CN113805346A - Light field real-time detection regulation and control method and device - Google Patents
Light field real-time detection regulation and control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113805346A CN113805346A CN202010527372.5A CN202010527372A CN113805346A CN 113805346 A CN113805346 A CN 113805346A CN 202010527372 A CN202010527372 A CN 202010527372A CN 113805346 A CN113805346 A CN 113805346A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of light field regulation and control, and particularly relates to a method and a device for real-time detection and regulation and control of a light field. The invention utilizes the programmable module to control the image sensor to detect the image information formed by the disturbed light field, then carries out high-speed real-time processing on the acquired image information to generate modulation pattern information corresponding to the light field required to be modulated by the spatial light modulator, and finally controls the light field after the spatial light modulator is controlled by the programmable module to display the modulation pattern information, thereby avoiding the problem of long time consumption of mass data transmission and greatly improving the speed of light field regulation. The regulating and controlling speed of the light field real-time detection regulating and controlling method and device can reach the sub-millisecond magnitude, the problem that the regulating and controlling speed of the existing optical regulating and controlling system cannot meet the requirements of light field detection and regulation and control under high-speed disturbance is solved, and the method and device have potential application prospects in the fields of dynamic optical imaging and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of light field regulation and control, and particularly relates to a method and a device for real-time detection and regulation and control of a light field.
Background
The optical field regulation and control realizes the shaping of an optical field wave front by changing parameters such as amplitude, phase and polarization state of an optical field through a spatial light modulator, so that the influence of factors such as phase difference, scattering, environmental disturbance and the like on optical imaging or detection is eliminated. The application of light field regulation is very wide, for example, in the field of biological imaging and detection, the light field regulation is carried out on light emitted into biological tissues, so that the light field is focused at any point inside or outside the biological tissues, and the imaging and detection precision is improved; in the field of astronomical observation, the wave front distortion of an optical field caused by atmospheric disturbance is compensated through optical field regulation and control, so that the galaxies observed by an astronomical stage are clearer.
In the current light field regulation and control system, after a camera shoots a light field, data needs to be transmitted back to a computer for operation, and then a control signal for a spatial light modulator is generated by the computer to regulate and control the light field. Because the data information amount of the light field is very large, and the communication link of the whole system is too long, the light field image data shot by the camera is uploaded to the computer for processing, and the computer transmits the processed control signal data to the spatial light modulator, so that a large amount of time is consumed for transmitting a large amount of original image data, and the response speed of the system is very low. However, the influence of factors such as scattering and disturbance on the imaging and detection of the optical system is dynamically changed in real time, and if the regulation and control speed of the light field regulation and control system cannot keep up with the change speed of scattering and disturbance, the light field regulation and control system fails. For example, in biological sample detection, the disturbance speed of the irregular motion of biological tissue molecules to the optical field is in the sub-millisecond order, so to achieve accurate detection of a biological sample, the response speed of the optical field regulation and control system must also reach the sub-millisecond order or even higher, but the regulation and control speed limit of the current optical field regulation and control system can only reach the ten millisecond order, which is far from meeting the requirement. For another example, in astronomical observation, the high-speed disturbance of the atmosphere causes the wave front of an external light field received by an astronomical telescope to be disturbed, so that the observed star image becomes very fuzzy, and if the response speed of the light field regulation and control system is lower than the disturbance speed of the atmosphere, accurate star image information cannot be obtained, thereby causing great trouble to astronomical research.
Therefore, if the image sensor and the spatial light modulator can be highly integrated, and the data can be processed in real time by using programmable devices such as the FPGA and the like, the problem of long time consumption of mass data transmission can be avoided, and the speed of light field regulation and control is greatly improved. In addition, by utilizing the strong parallel processing capability of programmable devices such as FPGA and the like, data can be transmitted at high speed while being processed, so that the dynamic response capability of the light field regulation and control system can be further improved, and the precision of optical imaging and detection is finally improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a device for regulating and controlling real-time detection of an optical field, which utilize a programmable module to process image information acquired by an image sensor at high speed in real time, generate modulation pattern information corresponding to the optical field to be modulated by a spatial light modulator, and control the spatial light modulator to display the modulation pattern information and then regulate and control the optical field. The regulating and controlling speed of the light field real-time detection regulating and controlling method and device can reach the sub-millisecond magnitude, the problem that the regulating and controlling speed of the existing optical regulating and controlling system cannot meet the requirements of light field detection and regulation and control under high-speed disturbance is solved, and the method and device have potential application prospects in the fields of dynamic optical imaging and the like.
