CN113803352A

CN113803352A - Helical tooth stopping bolt and nut assembly

Info

Publication number: CN113803352A
Application number: CN202010547133.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马占军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-16
Filing date: 2020-06-16
Publication date: 2021-12-17

Abstract

The invention relates to a helical tooth retaining bolt and nut assembly, and relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering. The utility model provides a skewed tooth stopping bolt and nut subassembly, including the fluting screw body (1), nut (2), holding ring (3), prevent falling out snap ring (4), nut (2) screw in screw body (1) back, embolia in keyway (11) positioning key (31) of holding ring (3), then interior oblique ring gear (21) on outer oblique ring gear (32) meshing nut (2), split ring (41) the screw in screw body (1) that will prevent falling out snap ring (4) are pushed down holding ring (3), the outer hexagon side of tight board (42) alignment nut (2) is turned round in the adjustment, it blocks this side to turn round tight board (42) to twist round, prevent that holding ring (3) from droing, whole assembly is accomplished. The mechanical anti-loosening fastener is small, exquisite, reliable and easy to maintain.

Description

Helical tooth stopping bolt and nut assembly

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering.

Background

Threaded fasteners are widely used for fastening connections between various mechanical structures. In practical application, compared with a method for increasing friction force to prevent looseness, the mechanical anti-loosening structure is more reliable in anti-loosening performance, but the existing known mechanical anti-loosening structure is large in size, complex in structure, difficult to overhaul and eliminate hidden dangers, and complex in assembly and disassembly, so that the mechanical anti-loosening structure is not widely applied in practical production, and anti-loosening nuts and gaskets are mainly prevented in important engineering projects such as China high-speed rails and the like by adopting a method for increasing friction force abroad, so that a mechanical anti-loosening structure fastener which is reliable in performance, simple and practical in structure is needed to be invented in engineering construction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a reliable fastening piece which can meet the reliable anti-loosening requirement, has a small and exquisite and simple structure, can be obviously seen from the appearance if damaged in daily work, does not need to increase the pretightening force intentionally for preventing loosening, is convenient to overhaul and does not damage the surface of a workpiece.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a skewed tooth stopping bolt and nut subassembly, including the slotted screw body (1), nut (2), holding ring (3), prevent falling out snap ring (4), the thread end processing of slotted screw body (1) is one or several keyway (11) of certain length, weld one interior oblique ring gear (21) on nut (2), the tooth that it was last inclines slightly along the opposite direction that the nut was turned round, holding ring (3) inboard processing has positioning key (31), the outside processing has outer oblique ring gear (32), its number of teeth is the same with the number of teeth of interior oblique ring gear (21), the direction of slope is unanimous, prevent falling out split ring (41) and the wrench plate (42) that have the internal diameter to be equal to the screw root diameter on snap ring (4), after nut (2) screw in the screw body (1) and fasten the work piece, select suitable keyway (11), embolia this keyway (11) with positioning key (31) of holding ring (3), then, an outer oblique gear ring (32) on the positioning ring (3) is meshed with an inner oblique gear ring (21) on the nut (2), as long as the requirement that the value of a central angle corresponding to a manufacturing clearance between the positioning key (31) and the key groove (11) is not less than the value obtained by dividing the maximum central angle added by the inclination by the number of the key groove (11) is met, no matter which relative position the nut (2) rotates to, a proper key groove (11) is arranged, the positioning key (31) can be enabled to fix the key groove (11) and the outer oblique gear ring (32) is meshed with the inner oblique gear ring (21), so that the mutual position relation of the nut and the screw rod body is fixed, after the positioning ring (3) is assembled, a split ring (41) which can prevent the snap ring (4) from falling out is screwed into the screw rod body (1) to press the positioning ring (3) and properly adjust the position, and a tightening plate (42) is aligned with one outer hexagonal side face of the nut (2), the torsion tightening plate (42) is clamped on the side face to prevent the positioning ring (3) from falling off, and the whole assembly is finished.

