CN113804465A - Restraint device for framework fatigue test and framework fatigue test system - Google Patents
Restraint device for framework fatigue test and framework fatigue test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113804465A CN113804465A CN202111107000.8A CN202111107000A CN113804465A CN 113804465 A CN113804465 A CN 113804465A CN 202111107000 A CN202111107000 A CN 202111107000A CN 113804465 A CN113804465 A CN 113804465A
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- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/06—Steering behaviour; Rolling behaviour
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a restraint device for a framework fatigue test and a framework fatigue test system, wherein the restraint device comprises a rigid primary suspension height simulator and an elastic primary suspension elastic simulator, and the primary suspension elastic simulator is arranged at the bottom end of the primary suspension height simulator; the simulation axle box is provided with a simulation primary suspension assembly which is arranged above the simulation axle box through a primary suspension elastic simulation body; the primary suspension elastic simulator generates elastic deformation when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly constrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the testing force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation primary suspension assembly. The device and the system restore the real stress state of the primary suspension tool, and the elastic deformation is generated when the external force is applied, so that the side beam of the frame to be tested and the simulation axle box are flexibly restrained, the load transfer path of the real axle box is restored, and the accuracy of the fatigue test result of the bogie frame is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bogie testing, in particular to a restraint device for framework fatigue testing and a framework fatigue testing system.
Background
At present, the fatigue reliability of a bogie frame is mainly verified through a bench test, and a rigid tool is usually used for replacing an original elastic suspension element to simulate the stress state of the frame in the test process. The hydraulic servo control system is used for controlling the actuator to apply various loads to the framework, and relevant loads such as vertical, transverse, longitudinal and torsion and the like generated by each part of the vehicle body and the bogie to the framework are simulated. Although the load can be accurately applied to the test framework through the rigidity test tool, whether the constraint mode of the framework is consistent with the actual condition or not directly influences the effectiveness and the authenticity of the test. The unreasonable constraint mode can cause that the load can not be transmitted along the actual force transmission path, so that the local load is concentrated, and unreasonable damage or even damage is formed.
Although the existing bogie frame fatigue test constraint tool can ensure the test loading frequency, the existing bogie frame fatigue test constraint tool uses a full-rigid tool for constraint and is not in accordance with the actual stress state of a frame. The vertical constraint tool is installed at the position of a primary suspension installation seat, is different from an actual stress position, and has different horizontal and longitudinal constraint rigidity from the actual situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a restraint device for a framework fatigue test and a framework fatigue test system, which are used for solving the problems that the stress state of a framework is simulated by using a rigid tool in the conventional test tool, so that the load cannot be transmitted along an actual force transmission path, and further, the load is concentrated and the tool is damaged. A second object of the present application is to provide a frame fatigue test system comprising the above-mentioned restraint device for frame fatigue test.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a restraint device for frame fatigue testing, comprising:
the simulation primary suspension assembly comprises a rigid primary suspension height simulator and an elastic primary suspension elastic simulator, and the primary suspension elastic simulator is arranged at the bottom end of the primary suspension height simulator;
a simulated axle housing, said simulated primary suspension assembly mounted over said simulated axle housing by said primary suspension elastomeric simulator body;
the primary suspension elastic simulator generates elastic deformation when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly constrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the testing force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation primary suspension assembly.
Preferably, the system also comprises an actual axle box bearing and a simulated axle;
the outer ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the inner wall of the simulated axle box, and the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the simulated axle;
the inner wall circumference of simulation axle box encircles and is equipped with the bearing spacing groove, the bearing spacing groove is followed the axial setting of actual axle box bearing is used for to the axial displacement of actual axle box bearing carries on spacingly.
Preferably, the device also comprises an actual positioning node part simulating the axle box rotating arm and elasticity;
one end of the simulation axle box rotating arm is fixed with the simulation axle box, the other end of the simulation axle box rotating arm is sleeved with the actual positioning node part, and the simulation axle box rotating arm can rotate around the actual positioning node part;
and the two ends of the actual positioning node part are detachably connected with the rotating arm positioning seat of the framework to be tested.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
one end of the vertical restraint component is fixed on the working table surface, and the other end of the vertical restraint component is fixed with the simulation axle and is positioned at the center of the wheel of the bogie where the to-be-tested framework is positioned;
the vertical restraint assembly comprises an axle transition block, a vertical support rod, a first force transducer, a spherical hinge piece and a fixed plate which are sequentially arranged, wherein two ends of the vertical support rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the axle transition block and the first force transducer, and two ends of the spherical hinge piece are respectively connected with the first force transducer and the fixed plate;
the axle transition block comprises a positioning surface and a third positioning piece, the positioning surface is attached to the circumferential side wall of the simulated axle, and the third positioning piece is used for fixing the axle transition block and the simulated axle;
the fixing plate is used for fixing with the working table top;
when the framework to be tested is subjected to vertical force, the vertical force is transmitted to the vertical constraint component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle, and vertical load measurement is carried out through the first force measuring sensor.
