CN113802665A - Method for manufacturing rainwater garden by using building particle waste - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing rainwater garden by using building particle waste Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
- E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F7/00—Other installations or implements for operating sewer systems, e.g. for preventing or indicating stoppage; Emptying cesspools
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a rainwater garden by using building particle wastes, which comprises the following steps: step 1: local building particle waste is obtained nearby; step 2: pre-treating the building particle waste, sorting, crushing and screening the building particle waste with the particle sizes of 5-15mm and 15-25 mm; and step 3: construction granular waste as ground covering material: the construction particle waste and other common materials are set into a control experiment, and the following indexes are respectively measured: heat preservation and water storage indexes, soil improvement indexes and plant growth promotion indexes; after the determination is finished, analyzing the data and comprehensively evaluating the optimal parameters; and 4, step 4: building particle waste is used as a rainwater garden filling layer: setting orthogonal experiments according to different types, heights and particle sizes of the fillers; and 5: obtaining the technical integration of the application of the building particle waste in the rainwater garden; step 6: the method is suitable for local rainwater garden using building particle waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of greening engineering construction, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing a rainwater garden by using building particle wastes.
Background
With the rapid development of urbanization, two major urban problems appear in many areas, namely, a large amount of construction waste is generated every year; secondly, the urban rainfall flood problem is increasingly serious. The advanced classification of the current garbage aims at the targeted treatment of the pushed wastes, and taking China as an example, the quantity of a plurality of urban construction wastes accounts for 30-40% of the total quantity of the urban wastes; the total quantity of construction waste is increased due to the increase of the urbanization process, so how to discharge and treat the urban construction waste becomes an important subject facing building construction enterprises and environmental protection departments. Research shows that many construction wastes have resource property, and more than 95 percent of construction wastes can be used as raw materials for construction engineering after resource treatment. The resource utilization rate of the construction waste of many developed countries such as Japan and Germany is up to more than 90%, and the ways of recycling, processing, recycling, crushing, recycling and the like are mostly adopted. Therefore, the harm caused by stacking the construction waste can be fundamentally solved, and the construction waste can be changed into a green construction material to be reused for engineering construction, so that the urban construction can be driven to a sustainable development road.
Practitioners in the field of greening engineering construction are still in a fuzzy stage on application ways and reasonable use of construction wastes, and the problem that improvement of a building material system for landscape construction is needed to be solved urgently is that regenerated building materials generated by construction solid wastes are scientifically used in landscape ecological construction.
In the process of building a 'sponge city' in China in recent years, a rainwater garden is found as one of biological retention facilities, so that the rainwater garden can meet the storage and seepage requirements, can also filter and purify rainwater, and effectively reduces the content of pollutants in water. At present, domestic and foreign researches mainly aim at utilizing urban solid garbage more in the aspects of terrain, garden buildings, roads, bridges, small products and the like, but have less researches on soil components, and particularly, the manufacturing method of domestic related products is very deficient.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a rainwater garden by using building particle wastes, so that the local building wastes are recycled in the construction of sponge cities, and the two existing problems of the removal of the building wastes and the source of good ecological landscape materials are solved.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a method for making a rainwater garden using construction granular waste, comprising the steps of:
step 1: local building particle waste is obtained nearby;
step 2: pre-treating the building particle waste, sorting, crushing and screening the building particle waste with the particle sizes of 5-15mm and 15-25 mm;
and step 3: construction granular waste as ground covering material: the construction particle waste and other common materials are set into a control experiment, and the following indexes are respectively measured: heat preservation and water storage indexes, soil improvement indexes and plant growth promotion indexes; after the determination is finished, analyzing the data and comprehensively evaluating the optimal parameters;
and 4, step 4: building particle waste is used as a rainwater garden filling layer: setting orthogonal experiments according to different types, heights and particle sizes of the fillers, and measuring the following indexes by taking 5 days as a period; controlling the effect index of rain flood and reducing the effect index of runoff pollution; analyzing data and comprehensively evaluating optimal parameters after the determination is finished;
and 5: obtaining the technical integration of the application of the building particle waste in the rainwater garden;
step 6: the method is suitable for local rainwater garden using building particle waste.
