CN113809347A - Corrosion-resistant coating of fuel cell metal bipolar plate and preparation process thereof - Google Patents

Corrosion-resistant coating of fuel cell metal bipolar plate and preparation process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113809347A
CN113809347A CN202111055053.XA CN202111055053A CN113809347A CN 113809347 A CN113809347 A CN 113809347A CN 202111055053 A CN202111055053 A CN 202111055053A CN 113809347 A CN113809347 A CN 113809347A
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China
Prior art keywords
corrosion
layer
fuel cell
bipolar plate
metal
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CN202111055053.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
应韬
闫鹏飞
曾小勤
李扬欣
李德江
王乐耘
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN202111055053.XA priority Critical patent/CN113809347A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223Composites
    • H01M8/0228Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206Metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0232Metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241Composites
    • H01M8/0245Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention relates to a corrosion-resistant coating of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate and a preparation process thereof, wherein the corrosion-resistant coating comprises a conductive adhesive colloid layer coated on the surface of a metal polar plate and a strong corrosion-resistant layer arranged on the outer surface of the conductive adhesive colloid layer, and the strong corrosion-resistant layer is one of a conductive polymer sheet, a conductive ceramic sheet or a carbon-based film. The invention utilizes the outer layer strong corrosion resistant layer to effectively prevent the metal bipolar plate from being corroded by the fuel cell environment, utilizes the inner side high-conductivity colloid layer to combine the film and the substrate, and simultaneously effectively reduces the contact resistance between the film and the substrate interface due to the existence of the high-conductivity colloid layer. The metal bipolar plate is subjected to surface treatment by a bonding method, and the strong corrosion-resistant layer can be prepared independently, so that the problem of an interface between the outer strong corrosion-resistant layer and the metal polar plate is not required to be considered, the selection range of the corrosion-resistant protective film layer and the metal polar plate material is greatly expanded, the metal bipolar plate can be suitable for metal bipolar plates made of various materials after the strong corrosion-resistant layer is selected, and the adaptability of a single film layer to different metal polar plates is improved.

