CN113807868A - Vaccine credible tracing system based on block chain technology, construction method and application - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vaccine management, and discloses a block chain technology-based vaccine trusted traceability system construction method. The invention is based on a block chain and credible tracing technology, all relevant parties in the processes of examining, approving, producing, circulating, inoculating and the like of a vaccine can be linked up, the information of each transaction link is tracked and recorded in the whole process, and a traceable safe inoculation credit system is constructed by forming a combined code by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, an audience code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code. The block chain plus vaccine credible tracing system is constructed, so that reliable source, non-falsification, whole-process supervision, human-vaccine association, code scanning inoculation and credible tracing are realized, and public health is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vaccine management, and particularly relates to a credible vaccine tracing system based on a block chain technology, a construction method and application.
Background
At present, in recent years, starting from the point of guaranteeing and improving the health of people, benefiting the health of the masses, establishing overall coordination, standardization and orderly promotion of the informationized construction work of the health of people, successively establishing a vaccine management system, wherein the processes of checking, circulation and the like of each link of purchasing, distribution and circulation, cold chain storage, inoculation and the like of vaccines have strict management systems, and a special person is responsible for handover and recording, and vaccine certificates, batch issuance certificates and the like are also managed by the special person. However, records such as vaccine circulation, vaccine batch number and the like are mainly based on code scanning or manual registration and manual handover, and the problems of vaccine safety, information counterfeiting and the like caused by objective omission of personnel, subjective covering and the like exist. Leading to frequent vaccine safety events, and urgently needing to construct a whole-process traceable and credible system of the vaccine and the cold chain.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing vaccine circulation links are multiple, information is not transparent, the stock management efficiency of the immunization terminal is low, the inoculation statistics is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and no management tracing related system or method exists.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is:
the vaccine is divided into production, operation and circulation and inoculation, only two sections of production and inoculation are provided at present, the two sections belong to the administration of food and drug administration and the administration of national health and health committee, the two sections have related information management, after a vaccine production enterprise transports to an inoculation unit, a tracing chain is broken, the proceeding direction of subsequent medicines is not clear, and the tracing of the whole process of the vaccine is not left.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
based on the block chain technology, all relevant parties in the processes of examining, approving, producing, circulating, inoculating and the like of the vaccine can be linked up, the information of each transaction link is tracked and recorded in the whole process, a traceable safe inoculation credit system is constructed by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, a audience code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code, and the traceable safe inoculation credit system is realized, so that the reliable source, the non-falsification, the whole-process supervision, the human-vaccine correlation, the code scanning inoculation and the credible traceability are realized. When a certain link has a problem, the vaccine can be accurately positioned and quickly traced, so that convenience is brought to vaccine supervision, and public health is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a vaccine credible tracing system construction method based on a block chain technology.
The invention is realized in such a way that a block chain technology-based vaccine credible traceability system construction method comprises the following steps:
and establishing a vaccine credible tracing system based on the block chain technology by adopting an alliance chain architecture and a group combination node mixed mode and determining a business architecture, a hardware architecture, a software architecture and a data docking interface scheme.
Further, the block chain technology-based vaccine credible traceability system construction method comprises the following steps:
step one, a three-layer system architecture of 3-2-3 is built by adopting a main multi-side mode; building a block chain as a bottom foundation framework, and performing full-flow data uplink by using a block chain encryption algorithm, a consensus mechanism and other technologies;
step two, adopting an alliance chain architecture as a vaccine tracing scene technical architecture, and adopting a group + node mixed mode;
and step three, providing a node admission mechanism to enable each node to be authorized to join the network.
Further, the 3-2-3 three-tier system architecture comprises:
3 sub-platforms, namely an immune planning platform basic service sub-platform, an immune planning platform data acquisition sub-platform and an immune planning application sub-platform;
2 service system standards, namely an immune planning public service system and an immune planning application and supervision system;
3 service support systems, namely a standard specification system, a safety guarantee system and an operation and maintenance management system
Further, the whole process information comprises information of manufacturers, disease control centers, transportation and seedling inoculators.
Further, the adopting the group + node hybrid mode includes:
adopting a point-to-point network architecture, and arranging a light node, a full node and a super node; the vaccine production enterprise group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the province, city and county disease control center group is defined as a full node mode, the cold chain transportation group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the basic inoculation unit group is defined as a full node + light node mode, and the supervision organization group is defined as a super node.