Preferably, the heat preservation and water storage index is a heat preservation and water storage index, the soil improvement index comprises Ph, EC value and nutrient index, and the plant growth promotion index comprises weed species and dry weight index;
preferably, the rainfall flood control effect indexes comprise delayed outflow time, permeability and water storage rate, and the runoff pollution reduction effect indexes comprise suspended matters, heavy metals and nutrients;
preferably, the indexes measured in the step 3 and the step 4 are data processed by Excel2020, and data are analyzed by performing variance analysis and significance test on the data by using SPSS 25.0;
preferably, the comparison test in the step 3 is to select building-sized particle waste, cobblestones, ceramsite and barks for comparison, prepare 24 square lands of 1 × 1m, uniformly spread the surface covering materials on the surfaces of the square lands, set 3 groups of repeated error avoidance for each covering material, and finally make marks in a format of 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 on each square; wherein the earth surface covering materials of the 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 sample land are large building particle wastes with the particle size of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 3 cm; the ground surface covering materials of the 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 sample land are large building particle wastes with the particle size of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering materials of the 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3 sample land are small building particle wastes with the particle size of 5-15mm, and the average thickness is 3 cm; the ground surface covering material of the 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 sample land is small building particle waste with the particle size of 5-15mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; covering the ground surface of the land of the 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3 sample squares with the original soil consistent with the original soil in the sample squares as a blank control, wherein the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering materials of the 6-1, 6-2 and 6-3 sample land are pine bark particles with the particle size of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering material of the soil of the 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3 samples is white cobblestones with the grain diameter of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; the earth surface covering material of 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 sample land is ceramsite with the grain diameter of 15mm and the average thickness of 6 cm;
preferably, the orthogonal experiment in the step 4 includes three structural parameters of a factor A filler component, a factor B filler layer thickness and a factor C filler particle size of the simulated soil column, wherein the factor A filler layer filler component comprises 2 levels: zeolite and building particulate waste; the factor B filler layer thickness contains 3 levels: 30cm, 40cm, 50 cm; the factor C filler particle size comprises a 2 level: 5-15mm, 15-25 mm; in the filler components of the factor A filler layer, the improved planting soil per unit volume is formed by mixing 50% of yellow sand with the particle size of 0.35-0.5 mm, 30% of yellow silty clay in Shanghai city, 15% of peat and 5% of organic fertilizer respectively; the building garbage mainly comprises 50% of building wastes, 40% of zeolite and 10% of melon seed pieces, wherein the particle size of the melon seed pieces is 1-2 cm, and the particle size of the zeolite is 1-2 cm;
preferably, the simulated soil columns of the experimental group are all provided with packing layers as variables, constant quantities sequentially include a water storage layer of 30cm and a covering layer of 5cm from top to bottom, gravels with the particle size of 1-2 cm are laid, soil layer is 20cm improved planting soil, a transition layer is formed by laying 2 layers of geotextile or gauze, a drainage layer is formed by laying 20cm 2-4 cm gravels, and a water overflow port at the upper part of the water storage layer and a water seepage facility at the lower part of the drainage layer are water seepage pipes, water outlets and water collectors. In order to make the experiment more rigorous, N groups of pure soil columns are added as controls, and the experiment is carried out on 13 simulated soil columns in total, wherein marks in a format of A, B, C are made on the 13 groups of simulated soil columns, so that data can be conveniently recorded and analyzed in the subsequent experiment. Wherein the packing layer of A is small building particle waste with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the packing layer of the B is large building particle waste with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of the C is small building particle waste with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; d, the packing layer is large building particle waste with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of the E is small building particle waste with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the packing layer of the F is large building particle waste with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of G is small zeolite with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the packing layer of the H is large zeolite with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the filler layer of the I is small zeolite with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the filler layer of J is large zeolite with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of the K is small zeolite with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the filler layer of the L is large zeolite with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm;
preferably, the leaching device in the orthogonal experiment divides the simulated rainfall into three grades based on data and analysis obtained by a preliminary experiment in the early stage as a basis: storm rain is 15.0-39.9mm/h, heavy storm rain is 40.0-49.9mm/h, and extra heavy storm rain is more than or equal to 50.0 mm/h;
preferably, a simulated rainfall mode with 5 days as a period is adopted in the orthogonal experiment, the simulated rainfall mode comprises water inflow for 1 day and a dry period for 4 days, earth pillar effluent water is taken in each period and is equivalently mixed and stored, the experiment is carried out for 45 days, three rainfall levels are respectively carried out for three times, and the water inflow duration time is 1 hour each time.
