the relay device 8 can be designed as a so-called Internet of Things (IoT) gateway, so that starting from the relay device 8, the data collected there are transmitted to a computer cloud (processing means) and processed there. Part of such a computer cloud may be, for example, a portable computer having a graphical user Interface (HMI) providing a Human-Machine-Interface (HMI). A graphical representation of the already determined density profile and the predicted density profile can be provided on this interface, for example, as shown in fig. 6, wherein the respective prediction reaches a first level 12a of the first limit value 12 and a second level 12b thereof. From the current point in time t1, the point in time t2 of the alarm and the point in time t3 of the major fault can be predetermined. Even before the actual warning value is reached, i.e. before the first level 12a of the first limit threshold 12, there is already the possibility here of taking measures, for example to intensify observation or maintenance work. If necessary, operating recommendations can already be made for the corresponding power transmission device. These operating recommendations may relate to the same operation, such as reducing thermal load, reducing voltage, reducing current load, and the like. However, it is also possible to give a prompt in what form maintenance is to be carried out in order to positively influence the prediction and to further extend the predicted point in time at which the first limit value 12 is reached into the future.

Claims

1. An electrical energy transmission device (1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) with a status acquisition device, having a relay device (8) and at least a first data provider (6a) connected to a first interface (7) of the relay device (8), characterized in that a second data provider (6b) is connected to the first interface (7).

2. The power transfer device (1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second data providers (6a, 6b) simultaneously provide the first interface (7) with data complementary to each other.

3. The power transmission device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the data of the first and second data providers (6a, 6b) are supplied to the first interface (7) in a time-clocked manner.

4. The power transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that the time-clocking of the data of the first and second data providers (6a, 6) is performed in an asymmetrically distributed manner.

5. The electrical energy transmission arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first and second data providers (6a, 6b) are connected to the relay device (8) by a common line, wherein a safety device (9) is arranged in the common line.

6. Electrical energy transfer device according to claim 5, characterized in that the safety device (9) has a shunt.

7. The electrical energy transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first and second data providers (6a, 6b) provide status information about the electrically insulating medium.

8. A method for analyzing the state of an electrically insulating medium of an electric energy transmission device,

receiving data on the condition of the electrically insulating fluid of the treatment device, in particular the insulation strength,

the received data are processed and output chronologically, and a warning is output if at least a first limit value (12) is reached and/or if at least a first limit value (12) is predicted to be reached.

9. An analysis method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the position coordinates are assigned to the time-sequential data.

10. An analysis method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the first limit value (12) has a first level and a second level (12a, 12 b).

11. The analysis method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the development of the insulation strength is predicted taking into account the switching process of the power transmission device.

12. An analysis method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the expected change in dielectric strength over a specific period of time is stored.

13. Analytical method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterised in that the prediction is made by mathematical extrapolation and/or simulation data and/or machine learning and/or physical models.

14. Analytical method according to one of the claims 8 to 13, characterised in that data which have been determined at specific time intervals are used for trend analysis.

15. The analysis method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that historical data analysis is taken into account in the comparison.

16. The analysis method according to any of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that site-specific climate information is taken into account in the analysis.

17. The assay of any one of claims 8 to 16, wherein the display is in the form of a normalised pressure.

18. A computer program product designed to perform the method according to any one of claims 8 to 17, in the case of a program running in a data processing system.