CN113802418A

CN113802418A - Construction method of ballastless track

Info

Publication number: CN113802418A
Application number: CN202110960201.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘兵; 张维明; 张墨建; 李东梅; 张长亮; 赵可; 陈佳佳; 匡龙; 杨旺; 赵浩
Original assignee: First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-20
Filing date: 2021-08-20
Publication date: 2021-12-17

Abstract

The application discloses a construction method of a ballastless track, which comprises the steps of paving a base reinforcing mesh on a route to be constructed, and installing a base template on the base reinforcing mesh; then pouring concrete on the base template to form base plate concrete, and paving a geotextile isolation layer and an elastic cushion layer on the base plate concrete; finally, laying a track plate on the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer, installing a self-compacting concrete template on the track plate and pouring concrete; by formulating a standardized construction operation flow, the ballastless track meeting the running requirements of the train can be constructed, and the construction efficiency can be improved by utilizing the standardized flow, so that the construction progress is accelerated.

Description

Construction method of ballastless track

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a construction method of a ballastless track.

Background

Ballastless track (Ballastless track) refers to a track structure that uses an integral foundation such as concrete and asphalt mixture to replace a loose gravel road bed, and is also called Ballastless track. Compared with a ballast track, the ballastless track avoids the splashing of the ballast, has good smoothness, good stability, long service life, good durability, less maintenance work and high train running speed of more than 350 kilometers.

However, the construction of the ballastless track is complex, the requirement on the construction precision is high, and the unreasonable construction process can hardly meet the requirement on the running of the train, so that a ballastless track construction process capable of meeting the requirement on the running of the train is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is proposed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The embodiment of the application provides a construction method of a ballastless track, and solves the problems of high construction difficulty and high precision requirement of the ballastless track.

The application provides a construction method of a ballastless track, which comprises the following steps: paving a base reinforcing mesh on a to-be-constructed route; installing a base template on the base steel bar net; the base template is formed by splicing a plurality of templates; pouring concrete on the base template to form base plate concrete; paving a geotextile isolation layer and an elastic cushion layer on the base plate concrete; paving a track plate on the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer; and installing a self-compacting concrete template on the track slab and pouring concrete.

In one embodiment, the installing the base form on the base rebar grid comprises: polishing and cleaning the base template, and brushing a release agent to obtain a treated base template; calculating the installation position of the processed base template according to the plane size of the base reinforcing mesh; installing the processed base template at the installation location; and fixing the installed base template.

In one embodiment, the installing the base form on the base rebar grid comprises: installing the base template on the base steel bar net by adopting a high-modulus low-construction method; and injecting foaming glue into the gap at the bottom of the base template from inside to outside for plugging.

In one embodiment, the pouring concrete on the base form to form base slab concrete includes: sprinkling water on the base template for pre-wetting; pouring concrete on the base template; carrying out face-closing and flattening operation on the concrete on the base template; and carrying out watering maintenance on the concrete in a preset period.

In one embodiment, the casting of concrete on the base form includes: and when the expansion joints of the base plate are sequentially poured, symmetrically pouring on two sides is adopted.

In an embodiment, after the pouring concrete on the base formwork to form base slab concrete, the ballastless track construction method further includes: cutting a deep seam on the top and the side of the foam board between the bases by a cutting machine; cleaning up sundries in the deep seam; coating an interface agent on the top surface and the side surface of the deep seam; and continuously injecting caulking materials into the deep seam by using a glue gun, and leveling by using a scraper.

In one embodiment, the laying of the geotextile barrier layer and the elastic cushion layer on the base plate concrete comprises: after the strength of the base plate concrete reaches a preset strength, paving the geotextile isolation layer on the base plate concrete; and embedding the elastic cushion layer in the foam board at the position of the expansion joint, and fixing the elastic cushion layer around the inner groove of the foam board by adopting an adhesive.

In one embodiment, the laying of the track slab on the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic buffer layer comprises: carrying out rough laying operation on the track slab by taking the track slab contour line released from the geotextile isolation layer as a control line; measuring the laying difference of the track slab; when the laying difference is larger than a preset difference threshold value, finely adjusting the position of the track slab; and locking the precisely adjusted track slab.

In an embodiment, before the base reinforcing mesh is laid on the route to be constructed, the ballastless track construction method further includes: adopting a chiseling machine to perform chiseling operation back and forth in sequence along the direction of the line to be constructed; and pre-burying a shear rib in the sleeve; wherein, it includes to wait to lay base reinforcing bar net on the construction route: and paving the base reinforcing mesh on the route to be constructed, and binding and connecting the base reinforcing mesh with the shear rib.