The technical points of the invention are that: the wide and large fixing mode of the positioning key (31) and the key groove (11) is converted into the gear ring meshing with the fine and dense nut end through the positioning ring (3), the external force transmitted by the key is received through a plurality of or whole circle of teeth under the action of the inclined teeth, so that the size of the teeth can be reduced by 1 to 1.5 millimeters, and further, the size of the teeth is reduced to millimeter level, so that the mutual position relation between the nut and the bolt can be locked when the nut rotates to any position to achieve the purpose of preventing looseness by adjusting the meshing position of the positioning ring (3). The mechanical anti-loosening invention known at present has no method for thinning the meshing orientation by receiving external force in a targeted and dispersed manner. Therefore, the general structure is complex, the volume is large, and the practicability is lost. And a second point: the anti-loose structure part of most known mechanical anti-loose inventions is positioned between a nut and a workpiece, and the anti-loose structure part cannot be observed, so that the anti-loose performance is unreliable, the structure is complicated, and dangers cannot be found from the outside when the anti-loose is invalid, but the anti-loose structure part is not positioned between the nut and the workpiece and positioned on the upper surface of the nut, so that the structure is greatly simplified, and another great advantage is brought, oblique teeth and keys of the anti-loose structure exist on the surface simply, and the anti-loose part can be seen by naked eyes whether being abnormal or not without being disassembled during daily work and maintenance, thereby being beneficial to finding dangers at any time, saving a large amount of maintenance time and workload, and the third point is that: the gap between the key groove (11) and the positioning key (31) is reduced by utilizing the position difference of the helical teeth and the key groove, and the number of the helical teeth and the key groove has no special requirement. To the operating condition that locking requirement is high, can process many length's keyway (11) at the screw thread end of slotted screw body (1), from clockwise or anticlockwise direction, the degree of the central angle that arbitrary two adjacent keyways correspond should be: the central angle degree corresponding to the N helical teeth plus one helical tooth comprises the number obtained by dividing the central angle degree corresponding to the maximum central angle added by the inclination by the number of the key grooves, and the value of N is only required to ensure that the key grooves are not overlapped, so that the position difference between the helical teeth and the key grooves is utilized, and the manufacturing clearance between the positioning key (31) and the key grooves (11) is further reduced. A fourth point: the anti-falling snap ring (4) is screwed into the screw rod body (1) to press the positioning ring (3) to prevent accidental falling. And holding ring (3) prevents again that nut (2) from rotating, and nut (2) can't rotate and guaranteed the hexagonal side of nut appearance can not rotate again, thereby the hexagonal side can't rotate and lead to blocking to turn round tight board (42) and make and prevent falling out snap ring (4) and can not become flexible again, just so form a fixed effect of each other, reach as long as turn round tight board (42) turn round down and block on the hexagonal side, can guarantee that holding ring (3) can't accidentally drop. And fifth, the method comprises the following steps: the teeth on the inner bevel gear ring (21) and the outer bevel gear ring (32) are slightly inclined along the opposite direction of the screwing of the nut, so that the inclined teeth which are reversely inclined can be pressed by the loosening trend of the nut (2) under the action of the vibration force of a workpiece, and the situation that the positioning ring (3) can fall out is prevented.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the locking reliability is well guaranteed by the aid of the key, the groove, the helical tooth meshing fixing mode and the torsion clamping plate. 2. The structure is extremely small and exquisite simple, and radial dimension and standard nut size are the same, need not change present various trade bolt interval standards, let extensive practical application become possible 3. the succinct existence in the surface of anti loosening structure skewed tooth and key, during daily work and maintenance, whether the naked eye can see locking part unusual, is favorable to discovering danger at any time, and saves a large amount of maintenance time and work load. 4. The nut is not applied with acting force in the assembling and disassembling process, the pretightening force is not required to be increased intentionally for looseness prevention, no additional force is added into the pretightening force of the nut on the workpiece, and the pressure fluctuation of the nut on the workpiece is not caused. 5. The assembly and disassembly can not damage the surface of the workpiece, and the assembly and disassembly tool is more suitable for the working requirement of frequent disassembly.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a helical tooth retaining bolt and nut assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an effect view of the sequential assembly of the parts.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the axial engagement of a non-full ring retaining ring and a ring gear.