Preferably, a test force restraint assembly is further included, the test force restraint assembly comprising:
a first ball joint assembly for connection with the simulated axle and/or the simulated axle housing;
the pull rod unit is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
the second spherical hinge assembly is detachably connected with the pull rod unit;
one end of the connecting plate is connected with the second spherical hinge assembly, and the other end of the connecting plate is used for being connected with the fixed table top for supporting;
and the second force measuring sensor is used for detecting the testing force of the framework to be tested.
Preferably, the drawbar unit includes:
the first mounting plate is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
the second mounting plate is detachably connected with the second spherical hinge assembly;
the two ends of the pull rod along the length direction are respectively detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
and the force measuring mounting piece is used for mounting the second force measuring sensor, and two ends of the force measuring mounting piece in the length direction are detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate respectively so as to be detached after force measurement is completed.
Preferably, the load cell mounting member is fixed to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the second load cell, and includes:
the force measuring mounting base is fixed at the centers of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
one end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the force measuring mounting seat, and the other end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the second force measuring sensor;
the number of the pull rods is a plurality, and all the pull rods are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.
Preferably, the test force restraining component is a longitudinal test force restraining component, and the first spherical hinge component is connected with the simulated axle;
one part of longitudinal testing force is transmitted to the longitudinal testing force restraining component through the framework to be tested, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle, and the other part of longitudinal testing force is transmitted to the longitudinal testing force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
Preferably, the test force restraint assembly is a lateral test force restraint assembly, further comprising:
the test force transition seat is of a box structure, one of the parallel side walls of the test force transition seat is connected with the first spherical hinge assembly, and the other parallel side wall of the test force transition seat is detachably connected with the simulation axle;
one part of the transverse testing force is transmitted to the transverse testing force restraining component through the simulation axle box and the simulation axle of the framework to be tested, and the other part of the transverse testing force is transmitted to the transverse testing force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
Preferably, the primary suspension elastic simulator further comprises a primary mounting plate and a primary suspension elastic member;
the first mounting plate is detachably connected above the simulation axle box, a hollow accommodating cavity is formed in the center of the upper surface of the first mounting plate, an opening in the upper part of the hollow accommodating cavity is communicated with the outside, and the first suspension elastic piece is arranged in the hollow accommodating cavity;
the upper surface of the primary suspension elastic part and the circumferential side wall of the upper opening form a limiting groove, and the primary suspension height simulator is arranged in the limiting groove for limiting.
Preferably, the analog axle box comprises:
the device comprises a first bearing clamping block and a second bearing clamping block which are detachably connected, wherein a bearing mounting hole is formed between the first bearing clamping block and the second bearing clamping block, and the hole depth direction of the bearing mounting hole is parallel to the direction of a cross beam of a framework to be tested;
the actual axle box bearing is arranged in the bearing mounting hole, and the bearing limiting groove is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the bearing mounting hole.
Preferably, the simulated axlebox boom comprises:
the mounting part is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is parallel to a cross beam of a framework to be tested, the node lower supporting plate is detachably connected below the mounting groove, the node lower supporting plate and the mounting groove form a containing cavity, and the actual positioning node part is arranged in the containing cavity;
the two ends of the actual positioning node part protrude out of the end walls of the mounting grooves, and the rotating arm connecting seat is used for fixing the two ends of the actual positioning node part with a rotating arm positioning seat of a framework to be tested.
Preferably, the simulation axle is arranged in parallel with a cross beam of the framework to be tested, and two ends of the simulation axle are respectively connected with the simulation axle boxes; the simulation axle comprises a box beam and a round shaft;
the round shaft is longitudinally arranged at two ends of the box-shaped beam and comprises a round shaft body and a round shaft mounting plate, the round shaft body is fixed on the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing in a sleeved mode, the round shaft mounting plate is fixed at the end portion of the round shaft body, and the round shaft mounting plate is detachably connected with the box-shaped beam.