In an embodiment, after the self-compacting concrete form is installed on the track slab and concrete is poured, the ballastless track construction method further includes: and retesting the track slab.

According to the construction method of the ballastless track, the base steel bar net is laid on the route to be constructed, and the base template is installed on the base steel bar net; then pouring concrete on the base template to form base plate concrete, and paving a geotextile isolation layer and an elastic cushion layer on the base plate concrete; finally, laying a track plate on the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer, installing a self-compacting concrete template on the track plate and pouring concrete; by formulating a standardized construction operation flow, the ballastless track meeting the running requirements of the train can be constructed, and the construction efficiency can be improved by utilizing the standardized flow, so that the construction progress is accelerated.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in more detail embodiments of the present application with reference to the attached drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings, like reference numbers generally represent like parts or steps.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for installing a base template according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for installing a base template according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a track slab laying method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of an electronic device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, example embodiments according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments of the present application, and that the present application is not limited by the example embodiments described herein.

The ballastless track in this application comprises parts such as rail, elastic fastener, track board, self-compaction concrete layer, isolation layer and base.

The track slab is a bidirectional pretensioning prestressed concrete structure with a shoulder, the concrete strength grade is C60, the width of the track slab is 2500mm, the thickness of the track slab is 200mm, the length of the standard track slab is 5600mm, 4925mm and 4856mm, and the length of the special-shaped slab is 6500 mm.

The self-compacting concrete layer is of a unit structure, and the length and the width of the self-compacting concrete layer are the same as those of the track slab and the thickness of the self-compacting concrete layer is 90 mm. A single-layer CRB600H grade cold-rolled ribbed steel bar welding mesh is prepared by adopting self-compacting concrete with the strength grade of C40. Each track plate is provided with two bosses (three bosses are arranged at the reinforcing part of the beam end) corresponding to the self-compacting concrete layer, and the bosses correspond to the grooves arranged on the base plate. Self-compaction concrete layer sets up spacing fender platform, and the base corresponds spacing fender platform position and sets up the recess, keeps off platform, recess through spacing and carries out the track spacing. The limiting blocking platform is in a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape in the height direction, the inclination angle is 10:1, the arrangement of the roadbed and the bridge section is the same, the sizes of the upper surface and the lower surface of the limiting blocking platform are 1020mm multiplied by 720mm, 1000mm multiplied by 700mm, and the height of the limiting blocking platform is 100 mm. The periphery of the limit stop table is provided with an elastic cushion plate and a foam isolation material, the longitudinal dimension is 600 multiplied by 60 multiplied by 8mm, and the transverse dimension of the line is 900 multiplied by 60 multiplied by 8 mm.

The base is reinforced concrete structure, adopts the unit construction, and road bed section concrete strength grade is C40, and bridge section concrete strength grade is C40. A double-layer CRB 600H-grade cold-rolled ribbed steel bar welding net is arranged in the base. The base corresponds self-compaction concrete boss position and sets up the recess. Wherein, the roadbed section base width is 3100mm, and straight line section base thickness is 300mm, and the curve section is confirmed according to concrete superelevation. In general, every 3 track boards in the section correspond to the base to form a unit; the individual 2 panels of the section are one unit corresponding to the base. Expansion joints with the width of 20mm are arranged between adjacent base units, dowel bars are arranged at the expansion joints and filled with polyethylene foam plastic plates, and the top surface and the two side surfaces are sealed by silicone sealant with the thickness of 20 mm. The width of the base of the bridge section is 2900mm, the thickness of the base of the straight line section is 200mm, and the curved section is determined according to the specific height. The lower base of each track slab is a unit, expansion joints with the width of 20mm are arranged between adjacent base units, polyethylene foam plastic boards are filled at the expansion joints, and the top surface and the two side surfaces are sealed by silicone sealant with the thickness of 20 mm.

A geotextile isolating layer with the thickness of 4mm is arranged between the self-compacting concrete layer and the base (the bottom surface of the groove). Except the peripheral side walls of the limit blocking platform, the isolation layer is covered with a self-compacting concrete layer. The width of the geotextile isolating layer is 2.6 m. And cutting off the isolation layer part around the wide self-compacting concrete layer after the self-compacting concrete layer is demolded. Except the groove of the base, the isolating layer in the range of the self-compacting concrete layer below each track plate is arranged according to a whole block.

In order to meet the requirement of train telling operation, the ballastless track requires track gauge precision of +/-1 mm, high and low precision of 2mm, horizontal precision of 2mm and distortion deviation within 2 mm. The following describes the specific steps of the construction method of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings to meet the above requirements.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the construction method of the ballastless track includes:

step 100: and paving a base reinforcing mesh on the route to be constructed.