The method for manufacturing the rainwater garden by using the building particle waste has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining local building particle waste, screening particles with the particle sizes of 5-15mm and 15-25mm, applying the particles to a small rainwater garden simulation experiment, and subdividing the particle size of the particles into a research part as a ground surface covering material and a research part as a rainwater garden filling layer. In the experiment that the building particle waste is used as the ground surface covering material, a 1 multiplied by 1m small-area sample can be set to be compared with the garden landscape ground surface covering materials which are widely popularized in local places, such as cobblestones, ceramsite, barks and the like, and the determination indexes comprise: heat preservation and water storage (soil temperature and humidity), soil improvement (Ph, EC value, nutrient substances and the like), plant growth promotion (weed species, weed dry weight and the like); as an experiment of the packing layer of the rainwater garden, the functional structure can be designed into a soil column in an equal-proportion reduction way for orthogonal experiment, 12 experimental groups are generated by setting the packing component of the factor A packing layer (containing 2 levels: zeolite and building particle waste), the thickness of the factor B packing layer (containing 3 levels: 30cm, 40cm and 50cm) and the particle size of the factor C packing (containing 2 levels: 5-15mm and 15-25 mm), the packing layer is variable, and constant quantities are a water storage layer (30cm), a covering layer (5cm, gravel with the particle size of 1-2 cm is laid), a soil layer (20cm improved planting soil), a transition layer (2 layers of geotextile or gauze are laid), a drainage layer (20cm 2-4 cm gravel) and an overflow port at the upper part of the water storage layer and a water seepage facility (a water seepage pipe, a water outlet and a water collector) at the lower part of the drainage layer from top to bottom in sequence. In order to make the experiment more rigorous, 1 group of pure soil columns should be added as a control, so that 13 groups of simulated soil columns are finally generated for experiment. The assay index should contain the following two parts: controlling rainfall flood effect (including delayed outflow time, permeability, water storage rate, etc.), and reducing runoff pollution effect (including suspended matter, heavy metal, nutrient, etc.). Both experimental data were collated using Excel2020 and data were analyzed using analysis of variance and significance testing using SPSS 25.0. Wherein the data analysis focuses on comprehensively evaluating the optimal parameters of the construction particle waste applied to the ground surface covering material and the rainwater garden filler layer, and obtaining the technical integration of the construction particle waste applied to the ground surface covering material and the rainwater garden filler layer; the invention provides a method for utilizing building particle waste to construct a rainwater garden, which can solve the stacking problem of the building particle waste, save the disposal cost, reduce the environmental pollution, utilize the green land to accumulate rainwater on site, reduce the storm runoff peak value and rainwater discharge and increase the recharge of underground water. The method realizes the reutilization of local building wastes in the construction of sponge cities, solves two existing problems of solid waste removal and good ecological landscape material source, is technically feasible, economically reasonable, has outstanding environment-friendly effect, and has flexible and diverse application places and very wide popularization and application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for making a rainwater garden using construction granular waste according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a flow of selecting a surface covering material for a method of manufacturing a rainwater garden using construction granular waste according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a number i ground plane layout of a method for making a rainwater garden using construction particle waste according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing an alternative flow of the packing layer of the method for making a rainwater garden using the construction granular waste according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a level table of orthogonal experimental factors for a method of fabricating a rainwater garden using construction granular waste according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a plan layout of 13 simulated soil columns in the research of the No. II ground rainwater garden packing layer of the method for manufacturing the rainwater garden by using the construction particle waste provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings to assist in understanding the contents of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, in order to provide a method for manufacturing a rainwater garden by using construction particle wastes, the site layout of a selected rainwater garden test area is in a regular form, and comprises a research area used as a ground surface covering material and a research area used as a filler layer of the rainwater garden, and the whole research framework is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 101: local building particle waste is obtained nearby (according to local conditions, the early cost of transportation and the like is reduced);
step 102: pretreatment of the construction granular waste (namely, the construction solid waste is sorted and crushed by related companies, and finally the construction granular waste to be used is screened);
step 103: research as a ground covering material;
step 104: research on the filler layer of the rainwater garden;
step 105: the technical integration of the application of the building particle waste in the rainwater garden;
step 106: a method for making a rainwater garden by using building particle wastes.
The technical integration of the detection indexes and data analysis of the specific experimental study and the application of the building particle waste in the rainwater garden is the conclusion obtained by the professional staff through the experiment, and finally, the method for using the building particle waste to make the rainwater garden suitable for the area can be summarized.