In the figure, 1 is a slotted screw rod body, 2 is a nut, 3 is a positioning ring and 4 is an anti-falling snap ring.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

as shown in figure 1, the oblique tooth backstop bolt and nut assembly comprises a slotted screw body (1), a nut (2) and a positioning ring (3), wherein a snap ring (4) is prevented from falling out, one or more key grooves (11) with certain length are processed at the thread end of the slotted screw body (1), an inner oblique gear ring (21) is welded on the nut (2), teeth on the inner oblique gear ring are slightly inclined along the opposite direction of the nut screwing, a positioning key (31) is processed at the inner side of the positioning ring (3), an outer oblique gear ring (32) is processed at the outer side, the number of teeth of the inner oblique gear ring is the same as that of the inner oblique gear ring (21), the inclination direction is consistent, a split ring (41) and a screwing plate (42) with the inner diameter equal to the inner diameter of a thread are arranged on the anti-falling snap ring (4), after the nut (2) is screwed into the screw body (1) and a workpiece is fastened, a proper key groove (11) is selected, and the positioning key (31) of the positioning ring (3) is sleeved into the key groove (11), then, an outer oblique gear ring (32) on the positioning ring (3) is meshed with an inner oblique gear ring (21) on the nut (2), as long as the requirement that the value of a central angle corresponding to a manufacturing clearance between the positioning key (31) and the key groove (11) is not less than the value obtained by dividing the maximum central angle added by the inclination by the number of the key groove (11) is met, no matter which relative position the nut (2) rotates to, a proper key groove (11) is arranged, the positioning key (31) can be enabled to fix the key groove (11) and the outer oblique gear ring (32) is meshed with the inner oblique gear ring (21), so that the mutual position relation of the nut and the screw rod body is fixed, after the positioning ring (3) is assembled, a split ring (41) which can prevent the snap ring (4) from falling out is screwed into the screw rod body (1) to press the positioning ring (3) and properly adjust the position, and a tightening plate (42) is aligned with one outer hexagonal side face of the nut (2), the torsion tightening plate (42) is clamped on the side face to prevent the positioning ring (3) from falling off, and the whole assembly is finished. In order to take out the positioning ring when the positioning ring is detached conveniently, the positioning ring is required to be higher than the inner oblique gear ring (21) after being assembled, so that a boss for concentric positioning of 1-2 mm can be machined on the upper surface of the nut, the inner oblique gear ring (21) is sleeved on the boss and welded to ensure concentricity, and the positioning ring is arranged on the boss during assembly and is higher than the inner oblique gear ring (21). The outer side of the inner bevel gear ring (21) is circular, and the shape of the inner bevel gear ring can be the same as that of a nut, such as a hexagon. In addition, according to actual requirements, a metal or nonmetal interference fit ring can be sleeved on the screw rod body to replace the clamping plate. As for the engagement mode of the teeth and the shape of the teeth, as shown in fig. 3, in practical application, the engagement direction between the helical teeth can be in various forms, in order to reduce the radial dimension of the anti-loose structure, a radial and axial tooth combined engagement mode can be adopted as shown in fig. 3, a biaxial tooth combined engagement mode can also be adopted as shown in fig. 3, in addition, the positioning ring only needs to ensure enough teeth to bear the force transmitted by the key, and the positioning ring does not need to be engaged in a whole circle, as shown in the example of the non-whole-circle positioning ring in fig. 3. In addition, according to actual requirements, the shapes of the positioning key (31) and the key slot (11) can be in various forms such as a triangle, an arc, a plane and the like. In addition, according to practical conditions, the split ring (41) which is prevented from falling out of the snap ring (4) is screwed into the screw rod body (1) to press the positioning ring (3) and properly adjust the position, the tightening plate (42) is aligned with one outer hexagonal side face of the nut (2), and the tightening plate (42) is twisted to clamp the side face, so that the split ring (41) does not press the positioning ring (3) and a gap exists between the split ring and the positioning ring, and the increase of the meshing thickness of two enough inclined gear rings is considered when the minimum thickness of the positioning ring (3) is set.