Preferably, the lateral wall of round axle body evenly is equipped with a plurality of mounting hole along the axial, the simulation axletree still includes:
the axle positioning ring is sleeved on the round axle body and comprises a first positioning piece and a second positioning piece, the first positioning piece is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the axle positioning ring, and the first positioning piece is detachably connected with the mounting hole;
the second positioning piece is arranged on the end wall of the axle positioning ring and is longitudinally arranged, and the second positioning piece is fixed with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing.
Preferably, the vertical restraint assembly and the second positioning member are respectively crimped to two ends of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing along the axial direction, so as to fix the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing with the circular shaft body.
Preferably, the simulated axlebox further comprises:
the bearing positioning ring is sleeved on the circular shaft body and is attached to two end walls of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing;
the vertical restraint assembly is in compression joint with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
the second positioning piece can move towards the direction close to or far away from the bearing positioning ring so as to be in pressure joint with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
the second positioning piece is a threaded fastener.
The restraint device for the framework fatigue test comprises a simulation primary suspension assembly, a simulation secondary suspension assembly and a simulation control assembly, wherein the simulation control assembly comprises a rigid primary suspension height simulator and an elastic primary suspension elastic simulator, and the primary suspension elastic simulator is arranged at the bottom end of the primary suspension height simulator; the simulation axle box is provided with a simulation primary suspension assembly which is arranged above the simulation axle box through a primary suspension elastic simulation body; the primary suspension elastic simulator generates elastic deformation when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly constrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the testing force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation primary suspension assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the restraint device for the framework fatigue test has the following technical effects:
setting a primary suspension height simulator and a primary suspension elastic simulator to restore the real stress state of the primary suspension tool, and releasing and simulating the freedom degree between a primary suspension assembly and a simulation axle box through the primary suspension elastic simulator; when the bogie frame fatigue test device is subjected to external force, elastic deformation is generated so as to flexibly restrain the side beam of the frame to be tested and the simulation axle box, the load transfer path of the real axle box is restored, and the accuracy of the bogie frame fatigue test result is ensured.
In order to achieve the second objective, the present application further provides a frame fatigue testing system, which includes any one of the above-mentioned constraint devices for frame fatigue testing, and since the above-mentioned constraint device for frame fatigue testing has the above-mentioned technical effects, the frame fatigue testing system having the constraint device for frame fatigue testing should also have corresponding technical effects.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a restraint device for frame fatigue testing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a simulated axle box according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated axle provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a vertical restraint assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a test force restraint assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a test force restraint assembly according to another embodiment of the present application.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
the bogie comprises a bogie frame 10, a simulated axle 20, a vertical restraint assembly 30, a test force restraint assembly 40, a simulated axle box 50, a simulated primary suspension assembly 60, a simulated axle box rotating arm 70 and an actual axle box bearing 80;
an actual positioning node section 100;
the axle comprises a round shaft body 21, a mounting hole 22, an axle positioning ring 23, a box beam 24 and a round shaft mounting plate 25;
the axle transition block 31, the vertical support rod 32, the first force transducer 33, the spherical hinge 34 and the fixing plate 35;
a first spherical hinge assembly 41, a pull rod unit 42, a second load cell 43, a second spherical hinge assembly 44, a connecting plate 45 and a test force transition seat 46;
a first bearing clamping block 51, a second bearing clamping block 52, a bearing positioning ring 53;
a suspension height simulator 61 and a suspension elastic simulator 62;
a node lower supporting plate 71 and a rotating arm connecting seat 72.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a constraint device for a framework fatigue test and a framework fatigue test system, which are used for solving the problems that the stress state of a framework is simulated by using a rigid tool in the conventional test tool, so that the load cannot be transmitted along an actual force transmission path, and further, the load is concentrated and the tool is damaged.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following further detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a restraint device for fatigue testing of a bogie frame 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a simulated axle box 50 according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 3 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 2; fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 3.