The base reinforcing mesh is a cold-rolled ribbed reinforcing welded mesh, and the lower cushion is covered before storage and use to prevent rusting. The reinforcing bar net piece can be by two-layer about two-layer constitution, during the construction, and concrete cushion is placed according to 35mm reinforcing bar protective layer thickness in general district, welds the order of net, upper strata welding net, U-shaped frame grudging post according to the bottom and installs in proper order in order to form base reinforcing bar net structure. For the curved ultrahigh section, an outer rail lifting mode is adopted, namely the heights of the U-shaped ribs and the erection ribs are linearly changed in the section of the gentle curve to complete connection and transition so as to form a base steel bar mesh structure. The groove structural steel bars and the upper and lower layers of CRB600H anti-cracking steel bars at the four corners are manufactured by an on-site steel bar processing field and are connected and fixed with the welding net.

When the base level elevation error is large, the height of the U-shaped frame stud needs to be adjusted, the requirement of the thickness of the top layer steel bar protective layer is met, and concrete cracking caused by overlarge protective layer is prevented. Enough cushion blocks are arranged on site (not less than 4/m)²) The binding of the steel bar framework is firm and regular, and the binding head inclines to the inner side during binding.

Step 200: installing a base template on the base steel bar net; wherein, the base template is formed by splicing a plurality of templates.

The construction adopts a high-formwork low-building method, and the formwork is 5cm higher than the top surface of the base plate concrete; in order to realize that the template can satisfy the construction requirements of different ultrahigh sections, an adjustable template can be adopted. The multiple modules are connected by bolts, the joints are tight, and slurry leakage cannot occur; must be polished clean and flat in advance, and is preferably coated with a release agent. The specific template structure is as follows:

lateral template: the number and combination of the side forms of the base are comprehensively determined according to the distribution of the combination lines and the bridges, and the minimum length is required to meet the length of a corresponding track slab; the template is made of a steel plate made of Q235 and above materials, and the thickness of the steel plate is 6 mm.

End template: the template between the expansion joints of the base is manufactured according to specific construction requirements, but the requirements of the strength, rigidity, stability and straightness of the template are ensured; the transverse formwork between the bridge deck expansion joints is provided with a locking device to avoid deformation during pouring.

Limiting the groove template: the device is suitable for being fixedly connected with a side mold in a positioning way, and has the functions of adjusting and fixing the angles of elevation and curve sections; the template is made of a steel plate made of Q235 and above materials, and the thickness of the steel plate is 6 mm; the limiting groove template is provided with chamfers according to design requirements, strength and rigidity meet requirements, and firm installation is ensured.

Supporting the template: the road and bridge section formwork support is preferably an adjustable triangular support.

Step 300: and pouring concrete on the base template to form base plate concrete.

And after the base template is installed, pouring concrete on the base template to form base plate concrete. In one embodiment, casting concrete on the base form comprises: and when the expansion joints of the base plate are sequentially poured, symmetrically pouring on two sides is adopted. And (3) sequentially pouring concrete from one side, and when pouring the concrete to the position of the expansion joint of the base plate, adopting a bilateral symmetry pouring method. The concrete is vibrated along with pouring, the vibration is carried out in a quincuncial manner by adopting a phi 50 inserted vibrating rod, and the mark of the dense vibration of the concrete is that the surface of the concrete is full of slurry, does not obviously sink and has no bubbles. Direct impact on the template and the steel bar is avoided in the concrete pouring process, and meanwhile, the limiting groove is not subjected to leakage vibration or excessive vibration.

Step 400: and laying a geotextile isolation layer and an elastic cushion layer on the base plate concrete.

In an embodiment, the specific implementation manner of step 400 is: after base plate concrete intensity reached to predetermine intensity, lay geotechnological cloth isolation layer on base plate concrete to at the embedded elastic cushion layer of establishing of cystosepiment of expansion joint position, and adopt the fixed elastic cushion layer of adhesive around the cystosepiment inner groovy.