Further, the block chain technology-based vaccine trusted traceability system construction method further comprises the following steps:
(1) building a alliance chain management subsystem: building block chain automatic deployment function: building a block chain system by adding information of alliances, organizations, nodes and chain codes;
(2) and constructing a block chain browser, a message forwarding subsystem, a user authority subsystem and an external interface management subsystem.
The invention also aims to provide a vaccine credible traceability system based on the block chain technology, which is constructed by utilizing the vaccine credible traceability system construction method based on the block chain technology, wherein the vaccine credible traceability system based on the block chain technology comprises: resource layer, block chain layer, service layer, interface layer and application layer.
Further, the credible vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology further comprises:
the alliance chain management subsystem is used for carrying out progress inquiry, statistical information display, node monitoring and alliance management;
the block chain browser is used for searching information on the block chain, displaying basic information of the block chain and managing the block information;
the message forwarding subsystem is used for forwarding block data, channel data and monitoring data: and chain code data forwarding;
the user authority subsystem is used for carrying out user management, role management and resource management;
and the external interface management subsystem is used for providing data access chain storage and inquiry and other basic data docking function interface management.
Further, the trusted vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology further comprises:
the light node allows for inquiring the block data in the group and writing the data uplink, the block data only comprises result data, and all process data are not synchronized;
a full node allowing for querying block data within the group and writing data uplinks, the block data including all process data and result data;
and the super node allows all block data of the alliance chain to be checked and data uplink work to be written, wherein the block data comprises all process and result data.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a block chain technology-based vaccine trusted traceability method applied to the block chain technology-based vaccine trusted traceability system, where the block chain technology-based vaccine trusted traceability method includes:
vaccine product production enterprises, entrusted distribution enterprises, disease prevention control centers, inoculation units, inoculated children and other related information are recorded in the whole process of the block chain, and time stamps, positions, temperatures and other dynamic information in the vaccine circulation process are written into the block chain, so that the whole process of the vaccine can be traced, the data sources are reliable, and a monitoring party can supervise the whole process.
Further, the credible vaccine tracing method based on the block chain technology further comprises the following steps:
recording the information of each transaction link of examination and approval, production, circulation and inoculation of the vaccine, forming a combined code by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, an audience code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code, and constructing a traceable safe inoculation credit system for tracing the vaccine.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the credible vaccine tracing method based on the block chain technology in a whole-course traceable and credible system of vaccines and cold chains.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the technology combines the block chain technology and the credible tracing of the vaccine, is a technical scheme for storing, verifying, transmitting and communicating network data of each state of the vaccine through self distributed nodes without depending on a third party, and has the characteristics of decentralization, openness, independence, safety, anonymity and the like. The whole process of value transfer (transaction) can be recorded completely and in a non-tampering way through the block chain, so that the credibility problems of data recording and transaction process can be solved.
The invention constructs a 'block chain plus' vaccine tracing system, accelerates the deep fusion of medical health and the Internet, innovates the service form and improves the service efficiency.
Based on a 'block chain plus' credible tracing technology, all relevant parties in the processes of examining, approving, producing, circulating, inoculating and the like of the vaccine can 'uplink', the information of each transaction link is tracked and recorded in the whole process, and a traceable safe inoculation credit system is constructed by forming a combined code by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, an audience code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code.
The construction of the block chain plus vaccine credible traceability system realizes reliable source, non-falsification, whole-process supervision, human-vaccine association, code scanning inoculation and credible traceability and provides guarantee for public health.
The invention introduces a block chain into credible tracing of the vaccine, actively promotes the establishment of an informatization tracing system covering the whole processes of vaccine production, circulation and vaccination, realizes the tracing of the whole vaccine process, realizes the traceable source, traceable destination and accountability, improves the working level and efficiency of vaccine supervision, and practically ensures the quality safety of the vaccine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a trusted vaccine traceability system based on a block chain technology according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the seedling tracing closed-loop management provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block chain +' vaccine tracing overall architecture diagram provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block chain architecture design diagram provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a block chain +' vaccine traceability whole system node design diagram provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a block chain + vaccine traceability whole system block chain system architecture design diagram provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system technical architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a front-end and a rear-end architecture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an input terminal architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an application layer architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a privacy architecture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a diagram of the basic information of a vaccine provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a diagram of vaccine invoice information provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 14 is a diagram of vaccine warehousing information provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a diagram of vaccine export information provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for constructing a credible vaccine traceability system based on a block chain technology, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for constructing the credible vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology comprises the following steps:
and establishing a vaccine credible tracing system based on the block chain technology by adopting an alliance chain architecture and a group combination node mixed mode and determining a business architecture, a hardware architecture, a software architecture and a data docking interface scheme.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for constructing a trusted vaccine traceability system based on a block chain technology according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101, building a 3-2-3 three-layer system architecture by adopting a main multi-side mode; building a block chain as a bottom foundation framework, and performing full-flow data uplink by using a block chain encryption algorithm, a consensus mechanism and other technologies;
s102, adopting an alliance chain architecture as a vaccine tracing scene technical architecture, and adopting a group + node mixed mode;
s103, a node admission mechanism is provided, and each node can be authorized to join the network.