In a specific embodiment, the restraint device for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a simulated primary suspension assembly 60 and a simulated axle box 50. The simulation primary suspension assembly 60 comprises a rigid primary suspension height simulator body 61 and an elastic primary suspension elastic simulator body 62, and the primary suspension elastic simulator body 62 is arranged at the bottom end of the primary suspension height simulator body 61; the first suspension height simulator 61 can be composed of a cross-shaped support frame, an upper bottom plate and a lower bottom plate, wherein the upper bottom plate and the lower bottom plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the cross-shaped support frame in the length direction; the stiffness of the primary suspension height simulator 61 is equivalent to the lateral and longitudinal stiffness of the primary suspension fixture. The primary suspension elastic simulator 62 may be configured as a rubber pad or a rubber disc spring, and the elastic structure may be configured as required, all within the scope of the present application. Preferably, the tether of the suspension simulator and the tether of the suspension height simulator 61 are fixedly connected, such as by snapping, or the tether of the suspension height simulator 61 is seated on the tether of the suspension simulator. A simulated primary suspension assembly 60 is mounted on the simulated axle housing 50 by a primary suspension resilient simulator 62; the primary suspension elastic simulator 62 is elastically deformed when receiving an external force, flexibly restrains the side beam of the frame to be tested and the simulation axle box 50, and the test force is transmitted to the simulation axle box 50 through the side beam of the frame to be tested and the simulation primary suspension assembly 60. Therefore, the connection mode between the bogie frame 10 and the axle box is restored, the real load transmission path is restored, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the restraining device for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 provided by the embodiment of the application has the following technical effects:
a primary suspension height simulator 61 and a primary suspension elastic simulator 62 are arranged to restore the real stress state of the primary suspension tool, and the degree of freedom between the simulated primary suspension assembly 60 and the simulated axle box 50 is released and simulated through the primary suspension elastic simulator 62; when an external force is applied, the bogie frame 10 is elastically deformed so as to flexibly restrain the side beam of the frame to be tested and the simulation axle box 50, thereby reducing the load transfer path of the real axle box and ensuring the accuracy of the fatigue test result of the bogie frame 10.
Meanwhile, in order to further restore the coupled state between the axlebox and the axle, the above-mentioned restraining means further includes an actual axlebox bearing 80 and a dummy axle 20. The outer ring of the actual axlebox bearing 80 is fixed to the inner wall of the simulated axlebox 50, and the inner ring of the actual axlebox bearing 80 is fixed to the simulated axle 20; the true stressed state of the bogie frame 10 is restored by providing the actual pedestal bearings 80 to release the freedom of rotation of the dummy axle boxes 50 in the axial direction of the dummy axle 20. The inner wall circumference of the simulation axle box 50 is provided with a bearing limiting groove in a surrounding manner, and the bearing limiting groove is arranged along the axial direction of the actual axle box bearing 80 and used for limiting the axial movement of the actual axle box bearing 80, so that the simulation axle box 50 and the actual axle box bearing 80 are fixed. In other embodiments, the fixation may also be by a keyed connection.
As shown in fig. 3, specifically, the device further includes a simulated pedestal jib 70 and an elastic actual positioning node part 100; one end of the simulated axle box rotating arm 70 is fixed with the simulated axle box 50, the other end is sleeved with an actual positioning node part 100, and the simulated axle box rotating arm 70 can rotate around the actual positioning node part 100; thereby simulating the real load transmission path, releasing the degree of freedom, and further restoring the real stress state of the bogie frame 10. Wherein, two ends of the actual positioning node part 100 are used for being detachably connected with the rotating arm positioning seat of the framework to be tested.
It can be seen that, the above-mentioned device respectively carries out flexible constraint on the simulation axle box 50 and the bogie frame 10 through a series of suspension elastic simulation bodies 62, carries out flexible constraint on the simulation axle 20 and the simulation axle box 50 through arranging the actual axle box bearing 80, and carries out flexible constraint on the simulation axle box rotating arm 70 and the bogie frame 10 through the actual positioning node part 100, so as to release the rotational freedom degree of the constraint device, and simultaneously restore the true stress state of the frame, and ensure the accuracy of the test result of the bogie frame 10.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a vertical restraint assembly 30 provided in the embodiments of the present application; specifically, in order to further improve the accuracy of the test result, the restraint device further comprises a vertical restraint assembly 30, one end of the vertical restraint assembly 30 is fixed on the working table, and the other end of the vertical restraint assembly 30 is fixed with the simulation axle 20 and is positioned at the center of the wheel of the bogie where the frame to be tested is positioned; thereby, the vertical load transmission is closer to the real load transmission path. The vertical restraint assembly 30 comprises an axle transition block 31, a vertical support rod 32, a first force cell 33, a spherical hinge 34 and a fixing plate 35 which are sequentially arranged, two ends of the vertical support rod 32 are fixedly connected with the axle transition block 31 and the first force cell 33 respectively, and two ends of the spherical hinge 34 are connected with the first force cell 33 and the fixing plate 35 respectively; the axle transition block 31 comprises a positioning surface and a third positioning piece, the positioning surface is attached to the circumferential side wall of the simulation axle 20, and the positioning surface is an arc surface; the third positioning member is used to fix the axle transition block 31 and the dummy axle 20; the third positioning member may be provided as a threaded fastener; the fixing plate 35 is used for fixing with the working table; when the framework to be tested is subjected to a vertical force, the vertical force is transmitted to the vertical constraint component 30 through the simulation primary suspension component 60, the simulation axle box 50 and the simulation axle 20, and vertical load measurement is carried out through the first force measuring sensor 33. The first load cell 33 is a load cell.