On one hand, the invention provides a real-time detection regulation and control method of an optical field, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, a programmable module controls an image sensor to detect image information formed by a disturbed light field; then the programmable module carries out high-speed processing on the acquired image information to generate modulation pattern information corresponding to a light field required to be modulated by the spatial light modulator; and finally, controlling the spatial light modulator to display the modulation pattern information by a programmable module and then regulating and controlling the light field.
On the other hand, the invention provides a light field real-time detection regulation and control device, which is characterized in that: the system comprises an image sensor, a spatial light modulator and a programmable module; the image sensor is used for acquiring image information formed by the disturbed light field; the programmable module is used for controlling the image sensor to collect image information formed by the disturbed light field and carrying out high-speed processing on the collected image information to generate modulation pattern information corresponding to the light field to be modulated by the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is used for regulating and controlling an optical field after displaying the modulation pattern information; and the programmable module is also used for controlling the spatial light modulator to regulate and control the light field after the modulation pattern information is displayed.
The invention also provides a light field real-time detection regulation and control device, which is characterized in that: the system comprises an image sensor, an image sensor programmable module, a spatial light modulator programmable module and a high-speed communication module; the image sensor is used for acquiring image information formed by the disturbed light field; the image sensor programmable module is used for controlling the image sensor to collect image information formed by the disturbed light field and carry out high-speed processing on the collected image information to generate modulation pattern information corresponding to the light field to be modulated by the spatial light modulator; the high-speed communication module is used for transmitting the modulation pattern information generated in the image sensor programmable module to the spatial light modulator programmable module; the spatial light modulator is used for regulating and controlling an optical field after displaying the modulation pattern information; and the spatial light modulator programmable module is used for controlling the spatial light modulator to regulate and control the light field after the spatial light modulator displays the modulation pattern information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following innovation points and remarkable advantages:
1. the invention utilizes the high-speed processing capability of the programmable device to process the image data collected by the image sensor and then transmit the processed image data to the spatial light modulator for display and regulation without transmitting the original image data to a computer for processing, thereby avoiding the time consumed by transmitting a large amount of original image data;
2. the image sensor and the spatial light modulator are highly integrated, the same programmable module is utilized to realize the acquisition and processing of image data by the image sensor, and the spatial light modulator is controlled to generate a target light field, so that the transmission of data is not needed, and the regulation speed is greatly improved;
3. the invention utilizes the parallel processing capability of the programmable device, and the transmission and the processing of the image data can be executed in parallel in the processes of artificial intelligent image processing and the like, thereby greatly improving the speed of regulation and control;
4. the optical field real-time detection and regulation device provided by the invention has extremely high regulation speed, can greatly improve the imaging precision, and can be applied to dynamic optical imaging and detection such as in-vivo imaging detection of biological tissues and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light field real-time detection regulation method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated optical field real-time detection, regulation and control device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a light field real-time detection regulation split type device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the light field real-time detection, regulation and control integrated device of the present invention applied to an adaptive optical correction system;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of adaptive optical wavefront correction effect obtained by using the method and apparatus for real-time detection and control of an optical field according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 5 (a) is an image before correction, FIG. 5 (b) is an image obtained after correction by using a conventional optical field control method, and FIG. 5 (c) is an image obtained after correction by using the method and apparatus for real-time detection and control of an optical field according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the light field real-time detection, regulation and control split-type device of the present invention applied to scattering medium focusing;
fig. 7 is a diagram of a focusing effect of a scattering medium obtained by using the optical field real-time detection and regulation method and apparatus of the present invention, where fig. 7 (a) is an image before regulation, fig. 7 (b) is a focused image obtained after regulation by using the existing optical field regulation and control method, and fig. 7 (c) is a focused image obtained after regulation by using the optical field real-time detection and regulation method and apparatus of the present invention;
wherein: 1-image sensor, 2-spatial light modulator, 3-programmable module, 4-image sensor programmable module, 5-spatial light modulator programmable module, 6-high speed communication module, 7-CMOS image sensor, 8-deformable mirror, 9-planetary system, 10-disturbing gas, 11-beam splitter prism, 12-beam splitter prism, 13-shack Hartmann lens array, 14-lens, 15-camera, 16-ferroelectric spatial light modulator, 17-scattering medium, 18-laser, 19-half wave plate, 20-beam splitter prism, 21-mirror, 22-lens, 23-lens, 24-half wave plate, 25-beam expanding system, 26-mirror, 27-beam splitter prism, 28-beam splitter prism, 29-beam splitter prism, 30-lens.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The invention can utilize the high-speed processing capability of the programmable device to process the image data on a chip, can realize the real-time detection and regulation of the light field under the high-speed disturbance, and can be applied to a dynamic optical imaging detection system. The practice of the present invention is illustrated in detail by the following examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the method and the device for real-time detection and regulation of the light field provided by the invention are applied to a self-adaptive optical correction system, and the light field regulated and controlled by the spatial light modulator is a light field disturbed by flowing gas, so that high-speed and accurate correction of the wave front disturbance of the light beam caused by the interfering gas is realized.