The scope of the invention should not be considered limited to the particular forms set forth, but is intended to include all equivalent technical means, modifications of tooth shape and structural principles which may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A skewed tooth stopping bolt and nut assembly comprises a slotted screw body (1), a nut (2), a positioning ring (3) and a clamping ring (4) which is prevented from falling out, one or more key grooves (11) with certain length are processed at the thread end of the slotted screw body (1), an inner oblique gear ring (21) is welded on the nut (2), teeth on the inner oblique gear ring slightly incline along the opposite direction of the nut screwing, a positioning key (31) is processed at the inner side of the positioning ring (3), an outer oblique gear ring (32) is processed at the outer side, the number of teeth of the outer oblique gear ring is the same as that of the inner oblique gear ring (21), the inclination direction is consistent, a split ring (41) and a screwing plate (42) which have the inner diameter equal to the thread inner diameter are arranged on the clamping ring (4) which is prevented from falling out, after the nut (2) is screwed into the slotted screw body (1) and a workpiece is fastened, a proper key groove (11) is selected, the positioning key (31) of the positioning ring (3) is sleeved into the key groove (11), then, an outer oblique gear ring (32) on the positioning ring (3) is meshed with an inner oblique gear ring (21) on the nut (2), as long as the requirement that the value of a central angle corresponding to a manufacturing clearance between the positioning key (31) and the key groove (11) is not less than the value obtained by dividing the maximum central angle added by the inclination by the number of the key groove (11) is met, no matter which relative position the nut (2) rotates to, a proper key groove (11) is arranged, the positioning key (31) can be enabled to fix the key groove (11) and the outer oblique gear ring (32) is meshed with the inner oblique gear ring (21), so that the mutual position relation of the nut and the screw rod body is fixed, after the positioning ring (3) is assembled, a split ring (41) which can prevent the snap ring (4) from falling out is screwed into the screw rod body (1) to press the positioning ring (3) and properly adjust the position, and a tightening plate (42) is aligned with one outer hexagonal side face of the nut (2), the torsion tightening plate (42) is clamped on the side face to prevent the positioning ring (3) from falling off, and the whole assembly is finished.

2. The helical tooth retaining bolt and nut assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning key (31) and the key groove (11) are fixed by the positioning ring (3) in a wide and large fixing mode and are engaged with the fine gear ring at the nut end, the helical tooth is used for receiving external force transmitted by the key through a plurality of or a whole circle of teeth, so that the size of the teeth can be reduced by 1 to 1.5 mm, and further, the size of the teeth is reduced to a millimeter level, so that the nut can be rotated to any position and the mutual position relation between the nut and the bolt can be locked by adjusting the engaging position of the positioning ring (3) to achieve the purpose of preventing looseness.

3. The helical tooth retaining bolt and nut assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the threaded end of the slotted bolt body (1) is provided with one or two keyways (11) with a certain length, and the central angle corresponding to any two adjacent keyways is determined by the following degrees from clockwise or counterclockwise direction: the central angle degree corresponding to the N helical teeth plus one helical tooth comprises the number obtained by dividing the central angle degree corresponding to the maximum central angle added by the inclination by the number of the key grooves, and the value of N is only required to ensure that the key grooves are not overlapped, so that the position difference between the helical teeth and the key grooves is utilized, and the manufacturing clearance between the positioning key (31) and the key grooves (11) is further reduced.

4. The helical tooth retaining bolt and nut assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anti-falling snap ring (4) is screwed into the bolt body (1) to press the positioning ring (3) to prevent accidental falling off, the positioning ring (3) prevents the nut (2) from rotating, the nut (2) cannot rotate and ensures that the hexagonal side of the nut profile cannot rotate, and the hexagonal side cannot rotate and causes the clamping of the tightening plate (42) so that the anti-falling snap ring (4) cannot loosen, thereby forming a mutually fixing effect, and ensuring that the positioning ring (3) cannot accidentally fall off as long as the tightening plate (42) is twisted down and clamped on the hexagonal side.

5. The helical tooth retaining bolt and nut assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retaining ring is non-integral and the gear ring is engaged in either annular or axial engagement.

6. A skewed tooth back-stop bolt and nut assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the teeth on the inner skewed tooth ring (21) and the outer skewed tooth ring (32) are slightly skewed in the opposite direction to the direction in which the nut is tightened, such that the tendency of the nut (2) to loosen under the action of the shock of the workpiece compresses the skewed teeth in the opposite direction, thereby preventing the retaining ring (3) from falling out.