7-8, FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a test force restraining assembly 40 provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a test force restraining assembly 40 according to another embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiments, the test force restraint assembly 40 is further included, and the test force restraint assembly 40 includes:
a first ball joint assembly 41, the first ball joint assembly 41 being adapted to be connected to the simulated axle 20 and/or the simulated axle housing 50;
the pull rod unit 42 is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly 41;
the second spherical hinge assembly 44 is detachably connected with the pull rod unit 42;
one end of the connecting plate 45 is connected with the second spherical hinge assembly 44, and the other end of the connecting plate 45 is used for being connected with the fixed table top for supporting;
and a second load cell 43 for detecting the test force of the frame to be tested. The test force restraint assembly 40 avoids the mutual influence of loads by setting the release freedom of the spherical hinge assembly.
Specifically, the drawbar unit 42 includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and a drawbar. The first mounting plate is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly 41; the second mounting plate is detachably connected with the second spherical hinge assembly 44; two ends of the pull rod along the length direction are respectively detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the pull rod can be set as a screw rod and is fixed with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate through nuts; the number of the pull rods is a plurality so as to ensure that the structural strength meets the test requirement; all the pull rods are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, in one embodiment, the number of the pull rods is four, and the four pull rods are arranged at the top corners of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
and the force measuring mounting piece is used for mounting the second force measuring sensor 43, and the two ends of the force measuring mounting piece in the length direction are detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate respectively so as to be detached after force measurement is completed. The second load cell 43 is mounted in the drawbar unit 42 by a load cell mounting member, and after the second load cell 43 completes the static strength test, the load cell mounting member and the second load cell 43 are removed together, thereby providing an alternative tooling to extend the service life of the second load cell 43. Specifically, the force measurement mounting piece can be fixed to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate through the threaded fasteners, and after the force measurement mounting piece is detached, the force measurement mounting piece is replaced by the pull rod to meet the strength requirement required by testing.
Further, load cell attachment members, which are fixed to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the second load cell 43, include:
the force measuring mounting base is fixed at the centers of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the force measuring mounting seat is detachably and fixedly connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, for example, by threaded fasteners;
one end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the force measuring mounting seat, and the other end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the second force measuring sensor 43;
the number of the pull rods is a plurality, and all the pull rods are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.
In one embodiment, the test force restraint assembly 40 is a longitudinal test force restraint assembly 40, and the first ball-and-socket assembly 41 is connected to the simulated axle 20; one part of the longitudinal test force is transmitted to the longitudinal test force restraining component 40 through the framework to be tested, the simulated axle boxes 50 and the simulated axle 20, and the other part of the longitudinal test force is transmitted to the longitudinal test force restraining component 40 through the simulated suspension component 60, the simulated axle boxes 50 and the simulated axle 20.
In another embodiment, the testing force constraining assembly 40 is a lateral testing force constraining assembly 40, the lateral testing force constraining assembly 40 further comprises a testing force transition seat 46, the testing force transition seat 46 is of a box structure, one of the parallel side walls of the testing force transition seat 46 is connected with the first spherical hinge assembly 41, and the other is detachably connected with the simulation axle 20; one part of the transverse test force is transmitted to the transverse test force restraining component 40 through the framework to be tested, the simulated axle boxes 50 and the simulated axles 20, and the other part of the transverse test force is transmitted to the transverse test force restraining component 40 through the simulated primary suspension component 60, the simulated axle boxes 50 and the simulated axles 20.
Specifically, the primary suspension elastic simulator 62 further includes a primary mounting plate and a primary suspension elastic member;
the first mounting plate is detachably connected above the simulation axle box 50, a hollow accommodating cavity is formed in the center of the upper surface of the first mounting plate, an opening in the upper part of the hollow accommodating cavity is communicated with the outside, and the first suspension elastic piece is arranged in the hollow accommodating cavity; the upper surface of primary suspension elastic component and upper portion open-ended circumference lateral wall form the spacing groove, and primary suspension height simulates body 61 and sits to carry on spacingly in the spacing groove, and primary suspension height simulates the other end of body 61 and is equipped with joint spare, with the joint hole joint cooperation of primary suspension mount pad, and primary suspension height simulates body 61 suit and carries on spacingly in the cavity of primary suspension mount pad simultaneously. In another embodiment, when the suspension elastic member is a spring, the suspension height simulator 61 may be bonded or welded to the suspension elastic member.