The three-layer system architecture of 3-2-3 provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
3 sub-platforms, namely an immune planning platform basic service sub-platform, an immune planning platform data acquisition sub-platform and an immune planning application sub-platform;
2 service system standards, namely an immune planning public service system and an immune planning application and supervision system;
3 service support systems, namely a standard specification system, a safety guarantee system and an operation and maintenance management system
The whole process information provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises information of manufacturers, disease control centers, transportation and seedling inoculators.
The group + node mixed mode provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
adopting a point-to-point network architecture, and arranging a light node, a full node and a super node; the vaccine production enterprise group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the province, city and county disease control center group is defined as a full node mode, the cold chain transportation group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the basic inoculation unit group is defined as a full node + light node mode, and the supervision organization group is defined as a super node.
The method for constructing the credible vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology further comprises the following steps:
(1) building a alliance chain management subsystem: building block chain automatic deployment function: building a block chain system by adding information of alliances, organizations, nodes and chain codes;
(2) and constructing a block chain browser, a message forwarding subsystem, a user authority subsystem and an external interface management subsystem.
The block chain technology-based vaccine credible tracing system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: resource layer, block chain layer, service layer, interface layer and application layer.
The block chain technology-based vaccine credible tracing system provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises:
the alliance chain management subsystem is used for carrying out progress inquiry, statistical information display, node monitoring and alliance management;
the block chain browser is used for searching information on the block chain, displaying basic information of the block chain and managing the block information;
the message forwarding subsystem is used for forwarding block data, channel data and monitoring data: and chain code data forwarding;
the user authority subsystem is used for carrying out user management, role management and resource management;
and the external interface management subsystem is used for providing data access chain storage and inquiry and other basic data docking function interface management.
The block chain technology-based vaccine credible tracing system provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises:
the light node allows for inquiring the block data in the group and writing the data uplink, the block data only comprises result data, and all process data are not synchronized;
a full node allowing for querying block data within the group and writing data uplinks, the block data including all process data and result data;
and the super node allows all block data of the alliance chain to be checked and data uplink work to be written, wherein the block data comprises all process and result data.
The credible vaccine tracing method based on the block chain technology provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
vaccine product production enterprises, entrusted distribution enterprises, disease prevention control centers, inoculation units, inoculated children and other related information are recorded in the whole process of the block chain, and time stamps, positions, temperatures and other dynamic information in the vaccine circulation process are written into the block chain, so that the whole process of the vaccine can be traced, the data sources are reliable, and a monitoring party can supervise the whole process.
The credible vaccine tracing method based on the block chain technology provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps:
recording the information of each transaction link of examination and approval, production, circulation and inoculation of the vaccine, forming a combined code by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, an audience code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code, and constructing a traceable safe inoculation credit system for tracing the vaccine.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1:
1. system construction
1.1 construction of the target
The block chain technology can be applied to various fields, has wide application prospect, ensures real-time sharing, truthfulness and traceability of vaccine and cold chain data by utilizing core technical characteristics of block chain distributed accounts, non-falsification, timestamps and the like, encrypts and chains information of vaccine manufacturers, circulation processes, cold chain storage and inoculation records, realizes specific responsibility, enables management to be more intelligent and efficient, and can also achieve the purpose of participation of the whole people in supervision. Through the construction of the system, people can master the inoculation time in advance through the mobile phone terminal, the reserved inoculation service is realized, the inoculation outpatient service is reached within the appointed time, and the on-site waiting time is greatly shortened. The mobile phone can also inquire detailed and complete vaccine and vaccination information of the user and the child in real time, so that the source, circulation and other conditions of the vaccine for each vaccination can be grasped in time, and the vaccination is more secure.
