CN113804442B - Dynamic testing equipment for axle box bearing of high-speed railway - Google Patents
Dynamic testing equipment for axle box bearing of high-speed railway Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113804442B CN113804442B CN202110939319.0A CN202110939319A CN113804442B CN 113804442 B CN113804442 B CN 113804442B CN 202110939319 A CN202110939319 A CN 202110939319A CN 113804442 B CN113804442 B CN 113804442B
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- main shaft
- axle box
- frame
- vibration
- speed rail
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
Abstract
The invention discloses dynamic testing equipment for a bearing of a high-speed rail axle box, which comprises a frame and an installation seat, wherein two connection seats are arranged on the bottom surface of the frame, vibration loaders are respectively arranged on the two connection seats in a swinging mode, the output ends of the vibration loaders are arranged along the height direction, the installation seat is rotationally connected with the output ends of the vibration loaders through hinges, a test bed is circumferentially arranged on the frame, a rotating main shaft is rotationally arranged on the installation seat, installation grooves for installing the high-speed rail axle box are formed in two ends of the rotating main shaft, a driving motor is arranged on the test bed, an axial loader is further arranged between the installation seat and the test bed, a vibration damping frame is further arranged at the positions, corresponding to the installation grooves, of the two ends of the rotating main shaft, and the vibration damping frame is connected with the frame through a vibration damping spring. The method can effectively simulate the actual working condition of the high-speed railway axle box bearing, effectively detect the related use parameters of the axle box bearing and improve the detection accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing detection, in particular to dynamic testing equipment for a high-speed railway axle box bearing.
Background
Many of the current high-speed rail axle box bearing tests are performed by means of static loading, and no environmental factors are added. This results in many products passing the test during the test phase, but the product is not as required during actual loading. The load conditions of the high-speed rail are different in the in-out station, the high-speed straight running, the curved road, the turnout road, the in-out warehouse and the like, and the external environment of the high-speed rail is greatly changed in the running process, which are not considered in the traditional test. At present, devices for verifying various performance indexes and service lives of the axle box bearings under actual working conditions are also lacking, and verification devices for verifying whether the bearings can reach the specified service lives under the actual working conditions or the reinforced working conditions are also lacking, and meanwhile, related detection devices for temperature change conditions of the bearings in the running process and use influences of different lubricating grease on the axle box bearings are also lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the dynamic testing equipment for the high-speed railway axle box bearing, which can effectively simulate the actual working condition of the high-speed railway axle box bearing, effectively detect the related use parameters of the axle box bearing and improve the detection accuracy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides dynamic testing equipment for a high-speed rail axle box bearing, which comprises a frame and an installation seat, wherein two connection seats are arranged on the bottom surface of the frame, vibration loaders are respectively arranged on the two connection seats in a swinging mode, the output ends of the vibration loaders are arranged along the height direction, the installation seat is rotationally connected with the output ends of the vibration loaders through hinges, a test bed is arranged on the frame in the circumferential direction of the installation seat, a rotary main shaft is rotationally arranged on the installation seat, installation grooves for installing the high-speed rail axle box are formed in two ends of the rotary main shaft, a driving motor for driving the rotary main shaft to rotate is arranged on the test bed, an axial loader for driving the installation seat to swing is further arranged between the installation seat and the test bed, a shock absorber frame is further arranged at the positions of the two ends of the rotary main shaft corresponding to the installation grooves and is connected with the high-speed rail axle box, and the shock absorber frame is connected with the frame through a shock absorber spring.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the rotary main shaft is in a suspended state and can shake up, down, left and right under the action of the vibration loader and the axial loading, so that the actual running state of the wheels in the running process of the high-speed rail wheel set and the high-frequency vibration condition are simulated. The position of the two high frequency vibration loaders is preferably in line with the rail so as to simulate the vibrations generated by the two supporting wheels. The positions and the connection modes of the two test axle box bearings and the axle box unit body are consistent with those on the bogie, so that actual conditions are simulated, and data detection is more real and reliable. Preferably, the vibration loader can perform a test by inputting actual running road spectrum information of the high-speed rail, and further approaches to the actual situation to simulate the road condition in the actual running process. Meanwhile, the rotating main shaft is in a suspension state, and the applied axial force directly acts on the test bearing and cannot excessively act on the supporting bearing of the rotating main shaft, so that the whole rotating main shaft can test higher rotating speed, the equipment can simulate the high-speed rail speed at 550km/h at the highest, the actual working condition is better simulated, and the reliability of the detection structure is improved.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the axial loader is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat, a side plate extends towards the axial loader on the test bed, a pulley groove is arranged on the side plate along the height direction, and the output end of the axial loader is connected with a pulley which is in sliding fit with the pulley groove.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: in this way, the pulley groove is loaded by the two further axial loaders, and is preferably U-shaped, when the loading forces are different, the connecting frame can follow and rotate by a small amplitude to ensure the stress to be consistent, so that the stability of the stress is improved.