And after the strength of the base concrete reaches 75% of the design strength, carrying out geotextile isolation and elastic cushion layer construction. Specifically, at first lay whole geotechnological cloth at base plate top surface, the size is wide 2.6m x thick 4mm, and both sides align with the sideline of lofting, length and base both ends expansion joint border parallel and level. After the earthwork cloth is laid and laid flat, holes with the size consistent with that of the openings of the upper openings of the grooves are cut by a knife along the positions of the limiting grooves, and the cut earthwork cloth is used for laying the bottom surfaces of the grooves. The geotextile in each base plate is continuously laid, and the geotextile of the isolation layer under the track plate is not allowed to be lapped and sewed. The laying is carried out by pressing the square tube, so that the geotextile is closely attached to the surface of the base, the surface has no folds and damage, and the edge has no upwarp and hollowing. The elastic buffer backing plate is embedded into the foam plate and fixed around the groove by adopting an adhesive, and when the elastic buffer backing plate is pasted, the elastic buffer backing plate is ensured to be level and close to the surface around the groove. And sealing the interface of the isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer and the joint of the elastic cushion layer by using an adhesive tape.

Step 500: and paving a track plate on the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer.

The track slab laying requirements of the ballastless track comprise: no visible cracks are allowed on the track slab; the length of the surface defects (air holes, sticky skins, pitted surfaces and the like) of the bearing rail table part is less than or equal to 10mm, and the depth is less than or equal to 2 mm; the surface of the anchor recess part is not allowed to have defects of air holes, sticky skin, pitted surface and the like; the length of the surface defects (air holes, sticky skin, pitted surface and the like) at other parts is less than or equal to 30mm, and the depth is less than or equal to 3 mm; the lengths of the edge angles and the drop angles around the track slab are less than or equal to 50mm, and the depth is less than or equal to 15 mm; concrete silts are not allowed to exist in the embedded sleeve; exposed ribs are not allowed on the track slab; the outer edge of the rail bearing platform is not allowed to be lower than the surface of the rail plate; the bottom of the track plate does not allow floating slurry.

Step 600: and installing a self-compacting concrete template on the track slab and pouring concrete.

The self-compacting concrete construction process adopts a four-corner exhaust mode, considers the position of a fine adjuster at a certain point and optimizes the template design in construction. The panel of the self-compacting concrete template adopts a Q235 steel plate with the thickness of 140mm multiplied by 6mm, and the rib plate adopts flat steel with the thickness of 8 mm; the self-compacting concrete pouring template corresponding to each track slab comprises 2 side templates, 2 end templates and 4 four corner templates, and the side templates of the track slabs with different models are adjustable; the four corners of the template are provided with diversion trench devices, and the diversion trenches are 5cm higher than the self-compacting template; the template at the four corners of the plugboard is required to be freely inserted and pulled out and closely attached to a seam, a doorsill is required to be arranged below the plugboard, and the plugboard is reinforced to ensure that the plugboard is not deformed after being repeatedly used. Each set of self-compacting concrete template consists of 12 blocks in total, namely 4 corner templates, 2 end templates, 2 middle templates and 4 slurry blocking inserting plates. The inner side of the template cloth is pasted with the air-permeable template cloth when the template is supported, and the air-permeable template cloth can be used repeatedly, and is generally used for 2-3 times. The template is fixed and is tightly propped by a bolt at the pressing device.

At least 4 to 5 pressing devices are arranged on each track plate. The bottom of the fixed pressing device adopts embedded pipes on the base of the track slab to be internally provided with steel bars, and each track slab of the curve section is at least provided with 3 anti-lateral moving devices. The track slab is ensured not to float and displace when the self-compacting concrete is poured. When the base is constructed, the PVC pipe is pre-buried on the side face in advance and is connected and fixed with the bottom layer welding net. Cleaning the hole opening, inserting the anchoring reinforcing steel bar, and exposing the reinforcing steel bar for 5-10 cm. The bolt fastening of the pressing device adopts a torque wrench to check the torque, and the torque is 65 N.m.

The transportation volume of the concrete in each vehicle is comprehensively considered according to the distance, the road smoothness, the field pouring capacity and the like in the actual construction process of the self-compacting concrete. In order to reduce the expansion loss of the self-compacting concrete, the transportation time is within 30min, and the concrete quantity of each truck is mixed according to 4 plates (6 m)³) (ii) a The transportation time is within 30-60 min, and the concrete quantity of each truck is mixed according to 3 plates (4.5 m)³) (ii) a The transportation time is more than 60min, and the concrete quantity per car is mixed according to 2 plates (3 m)³)。

Before pouring concrete, the performance of the mixture such as the temperature, the slump expansion degree, the expansion time T500, the air content, the bleeding condition and the like of the self-compacting concrete must be detected, and the self-compacting concrete can be poured after meeting the standard requirements. The temperature of the template and the temperature in the cavity are measured to be not more than 40 ℃ at the same time. The big hopper is directly put into to the adoption tank car, changes over into the little fill of transition with the crane hoist hopper and goes into the mould, "three holes" department lays geotechnological cloth, pollutes the track board when preventing to fill, fills the in-process, and big hopper department unloading personnel should pay close attention to the control concrete unloading condition, fills the little fill and sets up special person and observe the concrete flow condition and pour the height, finds big hopper unloading speed too fast or when too slow, in time informs above that operating personnel passes through butterfly valve adjustment unloading speed.