The specific operation process of applying the construction particle waste to the rainwater garden construction in the embodiment can be as follows:
a newly-built rainwater garden test area made of building particle wastes is positioned in a botanical garden of Shanghai application technology university and originally is a waste grassland with the area of about 50 square meters. The experiment is started from 10 months in 2019 and ended from 1 month in 2021, construction waste used in the experiment is from waste buildings dismantled from Shanghai city, and the waste buildings are separated and crushed by company through cooperation with Xinsheng roadbed material company Limited in the east New zone of Shanghai Pumping to screen 2 particle sizes of 5-15mm, 15-25 mm; the research area of the construction particle waste as the ground covering material, namely a No. I ground, has the area of about 40 square meters, and the part of the research frame is shown as a figure 2, and the concrete steps comprise:
step 201: research as a ground covering material;
step 202: setting the construction particle waste and other common materials as a control experiment;
step 203: measuring some indexes after a certain time;
step 204: heat preservation and water storage (index type 1);
step 205: soil improvement (index type 2);
step 206: plant growth promotion (index type 3);
step 207: the temperature and humidity of the soil (specific indexes to be measured in the index type 1);
step 208: ph, EC value, nutrient, etc. (specific to-be-measured indexes in index type 2);
step 209: weed species and dry weight (specific to-be-measured index in index type 3);
step 210: analyzing the data and comprehensively evaluating the optimal parameters;
step 211: the technical integration of the application of construction particle waste in ground covering materials.
Preferably, the operation and data analysis of the specific indexes to be measured are carried out, and then the comprehensive evaluation of the optimal parameters is the conclusion obtained by professional staff, and finally the technical integration of the application of the building particle waste in the ground surface covering material suitable for the area can be summarized.
In the experiment, building-sized particle waste and cobblestones, ceramsite and barks which are commonly used in the current practical projects are selected for carrying out a contrast test, 24 pieces of 1 × 1m square land are prepared, surface covering materials are uniformly paved on the surface of the square land, 3 groups of repeated error avoidance are set for each covering material, and finally marks with the formats of 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 are made on each square, as shown in a ground plane layout No. 3I. Wherein the earth surface covering materials of the 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 sample land are large building particle wastes (the particle size is 15-25 mm), and the average thickness is 3 cm; 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 sample land surface covering materials are large building particle waste (the particle size is 15-25 mm), and the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering material of the 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3 sample land is small building particle waste (the particle size is 5-15 mm), and the average thickness is 3 cm; the ground surface covering material of the 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 sample land is small building particle waste (the particle size is 5-15 mm), and the average thickness is 6 cm; covering the ground surface of the land of the 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3 sample squares with the original soil consistent with the original soil in the sample squares as a blank control, wherein the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering material of the 6-1, 6-2 and 6-3 sample land is pine bark particles (the particle size is 15-25 mm), and the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering material of the 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3 sample land is white cobble (the grain diameter is 15-25 mm), and the average thickness is 6 cm; the earth surface covering materials of 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 sample lands are ceramsite (the particle size is about 15mm), and the average thickness is 6 cm. The determination index of the control test in the research as the ground surface covering material comprises the following three parts: heat preservation and water storage, soil improvement and plant growth promotion. Wherein the heat preservation and water storage indexes comprise soil temperature and humidity; the soil improvement indexes comprise Ph, EC value and nutrient substances; the plant growth promoting indexes comprise weed species and weed dry weight. After the data measurement is finished, the data is processed by Excel2020, and data analysis is performed by performing analysis of variance and significance test on the data by using SPSS 25.0. Finally, the optimal parameters of the construction particle waste applied to the ground surface covering material are comprehensively evaluated, and the technical integration of the construction particle waste applied to the ground surface covering material is obtained.
The research area of the construction particle waste as the packing layer of the rainwater garden, namely the No. II ground, is about 10 square meters, and the part of the research frame is shown as figure 4, and the concrete steps comprise:
step 401: research on the filler layer of the rainwater garden;
step 402: setting orthogonal experiments according to different types, heights and particle sizes of the fillers;
step 403: measuring indexes with a period of 5 days (4 days apart);
step 404: controlling the effect of rain flood (index type 1);
step 405: the effect of reducing runoff pollution (index type 2);
step 406: delay outflow time, permeability, and water storage rate (specific to-be-measured index in index type 1);
step 407: suspended matters, heavy metals and nutrients (specific indexes to be measured in the index type 2);
step 408: analyzing the data and comprehensively evaluating the optimal parameters;
step 409: the application of the building particle waste in the packing layer of the rainwater garden is technically integrated.