1.2 service requirements
The block chain has the characteristics of decentralization and non-falsification, all relevant parties in the processes of vaccine approval, production, circulation, inoculation and the like can be linked up based on the block chain technology, information of each transaction link is tracked and recorded in the whole process, a joint code is formed by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, an audience code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code, a traceable safe inoculation credit system is constructed, and reliable source, non-falsification, whole-process supervision, human-vaccine association, code scanning inoculation and credible traceability are realized. When a problem occurs in a certain link, the vaccine can be accurately positioned and quickly traced, so that convenience is brought to vaccine supervision, and public health is guaranteed.
The block chain manager can be formed by jointly participating in government or industry alliance and third-party organization, does not participate in updating and maintaining data on the chain, is only responsible for maintaining information of block chain members, and promotes innovation of vaccine intelligent supervision mode through data interconnection and intercommunication and social co-treatment force aggregation, promotes modernization of vaccine supervision system and supervision capacity, constructs vaccine tracing closed-loop management (see figure 1), improves government vaccine management credibility, and enhances the vaccination satisfaction of common people.
1.3 construction task
1.3.1 technical architecture design
There are 3 modes of blockchains: public chains (public chains), federated chains (consortium chains), and private chains (private chains). Public chains are fully decentralized, unlicensed block chains, and any node can enter and retrieve information. A federation chain is a partially decentralized blockchain, typically managed collectively by multiple enterprises, that can only be accessed by users authorized by an enterprise. A private chain is a fully centralized blockchain with access rights controlled by a central authority. In order to meet the implementation of vaccine tracing and cold chain monitoring block chain scenes, the technical architecture adopts an alliance chain architecture, a group + node mixed mode is adopted, and the architecture of the 'block chain +' vaccine cold chain comprises 4 aspects: business architecture, hardware architecture, software architecture, and data interfacing scheme.
1.3.2 Federation chain management subsystem construction
The alliance chain management subsystem comprises the following. Firstly, the automatic deployment function of the building block chain: building a block chain system by adding information of alliances, organizations, nodes and chain codes; secondly, progress inquiry: the current creating process is displayed, so that a user can know the progress condition more intuitively; thirdly, displaying statistical information: visually displaying information such as the number of alliances, the number of organizations, the number of nodes and the like on a homepage; fourthly, monitoring the nodes: monitoring of the node host and the related process is realized; fifthly, alliance management: the method comprises the management functions of showing detailed information and states of alliances, organizations, nodes, channels and chain codes, auditing the nodes or the organizations applying for joining the alliance chain and the like.
1.3.3 blockchain browser construction
The blockchain browser is a tool for providing a user to browse and query all information of a blockchain. The building of the blockchain browser mainly comprises the following contents: first, searching information on a block chain: entering a corresponding alliance browser according to the alliance name, and checking corresponding detail information according to the block height, the block HASH and the transaction ID; secondly, displaying the basic information of the block chain: visually displaying block chain information such as block height, node number and the like; and thirdly, block information management: displaying the detailed block information; fourthly, transaction information management: and displaying the transaction detail information.
1.3.4 message forwarding subsystem
The message forwarding subsystem mainly comprises the following contents: first, block data forwarding: converting the data of the bottom layer area into a message which can be subscribed for each system to use; secondly, channel data forwarding: converting the bottom channel data into a message which can be subscribed for each system to use; thirdly, monitoring data forwarding: converting the bottom monitoring data into a message which can be subscribed for each system to use; fourthly, chain code data forwarding: and converting the bottom-layer chain code data into a message which can be subscribed for each system to use.
1.3.5 user Authority subsystem
User authority management based on a block chain mainly establishes a cross-organization data set with a user as a center, and provides stronger data analysis and decision support auxiliary capacity through the authority management. The method mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, user management: the adding, deleting and role distributing operations of the user can be carried out; secondly, role management: the operations of adding and deleting roles and allocating role resources can be carried out; thirdly, resource management: the operation of adding, modifying and deleting the resource can be carried out.
1.3.6 external interface management subsystem
And basic data docking function interface management such as data chain entry storage and query is provided.
1.4 Overall architecture
1.4.1 Overall architecture design
According to the overall demand and the target, a three-layer system architecture of 3-2-3 is adopted, a mode of one main and multiple sides is adopted for building in the aspect of a block chain, and the system mainly comprises 3 sub-platforms, namely an immune planning platform basic service sub-platform, an immune planning platform data acquisition sub-platform and an immune planning application sub-platform; 2 service system standards, namely an immune planning public service system and an immune planning application and supervision system; 3 service support systems, namely a standard system, a safety guarantee system and an operation and maintenance management system, are additionally supported by adopting a block chain bottom layer technology, and information isolated islands are eliminated by various health institution information systems at all levels in a communication area, so that information sharing and utilization are realized; the overall planning and resource integration of medical resources are enhanced, the medical and health services are improved, the comprehensive supervision and the convenience level are improved (see figure 2).
