CN113803890B - Solar energy stone crushing groove auxiliary heating anti-icing freezing structure for cold region water delivery channel - Google Patents
Solar energy stone crushing groove auxiliary heating anti-icing freezing structure for cold region water delivery channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113803890B CN113803890B CN202111201947.5A CN202111201947A CN113803890B CN 113803890 B CN113803890 B CN 113803890B CN 202111201947 A CN202111201947 A CN 202111201947A CN 113803890 B CN113803890 B CN 113803890B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010024796 Logorrhoea Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101000927062 Haematobia irritans exigua Aquaporin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010063493 Premature ageing Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032038 Premature aging Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/02—Making or lining canals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar energy stone crushing groove auxiliary heat anti-freezing structure for a cold region water delivery channel, which concentrates received solar energy through the action of a concentrating part, is beneficial to more concentrated use of the solar energy, is more convenient to temporarily store and deliver, is formed by opening a heat storage groove in foundation soil and is beneficial to storing heat energy, geothermal heat energy contacted with the bottom is conditioned for a ditch, the concentrating part is communicated with the heat storage groove through a heat conducting pipe, so that the solar heat energy collected by the concentrating part is delivered into the heat storage groove, the heat storage groove can collect the heat energy through two ways, the way of obtaining the heat energy and the heat energy obtained in unit time are increased, and the heat is continuously moved upwards to be close to the inner wall of the ditch at the top through a diversion cavity of a filler in the heat storage groove, and is continuously heated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a solar crushed stone groove auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for a cold region water delivery channel.
Background
The water delivery channel is one of the most basic forms in water-regulating engineering in China at present, and up to now, about 300 kilometers of water delivery channels are built in China, wherein 80% of the water delivery channels are located in seasonal frozen soil areas. Due to the severe external environment, the canal soil is continuously subjected to the process of freeze thawing cycle, so that frost heaving damage of different degrees occurs in the cold area canal. Therefore, for the winter water delivery channel in the cold region, the icing time of the lining structure is delayed after the auxiliary heating facility is arranged, so that the water stopping period of the channel can be delayed, the water supply time is prolonged, and better social and economic benefits are obtained. The traditional auxiliary heating method for the safe water delivery of the winter water delivery channel in the cold region mainly comprises the following steps: the electric heating method, the water pumping and ice melting method, the structure heat preservation method, the hydraulic regulation and control method and the like have the defects of higher cost, dependence on underground water resources, suitability for only part of key positions of canal sections and the like, therefore, the solar energy stone crushing groove auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for the cold region water delivery channel is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments according to the present invention aim to solve or improve at least one of the above technical problems.
A first object of embodiments according to the present invention is to provide a solar crushed stone trough auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for a cold region water delivery channel.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a solar crushed stone tank auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for a cold region water delivery channel, for assisting heating of a canal, the canal including foundation soil and a channel opened on an upper surface of the foundation soil, comprising: a concentration portion mounted on a foundation soil of the raceway; the heat storage tank is arranged in the foundation soil of the ditch, a filler is arranged in the heat storage tank, and a diversion cavity is arranged in the filler; the heat conduction pipe is respectively communicated with the inside of the concentration part and the inside of the heat storage tank; the lowest point of the inner wall of the heat storage tank is lower than the lowest point of the inner wall of the canal.
According to the solar crushed stone tank auxiliary heat anti-freezing structure for the cold region water delivery channel, the received solar energy is concentrated through the action of the concentrating part, more concentrated use of the solar energy is facilitated, temporary storage and transportation of the solar energy are more convenient, the heat storage tank is opened in foundation soil and forms a closed space, heat energy storage is facilitated, geothermal heat energy in contact with the bottom is provided for a ditch, the heat conduction pipe is communicated with the concentrating part and the heat storage tank, the solar heat energy collected by the concentrating part is conveyed into the heat storage tank, the heat storage tank can collect the heat energy through two ways, the heat energy obtained in a way of obtaining the heat energy and in unit time is increased, the heat is continuously moved upwards to be close to the inner wall of the ditch through the diversion cavity of the filler in the heat storage tank, the heat is continuously heated, the construction of the cold region channel is safely and excessively conducted in winter, the local heat energy source is stored at the bottom of the heat storage tank through daytime, the foundation heat energy is further enhanced, the sufficient solar radiation heat source is fully radiated in summer, the heat storage tank is conveniently discharged in winter, the water leakage effect is better realized, and the water leakage effect is prevented, and the water leakage effect is comprehensively realized.