Description

Corrosion-resistant coating of fuel cell metal bipolar plate and preparation process thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and relates to a corrosion-resistant coating of a metal bipolar plate of a fuel cell and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are a type of Fuel Cell, which uses hydrogen and oxygen respectively introduced into the inside as energy sources to generate electricity through redox reaction for supplying power. The power generation process does not involve Carnot cycle, so that the energy utilization rate is high, no pollution is caused, the working temperature is low, the starting speed is high, and the energy generation system is considered to be a novel energy source which is most suitable for being applied to vehicles in recent years.
Key components of PEMFCs include Membrane Electrodes (MEAs), end plates, and bipolar plates, etc. During the operation of the PEMFC, the bipolar plate plays multiple roles including supporting the MEA, conducting current, conducting gas, removing reaction heat, etc., and its mass and volume respectively account for over 70% and 80% of the total fuel cell. Therefore, the bipolar plate should have good mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and the like, and the corrosion resistance of the bipolar plate is also important because the internal working environment of the fuel cell contains sulfuric acid (pH 2-3) and hydrofluoric acid (0.1ppm) and the working temperature is 80 ℃.
In recent years, a series of defects of high processing cost, low yield and the like of the graphite bipolar plate are gradually replaced by the metal bipolar plate, the metal bipolar plate has thin volume, high mechanical strength and convenient control of processing technology, and has very wide application prospect, however, the common metal bipolar plate usually has severe corrosion in a harsh battery environment, the working efficiency of the fuel cell is greatly reduced, and the requirement of long-term working cannot be met, so that the preparation of the surface film layer of the metal bipolar plate becomes the mainstream direction for improving the corrosion resistance of the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell.
At present, the selection aspect of the material of the metal pole plate and the material of the protective film layer is relatively fixed, the selection range of the material of the metal pole plate and the material of the film layer is small, the selected corrosion-resistant film layer and the preparation method thereof are usually only suitable for specific metal pole plates, the interface transition problem between the film layer and a base body is considered, the material of the film layer and the preparation method of the film layer are usually required to be adjusted according to different metal characteristics when the material of the metal pole plate is changed, and the process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a corrosion-resistant coating of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate and a preparation process thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention provides a corrosion-resistant coating of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate, which comprises a conductive adhesive colloid layer coated on the surface of a metal polar plate and a strong corrosion-resistant layer arranged on the outer surface of the conductive adhesive colloid layer, wherein the strong corrosion-resistant layer is one of a conductive polymer sheet, a conductive ceramic sheet or a carbon-based film.
Further, the conductive polymer sheet is a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet.
Further, the conductive adhesive colloid layer is a copper paste layer. Generally, copper paste is not strong in corrosion resistance and the like and is rarely used as a connecting layer in a fuel cell, and the invention can effectively isolate the permeation of corrosive media by arranging a strong corrosion-resistant layer on the outer layer for corrosion prevention, thereby avoiding the corrosion of the copper paste, enabling the adoption of the low-cost copper paste as a conductive adhesive colloid layer and simultaneously fully utilizing the conductivity of the copper paste to conduct current.
Further, the thickness of the conductive adhesive colloid layer is less than 30 μm.
Furthermore, the thickness of the strong corrosion-resistant layer is 20-100 mu m.
Further, the over-plane resistance of the strong corrosion-resistant layer should be lower than 15m omega cm2(ASTM C-611)。
Furthermore, the metal pole plate is made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy.
The second technical scheme of the invention provides a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant coating of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mechanically polishing a metal polar plate, ultrasonically cleaning the metal polar plate by adopting an organic solvent, and then coating a conductive viscous colloid on the surface of the metal polar plate to obtain an uncured pasty conductive viscous colloid layer;
(2) cutting the strong corrosion-resistant layer to a specified shape, attaching the strong corrosion-resistant layer to the pasty conductive adhesive colloid layer, and applying pressure to make the strong corrosion-resistant layer fully contact with the conductive adhesive colloid layer;
(3) and (3) placing the metal polar plate in an oven for curing, and maintaining the applied pressure to finish the preparation of the corrosion-resistant coating on the fuel cell metal bipolar plate.
Further, in the step (2) and the step (3), the applied pressure is 10-100N.
Further, in the step (3), the curing temperature is 120-160 ℃, and the curing time is 1-2 hours.
In the invention, the strong corrosion resistant layer is used as a key barrier for protecting the metal polar plate, the corrosion resistance and the thickness of the strong corrosion resistant layer cannot be too low, otherwise, the failure risk of the bipolar plate is increased, and meanwhile, the thickness of the strong corrosion resistant layer does not need to be too high under the condition of considering the cost, otherwise, the production cost is increased; the self-corrosion current density of the strong corrosion-resistant layer and the corrosion current density under the anode potential directly determine the corrosion speed of the whole metal polar plate and the service life of the metal polar plate, so that the lower the self-corrosion current density and the corrosion current density under the anode potential, the better the self-corrosion current density and the corrosion current density under the anode potential are; a strong corrosion resistant layer requires a certain conductivity to conduct the current, which affects the output of the fuel cell, so that the lower its in-plane resistance the better.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the preparation method utilizes a bonding process to prepare the surface protective coating of the metal bipolar plate, utilizes the conductive colloid to apply the strong corrosion resistant layer on the surface of the metal bipolar plate, effectively avoids the metal bipolar plate from contacting with a corrosive medium in a fuel cell environment, and simultaneously utilizes the excellent conductivity of the conductive colloid to obviously reduce the resistance at a film-substrate interface;
(2) large-scale instruments and equipment are not required;
(3) interface problems do not need to be considered, and the selection range of film layer materials is wide;
(4) after the corrosion-resistant layer is selected, the method is suitable for metal bipolar plates made of various materials, so that the matching selection between the film layer material and the metal bipolar plate is more diversified;
(5) the preparation process is simple and quick.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a corrosion-resistant coating in example 1;
FIG. 2 is the pH 3 at 80 ℃ H for the sample of example 12SO4Current density curve of 0.84v (vs she) constant potential polarization 10000s in (0.1ppm HF containing) solution;
FIG. 3 is the results of the contact resistance test of the sample in example 1;
FIG. 4 shows the results of electrochemical tests on the sample obtained in comparative example 1;
fig. 5 shows the results of electrochemical tests on the sample obtained in comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, the metal plate material used was 316L stainless steel; the conductive colloid used was a commercially available product: shenzhen Xiatch science and technology Limited, model number S-Y3001 (which is copper paste).