When the diversion trenches are filled with concrete in the four-corner exhaust holes and the aggregate of the discharged concrete is uniform, the slurry blocking insertion plate can be closed. And after one plate is filled, moving to the next track plate for filling. Meanwhile, the excess concrete in the small pouring hopper is removed in time by a specially-assigned person for later use in pouring. In the self-compacting concrete pouring process, the reading of each dial indicator is observed and recorded in time so as to determine the floating value of the track slab and ensure that the floating value meets the design requirements. The hard blanking pipe at the pouring hole and the hard anti-overflow pipe at the observation hole on the track slab cannot be removed within 3 hours after the self-compacting concrete pouring is finished.

And (3) curing the self-compacting concrete with a mold for not less than 3 days after the self-compacting concrete is poured, and coating a curing liquid for curing after the mold is removed, wherein the curing time is not less than 14 days. The fine adjustment support loosens after the self-compacting concrete is initially set, and the buckling and pressing device loosens completely after the concrete is poured for 24 hours. The compacting device and the lateral movement prevention fixing device can be removed after the self-compacting concrete is finally set. When the strength of the self-compacting concrete reaches more than 10MPa and the surface and edges are not damaged due to form removal, the edge sealing formworks can be removed, and the formwork at four corners of the track slab can be removed. The form removal is preferably carried out in reverse direction according to the form standing sequence, and concrete around the track slab cannot be damaged. After the self-compacting concrete reaches 100% of the design strength, the track slab can bear all the design load.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for installing a base template according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, step 200 may include:

step 210: and polishing and cleaning the base template, and brushing a release agent to obtain the treated base template.

The base template is spliced by 4 templates, and before installation and installation, the templates are firstly polished and cleaned and coated with a release agent.

Step 220: and calculating the mounting position of the processed base template according to the plane size of the base reinforcing mesh.

According to the base plane measuring position snapping line erecting template, the base elevation is measured, double faced adhesive tape marks are pasted on the inner surfaces of the side template and the end template according to the 50cm distance, and the base surface elevation and the flatness are controlled to meet the requirements.

Step 230: and installing the processed base template at the installation position.

And installing the base template on the base reinforcing steel bar net by adopting a high-template low-construction method.

Step 240: and fixing the installed base template.

The template is fixed by arranging anchoring steel bars on a base surface, and the adjustable triangular supports are arranged to be fixed firmly. And gaps at the bottom of the base template are blocked by adopting foaming glue, the foaming glue is injected from inside to outside, and the excessive parts are cut off orderly along the template surface. Two limiting grooves are arranged in the range of the base plate corresponding to each track plate, the size of the upper opening of each limiting groove is 720mm multiplied by 1020mm, and the limiting groove template is an integral shaping steel die and is placed at the fixed position of the base unit and is connected with the side die stably. And the expansion joint is constructed by clamping the polyethylene foam plate at the upper part of the transverse template.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for installing a base template according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the step 300 may include:

step 310: and sprinkling water on the base template for pre-wetting.

Before pouring the concrete of the base, spraying water on the base surface for pre-wetting.

Step 320: and pouring concrete on the base template.

The concrete is intensively mixed and supplied by a mixing station, and the concrete is transported to a pump truck for pumping and warehousing. And (3) sequentially pouring concrete from one side, and when pouring the concrete to the position of the expansion joint of the base plate, adopting a bilateral symmetry pouring method. The concrete is vibrated along with pouring, the vibration is carried out in a quincuncial manner by adopting a phi 50 inserted vibrating rod, and the mark of the dense vibration of the concrete is that the surface of the concrete is full of slurry, does not obviously sink and has no bubbles. Direct impact on the template and the steel bar is avoided in the concrete pouring process, and meanwhile, the limiting groove is not subjected to leakage vibration or excessive vibration.

Step 330: and (5) performing surface folding and flattening operation on the concrete on the base template.

And (4) arranging 6% transverse drainage slopes 25cm on two sides of the base plate, collecting the surface, and performing press polishing by using a special trowel. The top surface of the base is firstly subjected to primary and secondary face collection by adopting a 2.7 m-length scraping bar, and is subjected to tertiary face collection and flattening before initial setting of concrete. The calendering times of the drainage slope surface are not less than 4 times, and the flattening times of the top surface of the base are not less than 3 times.