As a further arrangement of the invention, force sensors are arranged between the axial loader output end and the pulley and between the vibration loader output end and the hinge, respectively.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the axial loader can better and more stably output, and preferably, the axial loading stress contact point adopts a ball head and plane contact, so that unbalanced load is avoided, and meanwhile, detection data can be fed back in time through the force sensors between the output end of the axial loader and the side plate and between the output end of the vibration loader and the hinge, so that the detection effect of equipment is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the axial loading stress contact point is simple in structure and beneficial to realization.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the axial loaders are two and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the mounting seat.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: in the whole test, the stress of the rotary main shaft is more average, the swing amplitudes of the two sides are close to each other, the detection accuracy is improved, and meanwhile, the structure is simple, the realization is facilitated, and the use effect of the whole structure is effectively improved.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the rotary main shaft is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat through the main shaft bearing, the mounting seat is provided with an oil inlet and a plurality of dispersing holes corresponding to the main shaft bearing, the dispersing holes are circumferentially arranged along the rotary main shaft, and the oil inlet is communicated with the dispersing holes.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the device is convenient for pouring different types of lubricating oil for testing, detects the use influence of different lubricating grease on the axle box bearing, increases the comprehensiveness of test, and can realize quick dispersion of oil through the dispersion holes, ensures that the bearing can be fully contacted with the lubricating oil, ensures the lubricating effect, and further ensures the accuracy of detection.
As a further arrangement of the invention, an oil return port is arranged on the mounting seat corresponding to the position of the main shaft bearing, and the oil return port is lower than the oil inlet.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the device is convenient for recovering lubricating oil, is more convenient for cleaning the main shaft bearing installation cavity, and has simple structure and good use effect.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the driving motor is arranged on the test bed through a connecting frame, and a plurality of buffer springs are arranged between the connecting frame and the test bed.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the driving motor can float along with vibration loading synchronously, the driving motor is stably connected with the transmission of the rotating main shaft, looseness is difficult to occur, the driving motor is connected with the rotating main shaft through a belt and belt pulley in a transmission mode as a preferable mode, a certain floating space is reserved between the driving motor and the rotating main shaft, loosening caused by vibration is avoided, the transmission reliability is further guaranteed, the structure is simple, and the using effect of the whole equipment is effectively improved.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the stand is also provided with a test box which is used for being covered outside the test bed, the cover is provided with an air supply outlet, and the air supply outlet is provided with a fan.