The remainder, unless otherwise specified, indicates that they are all conventional commercial products or conventional materials in the art.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a bonding preparation process of a corrosion-resistant coating for a metal bipolar plate of a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
1) pretreating a metal polar plate: and mechanically polishing the polar plate, and carrying out ultrasonic vibration cleaning on the pure magnesium bipolar plate by sequentially using acetone and absolute ethyl alcohol.
2) Preparation of the conductive colloid layer 2 (i.e., conductive adhesive colloid layer): coating the conductive colloid on the surface of the metal polar plate 1 by adopting a blade coating blade to obtain an uncured conductive colloid layer 2, wherein the coating thickness is 50 microns;
3) strong corrosion resistant layer: cutting a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet with a thickness of 20 μm to 1cm2And attaching the conductive colloid layer 2 on the surface to form a strong corrosion-resistant layer 3.
4) A pressure of 10 to 100N (20N is selected in the present embodiment) is applied to the surface of the strong corrosion resistant layer 3 to make the conductive colloid layer 2 and the strong corrosion resistant layer 3 fully contact.
5) The metal pole plate 1 coated with the anticorrosive coating is placed into a drying oven, the temperature is set to 120-160 ℃ (130 ℃ in the embodiment) and the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours (1.5 hours in the embodiment), so that the conductive colloid layer 2 is completely cured, the strong corrosion-resistant layer 3 is bonded with the metal pole plate 1, and the structure obtained after the coating is prepared is shown in figure 1.
6) The prepared coating is subjected to performance characterization, the electrochemical test result in the fuel cell environment is shown in figure 2, and it can be seen from the figure that the corrosion current density after the stable coating is lower than 5 multiplied by 10-8uA/cm2The corrosion performance requirement index of the United states energy department for the fuel cell bipolar plate in 2020 is met.
Meanwhile, the test result of the contact resistance of the coating is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from the figure that the contact resistance is remarkably reduced with the increase of the pressure, and 9m Ω · cm is obtained under 1.4Mpa2Meets the requirement index of the United states energy department of 2020 on the contact resistance of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, namely not more than 10m omega cm under the pressure of 1.4MPa2
Comparative example 1:
compared with the example 1, most of the materials are the same, except that the metal plate material is replaced by the aluminum alloy, fig. 4 shows the electrochemical test result under the same electrochemical environment, and it can be seen that the corrosion current density has not changed significantly, and thus it can be seen that the performance can still be exerted even if the metal plate material is replaced after the corrosion resistant film layer is selected.
Comparative example 2:
compared with example 1, the method is mostly the same except that the strong corrosion resistant layer is replaced by a tantalum foil with the thickness of 20 μm, and FIG. 5 shows the electricity of the method under the same electrochemical environmentAs a result of chemical tests, it was found that the corrosion current density was also lower than 5X 10 which is required in the energy department- 8uA/cm2. However, it should be noted that, in the case of tantalum foil and the like, the resistance is easily increased due to passivation in the subsequent use process, thereby affecting the working efficiency of the bipolar plate, while the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet used in example 1 is not a metal material, and thus passivation and the like are not generated.
Example 2:
compared with example 1, the method is mostly the same except that the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet is changed into a conductive ceramic sheet with the same thickness.
Example 3:
compared with example 1, the same is mostly true except that the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet is changed to a carbon-based thin film of the same thickness.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The corrosion-resistant coating of the fuel cell metal bipolar plate is characterized by comprising a conductive adhesive colloid layer coated on the surface of a metal polar plate and a strong corrosion-resistant layer arranged on the outer surface of the conductive adhesive colloid layer, wherein the strong corrosion-resistant layer is one of a conductive polymer sheet, a conductive ceramic sheet or a carbon-based film.
2. The corrosion-resistant coating for a fuel cell metallic bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said conductive polymer sheet is a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet.
3. The corrosion-resistant coating for a fuel cell metallic bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said electrically conductive adhesive gel layer is a copper paste layer.
4. The corrosion-resistant coating for a fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein said electrically conductive adhesive gel layer has a thickness of less than 30 μm.
5. The corrosion-resistant coating of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the strong corrosion-resistant layer is 20 to 100 μm.
6. The corrosion-resistant coating for a metal bipolar plate of a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high corrosion-resistant layer has an over-plane resistance of less than 15m Ω -cm2
7. The corrosion-resistant coating of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate is made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy.
8. The method for preparing a corrosion-resistant coating layer of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) mechanically polishing a metal polar plate, ultrasonically cleaning the metal polar plate by adopting an organic solvent, and then coating a conductive viscous colloid on the surface of the metal polar plate to obtain an uncured pasty conductive viscous colloid layer;
(2) cutting the strong corrosion-resistant layer to a specified shape, attaching the strong corrosion-resistant layer to the pasty conductive adhesive colloid layer, and applying pressure to make the strong corrosion-resistant layer fully contact with the conductive adhesive colloid layer;
(3) and (3) placing the metal polar plate in an oven for curing, and maintaining the applied pressure to finish the preparation of the corrosion-resistant coating on the fuel cell metal bipolar plate.
9. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant coating of the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pressure applied in the steps (2) and (3) is 10-100N.
10. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant coating of the fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the curing temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the curing time is 1-2 h.
CN202111055053.XA 2021-09-09 2021-09-09 Corrosion-resistant coating of fuel cell metal bipolar plate and preparation process thereof Pending CN113809347A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116174546A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-05-30 佛山高谱机械科技有限公司 Pipe thermal bending method based on composite action of electric conduction and self lubrication

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN109904479A (en) * 2019-02-22 2019-06-18 佛山科学技术学院 A kind of composite anti-corrosion fuel battery metal double polar plate and preparation method thereof
CN111900426A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-11-06 上海交通大学 Fuel cell bipolar plate anticorrosive coating and preparation method thereof
CN212676307U (en) * 2020-08-10 2021-03-09 四川大学 Porous metal composite bipolar plate for fuel cell
CN112310429A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-02 上海交通大学 Corrosion-resistant coating for fuel cell bipolar plate and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116174546A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-05-30 佛山高谱机械科技有限公司 Pipe thermal bending method based on composite action of electric conduction and self lubrication

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Application publication date: 20211217