In order to realize the installation and fixation of the actual axle box bearing 80 on the simulated axle box 50, the simulated axle box 50 comprises a first bearing clamping block 51 and a second bearing clamping block 52 which are detachably connected, a bearing installation hole 22 is arranged between the first bearing clamping block 51 and the second bearing clamping block 52, and the hole depth direction of the bearing installation hole 22 is arranged in parallel to the direction of a cross beam of a framework to be tested; the actual pedestal bearing 80 is disposed in the bearing mounting hole 22, and the bearing stopper groove is disposed on the circumferential side wall of the bearing mounting hole 22. The first bearing clamping block 51 and the second bearing clamping block 52 are provided with bolt mounting holes 22, the fixing is realized through the matching of bolts and the bolt mounting holes 22, the number of the bolts is preferably four, and the first bearing clamping block 51 and the second bearing clamping block 52 form a rectangular box body. The actual journal bearing 80 is fixed to the bearing mounting hole 22 by a bolt, so that the axial movement of the actual journal bearing 80 is limited.
In order to realize the installation of the actual positioning node part 100, the simulated axle box rotating arm 70 comprises an installation part, a node bottom plate 71 and a rotating arm connecting seat 72, wherein the installation part is provided with an installation groove, the depth direction of the installation groove is parallel to the cross beam of the framework to be tested, the installation groove is preferably an arc-shaped groove, the actual positioning node part 100 is provided with a first shaft part, a central shaft part and a second shaft part, the diameters of the first shaft part and the second shaft part are smaller than the diameter of the central shaft part, the installation groove is matched with the central shaft part, the node bottom plate 71 is detachably connected below the installation groove, the node bottom plate 71 and the installation groove form an accommodating cavity, and the central shaft part of the actual positioning node part 100 is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the two ends of the actual positioning node part 100 protrude out of the end walls of the mounting groove, and the rotating arm connecting seat 72 is used for fixing the two ends of the actual positioning node part 100 with the rotating arm positioning seat of the frame to be tested. The lower surfaces of the first shaft part and the second shaft part are respectively provided with a limiting plane, and the upper surface of the rotating arm connecting seat 72 is matched with the limiting plane so as to limit the rotation of the actual positioning node part 100 around the axis of the actual positioning node part and fix the actual positioning node part 100 and the rotating arm positioning seat.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated axle 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application; in one embodiment, the simulation axle 20 is disposed in parallel with the cross beam of the frame to be tested, and both ends of the simulation axle 20 are connected with the simulation axle boxes 50, respectively; the simulated axle 20 includes a box beam 24 and a round shaft; the both ends of box roof beam 24 are vertically located along to the circle axle, and the circle axle includes circle axle body 21 and circle axle mounting panel 25, and the inner circle that actual axlebox bearing 80 was fixed in to circle axle body 21 suit, and circle axle mounting panel 25 is fixed in the tip of circle axle body 21, and circle axle mounting panel 25 is connected with box roof beam 24 detachable, and the accessible sets up the model of box roof beam 24 of different length in order to adapt to the different framework that awaits measuring, improves the commonality of device.
In order to further improve the universality of the device, a plurality of mounting holes 22 are uniformly formed in the side wall of the round shaft body 21 along the axial direction, the simulation axle 20 further comprises an axle positioning ring 23 which is sleeved on the round shaft body 21, the axle positioning ring 23 comprises a first positioning part and a second positioning part, the first positioning part is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the axle positioning ring 23, and the first positioning part is detachably connected with the mounting holes 22; through the cooperation of first setting element and mounting hole 22, carry out the fine setting to the length between two simulation axle boxes 50 to further satisfy the crossbeam length demand of the different frameworks that await measuring. The first positioning member may be a pin or a bolt. Meanwhile, a second positioning member is provided at an end wall of the axle positioning ring 23 and is disposed in the longitudinal direction, and the second positioning member is fixed to the inner race of the actual journal bearing 80, thereby achieving the fixation of the dummy axle 20 and the inner race of the actual journal bearing 80. Further, the vertical restraint assembly 30 and the second positioning member are respectively pressed against two ends of the inner ring of the actual axlebox bearing 80 along the axial direction, so as to fix the inner ring of the actual axlebox bearing 80 and the circular shaft body 21. Through above-mentioned mode of setting up, simplify the fixed of simulation axletree 20 and actual axletree bearing 80, need not to be at simulation axletree 20 and actual axletree bearing 80 trompil or other fixed knot of installation structure, convenient to detach after the test is accomplished.
