CN113802539B - Drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
Drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113802539B CN113802539B CN202111091359.0A CN202111091359A CN113802539B CN 113802539 B CN113802539 B CN 113802539B CN 202111091359 A CN202111091359 A CN 202111091359A CN 113802539 B CN113802539 B CN 113802539B
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- drainage
- mucky soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
- E02D3/123—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and compacting the soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
Abstract
The invention discloses a drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil, which is prepared from raw materials of cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1 (2.5-3.5); the invention also discloses a preparation and application method of the drainage agent for accelerating drainage of the mucky soil. The preparation method is beneficial to reducing the hydrophilicity of clay minerals in the mucky soil and improving the permeability of the mucky soil by preparing the water discharging agent and mixing and reacting the water discharging agent with the mucky soil to be discharged, can be used for accelerating the operation time of water discharging and consolidation of the mucky soil through a preloading method and a vacuum preloading method, and obviously reduces the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mucky soil drainage and foundation treatment, in particular to a drainage agent for accelerated drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof.
Background
Mucky soils are soft soils that are deposited in a still or slowly flowing water environment and formed under a series of biological, physical and chemical actions. Mucky soil has the characteristics of low strength, high water content, high pore ratio, high compressibility, low permeability and the like, and can not be directly used as a foundation of a building, so that the engineering construction difficulty in mucky soil areas is increased. In engineering construction, the existing drainage consolidation treatment methods for mucky soil mainly comprise a preloading method and a vacuum preloading method, the action principles of the treatment methods are similar, and water in the mucky soil is discharged through preloading and vacuumizing respectively to compress and consolidate the soil body, so that the strength is improved. However, the muddy soil contains more hydrophilic clay minerals, so that the soil body permeability is low, the drainage speed is slow, and the operation time of drainage consolidation of the muddy soil through a preloading method and a vacuum preloading method is long and the cost is high.
Based on the situation, the invention provides a drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof. Aims to solve the problems of long operation time and high cost of the drainage consolidation of the mucky soil by a preloading method and a vacuum preloading method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil, which comprises cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1 (2.5-3.5).
Preferably, the raw materials of the water discharging agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3.
Preferably, the components of the cottonseed oil comprise palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid, wherein the content of palmitic acid, the content of linoleic acid and the content of oleic acid in the cottonseed oil are 21.6% -24.8%, 44.9% -55% and 18% -30.7%, respectively.
Preferably, the concentrated sulfuric acid has a concentration of greater than 98%.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a drainage agent for accelerated drainage of mucky soil, the method comprising:
measuring a certain volume of cottonseed oil into a reaction vessel in a constant temperature environment of 25 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume being 2.5-3.5 times that of the cottonseed oil into the cottonseed oil, and simultaneously continuously stirring for a period of time to fully mix and react the cottonseed oil and the concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare the water discharging agent.
In the technical scheme, the cottonseed oil and the concentrated sulfuric acid are fully mixed to generate sulfonation chemical reaction; after the cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid are subjected to sulfonation chemical reaction, sulfonic groups are introduced into fatty acid in the cottonseed oil to obtain a sulfonated oil product containing hydrophilic lipophilic groups, and the product is the water discharging agent; the chemical reaction formula of the cottonseed oil and the concentrated sulfuric acid is shown as the following formula (1).
R-COOH+H 2 SO 4 →R-CH 2 -SO 3 H (1)
Wherein R-is saturated or unsaturated alkyl, R-COOH is fatty acid; after sulfonation reaction, sulfonic group-SO is introduced into fatty acid 3 H, i.e. fatty acids, having both hydrophilic (-SO) groups 3 H) And lipophilic group (R-).