Preferably, the operation and data analysis of the specific indexes to be measured are carried out, then the optimal parameters are comprehensively evaluated to be the conclusion obtained by professional workers, and finally the technical integration of the application of the building particle waste in the rainwater garden packing layer suitable for the area can be summarized.
The experimental device for the research institute that the building particle waste is used as the rainwater garden packing layer is designed and customized by the user, and the main body comprises a simulated rainfall leaching device and a simulated soil column representing a rainwater garden functional structure. The tested soil is collected from the plant garden in school; the construction waste used in the test is from a waste building dismantled in Shanghai city, and is sorted and crushed by a professional recovery company to screen 2 types of particle sizes of 5-15mm, 15-25 mm; other materials are uniformly purchased according to the industry standard to ensure that the constants are consistent. Through designing the simulation soil column experiment that the equal proportion reduces, regard as original soil replacement material after smashing building waste in artifical rainwater garden system inside soil layer structure, utilize the main structural layer index that influences greatly to retaining capacity and pollutant removal in the rainwater garden to the orthogonal experiment analysis: soil layer structures with different fillers, different filler layer thicknesses and different filler particle sizes have the capacity of accumulating rainwater and removing suspended matters and the like in radial flow. In the orthogonal experiment, a simulated earth column is provided with a factor A filler component, a factor B filler layer thickness and a factor C filler particle size, three structural parameters are used as research factors, and the factor A filler component comprises 2 levels: zeolite and construction particulate waste, the factor B packing layer thickness comprises 3 levels: 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, the factor C filler particle size comprises a 2 level: 5-15mm, 15-25mm, the factor level table is shown in figure 5. In the factor A, the improved planting soil per unit volume is respectively formed by mixing 50% of yellow sand with the particle size of 0.35-0.5 mm, 30% of yellow silty clay in Shanghai city, 15% of peat and 5% of organic fertilizer; the main components of the construction waste are 50% of construction waste, 40% of zeolite and 10% of melon seed slices. (wherein the particle size of the melon seed pieces is 1-2 cm; the particle size of the zeolite is 1-2 cm). The method comprises the steps of generating 12 simulated earth column experimental groups (labeled by A-L) through arrangement and combination, wherein the 12 simulated earth columns of the experimental groups are all provided with packing layers as variables, and the constant quantities of the simulated earth columns are sequentially a water storage layer (30cm), a covering layer (5cm, gravel with the particle size of 1-2 cm), a soil layer (20cm improved planting soil), a transition layer (2 layers of geotextile or gauze are paved), a drainage layer (20cm 2-4 cm gravel) and a water overflow port on the upper portion of the water storage layer and a water seepage facility (a water seepage pipe, a water outlet and a water collector) on the lower portion of the drainage layer. In order to increase N groups of pure soil columns as a control for more rigorous experiments, 13 simulated soil columns are used for experiments in total, the 13 groups of simulated soil columns are marked in a format of A, B, C so as to be convenient for recording and analyzing data in subsequent experiments, and the plane arrangement of the 13 simulated soil columns is shown in fig. 6. Wherein the packing layer of A is small building particle waste (the particle size is 5-15 mm) with the thickness of 30 cm; the packing layer of the B is large-particle waste (the particle size is 15-25 mm) with the thickness of 30cm for construction; the packing layer of the C is small building particle waste (the particle size is 5-15 mm) with the thickness of 40 cm; d, the packing layer is large-particle waste (the particle size is 15-25 mm) with the thickness of 40 cm; the packing layer of the E is 50cm thick small building particle waste (the particle size is 5-15 mm); the packing layer of the F is large-particle waste (the particle size is 15-25 mm) with the thickness of 50cm for construction; the packing layer of G is small zeolite (the grain diameter is 5-15 mm) with the thickness of 30 cm; the packing layer of the H is large zeolite (the grain diameter is 15-25 mm) with the thickness of 30 cm; the filler layer of the I is small zeolite (the grain diameter is 5-15 mm) with the thickness of 40 cm; the filler layer of J is large zeolite (the grain diameter is 15-25 mm) with the thickness of 40 cm; the packing layer of the K is small zeolite (the grain diameter is 5-15 mm) with the thickness of 50 cm; the packing layer of L is 50cm thick large