1.4.2 Block chain architecture design
In order to fully meet the requirements of vaccine tracing information on safety, stability, credibility and the like in immune planning, a block chain is built as a bottom-layer infrastructure, and the technologies of a block chain encryption algorithm, a consensus mechanism and the like are utilized to link data from the whole process, wherein the information can be controllably monitored and controlled by manufacturers, disease control centers, transportation and seedling inoculators.
Aiming at pain points of multiple vaccine circulation links, opaque information, low inventory management efficiency of an immunization terminal, time and labor consumption of vaccination statistics and the like, a block chain technology is used for completing full flow loops of vaccine production, cold chain logistics, disease control centers, vaccination stations, vaccine refrigeration, final vaccination, feedback and the like, a digital technology is used for providing safe and safe services for medical safety of consumers, and the work efficiency of the vaccination stations is improved.
In order to meet the implementation of a vaccine tracing block chain scene, the technical architecture of the vaccine tracing scene adopts an alliance chain architecture, adopts a group + node mixed mode, and is divided into three aspects of a service architecture, a hardware architecture and a software architecture (see fig. 3).
1.4.3 group and node design
The vaccine tracing and tracing platform is based on a block chain technology and adopts a point-to-point network architecture, and each node in the block chain network is equivalent to each computer or server terminal for storing all block data. The system is provided with light nodes, full nodes and super nodes. The vaccine production enterprise group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the province, city and county disease control center group is defined as a full node mode, the cold chain transportation group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the basic inoculation unit group is defined as a full node + light node mode, and the supervision organization group is defined as a super node.
The light node allows the inquiry of block data in the group and the writing of data uplink, the block data only contains result data, all process data are not synchronized, the synchronization is relatively fast, the performance is good, the block chain node is conveniently and fast established, and the block chain expansion is facilitated; the whole node allows block data in the group to be inquired and written in a data uplink, the block data comprises all process data and result data, the first deployment is synchronous and slow, and a vaccine is used as a data response verification node for comparison and verification during tracing; the super node allows viewing of all block data of the federation chain, including all process and result data, and writing of data chaining jobs (see FIG. 4).
1.4.4 System technology architecture design
A block chain must provide a node access mechanism, so that each node can be added into a network after authorization, a 'block chain plus' vaccine tracing system is constructed by adopting a block chain bottom layer architecture and comprises a resource layer, a block chain layer, a service layer, an interface layer and an application layer 5 layer architecture, the whole process and the whole nodes of a vaccine are synchronous, a data encryption uplink is collected by adopting the design of the Internet of things, all business processes use an intelligent contract mode to carry out business information circulation, the privacy protection of data is ensured, the non-tamper-modification of the data is also ensured, and the occurrence of common problems of vaccine counterfeiting, vaccine overdue and the like is fundamentally avoided (see fig. 5).
2. Application effects
2.1 establishing credible tracing system to improve the confidence of public inoculation
The're-approval and light supervision' is a normal state in the existing vaccine management, and the long Bob quiet researchers of the secretary of the Chinese administrative society indicate that the vaccine is safely maintained in a bad equilibrium state with frequent minor accidents and continuous major accidents for a long time. At the present stage, the credibility of source data of a vaccine management system is not high, code and goods separation is easy to occur in a traceability system, and answers can be brought by a block chain technology with complicated main body roles related in a medicine supply chain. The 'block chain plus' vaccine tracing system is a technical scheme which does not depend on a third party and carries out storage, verification, transmission and communication of network data through self distributed nodes, and has the characteristics of decentralization, openness, independence, safety, anonymity and the like. The whole process of value transfer (transaction) can be completely recorded in a non-tampering way through the block chain, so that the credibility problem of data recording and transaction process can be solved (see figure 6).