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a method of using a drainage agent for accelerated drainage of muddy soil, the method of using comprising:
s1, measuring the total water volume of the mucky soil: collecting a part of mucky soil sample needing drainage treatment, weighing the initial mass and volume of the sample, putting the sample into an oven to be dried under a certain condition, weighing the dried mass, and calculating the density and the water content of the mucky soil; calculating the total mass of the mucky soil according to the density and the total volume of the mucky soil, and calculating the total water volume of the mucky soil according to the total mass and the water content of the mucky soil;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: calculating the water content of the mucky soil according to the mass difference between the sample before and after drying and the initial mass of the sample; calculating the density of the mucky soil according to the initial volume and the initial mass of the sample; and calculating the total volume of the mucky soil according to the plane area and the thickness of the mucky soil needing drainage treatment, and calculating the total mass of the mucky soil by combining the density of the mucky soil. Calculating the total water-containing volume of the mucky soil according to the total mass and the water content of the mucky soil;
s2, calculating the input amount of the drainage agent:
calculating the input amount of the drainage agent according to 1/(50-200) of the total water content of the mucky soil needing drainage treatment;
s3, spraying and stirring the drainage agent:
measuring a drainage agent according to the calculated result of the input amount, uniformly spraying the drainage agent on the surface of the mucky soil to be drained, and stirring to uniformly mix the mucky soil and the drainage agent;
the sulfonic compound in the water discharging agent is adsorbed on the surfaces of clay mineral particles in the mucky soil through electrostatic action, so that the clay mineral particles are agglomerated and agglutinated. Meanwhile, the sulfonic group is negatively charged after dissociation and is combined with metal cations in the clay mineral, so that the hydration of the clay mineral is weakened, the hydrophilicity is reduced, and the permeability and the drainage speed of mucky soil are improved;
and S4, performing drainage construction on the mucky soil mixed with the drainage agent.
Preferably, in the step S2, the amount of the drainage agent to be added is 1/100 of the total water content of the sludge soil subjected to the on-demand drainage treatment.
Preferably, in the step S4, the water in the muddy soil is discharged by a preloading method for heaping, a vacuum preloading method or a combined action of vacuum and heaping.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the preparation method is beneficial to reducing the hydrophilicity of clay minerals in the mucky soil and improving the permeability of the mucky soil by preparing the water discharging agent and mixing and reacting the water discharging agent with the mucky soil to be discharged, can be used for accelerating the operation time of water discharging and consolidation of the mucky soil through a preloading method and a vacuum preloading method, and obviously reduces the operation cost.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is given with reference to the specific examples, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto, and only by way of example.
The test methods or test methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are either commercially available from conventional sources or are prepared in conventional manners.
Example one
The raw materials of the drainage agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1: 2.5. The components of the cottonseed oil include palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is more than 98%.
A drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) preparing an accelerated drainage agent: measuring a certain volume of cottonseed oil into a reaction container at a constant temperature of 25 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume 2.5 times of that of the cottonseed oil into the cottonseed oil at the speed of 1ml/s, and continuously stirring for 3 hours to fully mix and react the cottonseed oil and the concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare the water discharging agent.
2) Measuring the total water volume of the mucky soil: collecting a part of mucky soil sample needing drainage treatment, weighing the initial mass and volume of the sample, putting the sample into an oven to be dried for 24 hours at 105 ℃, weighing the dried mass, and calculating the density and the water content of the mucky soil; calculating the total mass of the mucky soil according to the density and the total volume of the mucky soil, and calculating the total water volume of the mucky soil according to the total mass and the water content of the mucky soil;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and calculating the water content of the mucky soil according to the mass difference between the sample before and after drying and the initial mass of the sample. And calculating the density of the mucky soil according to the initial volume and the initial mass of the sample. And calculating the total volume of the mucky soil according to the plane area and the thickness of the mucky soil needing to be drained, and calculating the total mass of the mucky soil by combining the density of the mucky soil. Calculating the total water-containing volume of the mucky soil according to the total mass and the water content of the mucky soil;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the muddy soil sample used in this example was a cylinder having a bottom diameter of 15cm and a height of 15cm, a water content of 120%, and a density of 1.39g/cm 3 Total volume of 2650.7cm 3 The total mass was 1672.8g,the total aqueous volume was 2007.3cm 3 。
3) Calculating the input amount of the drainage agent: calculating the input amount of the drainage agent according to 1/100 of the total water content volume of the mucky soil needing drainage treatment;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the amount of the drainage agent used in the first embodiment was 20.1cm 3 。
4) Spraying and stirring the water discharging agent: measuring a drainage agent according to the calculated result of the input amount, uniformly spraying the drainage agent on the surface of the mucky soil to be drained, and stirring to uniformly mix the mucky soil and the drainage agent;
the sulfonic compound in the water discharging agent is adsorbed on the surfaces of clay mineral particles in the mucky soil through electrostatic action, so that the clay mineral particles are agglomerated and aggregated. Meanwhile, the sulfonic group is negatively charged after dissociation and is combined with metal cations in the clay minerals, so that the hydration of the clay minerals is weakened, and the hydrophilicity is reduced, thereby improving the permeability and the drainage speed of the mucky soil;
5) draining mucky soil: discharging water in the mucky soil by a preloading method, a vacuum preloading method or a combined action method of vacuum and preloading.