Specifically, the simulated axle box 50 further includes a bearing positioning ring 53, which is sleeved on the circular axle body 21 and attached to two end walls of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80; the vertical restraint assembly 30 is in pressure joint with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80 through the bearing positioning ring 53; the second positioning member can move in a direction approaching or separating from the bearing positioning ring 53 to be pressed against the inner race of the actual pedestal bearing 80 via the bearing positioning ring 53; the second positioning piece is a threaded fastener. The second positioning element is a threaded fastener, and a threaded hole is formed in the axle positioning ring 23, so that the second positioning element can move axially by screwing and meshing the threads.
Based on the constraining device for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 provided in the above embodiment, the present application also provides a fatigue test system for the bogie frame 10, the fatigue test system for the bogie frame 10 includes any one of the constraining devices for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 in the above embodiments, and as the fatigue test system for the bogie frame 10 adopts the constraining device for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 in the above embodiments, please refer to the above embodiments for the beneficial effects of the fatigue test system for the bogie frame 10.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (17)
1. A restraint device for a frame fatigue test, comprising:
the simulation primary suspension assembly comprises a rigid primary suspension height simulator and an elastic primary suspension elastic simulator, and the primary suspension elastic simulator is arranged at the bottom end of the primary suspension height simulator;
a simulated axle housing, said simulated primary suspension assembly mounted over said simulated axle housing by said primary suspension elastomeric simulator body;
the primary suspension elastic simulator generates elastic deformation when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly constrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the testing force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation primary suspension assembly.
2. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to claim 1, further comprising actual axle box bearings and simulated axles;
the outer ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the inner wall of the simulated axle box, and the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the simulated axle;
the inner wall circumference of simulation axle box encircles and is equipped with the bearing spacing groove, the bearing spacing groove is followed the axial setting of actual axle box bearing is used for to the axial displacement of actual axle box bearing carries on spacingly.
3. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to claim 1, further comprising a virtual positioning node part simulating a pedestal jib and elasticity;
one end of the simulation axle box rotating arm is fixed with the simulation axle box, the other end of the simulation axle box rotating arm is sleeved with the actual positioning node part, and the simulation axle box rotating arm can rotate around the actual positioning node part;
and the two ends of the actual positioning node part are detachably connected with the rotating arm positioning seat of the framework to be tested.
4. The restraint device for frame fatigue testing of claim 2, further comprising:
one end of the vertical restraint component is fixed on the working table surface, and the other end of the vertical restraint component is fixed with the simulation axle and is positioned at the center of the wheel of the bogie where the to-be-tested framework is positioned;
the vertical restraint assembly comprises an axle transition block, a vertical support rod, a first force transducer, a spherical hinge piece and a fixed plate which are sequentially arranged, wherein two ends of the vertical support rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the axle transition block and the first force transducer, and two ends of the spherical hinge piece are respectively connected with the first force transducer and the fixed plate;
the axle transition block comprises a positioning surface and a third positioning piece, the positioning surface is attached to the circumferential side wall of the simulated axle, and the third positioning piece is used for fixing the axle transition block and the simulated axle;
the fixing plate is used for fixing with the working table top;
when the framework to be tested is subjected to vertical force, the vertical force is transmitted to the vertical constraint component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle, and vertical load measurement is carried out through the first force measuring sensor.
5. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a test force restraint assembly, the test force restraint assembly comprising:
a first spherical hinge assembly for connection with a simulated axle and/or the simulated axle housing;
the pull rod unit is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
the second spherical hinge assembly is detachably connected with the pull rod unit;
one end of the connecting plate is connected with the second spherical hinge assembly, and the other end of the connecting plate is used for being connected with the fixed table top for supporting;
and the second force measuring sensor is used for detecting the testing force of the framework to be tested.
6. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to claim 5, wherein the tie unit comprises:
the first mounting plate is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
the second mounting plate is detachably connected with the second spherical hinge assembly;
the two ends of the pull rod along the length direction are respectively detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
and the force measuring mounting piece is used for mounting the second force measuring sensor, and two ends of the force measuring mounting piece in the length direction are detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate respectively so as to be detached after force measurement is completed.
7. The restraint device for frame fatigue testing of claim 6, wherein the load cell mounting member is fixed to both ends of the second load cell in the longitudinal direction, the load cell mounting member comprising:
the force measuring mounting base is fixed at the centers of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
one end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the force measuring mounting seat, and the other end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the second force measuring sensor;
the number of the pull rods is a plurality, and all the pull rods are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.