2.2 establishing a cold chain supervision system to ensure the safety of vaccine operation
The block chain can also realize information synchronization with a cold chain specially used for vaccine storage and transportation. Any abnormal information present in the cold chain that holds the vaccine is also disclosed to the whole network by the blockchain synchronization. At present, most of the vaccine special transport vehicles in China are made of special materials which are light-proof and good in sealing performance except for a cab, and each vehicle has the functions of heat prevention, static prevention, radiation prevention and the like and is equipped with temperature and humidity monitoring. If the monitoring data are not monitored in a networking mode, the safety early warning function cannot be achieved. The cold chain management system is traced back by establishing the 'block chain plus' vaccine, basic data of each cold chain link of the vaccine is acquired and uploaded to the cold chain management system, and the whole process of vaccine storage and cold chain transfer can be monitored and early warned constantly. Meanwhile, if suspected vaccination abnormal reaction occurs, investigators can be assisted to quickly locate whether a problem exists in a vaccine circulation link.
2.3 vaccine tracing system is established to realize five-code linkage "
Vaccine information is of great importance to vaccine safety, even if the vaccine information is taken as blood of a vaccine management organization, and by establishing a block chain plus vaccine tracing system for individual vaccine tracing, the comprehensive application of unified correspondence of information of a researcher, a vaccine and a vaccination service, real-time data sharing, comprehensive function coverage and information security guarantee is realized; the vaccine delivery, acceptance and warehousing, centralized storage, logistics distribution, outpatient acceptance and check, storage and management and other full-flow management of the vaccine from enterprises are realized; the five-code linkage management of 'vaccine tracing code, vaccine product code, cold chain equipment code, inoculated child code and inoculated doctor code' is realized, and the whole process of each vaccine packaged at minimum can be traced; automatic verification, comparison, early warning and prompting in the vaccination service are realized, and the risk of errors in the service is reduced.
2.4 establishing a block chain monitoring system, and implementing a power-assisted penetration type monitoring system
The traditional supervision mode is not enough to fundamentally reverse the ubiquitous problems of malignant competition and opportunistic sense in the vaccine market, along with the continuous improvement of the vaccination rate of the expanded national immune plan, the disease incidence of the national immune plan vaccine is obviously reduced, but the number of suspected vaccination abnormal reactions is correspondingly increased, various disputes are obviously increased, the vaccination risk is greatly increased, and higher requirements are put forward on safe vaccination. All participants on the vaccine supply chain, including suppliers, customers and the like, are required to be integrated into a chain, a win-win mechanism is created, information circulation is promoted, the problem of information asymmetry is solved, and supervision cost is reduced. The block chain and vaccine tracing system is built, relevant information of vaccine product production enterprises, entrusted distribution enterprises, disease prevention control centers, inoculation units, inoculated children and the like is recorded in the whole process of the block chain, and dynamic information (time stamps, positions, temperatures and the like) in the vaccine circulation process is written into the block chain, so that the whole process traceability of the vaccine, reliable data sources and penetrating supervision of a supervision party are realized.
3 based on the thinking of decentralized, data non-falsification, process traceability and the like of a block chain technology, the method is reasonably applied to the processes of vaccine approval, production, circulation, inoculation and the like, the information of each transaction link is recorded, a joint code is formed by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, an audience code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code, a traceable safe inoculation credit system is constructed, reliable source, non-falsification, whole-process supervision, human-vaccine association, code scanning inoculation and credible traceability are realized, the internal control environment, the main business process is standardized, the risk management capability is improved, the information communication is promoted, the internal and external supervision is enhanced, the guarantee is provided for the public health, and the construction effect is achieved through primary application.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to application examples.
Application example
The system technical architecture provided by the invention is shown in fig. 7.
The Gansu province epidemic prevention planning platform is constructed by adopting a block chain bottom layer architecture and comprises a resource layer, a block chain layer, a service layer, an interface layer and an application layer 5 layer architecture, all nodes of the whole seedling raising process are synchronous, data encryption cochain is collected by adopting the Internet of things design, all business processes use an intelligent contract mode to carry out business information circulation, the privacy protection of data is guaranteed, the impossibility of data is also guaranteed, and the common problems of vaccine counterfeiting, overdue seedling raising and the like are fundamentally avoided.
As shown in fig. 8, the front and rear end structures provided by the present invention include:
the front end of the immune planning platform adopts a multi-terminal application mode, so that the information tracing query of vaccines can be carried out on different equipment, and the information tracing query comprises a mobile phone APP, a PC application, a special terminal (such as a platform machine) and a micro-message public number small program mode, so that the information can be acquired more simply and rapidly; the back end constructs a traceability service function, and performs consensus data synchronization through multi-node synchronization, such as supervision nodes, pharmaceutical factory nodes, logistics nodes, distributor nodes and the like, so that the safety and the data authenticity of the whole traceability chain are ensured.