In addition, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
In any of the above technical solutions, the upper end surface of the inner wall of the heat storage tank is inclined and parallel to the inner wall of the channel.
In this technical scheme, through heat accumulation groove inner wall upper end slope and be on a parallel with the setting of channel inner wall for the heat energy that heat accumulation groove top was given off is equal at the distance that the foundation soil conducted the ditch inner wall, and the top face that the slope set up simultaneously more can effectual increase the surface area of this face, helps the better giving off of heat energy.
In any of the above technical solutions, the height of the longitudinal section of the heat storage tank is greater than the width.
In this technical scheme, because the excavation of heat storage tank needs engineering equipment's participation, in the ditch auxiliary heating engineering operation of facing vast, excavate how much direct influence of cubic soil this patent's implementation cost, on the one hand under the unchangeable circumstances of excavation cubic soil, the vertical section height of heat storage tank is greater than the width setting for the heat storage tank excavates deeper, can be nearer the geothermal heat energy of underground of contact, on the other hand is guaranteeing the ditch under the circumstances of not freezing, can be as few excavation cubic soil as possible, can lower cost implement this patent, help the large-scale expansion of this patent.
In any of the above solutions, the concentration unit includes: the solar heat collecting device comprises a condensing plate and a heat collecting pipe, wherein the heat collecting pipe is arranged on the condensing plate, the condensing plate is arranged on the foundation soil, and the heat collecting pipe is connected with the heat conducting pipe and communicated with the heat conducting pipe; when the heat collecting pipe is installed on the condensing plate, the heat collecting pipe is located between the upper end and the lower end of the condensing plate, and a gap is formed between the heat collecting pipe and the condensing plate.
In the technical scheme, the sunlight received by the condensing plate is concentrated on the heat collecting pipe, so that the heat collecting pipe is convenient to receive a large amount of solar heat energy at the same time, the heat collecting pipe is positioned between the upper end and the lower end of the condensing plate, and a gap is formed between the heat collecting pipe and the condensing plate, so that the heat collecting pipe can relatively contact more solar energy reflected by the condensing plate.
In any of the above technical solutions, the light collecting plate is provided with a parabolic concave surface, and the axis of the heat collecting tube coincides with the focal point of the parabolic concave surface of the light collecting plate.
In the technical scheme, the parabolic inner concave surface is arranged on the light collecting plate so as to be favorable for concentrated reflection of solar energy, and the axis of the heat collecting pipe is overlapped with the focus of the parabolic inner concave surface of the light collecting plate, so that the heat collecting pipe can be positioned on most solar energy reflected by the light collecting plate, and the solar energy is transmitted and received.
In any of the above technical solutions, the outer wall of the heat collecting tube is provided with a glass tube, a gap is formed between the glass tube and the condensing plate, and an absorption coating is applied on the outer wall of the heat collecting tube.
In the technical scheme, the solar heat collecting tube is isolated by the glass tube, so that external rainwater and other corrosive substances are prevented from directly contacting the solar heat collecting tube, the solar heat collecting tube is prevented from being aged too early, the solar reflection can be reduced by the transparent characteristic of the glass tube, the solar heat collecting tube can absorb and interfere with solar energy, the solar heat collecting tube is coated with an absorption coating, particularly a selective absorption coating, the visible light region and the near infrared region are coated with the coating with high absorptivity and the lowest emissivity in the far infrared region, the solar radiation energy absorption capability of a heat absorber can be improved, and the environmental scattering capability of the heat absorber is reduced.
In any of the above solutions, the concentration unit further includes: and the solar automatic tracking device is used for being connected with the light condensing plate so that the light condensing plate can move along with sunlight.
In the technical scheme, the solar automatic tracking device can automatically monitor the irradiation of sunlight and drive the condensing plate to perform angle rotation, so that the condensing plate can receive and reflect more solar energy at a more suitable angle.
In any of the above technical solutions, the heat-conducting pipe is provided with a blower, and the blower is used for communicating with the inside of the heat-conducting pipe so as to enable air in the heat-conducting pipe to flow.
In the technical scheme, an external power supply of the air blower is additionally arranged, and air flow in the heat conducting pipe is facilitated through the effect of the air blower, so that heat energy is more rapidly transmitted to the bottom of the heat storage tank.