And (4) removing the template, wherein the limiting groove template is removed after the concrete is initially set. After the groove template is dismantled, manually plastering, and press polishing the top surface of the limiting groove. When the strength of concrete of the side mold reaches more than 10MPa and the surface and edges of the side mold are not damaged by mold removal, the mold is removed. When the groove template is dismantled, the residual ash on the edge of the groove template is cleaned, and then two persons hold two corners of the groove and synchronously lift the groove vertically.

Step 340: and (5) performing watering maintenance on the concrete in a preset period.

The surface of the base is covered with a layer of geotextile, a water tank is arranged on the site, a specially-assigned person is responsible for watering and curing, the curing time is not less than 14 days, and various vehicles are strictly prohibited from passing on the base before the concrete reaches 100% of the design strength.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, after step 300, the ballastless track construction method may further include:

step 700: and respectively cutting a deep seam on the top and the side of the foam board between the bases by a cutting machine.

Before caulking, adhesive tapes are pasted on two sides of the caulking joint, so that firstly, caulking materials are prevented from polluting the surface of a base, and secondly, the linear smoothness and the straightness of a caulking adhesive surface are kept. And cutting seams with the depths of 2cm and 4cm on the top and the side surfaces of the polyethylene foam board between the bases by a special cutting machine.

Step 800: and cleaning up sundries in the deep seam.

And (5) blowing sundries in the clean seams by using a fan.

Step 900: and coating the interface agent on the top surface and the side surface of the deep seam.

And manually and uniformly brushing the interface agent on the top surface and the side surface of the caulking.

Step 1000: and continuously injecting caulking materials into the deep seam by using a glue gun, and leveling by using a scraper.

And continuously injecting caulking materials by using a glue gun, and leveling by using a scraper. The caulking compound injection is performed continuously. The caulking glue is firm, compact and full in adhesion, has no bubbles on the surface and is linearly arranged.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a track slab laying method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, the step 500 may include:

step 510: and (4) carrying out rough paving operation on the track slab by taking the track slab contour line released from the geotextile isolation layer as a control line.

Before the track board is spread crudely, accomplish recess reinforcing bar and the installation of individual layer self-compaction concrete steel bar net, connect fixedly to the two, when preventing self-compaction concrete at the back and pouring into, the reinforcing bar net appears removing. And releasing the position sideline of the track slab, and placing the temporary support batten used by the track slab near the hoisting hole.

Step 520: and measuring the laying difference of the track slabs.

Firstly, inserting matched observation prisms into 2 pairs of 8 CP III point sleeves respectively at the front side and the rear side of a measuring section line, erecting a total station on a track plate in the advancing direction of measurement, wherein the center of the total station is as close to the central line of the track plate as possible, and allowing the total station to respectively aim at least 6 CP III prisms for station establishment with the station establishment precision of 0.7 mm. And 3, the other 3 standard frames are calibrated by using the standard frames before fine adjustment, so that the requirement of 1mm precision is met.

The fine adjustment frame adopts a pre-embedded sleeve positioning structure form of a fastener and adopts fine adjustment processing software matched with the fine adjustment frame. In inserting 1 number, 6 numbers and 2 numbers, 5 numbers mark frame before the fine tuning and placing the fastener pre-buried cover pipe of waiting to adjust the inside 2 nd bearing rail platform of track slab end, place 3 numbers, 4 numbers mark frame in the preceding track slab that has adjusted in place on the inside 2 nd bearing rail platform of number. In the measuring process, the distance between the position of the total station and the No. 1 mark frame is controlled within the range of 6-40 m, and the station needs to be newly set when the distance exceeds the range.

And after the total station is set, firstly adjusting the horizontal position and then adjusting the elevation. 1 operator is respectively configured on each of the 4 fine adjustment supports, and during operation, a measurement engineer sends an instruction to an operator of the fine adjustment claw according to measurement display data, and the position of the track slab is adjusted through three-dimensional movement of the fine adjustment claw. When the elevation is adjusted, the stress of a single support is avoided, and when the level is adjusted, the left side and the right side of the support are adjusted in the same direction. The position can be adjusted for 2-3 times in a normal state.

Step 530: and when the laying difference is larger than a preset difference threshold value, finely adjusting the position of the track slab.