The light field real-time detection regulation and control device constructed in the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, wherein an image sensor uses a CMOS image sensor 7, and a spatial light modulator uses a deformable mirror 8; the CMOS image sensor 7 is used for acquiring wavefront information after being disturbed by the disturbed gas 10; the programmable module 3 is used for controlling the CMOS image sensor 7 to collect the wavefront information of the light beam disturbed by the disturbance gas 10, and analyzing and processing the collected wavefront information to calculate the wavefront phase of the light field; the deformable mirror 8 is used to correct for wavefront distortion. As shown in fig. 1-2 and fig. 4, the detection and regulation process of the light field real-time detection and regulation device is as follows:
the light emitted by the outer star system 9 is disturbed by the disturbing gas 10, then irradiates on the deformable reflector 8 through the beam splitter prism 11, and is modulated and reflected by the deformable reflector 8; the light reflected by the deformable reflector 8 is reflected by the beam splitter prism 11 and then is divided into two paths by the beam splitter prism 12, wherein the reflected light is imaged on the CMOS image sensor 7 after passing through the shack Hartmann lens array 13 and is used for detecting the wavefront information of the interfered light field; then, the programmable module 3 sends a control instruction to control the CMOS image sensor 7 to acquire image information after passing through the shack Hartmann lens array 13; then the programmable module 3 analyzes and processes the collected image information, because the shack Hartmann lens array 13 divides and samples the wave front, the wave front inclination in each sub-aperture range will make the focusing light spot of the unit lens generate lateral drift, therefore, the average slope of the wave front in each sub-aperture range in two directions is obtained by measuring the drift amount of the light spot center relative to the reference position of the parallel light, and the wave front phase of the light field is calculated; the programmable module 3 generates a control signal of the deformable mirror 8 by solving the obtained wave front phase, and further controls the posture of each deformable mirror on the deformable mirror 8 to compensate the distorted wave front of the input light field; the compensation of the deformable mirror 8 to the disturbance wavefront is a closed-loop regulation process, and the disturbance wavefront information measured by the CMOS image sensor 7 is superimposed on the wavefront information compensated by the deformable mirror 8 in real time, so that the real-time wavefront compensation is realized; the light beam after the wave front compensation is transmitted by the beam splitter prism 12 and imaged on the camera 15 by the lens 14, so as to obtain a corrected star system image.
FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of the imaging effect after adaptive optical wavefront correction obtained by using the light field real-time detection and regulation method of the present invention. Fig. 5 (a) is an image before wavefront distortion correction, and due to high-speed disturbance of airflow, a captured image is very blurred, and it is difficult to observe deep information of a galaxies. Fig. 5 (b) is an image obtained after the correction by the conventional light field regulation and control method, and since the wavefront distortion is corrected to a certain extent, fig. 5 (b) is clearer compared with fig. 5 (a), but due to the limitations of the conventional system method and hardware technology, the time consumption is long in processing the image information, and the limit speed is about 10 ms, so that while the system processes and controls the wavefront information, the influence of the disturbance gas on the wavefront of the light field is changed, the correction effect of the image is difficult to further improve, and the image contrast after the correction is low. Fig. 5 (c) is an image obtained by performing real-time correction on the disturbance wavefront information according to the present invention, and the contrast of the image is significantly improved compared to the image in fig. 5 (b). According to the invention, the image sensor 7 and the deformable mirror 8 are highly integrated, the image sensor 7 is used for measuring disturbed wavefront information and then the programmable module 3 is used for processing the disturbed wavefront information and directly controlling the deformable mirror 8 to compensate and regulate the incident light beam, in the process, the programmable module 3 is used for controlling the time of the CMOS image sensor 7 for collecting the image to be about 0.1 ms, the time of the programmable module 3 for processing the image and generating the modulation pattern of the deformable mirror 8 is less than 1 mu s, and the time of the programmable module 3 for controlling the deformable mirror 8 to regulate and control the light field is about 0.1 ms. Therefore, the wave-front distortion correction speed of the light field real-time detection regulation and control device is about 0.2 ms, and is increased by 50 times compared with the existing light field regulation and control method, so that an extraterrestrial imaging image with higher contrast can be obtained.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the method and the device for real-time detection and regulation of the light field provided by the present invention are applied to a digital light phase conjugate scattering medium focusing system, and the light field regulated and controlled by the spatial light modulator is the light field before being incident on the scattering medium, so as to enhance the focusing effect of the light field after being disturbed by the scattering medium.