The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the device can simulate different weather conditions in the test box, such as high temperature or low temperature, so that the test is closer to the actual condition, the detection effect is improved, the device can be specifically designed according to different road condition temperatures and the like, the whole device has the capability of testing according to railway standard test rules, is closer to the actual condition, the test result is more real and reliable, after the simulation is completed, the heat or cold air in the device can be rapidly discharged through the fan arranged on the air supply outlet, the subsequent test is convenient, the detection efficiency is improved, and the device is simple in structure and beneficial to realization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a vibration loader and a mounting base according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a mounting seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the connection of the rotating spindle to the frame in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spindle bearing position of a rotating spindle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the high-speed rail axle box bearing dynamic test apparatus of the present invention fig. 1 to 7: including frame 1 and mount pad 2, be provided with two connecting seats on the frame 1 bottom surface, the swing is provided with vibration loader 6 on two connecting seats respectively, vibration loader 6 output sets up along the direction of height, mount pad 2 is connected with vibration loader 6 output rotation through the hinge, frame 1 is provided with test bench 3 in mount pad 2 circumference, it is provided with rotatory main shaft 5 to rotate on the mount pad 2, rotatory main shaft 5 both ends are provided with the mounting groove that is used for installing high-speed rail axle box 51, be provided with on test bench 3 and be used for driving rotatory main shaft 5 pivoted driving motor 4, still be provided with between mount pad 2 and the test bench 3 and be used for driving the axial loader 21 of mount pad 2 wobbling, rotatory main shaft 5 both ends correspond the mounting groove position and still are provided with and are used for being connected with shock absorber 8 with high-speed rail axle box 51, shock absorber 8 is connected with frame 1 through shock absorber spring 81. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the rotary main shaft 5 is in a suspended state and can shake up, down, left and right under the action of the vibration loader 6 and axial loading, so that the actual running state of the wheels in the running process of the high-speed rail wheel set and the high-frequency vibration condition are simulated. The position of the two high frequency vibration loaders 6 is preferably in line with the rail so as to simulate the vibrations generated by the two supporting wheels. The positions and the connection modes of the two test axle box bearings and the axle box unit body are consistent with those on the bogie, so that actual conditions are simulated, and data detection is more real and reliable. Preferably, the vibration loader 6 can perform a test by inputting actual running road spectrum information of the high-speed rail, and further approximates to the actual situation to simulate the road condition in the actual running process. Meanwhile, as the rotating main shaft 5 is in a suspension state, the applied axial force directly acts on the test bearing and cannot excessively act on the support bearing of the rotating main shaft 5, so that the whole device can test higher rotating speed, and the device can simulate high-speed rail speed up to 550km/h, thereby better simulating actual working conditions and improving the reliability of a detection structure.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the axial loader 21 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 2, a side plate 31 extends to the axial loader 21 on the test stand 3, a pulley groove 32 is arranged on the side plate 31 along the height direction, the output end of the axial loader 21 is connected with a pulley 23, and the pulley 23 is in sliding fit with the pulley groove 32. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: in this way, the two further axial loaders 21 are loaded on the pulley groove 32, and as a preferable mode, the pulley groove 32 is set to be U-shaped, and when loading forces are different, the connecting frame 41 can follow and rotate by a small amplitude to ensure that the stress is consistent, so that the stability of the stress is improved.
As a further arrangement of the invention, force sensors 22 are provided between the output of the axial loader 21 and the pulley 23 and between the output of the vibration loader 6 and the hinge, respectively. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: by means of the arrangement, the axial loader 21 can perform better and more stable action output, and as a preferential mode, the axial loading stress contact point adopts a ball head and plane contact, so that unbalanced load is avoided, meanwhile, detection data can be fed back timely through the force sensor 22 between the output end of the axial loader 21 and the side plate 31 and between the output end of the vibration loader 6 and the hinge, the detection effect of equipment is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the axial loading stress contact point is simple in structure and beneficial to realization.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the axial loaders 21 are two and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base 2. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: in the whole test, the stress of the rotary main shaft 5 is more average, the swing amplitudes of the two sides are close to each other, the detection accuracy is improved, and meanwhile, the structure is simple, the realization is facilitated, and the use effect of the whole structure is effectively improved.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the rotary spindle 5 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 2 through the spindle bearing 52, the mounting seat 2 is provided with an oil inlet 23 and a plurality of dispersing holes 24 corresponding to the spindle bearing 52, the dispersing holes 24 are circumferentially arranged along the rotary spindle 5, and the oil inlet 23 is communicated with the dispersing holes 24. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the arrangement is convenient for pour into different grade type lubricating oil and test, detects the use influence of different lubricating grease to the axle box bearing, increases the comprehensiveness of test to can realize quick dispersion fluid through the dispersion holes 24, guarantee that the bearing can be abundant with lubricating oil contact, guarantee lubricated effect, thereby guarantee the accuracy of detection.