As shown in fig. 9, the input terminal architecture includes:
in order to ensure the authenticity and integrity of uplink data, the input end adopts a multi-terminal input mode, such as a PC (personal computer) end, a mobile end, a handset and the like, and input information is directly uploaded to an application server and an acquisition server through standard interface butt joint to uplink data nodes to a block chain core server for storage in a falling disk mode.
As shown in fig. 10, the application layer architecture provided includes:
in order to ensure the integrity of system data, the immune planning system is also connected with other existing medical systems, such as a vaccine manufacturer IT system, a disease control center IT system, a hospital IT system and the like, a linked block chain vaccine traceability application service, a cold chain block chain transportation application service and the like, gathers data on an application server, and performs data cleaning and screening on the gathered data for on-chain storage so as to facilitate the follow-up tracing service to inquire.
As shown in fig. 11, the privacy architecture provided by the present invention includes:
because the privacy of the system is very important, the immune planning platform adopts an asymmetric encryption and CA certificate management mode of the national encryption standard, the uplink data is encrypted and stored, all operations need CA authentication, and the CA is used for processing the data authority, so that the isolation and the independence of the data are ensured, and the safety of sensitive information is also effectively ensured.
The effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
1. Block chain vaccine base information management
The basic information of the vaccine includes the contents shown in fig. 12.
The immunization planning platform uploads basic vaccine information to a 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, a vaccine tracing chain is generated locally to be constructed, so that 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system vaccine tracing is completed through vaccine tracing chain information.
2. Block chain vaccine qualification information management
The vaccine qualification information comprises a vaccine batch issuance certificate code and a vaccine batch issuance certificate. The immunization planning platform uploads the vaccine qualification information to the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, the vaccine tracing chain is generated locally, so that the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system vaccine tracing-qualification checking is completed through the vaccine tracing chain information.
3. Block chain vaccine invoice management
The vaccine invoice information includes the following (invoice information and vaccine detail information) as shown in fig. 13.
The immunization planning platform uploads the information of the vaccine delivery order to the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, the vaccine tracing chain is generated locally, so that the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system vaccine tracing-vaccine production data query is completed through the vaccine tracing chain information.
4. Block chain vaccine warehousing management
The vaccine warehousing information includes the following (delivery order information and vaccine basic information) as shown in fig. 14.
The immunization planning platform uploads vaccine warehousing order information to the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, a vaccine tracing chain is generated locally, so that 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system vaccine tracing-warehousing data query is completed through vaccine tracing chain information.
5. Block chain vaccine ex-warehouse management
The vaccine delivery information includes the following (delivery order information and vaccine basic information), as shown in fig. 15.
The immunization planning platform uploads vaccine ex-warehouse single information to the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, a vaccine tracing chain is generated locally, so that the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system vaccine tracing-ex-warehouse data query is completed through the vaccine tracing chain information.
6. Block chain vaccine withdrawal
The immunization planning platform uploads vaccine return information to the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, a vaccine tracing chain is generated locally, so that inquiry of 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system vaccine tracing-return data is completed through vaccine tracing chain information.
7. Block chain vaccine scrapping
The immunization planning platform uploads vaccine return information to the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, the vaccine tracing chain is generated locally, so that inquiry of 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system vaccine tracing-scrapping data is completed through vaccine tracing chain information.
8. Block chain vaccine recall
The immunization planning platform uploads vaccine recall information to the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system periodically, and meanwhile, a vaccine tracing chain is generated locally, so that vaccine tracing-recall data query of the 'block chain plus' vaccine credible tracing system is completed through the vaccine tracing chain information.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A block chain technology-based vaccine trusted traceability system construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and establishing a vaccine credible tracing system based on the block chain technology by adopting an alliance chain architecture and a group combination node mixed mode and determining a business architecture, a hardware architecture, a software architecture and a data docking interface scheme.
2. The method for constructing the trusted vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for constructing the trusted vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology comprises the following steps:
step one, a three-layer system architecture of 3-2-3 is built by adopting a main multi-side mode;
building a block chain as a bottom foundation framework, and performing information full-flow data chaining of manufacturers, disease control centers, transportation and seedling inoculators by using a block chain encryption algorithm, a consensus mechanism and other technologies;
step three, adopting an alliance chain architecture as a vaccine tracing scene technical architecture, and adopting a group + node mixed mode; a node admission mechanism is provided to allow each node to be authorized to join the network.