The light field real-time detection and regulation device constructed in this embodiment is shown in fig. 6, and the image sensor uses a CMOS image sensor 7, and the spatial light modulator uses a ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16. The CMOS image sensor 7 is used for collecting interference light field information after being disturbed by the scattering medium 17; the image sensor programmable module 4 is used for controlling the CMOS image sensor 7 to collect an image, analyzing and processing the collected image information, and then resolving a phase value of the disturbed light field to generate a modulation pattern of the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16; the high-speed communication module 6 is used for transmitting the modulation pattern information generated by the image sensor programmable module 4 to the spatial light modulator programmable module 5; the spatial light modulator programmable module 5 is configured to control the phase modulation value of each pixel in the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16 to generate a light field conjugated to the light field after being disturbed by the scattering medium 17. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 6, the detection regulation and control process of the light field real-time detection regulation and control device includes light field detection and light field focusing, which is specifically as follows:
in the process of detecting the light field, a light beam emitted by a laser 18 is split by a polarization beam splitter prism 20 after passing through a half-wave plate 19, the half-wave plate 19 is used for adjusting the light intensity ratio of transmitted light and reflected light, wherein the transmitted light is reflected by a reflecting mirror 21 and focused by a lens 22 and then irradiates on a scattering medium 17, and the light beam is scattered by the scattering medium 17 and then collected by a lens 23; the reflected light split by the polarization splitting prism 20 passes through a half-wave plate 24 to adjust the polarization direction to be consistent with the transmitted light, and then is expanded by a beam expanding system 25 and reflected by a reflector 26 to be used as reference light; the generated reference light and the light field collected by the lens 23 are combined by the beam splitter prism 27 to generate an interference light field; the generated interference light field is reflected by the beam splitter prism 28 and then imaged on the CMOS image sensor 7; the image sensor programmable module 4 sends a control instruction to control the CMOS image sensor 7 to collect interference light field image information, analyzes and processes the collected interference light field image information, calculates a phase value of a light field disturbed by the scattering medium 17, and generates modulation pattern information for regulating and controlling the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16; the high-speed communication module 6 transmits the modulation pattern information generated in the image sensor programmable module 4 to the spatial light modulator programmable module 5; the spatial light modulator programmable module 5 controls the modulation phase of each pixel in the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16, and further reflects the light field irradiated thereon to form a light field conjugated with the light field disturbed by the scattering medium 17, wherein the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16 is placed at a position conjugated with the CMOS image sensor 7.
In the light field focusing process, the light field modulated by the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16 is reversely input to the scattering medium 17, and the light field penetrating through the scattering medium 17 is collected by the lens 22, reflected by the beam splitter prism 29 and focused by the lens 30, and then the focusing effect is observed by the camera 15, and is shown in fig. 7. Fig. 7 (a) is a speckle image after scattering a medium when an optical field is not regulated, and fig. 7 (b) is a focused image obtained after regulation by the existing optical field regulation method, after the CMOS image sensor 7 shoots the speckle optical field, data needs to be transmitted back to a computer for operation, and then a control signal for the ferroelectric spatial light modulator is generated by the computer to regulate the optical field, because the data information amount of the optical field is very large, and the communication link of the whole system is too long, a large amount of time is consumed for transmission of a large amount of original image data, the response speed of the system is very slow, and the limit speed is about 10 ms, the real-time high-contrast focusing of the optical field is difficult to be realized for a scattering medium with high speed and dynamic change such as biological tissue. Specific effects as shown in fig. 7 (b), there are still many speckles in the background, and the brightness of the focused light spot is very low, which makes it difficult to meet the requirement of high-resolution optical imaging. And 7 (c) is a dynamic scattering medium focusing image obtained by the light field real-time regulation and control method and device of the embodiment, and the contrast of a focusing light spot is obviously superior to that of the focusing light spot in the image 7 (b). When the light field real-time regulation and control device is used for focusing a scattering medium, the time for the image sensor programmable module 4 to control the CMOS image sensor 7 to acquire light field information is 0.5 ms, the time required for the image sensor programmable module 4 to process the light field information and generate a modulation pattern of the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16 is less than 1 [ mu ] s, the time required for the high-speed communication module 6 to transmit the modulation pattern to the spatial light modulator programmable module 5 is less than 50 [ mu ] s, and the time required for the spatial light modulator programmable module 5 to control the ferroelectric spatial light modulator 16 to regulate and control the light field is about 0.2 ms. Therefore, the time of focusing the scattering medium by the light field real-time detection and regulation device is less than 0.8 ms, and compared with the existing light field regulation and control method, the time is increased by one order of magnitude, so that a focusing light spot with higher contrast can be obtained after the scattering medium with high-speed change penetrates through the light field real-time detection and regulation device.