Example two
The raw materials of the drainage agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3. The components of the cottonseed oil include palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is more than 98%.
A drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) preparing an accelerated drainage agent: measuring a certain volume of cottonseed oil into a reaction container at a constant temperature of 25 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume 2.5 times of that of the cottonseed oil into the cottonseed oil at the speed of 1ml/s, and continuously stirring for 3 hours to fully mix and react the cottonseed oil and the concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare the water draining agent.
Step 2 to step 5 are the same as in the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
The raw materials of the drainage agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1: 3.5. The components of the cottonseed oil comprise palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is more than 98%.
A drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) preparing an accelerated drainage agent: measuring a certain volume of cottonseed oil into a reaction container at a constant temperature of 25 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume 3.5 times of that of the cottonseed oil into the cottonseed oil at the speed of 1ml/s, and continuously stirring for 3 hours to fully mix and react the cottonseed oil and the concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare the water draining agent.
Step 2 to step 5 are the same as in the first embodiment.
Example four
The raw materials of the drainage agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3. The components of the cottonseed oil include palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is more than 98%.
A drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof comprise the following steps:
steps 1, 2, 4 and 5 are the same as those in the above-mentioned examples.
3) Calculating the input amount of the drainage agent: calculating the input amount of the drainage agent according to 1/50 of the total water content volume of the mucky soil needing drainage treatment;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the amount of the drainage agent used in the fourth embodiment was 40.1cm 3 。
EXAMPLE five
The raw materials of the drainage agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3. The components of the cottonseed oil comprise palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is more than 98 percent.
A drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof comprise the following steps:
steps 1, 2, 4 and 5 are the same as in the above example.
3) Calculating the input amount of the drainage agent: calculating the input amount of the drainage agent according to 1/150 of the total water content volume of the mucky soil needing drainage treatment;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the amount of the drainage agent used in this example was 13.4cm 3 。
Example six
The raw materials of the drainage agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3. The components of the cottonseed oil include palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is more than 98 percent.
A drainage agent for accelerating drainage of mucky soil and a preparation and use method thereof comprise the following steps:
steps 1, 2, 4 and 5 are the same as those in the above-mentioned examples.
3) Calculating the input amount of the drainage agent: calculating the input amount of the drainage agent according to 1/200 of the total water content volume of the mucky soil needing drainage treatment;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the amount of the drainage agent used in the sixth embodiment was 10.0cm 3 。
Comparative example seven
Taking undisturbed mucky soil without treatment.
In order to verify the effect of the drainage agent for accelerating drainage of the mucky soil and the effect of the preparation and use methods of the drainage agent for accelerating drainage of the mucky soil on reducing the hydrophilicity of the mucky soil and accelerating the drainage consolidation process, a plasticity index test and a drainage consolidation test are carried out on the mucky soil treated by the first to sixth methods of the first to third embodiments and the mucky soil in the seventh original state of the first to seventh embodiments, and specific methods and results are as follows:
(1) and (3) testing the plasticity index: the treated mucky soils prepared in examples and comparative examples were used as test samples for testing the plasticity index in accordance with G β/T50123-1999 Standard test methods for soil engineering.
(2) Drainage consolidation test: the treated mucky soils prepared in examples and comparative examples were used as test samples for pressure drainage consolidation tests. The initial mass water content of the test sample is 120%, the initial shape of the sample is a cylinder with the bottom surface diameter of 15cm and the height of 15cm, the vertical pressure of 100kPa is applied and maintained on the top surface of the sample, and the time for the drainage consolidation of the sample to be stable and the final sedimentation amount of the top surface of the sample are tested.