In any of the above technical solutions, the bottom end of the inner wall of the heat storage tank is provided with the isolation grating, the isolation grating is sequentially arranged along the vertical direction of the water flow in the channel, and the isolation grating is parallel to the water flow direction in the channel.
In the technical scheme, the isolation grating is additionally arranged, so that gas and liquid flowing of the flow guide cavity between the inside of the filler in the heat storage tank are more standard, excessive alternating current contact between the two components is avoided, and excessive loss in the inside is avoided.
In any of the above technical solutions, the inner wall of the heat storage tank is provided with at least two temperature sensor groups in preset directions, and the at least two preset directions include at least one direction which is horizontal to the inner wall of the channel and at least one direction which faces the bottom of the heat storage tank.
According to the technical scheme, the temperature inside the heat storage tank can be measured through the arrangement of the temperature sensor group, and data transmission is conducted to the outside after the temperature sensor group is wound, so that a worker can master the temperature parameter inside the heat storage tank at the first time.
In any of the above technical solutions, at least three preset positions on the inner wall of the heat storage tank are provided with humidity sensors, and at least three preset positions include at least one position located at the top of the heat storage tank, at least one position located at the middle of the heat storage tank, and at least one position located at the bottom of the heat storage tank.
In this technical scheme, through adding and establishing humidity transducer, help the staff to know more accurate understanding the inside moisture content of heat accumulation groove, need not directly to open the heat accumulation groove and can learn.
In any of the above technical solutions, at least three preset positions on the inner wall of the heat storage tank are provided with wind speed sensors, and at least three preset positions include at least one position located at the top of the heat storage tank, at least one position located at the middle of the heat storage tank, and at least one position located at the bottom of the heat storage tank.
In this technical scheme, through adding and establishing humidity transducer, help the staff to know the inside gas convection speed of understanding the heat accumulation groove more accurately, need not directly to open the heat accumulation groove and can learn, help understanding the inside convection heat transfer condition of heat accumulation groove.
Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments according to the invention will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of embodiments according to the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heat storage tank and a connection structure thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a temperature sensor set and a connection structure thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the heat collecting tube, glass tube and absorbing coating of the present invention in a cut-away;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of effect data of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensional relationship between a condensing plate and a heat collecting pipe according to the present invention.
The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names in fig. 1 to 7 is:
1 ditch, 101 foundation soil, 102 channels, 2 concentration parts, 201 condensing plates, 202 heat collecting pipes, 2021 glass pipes, 2022 absorption coating, 3 heat storage tanks, 301 filling materials, 302 isolating grids, 303 accumulated water, 4 heat conducting pipes, 401 blowers, 5 temperature sensor groups, 6 humidity sensors and 7 wind speed sensors.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a solar energy stone crushing groove auxiliary heat anti-icing and freezing structure for a cold region water conveying channel 1 provided by the invention is used for assisting heat of the water channel 1, the water channel 1 comprises a foundation soil 101 and a channel 102 arranged on the upper surface of the foundation soil 101, and the structure comprises: a concentration part 2, the concentration part 2 being mounted on the foundation soil 101 of the canal 1; the heat storage tank 3 is arranged in the foundation soil 101 of the ditch 1, a filler 301 is arranged in the heat storage tank 3, and a diversion cavity is arranged in the filler 301; the heat conduction pipe 4 is respectively communicated with the inside of the concentration part 2 and the inside of the heat storage tank 3; wherein the lowest point of the inner wall of the heat storage tank 3 is lower than the lowest point of the inner wall of the channel 102 of the ditch 1.
According to the solar energy stone crushing groove auxiliary heat anti-freezing structure for the cold region water conveying channel 1 provided by the invention, the received solar energy is concentrated through the action of the concentration part 2, the solar energy is more concentrated, the temporary storage and the transportation of the solar energy are more convenient, the heat storage groove 3 is opened in the foundation soil 101 to form a closed space, the heat energy is stored, the geothermal heat energy contacted with the bottom is provided for the water channel 1, the heat pipe 4 is communicated with the concentration part 2 and the heat storage groove 3, the solar heat energy collected by the concentration part 2 is conveyed into the heat storage groove 3, the heat storage groove 3 can collect the heat energy through two ways, the way of obtaining heat energy and the heat energy obtained in unit time are increased, the heat is enabled to move upwards continuously through the diversion cavity of the filler 301 in the heat storage tank 3, the heat is close to the inner wall of the ditch 1 at the top end, and is continuously heated, so that cold winter protection and navigation can be ensured for engineering safety of the cold area channel 102, local sunlight heat energy is accumulated at the bottom of the heat storage tank 3 in winter, further basic auxiliary heat capacity of the heat storage tank 3 is enhanced, sufficient solar radiation light heat energy is accumulated in the heat storage tank 3 in summer, so that the hot water ditch 1 can be better assisted in winter, the heat storage tank 3 also has the effect of discharging and collecting water leakage of the foundation soil 101, and the comprehensive effect of reducing frost heaving effect and preventing freezing damage can be realized.