As a further arrangement of the invention, an oil return port 25 is also arranged on the mounting seat 2 corresponding to the spindle bearing 52, and the oil return port 25 is lower than the oil inlet 23. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the arrangement is convenient for recovering lubricating oil, and simultaneously, the main shaft bearing 52 is more convenient for cleaning the installation cavity, and meanwhile, the structure is simple, and the use effect is good.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the drive motor 4 is mounted on the test stand 3 via a connecting frame 41, and a plurality of buffer springs 42 are arranged between the connecting frame 41 and the test stand 3. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: the setting like this for driving motor 4 can float along with vibration loading is synchronous, and the transmission connection that makes driving motor 4 and rotatory main shaft 5 keeps stable, and difficult emergence is not hard up, and the structure that passes through belt and belt pulley as preferred driving motor 4 and rotatory main shaft 5 is connected in the transmission, makes there be certain floating space between the two, avoids taking off because of the vibration, further guarantees driven reliability, and simple structure effectively improves the result of use of whole equipment simultaneously.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the stand 1 is also provided with a test box 7 for covering the outside of the test stand 3, the cover is provided with an air supply port, and the air supply port is provided with a fan 71. The beneficial effects of setting like this are: by means of the arrangement, different weather conditions such as high temperature or low temperature can be simulated in the test box 7, the test is closer to the actual working condition, the detection effect is improved, the specific design can be carried out aiming at different road condition temperatures and the like, the whole equipment has the capability of testing according to railway standard test rules, the test is closer to the actual condition, the test result is more real and reliable, after the simulation is completed, heat or cold air in the test is quickly discharged through the fan 71 arranged on the air supply outlet, the follow-up test is convenient, the detection efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the test device is simple in structure and beneficial to realization.
The above examples are only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed railway axle box bearing dynamic test equipment, includes frame and mount pad, its characterized in that: the device comprises a frame, and is characterized in that two connecting seats are arranged on the bottom surface of the frame, vibration loaders are arranged on the two connecting seats in a swinging mode respectively, the output ends of the vibration loaders are arranged along the height direction, the mounting seats are connected with the output ends of the vibration loaders in a rotating mode through hinges, a test bed is arranged on the circumference of the mounting seats, a rotating main shaft is arranged on the mounting seats in a rotating mode, mounting grooves for mounting high-speed rail shaft boxes are formed in the two ends of the rotating main shaft, a driving motor for driving the rotating main shaft to rotate is arranged on the test bed, an axial loader for driving the mounting seats to swing is further arranged between the mounting seats and the test bed, a cushioning frame is connected with the frame through cushioning springs, the axial loader is fixedly arranged on the mounting seats, side plates extend towards the axial loader, pulley grooves are formed in the height direction on the side plates, and the output ends of the axial loader are connected with pulleys, and the pulleys are matched with the pulley grooves in a sliding mode.
2. The high-speed rail axle box bearing dynamic test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: force sensors are respectively arranged between the output end of the axial loader and the pulley and between the output end of the vibration loader and the hinge.
3. The high-speed rail axle box bearing dynamic test apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the axial loaders are two and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the mounting seat.
4. A high-speed rail axle box bearing dynamic test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the rotary main shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat through the main shaft bearing, an oil inlet and a plurality of dispersing holes are formed in the mounting seat corresponding to the main shaft bearing, the dispersing holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the rotary main shaft, and the oil inlet is communicated with the dispersing holes.
5. The high-speed rail axle box bearing dynamic test apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the mounting seat is also provided with an oil return port corresponding to the position of the main shaft bearing, and the oil return port is lower than the oil inlet.
6. The high-speed rail axle box bearing dynamic test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the driving motor is arranged on the test bed through the connecting frame, and a plurality of buffer springs are arranged between the connecting frame and the test bed.
7. The high-speed rail axle box bearing dynamic test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the machine frame is also provided with a test box which is arranged outside the test bed in a covering way, the cover is provided with an air supply opening, and the air supply opening is provided with a fan.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110939319.0A CN113804442B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Dynamic testing equipment for axle box bearing of high-speed railway |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110939319.0A CN113804442B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Dynamic testing equipment for axle box bearing of high-speed railway |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113804442A CN113804442A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
| CN113804442B true CN113804442B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110939319.0A Active CN113804442B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Dynamic testing equipment for axle box bearing of high-speed railway |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114608824B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2024-04-16 | 芜湖伦比轴承有限公司 | High-speed performance test equipment for high-speed railway axle box bearing |
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