zeolite (the grain diameter is 15-25 mm). The leaching device in the orthogonal experiment is based on data and analysis obtained by an early-stage preliminary experiment as a basis, and simulated rainfall is divided into three grades, namely rainstorm (15.0-39.9mm/h), heavy rainstorm (40.0-49.9mm/h) and extra-heavy rainstorm (more than or equal to 50.0mm/h) in a formal experiment. In the experiment process, a simulated rainfall mode with 5d as a period is adopted, water is fed for 1d, the dry period is 4d, earth pillar effluent is taken in each period and is mixed and stored in equal amount, and the experiment is carried out for 45d totally. The three rainfall levels are respectively carried out three times, and the duration of each water inflow is 1 h. The orthogonal test determination index in the research as the rainwater garden filling layer comprises the following two parts: controlling rain flood and reducing runoff pollution. Wherein the rainfall flood control effect index comprises delayed outflow time, permeability and water storage rate; the effect indexes for reducing runoff pollution comprise suspended matters, heavy metals and nutrients. The data should be sorted by Excel2020, and data analysis and significance inspection are performed on the data by SPSS 25.0, so that the optimal parameters of the building particle waste applied to the rainwater garden filler layer are comprehensively evaluated, and the technical integration of the application of the building particle waste in the rainwater garden filler layer is obtained.
At present, the demonstration case is completely ended, and better ecological effects such as improvement of surface soil by surface covering materials are obtained overall, and meanwhile, runoff during rainstorm is obviously slowed down and water quality is purified. In addition, data show that local building particle waste is recycled in rainwater garden construction, the stacking problem of building waste can be solved, disposal cost is saved, mutual matching of technology and resources can be realized, rainwater accumulated in greenbelt is infiltrated in situ, pollutants such as heavy metals, organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff are reduced, absorption and purification of runoff are realized, water used in greenbelt is reduced to relieve urban waterlogging and municipal drainage pressure, increasingly exhausted underground water is supplemented to restore ecology, building waste is recycled to reduce environmental pollution, heat island effect is relieved, and ecological cities are built. The method is beneficial to promoting and optimizing the construction of the sponge city more deeply, improves the toughness of the city for coping with the rain flood problem, and can be said to achieve the expected effect.
The inventive concept is explained in detail herein using specific examples, which are given only to aid in understanding the core concepts of the invention. It should be understood that any obvious modifications, equivalents and other improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of making a storm water garden from construction particulate waste, comprising the steps of:
step 1: local building particle waste is obtained nearby;
step 2: pre-treating the building particle waste, sorting, crushing and screening the building particle waste with the particle sizes of 5-15mm and 15-25 mm;
and step 3: construction granular waste as ground covering material: the construction particle waste and other common materials are set into a control experiment, and the following indexes are respectively measured: heat preservation and water storage indexes, soil improvement indexes and plant growth promotion indexes; after the determination is finished, analyzing the data and comprehensively evaluating the optimal parameters;
and 4, step 4: building particle waste is used as a rainwater garden filling layer: setting orthogonal experiments according to different types, heights and particle sizes of the fillers, and measuring the following indexes by taking 5 days as a period; controlling the effect index of rain flood and reducing the effect index of runoff pollution; analyzing data and comprehensively evaluating optimal parameters after the determination is finished;
and 5: obtaining the technical integration of the application of the building particle waste in the rainwater garden;
step 6: the method is suitable for local rainwater garden using building particle waste.
2. A method of making a storm water garden using construction granule waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein said insulation and impoundment index is an insulation and impoundment index, said soil improvement index includes Ph, EC value, nutrient index, said plant growth promotion index includes weed species and dry weight index.
3. A method of making a storm water garden using construction waste particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for controlling stormwater includes delayed outflow time, permeability, and water retention, and said means for reducing runoff contamination includes suspended matter, heavy metals, and nutrients.