Further, the filler 301 fills the inside of the heat storage tank 3 by using crushed stone, and a plurality of flow guiding cavities are generated between the crushed stone by using the random and inconsistent sizes and surface structures of the crushed stone so as to guide the gas and the liquid better inside, and the heat conducting pipe 4 is paved between the crushed stone and the bottom of the heat storage tank 3.
Further, the heat storage tanks 3 are symmetrically arranged at two ends with the water channel 1 as a symmetry axis.
Further, the accumulated water 303 which is not higher than one third of the depth of the heat storage tank 3 is arranged in the heat storage tank 3, so that heat absorption and evaporation can be carried out, and then the heat storage tank 3 reaches the top end of the heat storage tank 3 to perform condensation and heat release circulation, thereby facilitating the heat energy at the bottom of the heat storage tank 3 to be transferred to the top end of the heat storage tank 3 and the ditch 1.
Further, lining concrete is adopted for the inner wall of the canal 1.
Further, the honeycomb duct 4 is vertical U type setting, and one port is admitted air, and another port is given vent to anger, and the honeycomb duct 4 transversely is the S type, and the S type of bottom is more enough to provide more contact surfaces, helps even and more transfer heat, and the honeycomb duct 4 is given vent to anger the end and is set up for U type setting and separable, avoids outside debris to stop up the honeycomb duct inside.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the upper end surface of the inner wall of the heat storage tank 3 is disposed obliquely and parallel to the inner wall of the channel 102.
In this embodiment, the upper end of the inner wall of the heat storage tank 3 is inclined and parallel to the inner wall of the channel 102, so that the distance from the top end of the heat storage tank 3 to the inner wall of the ditch 1 is equal in the base soil 101, and meanwhile, the surface area of the inclined top surface is effectively increased, which is helpful for better heat dissipation.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the thermal storage tank 3 is provided with a longitudinal section having a height greater than a width.
In this embodiment, because the excavation of the heat storage tank 3 requires the participation of engineering equipment, in the face of the vast canal 1 auxiliary heating engineering operation, how much of excavation cubic soil directly influences the implementation cost of this patent, on the one hand, under the condition that the excavation cubic soil is unchanged, the longitudinal section height of the heat storage tank 3 is greater than the width setting, so that the heat storage tank 3 is excavated deeper, can be closer to the geothermal energy under the ground, on the other hand, under the condition that the canal 1 is not frozen, the excavation cubic soil can be as less as possible, the implementation of this patent can be carried out at lower cost, and the large-scale expansion of this patent is facilitated.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the concentration portion 2 includes: a light collecting plate 201 and a heat collecting tube 202, wherein the heat collecting tube 202 is arranged on the light collecting plate 201, the light collecting plate 201 is arranged on the foundation soil 101, and the heat collecting tube 202 is connected with the heat conducting tube 4 and communicated with each other; when the heat collecting tube 202 is mounted on the light collecting plate 201, the heat collecting tube 202 is located between the upper and lower ends of the light collecting plate 201, and a gap is formed between the heat collecting tube 202 and the light collecting plate 201.
In this embodiment, the solar light received by the collector plate 201 is concentrated on the collector plate 202, so that the collector plate 202 is convenient to receive a large amount of solar heat energy at the same time, and a gap is formed between the collector plate 202 and the collector plate 201 and between the collector plate 201 and the collector plate 202, so that the collector plate 202 can relatively contact more solar energy reflected by the collector plate 201.
Further, the heat collecting pipe 202 is fixed to the condensing plate 201 by a fixing frame.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the light collecting plate 201 is provided with a parabolic concave surface, and the axis of the heat collecting pipe 202 coincides with the focal point of the parabolic concave surface of the light collecting plate 201.