After the track slab is hoisted by the slab-laying gantry crane or the crane, the longitudinal steel bars of the gate-shaped ribs at the bottom of the slab are penetrated, and the insulation of the gate-shaped ribs is prevented from being damaged during installation. When the slab is in place, the track slab contour line released from the geotextile is used as a control line to ensure that the transverse direction of the track slab is not greater than 1/2 of the transverse range adjustment of the fine adjustment bracket during coarse laying, and the longitudinal deviation is not greater than 10 mm. The longitudinal position is controlled by adopting a square batten slightly smaller than the designed board seam size (the side length is 65mm), and the track board is manually controlled to be tightly attached to the batten to fall when the track board is in place. And installing a fine adjustment claw, lifting the track plate by adjusting vertical displacement, and withdrawing the temporary cushion block. According to the track slab line-snapping position, the fine tuning claw is adopted to roughly adjust the position of the track slab, so that the fine tuning time is saved.

If the continuous operation of the precisely adjusted track slab is continued, the lapping and rechecking measurement is carried out on the previous track slab, the relative height difference of the top surfaces of the track bearing platforms at the joint of the adjacent slabs is not more than 0.5mm, and then the next track slab is precisely adjusted. In the fine adjustment process, a horizontal guiding rule is adopted to recheck the track slab after the fine adjustment, the height difference clearance at the end of the slab is measured, and the next track slab can be finely adjusted if the height difference is less than 1 mm.

Step 540: and locking the finely adjusted track slab.

And after the fine adjustment of each plate is finished, locking by adopting a pressing locking device. And setting the standard that each track plate is not less than 5 and the curve sideslip prevention device is not less than 3. The pressing device is fixed on the side face position of the concrete base and fixed with the embedded holes in the side face of the base through steel bars, and the track slab is prevented from floating upwards when being poured.

And after the pressing device is locked, fine adjustment measurement is carried out again, if the deviation meets the tolerance requirement, data can be stored, if the deviation exceeds the tolerance, the pressing device is loosened to adjust an over-limit point until the pressing device is qualified in fine measurement, and the station can be moved after the data is stored.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, before step 100, the ballastless track construction method may further include:

step 1100: and adopting a chiseling machine to perform chiseling operation back and forth in sequence along the direction of the line to be constructed.

And the manual hand-held chiseling machine is adopted to perform back and forth in sequence along the direction of a line, and the chiseling range is within 2.7m of the central line of the track of the bridge section. The specific requirements are as follows: the large surface is flat and has no scum, the roughening depth is 1.8-2.2mm, the lines are clear, uniform and neat, and after roughening, concrete fragments, floating ballast, dust and the like are washed clean by a high-pressure water gun and a steel wire brush.

Step 1200: and a shear rib is embedded in the sleeve.

The shear bar is made by the diameter for 16mmHRB400 reinforcing bar and forms, and the simple beam work progress is pre-buried with the sleeve, during the bed plate construction with the shear bar in pre-buried muffjoint, with bed plate reinforcing bar net piece ligature connection.

Correspondingly, step 100 is adjusted to: and laying a base reinforcing mesh on the route to be constructed, and binding and connecting the base reinforcing mesh with the shear bars.

The post-planting reinforcing steel bars are adopted to supplement damage conditions of pre-buried sleeves of bridge, tunnel and sheet pile sections, and the number, position and condition of the connecting reinforcing steel bars are guaranteed to meet design requirements. Reliable measures are taken to prevent the bridge, the tunnel, the sheet pile structure and the steel bars from being damaged when the steel bars are planted.

The construction method comprises the following steps: drilling holes with the depth of 234mm near the embedded steel bar connecting steel bar by adopting an electric drill to avoid drilling holes on the steel bar, wherein the holes are vertical to the line direction; cleaning holes, namely performing a three-blowing and three-brushing process by using a blowing cylinder and a brush to ensure that no dust exists in the holes; injecting glue, namely injecting the bar planting glue into the hole, wherein the glue injection amount is 2/3 of the hole volume; after the glue injection is finished, the implant is implanted in a continuous rotating mode

Hot rolling the ribbed steel bar, wherein the implantation depth of the steel bar is 210 mm; and after the anchoring agent is completely solidified, the upper structure construction is carried out, the uplift resistance of the planted bars is not less than 65KN, the steel bars cannot be touched or impacted before the upper structure construction is finished, and the bars are planted again if the arrangement of the steel bars is influenced by the loosening or inclination of the embedded steel bars.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of a ballastless track according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, after step 600, the ballastless track construction method may further include:

step 1300: and retesting the track slab.

After the track slab is finely adjusted, the position accuracy of the track slab may be disturbed after the procedures of edge sealing, plate pressing, pouring and the like, and the position accuracy of the track slab should be retested. The allowable deviation of the position of the track slab after the self-compacting concrete is poured meets the following regulation:

TABLE 1 Fine positioning tolerance for track slab laying

Next, an electronic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is described with reference to fig. 8. The electronic device may be either or both of the first device and the second device, or a stand-alone device separate from them, which stand-alone device may communicate with the first device and the second device to receive the acquired input signals therefrom.

FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 8, the electronic device 10 includes one or more processors 11 and memory 12.

The processor 11 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 10 to perform desired functions.

Memory 12 may include one or more computer program products that may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, Random Access Memory (RAM), cache memory (cache), and/or the like. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer readable storage medium, and the processor 11 may execute the program instructions to implement the ballastless track construction method of the embodiments of the present application described above and/or other desired functions. Various contents such as an input signal, a signal component, a noise component, etc. may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

In one example, the electronic device 10 may further include: an input device 13 and an output device 14, which are interconnected by a bus system and/or other form of connection mechanism (not shown).

When the electronic device is a stand-alone device, the input means 13 may be a communication network connector for receiving the acquired input signals from the first device and the second device.

The input device 13 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.

The output device 14 may output various information including the determined distance information, direction information, and the like to the outside. The output devices 14 may include, for example, a display, speakers, a printer, and a communication network and its connected remote output devices, among others.

Of course, for simplicity, only some of the components of the electronic device 10 relevant to the present application are shown in fig. 8, and components such as buses, input/output interfaces, and the like are omitted. In addition, the electronic device 10 may include any other suitable components depending on the particular application.

The computer program product may be written with program code for performing the operations of embodiments of the present application in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server.

The computer-readable storage medium may take any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may include, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A construction method of a ballastless track is characterized by comprising the following steps:

paving a base reinforcing mesh on a to-be-constructed route;

installing a base template on the base steel bar net; the base template is formed by splicing a plurality of templates;

pouring concrete on the base template to form base plate concrete;

paving a geotextile isolation layer and an elastic cushion layer on the base plate concrete;

paving a track plate on the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer; and

and installing a self-compacting concrete template on the track slab and pouring concrete.

2. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein the installing of the base formwork on the base reinforcing mesh comprises:

polishing and cleaning the base template, and brushing a release agent to obtain a treated base template;

calculating the installation position of the processed base template according to the plane size of the base reinforcing mesh;

installing the processed base template at the installation location; and

and fixing the installed base template.

3. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein the installing of the base formwork on the base reinforcing mesh comprises:

installing the base template on the base steel bar net by adopting a high-modulus low-construction method; and

and injecting foaming glue into the gap at the bottom of the base template from inside to outside for plugging.

4. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein the casting of concrete on the base form to form base slab concrete comprises:

sprinkling water on the base template for pre-wetting;

pouring concrete on the base template;

carrying out face-closing and flattening operation on the concrete on the base template; and

and carrying out watering maintenance on the concrete in a preset period.

5. The ballastless track construction method of claim 4, wherein the casting of the concrete on the base formwork comprises:

and when the expansion joints of the base plate are sequentially poured, symmetrically pouring on two sides is adopted.

6. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein after the step of casting concrete on the base formwork to form base slab concrete, the method further comprises:

cutting a deep seam on the top and the side of the foam board between the bases by a cutting machine;

cleaning up sundries in the deep seam;

coating an interface agent on the top surface and the side surface of the deep seam; and

and continuously injecting caulking materials into the deep seam by using a glue gun, and leveling by using a scraper.

7. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein the laying of the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer on the base plate concrete comprises:

after the strength of the base plate concrete reaches a preset strength, paving the geotextile isolation layer on the base plate concrete; and

the foam board at the expansion joint is embedded with the elastic cushion layer, and the elastic cushion layer is fixed around the inner groove of the foam board by adopting an adhesive.

8. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein the laying of the track slab on the geotextile isolation layer and the elastic cushion layer comprises:

carrying out rough laying operation on the track slab by taking the track slab contour line released from the geotextile isolation layer as a control line;

measuring the laying difference of the track slab;

when the laying difference is larger than a preset difference threshold value, finely adjusting the position of the track slab; and

and locking the finely adjusted track slab.

9. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein before the step of laying the base reinforcing mesh on the route to be constructed, the method further comprises:

adopting a chiseling machine to perform chiseling operation back and forth in sequence along the direction of the line to be constructed; and

pre-burying a shear rib in the sleeve;

wherein, it includes to wait to lay base reinforcing bar net on the construction route:

and paving the base reinforcing mesh on the route to be constructed, and binding and connecting the base reinforcing mesh with the shear rib.

10. The ballastless track construction method of claim 1, wherein after the self-compacting concrete form is installed on the track slab and concrete is poured, the method further comprises:

and retesting the track slab.