While the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims, any modifications to which this invention pertains being applicable being within the scope of the invention defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The light field real-time detection regulation and control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, a programmable module controls an image sensor to detect image information formed by a disturbed light field; then the programmable module carries out high-speed processing on the acquired image information to generate modulation pattern information corresponding to a light field required to be modulated by the spatial light modulator; and finally, controlling the spatial light modulator to display the modulation pattern information by a programmable module and then regulating and controlling the light field.
2. The light field real-time detection regulation and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the programmable module is one of a programmable module based on SOC, a programmable module based on FPGA and DSP combination.
3. The light field real-time detection regulation and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the image information formed by the disturbed light field is interference image information formed by the disturbed light and the reference beam; the programmable module carries out high-speed processing on the acquired image information, namely extracting the phase information of the light field passing through the scattering medium based on a dephasing algorithm; the modulation pattern information displayed on the spatial light modulator is converted from the phase information of the extracted light field.
4. The light field real-time detection regulation and control method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the light field regulated and controlled by the spatial light modulator is a light field before being incident to a disturbance medium, so that the light field formed by the light field after being disturbed by the disturbance medium is controlled by the spatial light modulator; the programmable module controls the image sensor to detect image information formed by the disturbed light field, and then the spatial light modulator controls the light field after displaying a corresponding modulation pattern according to the image information, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the light field.
5. The light field real-time detection regulation and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light field regulated and controlled by the spatial light modulator is a light field disturbed by a disturbed medium, and the light field regulated and controlled by the spatial light modulator passes through a wave front detection system to obtain corresponding image information which is detected and received by the image sensor; and then the spatial light modulator displays a corresponding modulation pattern according to the image information and then regulates and controls the light field, thereby realizing closed-loop regulation and control of the light field.
6. Light field surveys regulation and control device in real time, its characterized in that: the system comprises an image sensor, a spatial light modulator and a programmable module; the image sensor is used for acquiring image information formed by the disturbed light field; the programmable module is used for controlling the image sensor to collect image information formed by the disturbed light field and carrying out high-speed processing on the collected image information to generate modulation pattern information corresponding to the light field to be modulated by the spatial light modulator; the programmable module is simultaneously used for controlling the spatial light modulator to display the modulation pattern information and then regulating and controlling the light field; the spatial light modulator is used for regulating and controlling the light field after displaying the modulation pattern information.
7. The light field real-time detection regulation and control device of claim 6, wherein: the image sensor is one of a CCD image sensor or a CMOS image sensor.
8. The light field real-time detection regulation and control device of claim 6, wherein: the programmable module is one of a programmable module based on SOC, a programmable module based on FPGA and DSP combination.
9. The light field real-time regulation and detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the spatial light modulator is one of a digital micromirror array, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, a ferroelectric spatial light modulator, and a deformable mirror.
10. Light field surveys regulation and control device in real time, its characterized in that: the system comprises an image sensor, an image sensor programmable module, a spatial light modulator programmable module and a high-speed communication module; the image sensor is used for acquiring image information formed by the disturbed light field; the image sensor programmable module is used for controlling the image sensor to collect image information formed by the disturbed light field and carry out high-speed processing on the collected image information to generate modulation pattern information corresponding to the light field to be modulated by the spatial light modulator; the high-speed communication module is used for transmitting the modulation pattern information generated in the image sensor programmable module to the spatial light modulator programmable module; the spatial light modulator programmable module is used for controlling the spatial light modulator to regulate and control the light field after the spatial light modulator displays the modulation pattern information; the spatial light modulator is used for regulating and controlling the light field after displaying the modulation pattern information.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114624876A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-14 | 长春理工大学 | Reflection type simultaneous polarization super-resolution imaging system and design method |
| CN115685565A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2023-02-03 | 华侨大学 | Method and device for regulating and controlling complex light field penetrating through scattering medium |
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2020
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114624876A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-14 | 长春理工大学 | Reflection type simultaneous polarization super-resolution imaging system and design method |
| CN114624876B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-08-18 | 长春理工大学 | Reflective simultaneous polarization super-resolution imaging system and design method |
| CN115685565A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2023-02-03 | 华侨大学 | Method and device for regulating and controlling complex light field penetrating through scattering medium |
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