In this embodiment, the parabolic concave surface is disposed on the light collecting plate 201 to facilitate the concentrated reflection of solar energy, and the axis of the heat collecting tube 202 coincides with the focal point of the parabolic concave surface of the light collecting plate 201, so that the heat collecting tube 202 can be located on most of solar energy reflected by the light collecting plate 201, which is helpful for the transmission and reception of solar energy.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the glass tube 2021 is disposed on the outer wall of the heat collecting tube 202, and a gap is formed between the glass tube 2021 and the condensing plate 201, and the absorbing coating 2022 is applied on the outer wall of the heat collecting tube 202.
In this embodiment, the insulation treatment of the glass tube 2021 on the heat collecting tube 202 prevents external rainwater and other corrosive substances from directly contacting the heat collecting tube 202, so that premature aging of the heat collecting tube 202 is avoided, reflection of sunlight can be reduced, absorption interference of the heat collecting tube 202 on solar energy is reduced, the heat collecting tube 202 is coated with the absorption coating 2022, particularly the selective absorption coating 2022, the coating with high absorptivity in the visible light region and the near infrared region and as low emissivity as possible is provided in the far infrared region, absorption capacity of the heat absorber on solar radiation energy can be improved, and capacity of the heat absorber on environmental scattering can be reduced.
Further, the heat collecting tube 202 is made of copper tube, the glass tube 2021 is fixedly plugged at two ends of the heat collecting tube 202, and vacuum treatment is adopted between the heat collecting tube 202 and the glass tube 2021.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the concentration portion 2 further includes: the solar automatic tracking device is used for being connected with the light condensing plate 201 so that the light condensing plate 201 can move along with sunlight.
In this embodiment, the solar automatic tracking device can automatically monitor the irradiation of sunlight and drive the condensing plate 201 to perform angular rotation, so that the condensing plate 201 can receive and reflect more solar energy at a more suitable angle.
Further, the lower surface of the light condensing plate 201 is fixed by a bracket, and the bracket is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the solar automatic tracking device, and the solar automatic tracking device adopts the existing commercial device.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the heat conduction pipe 4 is provided with the blower 401, and the blower 401 is used to communicate with the inside of the heat conduction pipe 4 to cause the air inside the heat conduction pipe 4 to flow.
In this embodiment, the air blower 401 is externally connected with an external power supply, and the air flow inside the heat conducting tube 4 is facilitated by the action of the air blower 401, so that heat energy is more quickly transferred to the bottom of the heat storage tank 3.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the bottom end of the inner wall of the heat storage tank 3 is provided with the isolation grating 302, the isolation grating 302 is sequentially arranged along the vertical direction of the water flow in the channel 102, and the isolation grating 302 is parallel to the water flow direction in the channel 102.
In this embodiment, the addition of the isolation grating 302 is beneficial to the more standard gas and liquid flow of the diversion cavity between the inside of the filler 301 in the heat storage tank 3, so that the excessive alternating current contact between the two components is avoided, and the excessive loss in the inside is avoided.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the inner wall of the heat storage tank 3 is provided with at least two temperature sensor 5 groups in preset directions, and the at least two preset directions include at least one direction horizontal to the inner wall of the channel 102 and at least one direction toward the bottom of the heat storage tank 3.
In this embodiment, the temperature inside the heat storage tank 3 can be measured by the temperature sensor 5 set, and data transmission to the outside is performed, so that the staff can grasp the temperature parameter inside the heat storage tank 3 at the first time.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, at least three preset positions on the inner wall of the thermal storage tank 3 are provided with humidity sensors 6, and the at least three preset positions include at least one at the top of the thermal storage tank 3, at least one at the middle of the thermal storage tank 3, and at least one at the bottom of the thermal storage tank 3.
In this embodiment, the humidity sensor 6 is added to help the staff know the moisture content in the heat storage tank 3 more accurately, and the staff can know the moisture without directly opening the heat storage tank 3.
In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, at least three preset positions on the inner wall of the heat storage tank 3 are provided with the wind speed sensor 7, and the at least three preset positions include at least one at the top of the heat storage tank 3, at least one at the middle of the heat storage tank 3, and at least one at the bottom of the heat storage tank 3.
In this technical scheme, through adding humidity transducer 6 to establish, help the staff to know more accurate understanding the inside gas convection speed of heat accumulation groove 3, need not directly to open heat accumulation groove 3 and can learn, help knowing the inside convection heat transfer condition of heat accumulation groove 3.
Further, the signal generation module is used for carrying out data transmission with a remote weather station.