8. The restraint device for frame fatigue testing of claim 5, wherein the test force restraint assembly is a longitudinal test force restraint assembly, the first ball hinge assembly being connected to the simulated axle;
one part of longitudinal testing force is transmitted to the longitudinal testing force restraining component through the framework to be tested, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle, and the other part of longitudinal testing force is transmitted to the longitudinal testing force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
9. The restraint apparatus for frame fatigue testing of claim 5, wherein the test force restraint assembly is a lateral test force restraint assembly, the lateral test force restraint assembly further comprising:
the test force transition seat is of a box structure, one of the parallel side walls of the test force transition seat is connected with the first spherical hinge assembly, and the other parallel side wall of the test force transition seat is detachably connected with the simulation axle;
one part of the transverse testing force is transmitted to the transverse testing force restraining component through the simulation axle box and the simulation axle of the framework to be tested, and the other part of the transverse testing force is transmitted to the transverse testing force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
10. The restraint device for frame fatigue testing of claim 1, wherein the primary suspension elastic simulator further comprises a primary mounting plate and a primary suspension elastic member;
the first mounting plate is detachably connected above the simulation axle box, a hollow accommodating cavity is formed in the center of the upper surface of the first mounting plate, an opening in the upper part of the hollow accommodating cavity is communicated with the outside, and the first suspension elastic piece is arranged in the hollow accommodating cavity;
the upper surface of the primary suspension elastic part and the circumferential side wall of the upper opening form a limiting groove, and the primary suspension height simulator is arranged in the limiting groove for limiting.
11. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to claim 2, wherein the analog axle box comprises:
the device comprises a first bearing clamping block and a second bearing clamping block which are detachably connected, wherein a bearing mounting hole is formed between the first bearing clamping block and the second bearing clamping block, and the hole depth direction of the bearing mounting hole is parallel to the direction of a cross beam of a framework to be tested;
the actual axle box bearing is arranged in the bearing mounting hole, and the bearing limiting groove is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the bearing mounting hole.
12. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to claim 3, wherein the dummy axle housing pivot arm comprises:
the mounting part is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is parallel to a cross beam of a framework to be tested, the node lower supporting plate is detachably connected below the mounting groove, the node lower supporting plate and the mounting groove form a containing cavity, and the actual positioning node part is arranged in the containing cavity;
the two ends of the actual positioning node part protrude out of the end walls of the mounting grooves, and the rotating arm connecting seat is used for fixing the two ends of the actual positioning node part with a rotating arm positioning seat of a framework to be tested.
13. The restraint device for the framework fatigue test according to claim 4, wherein the simulation axle is arranged in parallel with a cross beam of the framework to be tested, and the simulation axle boxes are connected to two ends of the simulation axle respectively; the simulation axletree includes box girder and round axle:
the round shaft is longitudinally arranged at two ends of the box-shaped beam and comprises a round shaft body and a round shaft mounting plate, the round shaft body is fixed on the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing in a sleeved mode, the round shaft mounting plate is fixed at the end portion of the round shaft body, and the round shaft mounting plate is detachably connected with the box-shaped beam.
14. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to claim 13, wherein the side wall of the circular shaft body is provided with a plurality of mounting holes uniformly along the axial direction, and the dummy axle further comprises:
the axle positioning ring is sleeved on the round axle body and comprises a first positioning piece and a second positioning piece, the first positioning piece is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the axle positioning ring, and the first positioning piece is detachably connected with the mounting hole;
the second positioning piece is arranged on the end wall of the axle positioning ring and is longitudinally arranged, and the second positioning piece is fixed with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing.
15. The restraint device for frame fatigue test according to claim 13, wherein the vertical restraint assembly and the second positioning member are respectively pressed against two ends of the inner ring of the actual axlebox bearing along the axial direction to fix the inner ring of the actual axlebox bearing with the circular shaft body.
16. The restraint device for frame fatigue testing of claim 15, wherein the simulated axle housing further comprises:
the bearing positioning ring is sleeved on the circular shaft body and is attached to two end walls of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing;
the vertical restraint assembly is in compression joint with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
the second positioning piece can move towards the direction close to or far away from the bearing positioning ring so as to be in pressure joint with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
the second positioning piece is a threaded fastener.
17. A frame fatigue test system comprising the restraint device for frame fatigue test of any of claims 1-16.
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| CN202111107000.8A CN113804465B (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Restraint device for frame fatigue test and frame fatigue test system |
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| CN202111107000.8A CN113804465B (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Restraint device for frame fatigue test and frame fatigue test system |
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| CN113804465B CN113804465B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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