4. A method of making a storm water garden using construction granule waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein said determination in step 3 and step 4 is performed by using Excel2020 data, and said data is analyzed by performing analysis of variance and significance test on said data using SPSS 25.0.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the control test in step 3 is to select the building size particle waste and cobblestones, haydite and bark for control, and prepare 24 1 x 1m square lands, spread the ground surface covering material on the surface of the square land uniformly, and set 3 sets of repetition for each covering material to avoid errors, and finally mark each square as 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3; wherein the earth surface covering materials of the 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 sample land are large building particle wastes with the particle size of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 3 cm; the ground surface covering materials of the 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 sample land are large building particle wastes with the particle size of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering materials of the 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3 sample land are small building particle wastes with the particle size of 5-15mm, and the average thickness is 3 cm; the ground surface covering material of the 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 sample land is small building particle waste with the particle size of 5-15mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; covering the ground surface of the land of the 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3 sample squares with the original soil consistent with the original soil in the sample squares as a blank control, wherein the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering material of the 6-1, 6-2 and 6-3 sample land is pine bark particles with the particle size of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; the ground surface covering material of the land with the 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3 squares is white cobblestones with the grain diameter of 15-25mm, and the average thickness is 6 cm; the earth surface covering material of 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 sample land is ceramsite with the grain diameter of 15mm and the average thickness of 6 cm.
6. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the orthogonal experiment in step 4 includes simulating the soil column to set three structural parameters of factor A filler component, factor B filler layer thickness and factor C filler particle size, the factor A filler component comprises 2 levels: zeolite and building particulate waste; the factor B filler layer thickness contains 3 levels: 30cm, 40cm, 50 cm; the factor C filler particle size comprises a 2 level: 5-15mm, 15-25 mm; in the filler components of the factor A filler layer, the improved planting soil per unit volume is formed by mixing 50% of yellow sand with the particle size of 0.35-0.5 mm, 30% of yellow silty clay in Shanghai city, 15% of peat and 5% of organic fertilizer respectively; the building garbage mainly comprises 50% of building wastes, 40% of zeolite and 10% of melon seed pieces, wherein the particle size of the melon seed pieces is 1-2 cm, and the particle size of the zeolite is 1-2 cm.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the simulated soil columns of the experimental group are provided with variable packing layers, constant quantities from top to bottom are 30cm for an aquifer, 5cm for a cover layer, gravel with a grain size of 1-2 cm is laid, 20cm for improved planting soil for a soil layer, 2 layers of geotextile or gauze are laid for a transition layer, 20cm 2-4 cm for a drainage layer, and a water overflow port at the upper part of the aquifer and a water seepage facility at the lower part of the drainage layer are water seepage pipes, water outlets and water collectors. In order to increase N groups of pure soil columns as controls for more rigorous experiments, 13 simulated soil columns are used for experiments in total, and marks in a format of A, B, C are marked on the 13 groups of simulated soil columns so as to facilitate data recording and analysis in subsequent experiments. Wherein the packing layer of A is small building particle waste with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the packing layer of the B is large building particle waste with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of the C is small building particle waste with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; d, the packing layer is large building particle waste with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of the E is small building particle waste with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the packing layer of the F is large building particle waste with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of G is small zeolite with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the packing layer of the H is large zeolite with the thickness of 30cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the filler layer of the I is small zeolite with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the filler layer of J is large zeolite with the thickness of 40cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm; the packing layer of the K is small zeolite with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 5-15 mm; the filler layer of L is large zeolite with the thickness of 50cm and the particle size of 15-25 mm.
8. A method of making a rainwater garden using construction granular waste according to claim 6, wherein said washing means in orthogonal experiment divides the simulated rainfall into three levels based on the data and analysis obtained from the previous preliminary experiment: the rainstorm is 15.0-39.9mm/h, the heavy rainstorm is 40.0-49.9mm/h, and the extra heavy rainstorm is more than or equal to 50.0 mm/h.
9. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the orthogonal experiment uses a simulated rainfall mode with 5 days as a cycle, including 1 day of water intake and 4 days of dry period, the earth pillar water is taken out and stored in equal amount in each cycle, the experiment is carried out for 45 days, three rainfall levels are provided, and the duration of each water intake is 1 hour.
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| CN109757252A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-17 | 星景生态环保科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of Rain Garden constructed using building castoff |
| CN210491800U (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-05-12 | 星景生态环保科技（苏州）有限公司 | Utilize rainwater garden of building waste structure |
| CN213114892U (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2021-05-04 | 上海应用技术大学 | Functional rainwater garden suitable for sponge city |
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| CN109757252A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-17 | 星景生态环保科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of Rain Garden constructed using building castoff |
| CN210491800U (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-05-12 | 星景生态环保科技（苏州）有限公司 | Utilize rainwater garden of building waste structure |
| CN213114892U (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2021-05-04 | 上海应用技术大学 | Functional rainwater garden suitable for sponge city |
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