In any of the embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the channel row water surface is monitored in real time for 6 times (0, 36, 48, 56, 70, 82 hours) after the solar heat collecting crushed stone is opened in an auxiliary mode, and the solar heat collecting device does not generate larger heat due to insufficient local illumination as the starting time is 10:00 AM; after 23 hours, the first snowfall is started locally, and after 36 hours, the surface of the channel is covered by snow (shown as A in figure 6); although the snow fall effect exists, after the heat collection and energy storage of the system is carried out for two days, heat is released to the snow ice part on the surface of the channel, and the snow melting and auxiliary heat heating are carried out at the intersection of the lining structure and the ice cover (shown as C in fig. 6); as the system continues to heat the lining structure surface, the snow-melting auxiliary surface begins to increase after 70 hours (as shown in E in fig. 6); after 82h, snow is not accumulated on the surface of the water level of the channel line, a plurality of thinner independent ice covers are formed by the complete ice covers formed by freezing before the system is started under the action of an auxiliary heating system, and the whole 82h monitoring process shows the effectiveness and practicability of auxiliary heating of the solar heat collection broken stone.
In any of the embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the parabolic equation is y=x2/4 f, the radian design of the condensing plate 201 is performed according to the relation between y and x, f is the parabolic focal length value, a is the opening width of the condensing slot, and the heat collecting tube is located at the parabolic focus; the solar opening angle is 32 degrees, r max is the distance from the center of the circular heat absorption copper pipe receiver to the edge of the reflecting paraboloid, and d is the diameter of the heat collection pipe, and the calculation result is that:
d＝2rmaxsin16'
The condensing ratio of the condensing collector is the ratio of the condenser opening area Aa to the surface area Ar of the receiver receiving radiation, i.e.:
The light concentration ratio C may reflect the degree to which the concentrating collector may concentrate energy, and for a parabolic trough collector with a circular tube receiver, when a/f=4, there is a maximum light concentration ratio cmax=68.3, and the heat exchange process in a evacuated collector tube may be represented by the following formula:
Wherein: h is the heat loss coefficient of the heat collecting tube to the environment, W (m 2. DEG C); aa is the opening area of the condensing plate, m2; i (t) is irradiance of the sun, W/m2; concentration efficiency of the concentration plate,%; q (t) is the flow of the heat-conducting working medium in the heat collecting tube, and m3/s; d1 is the diameter of the heat collecting tube, m; d2 is the diameter of the glass tube, m; ta, ρa, ca, va are the temperature (. Degree.C.), density (kg/m 3), specific heat (J/(k. Kg)) and volume (m 3) of air in the heat collecting pipe, respectively; tc, ρc, cc, vc are the collector tube temperature (DEG C), density (kg/m 3), specific heat (J/(k.kg)) and volume (m 3), respectively; te is the ambient temperature, DEG C; t1 is the temperature of inlet air in the heat collection copper pipe and is at the temperature of DEG C; t2 is the temperature of the air at the outlet in the heat collection copper pipe, DEG C.
The sizes, the numbers, the arrangement forms and the like of the light gathering grooves, the heat collecting pipes in the heating system are designed according to the formula, and specific parameters are as follows:
Parameters of solar heat collecting tube
To sum up: the practical device for converting light energy into heat energy and utilizing the heat energy by adopting the linear focusing technology focuses and reflects the heat energy through the groove-type parabolic reflector, and the heat collecting tube absorbs the solar energy, so that the conversion of the solar energy from the light energy to the heat energy is realized, the heat medium reaches a certain temperature, and the heat medium required by a user is wound through the heat exchange system, so that the heat medium is utilized in other aspects.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A solar energy garrulous stone groove for cold district water delivery channel assists hot anti-freezing structure for canal (1) is assisted hot, canal (1) include foundation soil (101) and set up canal (102) at foundation soil (101) upper surface, its characterized in that includes:
a concentration portion (2), the concentration portion (2) being mounted on a foundation soil (101) of the raceway (1);
the heat storage tank (3) is arranged inside the foundation soil (101) of the ditch (1), a filler (301) is arranged inside the heat storage tank (3), and a diversion cavity is arranged inside the filler (301);
The heat conduction pipe (4) is respectively communicated with the inside of the concentration part (2) and the inside of the heat storage tank (3);
wherein the lowest point of the inner wall of the heat storage tank (3) is lower than the lowest point of the inner wall of the channel (102) of the ditch (1);
The upper end face of the inner wall of the heat storage groove (3) is obliquely arranged and parallel to the inner wall of the channel (102); and/or the longitudinal section height of the heat storage tank (3) is larger than the width;
The filler (301) adopts crushed stone to fill the inside of the heat storage tank (3), and a plurality of flow guiding cavities are formed among the crushed stone by utilizing the random and inconsistent sizes and surface structures of the crushed stone so as to guide gas and liquid better inside, and the heat conduction pipe (4) is paved between the crushed stone and the bottom of the heat storage tank (3);
The heat accumulation tank (3) is internally provided with accumulated water (303) which is not higher than one third of the depth of the heat accumulation tank (3), so that heat absorption and evaporation can be carried out, and then the heat accumulation tank reaches the circulation of condensation and heat release at the top end of the heat accumulation tank (3), and the heat energy at the bottom of the heat accumulation tank (3) is beneficial to transfer to the top end of the heat accumulation tank (3) and the ditch (1).
