CN113801093A - Production method and equipment of 3-methylthiophene - Google Patents
Production method and equipment of 3-methylthiophene Download PDFInfo
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- CN113801093A CN113801093A CN202111172373.3A CN202111172373A CN113801093A CN 113801093 A CN113801093 A CN 113801093A CN 202111172373 A CN202111172373 A CN 202111172373A CN 113801093 A CN113801093 A CN 113801093A
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- sulfur
- methylthiophene
- isoprene
- rectifying tower
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/08—Hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms
Abstract
A production method and equipment of 3-methylthiophene are disclosed, the production method is: after being put into a liquefier and liquefied, the sulfur is sent into a second vaporizer to be vaporized, the sulfur and the vaporized isoprene are proportionally sent into a mixer to be fully vaporized and mixed, and the mixed gas is sent into a normal pressure tubular reactor filled with a catalyst to be synthesized to generate a crude product of the 3-methylthiophene. After the 3-methylthiophene crude product is discharged from the reactor, the temperature of the trimethylthiophene crude product is reduced to be below 80 ℃ through a cooler I, hydrogen sulfide gas is separated through a separator, and the hydrogen sulfide gas enters an alkali absorption tower to be absorbed. And (3) refining the trimethylthiophene after separating the hydrogen sulfide gas in a rectifying tower, controlling a certain reflux ratio, and extracting the tower top produced liquid into a qualified product tank after the tower top produced liquid is qualified through analysis. The production method has the remarkable characteristics of simple process, safety and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fine chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for producing trimethylthiophene.
Background
3-methylthiophene is an important organic chemical raw material, is commonly used as an organic synthesis reagent and is widely applied to synthesis of fuels, medicines, pesticides, polymer auxiliaries and the like, 3-methylthiophene is mainly used for synthesizing thiaethidine, diammonium thiophene, cephalomycin and the like in the medical industry, can also be used for manufacturing color films and special photography, and certain derivatives can be used for separating metals such as neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium and uranium by matching with a proper extraction agent.
The existing production process adopts sodium methylsuccinate and phosphorus sulfide to synthesize a 3-methylthiophene crude product through the next reaction under the protection of carbon dioxide, the 3-methylthiophene finished product with the yield of more than 60 percent is obtained through refining, and production equipment adopts enamel kettle type batch reaction, so that continuous production cannot be realized, and the yield is low. Phosphorus sulfide is used as a production raw material, is a dangerous chemical which is inflammable, highly toxic and irritant, and has high process production danger. Carbon dioxide is used for protection in the production process, and the crude trimethylthiophene needs to be refined in one step, so that the emission of waste gases such as carbon dioxide is increased, the generation of waste residues is increased, and the pollution is high. The traditional enamel kettle type intermittent reaction is adopted, so that the product is limited by high energy consumption, high pollution and low productivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome various problems in the existing production method of 3-methylthiophene, and provides a production method of 3-methylthiophene, which has the remarkable characteristics of simple process, safety and environmental protection.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for 3-methylthiophene.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a production method of 3-methylthiophene is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) after being liquefied, the sulfur is put into a sulfur melting tank 7 and then is sent into a second heater for vaporization; feeding liquid isoprene into a first heater for vaporization;
(2) the vaporized isoprene and sulfur enter a mixer according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.5-1: 1.56, are fully vaporized and mixed, and enter a reactor;
(3) carrying out a central control reaction to generate a 3-methylthiophene crude product;
(4) the 3-methylthiophene crude product is separated from hydrogen sulfide gas by a separator, the 3-methylthiophene after the separation of the hydrogen sulfide gas enters a rectifying tower for refining, the reflux ratio of the rectifying tower is 1.2-1.5, fraction is collected from the top of the rectifying tower and enters a qualified product tank after being analyzed to be qualified, and unqualified products enter a special unqualified product tank and return to the rectifying tower again for refining.
In the step (1), 145-150 parts by mass of sulfur and 230-240 parts by mass of isoprene are fed into a sulfur liquefying device.
The reaction conditions in the step (2) are as follows: the pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the temperature is 300-320 ℃, the vaporization mixing reaction lasts for 1-3 hours, and the reactor is a tubular reactor.