3. The method for constructing a trusted vaccine traceability system based on a block chain technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the 3-2-3 three-layer system architecture comprises:
3 sub-platforms, namely an immune planning platform basic service sub-platform, an immune planning platform data acquisition sub-platform and an immune planning application sub-platform;
2 service system standards, namely an immune planning public service system and an immune planning application and supervision system;
and 3 service support systems, namely a standard specification system, a safety guarantee system and an operation and maintenance management system.
4. The method for constructing a trusted vaccine traceability system based on a block chain technology according to claim 2, wherein the employing a group + node hybrid mode comprises:
adopting a point-to-point network architecture, and arranging a light node, a full node and a super node; the vaccine production enterprise group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the province, city and county disease control center group is defined as a full node mode, the cold chain transportation group is defined as a full node + light node mode, the basic inoculation unit group is defined as a full node + light node mode, and the supervision organization group is defined as a super node.
5. The method for constructing the trusted vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for constructing the trusted vaccine traceability system based on the block chain technology further comprises:
(1) building a alliance chain management subsystem: building block chain automatic deployment function: building a block chain system by adding information of alliances, organizations, nodes and chain codes;
(2) and constructing a block chain browser, a message forwarding subsystem, a user authority subsystem and an external interface management subsystem.
6. The credible tracking system of vaccine based on block chain technology, which is constructed by the credible tracking system construction method of vaccine based on block chain technology according to any one of claims 1-5, is characterized in that the credible tracking system of vaccine based on block chain technology comprises: a resource layer, a block chain layer, a service layer, an interface layer and an application layer;
the alliance chain management subsystem is used for carrying out progress inquiry, statistical information display, node monitoring and alliance management;
the block chain browser is used for searching information on the block chain, displaying basic information of the block chain and managing the block information;
the message forwarding subsystem is used for forwarding block data, channel data and monitoring data: and chain code data forwarding;
the user authority subsystem is used for carrying out user management, role management and resource management;
and the external interface management subsystem is used for providing data access chain storage and inquiry and other basic data docking function interface management.
7. The trusted traceability system of vaccines based on block-chain technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the trusted traceability system of vaccines based on block-chain technology further comprises:
the light node allows for inquiring the block data in the group and writing the data uplink, the block data only comprises result data, and all process data are not synchronized;
a full node allowing for querying block data within the group and writing data uplinks, the block data including all process data and result data;
and the super node allows all block data of the alliance chain to be checked and data uplink work to be written, wherein the block data comprises all process and result data.
8. A credible tracing method of a vaccine based on a block chain technology, which is applied to the credible tracing system of a vaccine based on a block chain technology according to any one of claims 6 to 7, is characterized in that the credible tracing method of a vaccine based on a block chain technology comprises the following steps:
vaccine product production enterprises, entrusted distribution enterprises, disease prevention control centers, inoculation units, inoculated children and other related information are recorded in the whole process of the block chain, and time stamps, positions, temperatures and other dynamic information in the vaccine circulation process are written into the block chain, so that the whole process of the vaccine can be traced, the data sources are reliable, and a monitoring party can supervise the whole process.
9. The method for credibly tracing vaccines based on block chain technology as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method for credibly tracing vaccines based on block chain technology further comprises:
recording the information of each transaction link of examination and approval, production, circulation and inoculation of the vaccine, forming a combined code by five codes of a vaccine identification code, a cold chain equipment code, an acceptor code, an inoculation unit code and an inoculation doctor code, and constructing a traceable safe inoculation credit system for tracing the vaccine.
10. Use of a method for the trusted traceability of a vaccine based on a block chain technique according to any one of claims 8 to 9 in a whole-process traceability and trusted system of vaccines and cold chains.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114723363A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-08 | 河北省疾病预防控制中心 | Vaccine inoculation commanding and dispatching platform |
| CN115131678A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-30 | 杭州万林数链科技服务有限公司 | Block chain architecture construction method and system for digital intelligent forestry |
| CN117149769A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-12-01 | 华中科技大学 | Construction worker occupation archive management method and system based on blockchain |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114723363A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-08 | 河北省疾病预防控制中心 | Vaccine inoculation commanding and dispatching platform |
| CN115131678A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-30 | 杭州万林数链科技服务有限公司 | Block chain architecture construction method and system for digital intelligent forestry |
| CN115131678B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-03-07 | 杭州万林数链科技服务有限公司 | Block chain architecture construction method and system for digital intelligent forestry |
| CN117149769A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-12-01 | 华中科技大学 | Construction worker occupation archive management method and system based on blockchain |
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