2. A solar crushed stone trough assisted heat and anti-freezing structure for cold area water transportation channels according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration section (2) comprises:
A light collecting plate (201) and a heat collecting tube (202), wherein the heat collecting tube (202) is arranged on the light collecting plate (201), the light collecting plate (201) is arranged on the foundation soil (101), and the heat collecting tube (202) is connected with the heat conducting tube (4) and is mutually communicated;
When the heat collecting pipe (202) is installed on the condensing plate (201), the heat collecting pipe (202) is located between the upper end and the lower end of the condensing plate (201), and a gap is formed between the heat collecting pipe and the condensing plate (201).
3. The solar crushed stone trough auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for cold region water delivery channels according to claim 2, wherein the light collecting plate (201) is provided with a parabolic concave surface, and the axis of the heat collecting tube (202) coincides with the focus of the parabolic concave surface of the light collecting plate (201).
4. The solar crushed stone groove auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for the cold region water delivery channel according to claim 2, wherein a glass tube (2021) is arranged on the outer wall of the heat collecting tube (202), a gap is formed between the glass tube (2021) and the condensing plate (201), and an absorption coating (2022) is smeared on the outer wall of the heat collecting tube (202).
5. A solar crushed stone trough assisted heating and anti-freezing structure for cold area water transportation channels according to claim 2, characterized in that the concentration section (2) further comprises:
and the solar automatic tracking device is used for being connected with the light condensing plate (201) so that the light condensing plate (201) can move along with sunlight.
6. The solar crushed stone tank auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for the cold region water delivery channel according to claim 1, wherein a blower (401) is arranged on the heat conducting pipe (4), and the blower (401) is used for being communicated with the inside of the heat conducting pipe (4) so as to enable air in the heat conducting pipe (4) to flow.
7. The solar stone-crushing tank auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for the cold region water delivery channel according to claim 1, wherein the isolation grids (302) are installed at the bottom end of the inner wall of the heat storage tank (3), the isolation grids (302) are sequentially arranged along the vertical direction of water flow in the channel (102), and the isolation grids (302) are parallel to the water flow direction in the channel (102).
8. The solar energy stone-crushing groove auxiliary heating anti-freezing structure for the cold region water delivery channel according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the heat storage groove (3) is provided with at least two temperature sensor groups (5) in preset directions, and the at least two preset directions comprise at least one direction which is horizontal to the inner wall of the channel (102) and at least one direction which faces the bottom of the heat storage groove (3); and/or
At least three preset positions on the inner wall of the heat storage tank (3) are provided with humidity sensors (6), and at least three preset positions comprise at least one top part positioned on the heat storage tank (3), at least one middle part positioned on the heat storage tank (3) and at least one bottom part positioned on the heat storage tank (3); and/or
At least three preset positions on the inner wall of the heat storage tank (3) are provided with wind speed sensors (7), and at least three preset positions comprise at least one top part positioned on the heat storage tank (3), at least one middle part positioned on the heat storage tank (3) and at least one bottom part positioned on the heat storage tank (3).
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| CN216204417U (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-04-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | Solar energy gravel groove auxiliary heat anti-freezing structure for water delivery channel in cold region |
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| CN109341109A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of photo-thermal accumulation systems for the auxiliary heat of area's winter canal for water conveyance base soil of trembling with fear |
| CN216204417U (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-04-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | Solar energy gravel groove auxiliary heat anti-freezing structure for water delivery channel in cold region |
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