Table 1: test results of the above examples on treating mucky soil
The test results of the first, second, third and seventh examples show that the plasticity index of the mucky soil sample treated by the drainage agent for the accelerated drainage of the mucky soil and the preparation and use methods thereof is reduced by 34.5-38.3%, which indicates that the hydrophilicity of the mucky soil is obviously reduced. The consolidation time of the mucky soil sample is obviously reduced under the action of the accelerated drainage agent, and the drainage speed is increased to 56.3-64.7%. The settlement of the top surface of the sample is increased by 2.9-4.3%, which shows that the consolidation effect of the mucky soil after treatment is better.
The comparison of the test results of the fourth, fifth and sixth examples with the test result of the second example shows that when the muddy soil is treated by using the drainage agent for accelerating drainage of the muddy soil, the optimal treatment effect is achieved when the ratio of the input amount of the drainage agent to the total water volume in the muddy soil is 1:100 by volume.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A water discharging agent for accelerating the water discharging of mucky soil is characterized in that: the raw materials of the drainage agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1 (2.5-3.5).
2. The drainage agent for accelerated drainage of mucky soil according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials of the water discharging agent comprise cottonseed oil and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3.
3. The drainage agent for accelerated drainage of mucky soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the components of the cottonseed oil comprise palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid.
4. The drainage agent for accelerated drainage of mucky soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is more than 98%.
5. A method for producing the drainage agent for accelerated drainage of muddy soil as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said production method comprises:
measuring a certain volume of cottonseed oil into a reaction vessel in a constant temperature environment of 25 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume being 2.5-3.5 times that of the cottonseed oil into the cottonseed oil, and simultaneously continuously stirring for a period of time to fully mix and react the cottonseed oil and the concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare the water discharging agent.
6. A method of using the drainage agent for accelerated drainage of muddy soil as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said method of using comprises:
s1, measuring the total water content volume of the mucky soil: collecting a part of mucky soil sample to be drained, weighing the initial mass and volume of the sample, putting the sample into an oven to be dried under certain conditions, weighing the dried mass, and calculating the density and the water content of the mucky soil; calculating the total mass of the mucky soil according to the density and the total volume of the mucky soil, and calculating the total water content volume of the mucky soil according to the total mass and the water content of the mucky soil;
s2, calculating the input amount of the drainage agent: calculating the input amount of the drainage agent according to 1/(50-200) of the total water content volume of the mucky soil needing drainage treatment;
s3, spraying and stirring the drainage agent: measuring a water discharging agent according to the calculated result of the input amount, uniformly spraying the water discharging agent on the surface of the mucky soil to be subjected to water discharging treatment, and stirring to uniformly mix the mucky soil and the water discharging agent;
and S4, performing drainage construction on the mucky soil mixed with the drainage agent.
7. The use of the drainage agent for accelerated drainage of mucky soil according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S2, the amount of the drainage agent to be added is 1/100 of the total water content of the sludge soil subjected to the drainage as required.
8. The use of the drainage agent for accelerated drainage of mucky soil according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S4, the water in the mucky soil is discharged by a preloading method, a vacuum preloading method or a combined action method of vacuum and preloading.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4941924A (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1990-07-17 | Chemical Soil Stabilization Technology, Inc. | Chemical soil stabilization |
| CN101684409A (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2010-03-31 | 孙建国 | Soil chemical stabilizer formula and application |
| CN101792671A (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-08-04 | 江汉大学 | Soil curing agent containing sulfonating animal and vegetable oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106753413A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 刘贵彬 | Using processing feedstuff with stalks sugar and the method for saline-alkali soil modifying agent |
| CN108707460A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-10-26 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of soil-solidified-agent and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-09-17 CN CN202111091359.0A patent/CN113802539B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4941924A (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1990-07-17 | Chemical Soil Stabilization Technology, Inc. | Chemical soil stabilization |
| CN101684409A (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2010-03-31 | 孙建国 | Soil chemical stabilizer formula and application |
| CN101792671A (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-08-04 | 江汉大学 | Soil curing agent containing sulfonating animal and vegetable oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106753413A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 刘贵彬 | Using processing feedstuff with stalks sugar and the method for saline-alkali soil modifying agent |
| CN108707460A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-10-26 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of soil-solidified-agent and preparation method thereof |
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