The central control reaction in the step (3) is to sample after a fixed reaction time, detect whether the reaction is complete or not by adopting gas chromatography, and continue to prolong the reaction time if the reaction is not complete; the fixed reaction time is 1 to 3 hours.
The gas outlet of the separator is connected with an alkali absorption tower.
And (4) after the 3-methylthiophene crude product is discharged from the reactor, cooling the trimethylthiophene crude product to below 80 ℃ through a cooler I, separating hydrogen sulfide gas through a separator, feeding the trimethylthiophene after the hydrogen sulfide gas is separated into a rectifying tower for refining, wherein the temperature of the rectifying tower is 110-115 ℃, collecting the fraction at 110-113 ℃, analyzing the fraction collected at the top of the rectifying tower through gas chromatography until the gas phase detection content reaches 99%, collecting the fraction into a qualified product tank, feeding the fraction into a special unqualified product tank, and returning the fraction into the rectifying tower for refining.
The production equipment of the 3-methylthiophene comprises a mixer for mixing gaseous isoprene and sulfur, a reactor for reacting the gaseous isoprene and the sulfur, a separator connected with the reactor, an alkali absorption tower connected with an air outlet of the separator, an atmospheric distillation tower connected with a liquid outlet of the separator, a cooler connected with the top of the atmospheric distillation tower, and a qualified product tank connected with the cooler.
A semi-finished product tank and a pump are arranged between the atmospheric distillation tower and the separator; the alkali absorption tower is internally filled with sodium hydroxide liquid.
The device also comprises a vaporization device used for changing the liquid isoprene and the liquid sulfur into a gas state; the vaporizing device comprises a first heater and a second heater; liquid isoprene is arranged in an isoprene tank, the isoprene tank is connected with a heater I through an isoprene pump, solid sulfur is arranged in a sulfur melting tank, and the sulfur melting tank is connected with a heater II through a liquid sulfur pump.
A cooler I is connected between the reactor and the separator.
The reaction principle of the invention is as follows:
the production method is characterized in that the used production equipment mainly comprises a melter, a vaporizer, a mixer, a tubular reactor, a rectifying tower, a high-frequency boiler and the like.
The method has the advantages of higher reaction efficiency, lower reaction temperature and safer reaction raw materials, and can produce more excellent product quality. Compared with the prior art, the key improvement points of the invention are as follows:
1. the tubular reactor is used for replacing the traditional enamel reaction kettle, so that continuous production is realized, and the reaction efficiency is greatly improved;
2. the raw materials of isoprene and sulfur used in the invention have higher safety, and the production method is safer;
3. the method has lower parameter requirement, the reaction temperature of the prior method is above 450 ℃, the requirement on the reaction temperature by using a tubular reactor is lower, and the reaction temperature of the method can be only 300 ℃ and 320 ℃;
4. the invention realizes the vaporization reaction of isoprene and sulfur at lower temperature, so that the side reaction is less, the reaction yield can reach more than 90 percent, and the quality of the finished product can meet the requirement of 99.9 percent abroad.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the production apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The production preparation method is characterized in that after being put into a liquefier (namely a sulfur melting tank) 7, sulfur is liquefied, then is sent into a heater II 5 for vaporization, and is sent into a mixer 4 with vaporized isoprene according to a certain proportion for full vaporization and mixing, and mixed gas is sent into a normal pressure tubular reactor (reactor for short) 8 filled with a catalyst for synthesis to generate a crude product of 3-methylthiophene. After the 3-methylthiophene crude product is discharged from the reactor 8, the temperature of the trimethylthiophene crude product is reduced to be below 80 ℃ through a cooler I, hydrogen sulfide gas is separated through a separator 9, the hydrogen sulfide gas enters an alkali absorption tower 10 to be absorbed, alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide, and the production process is started all the time. The trimethyl thiophene after separating the hydrogen sulfide gas enters a normal pressure rectifying tower (short for rectifying tower) 13 for refining, after a certain reflux ratio is controlled, the produced liquid at the top of the tower is analyzed to be qualified, and then the produced liquid enters a qualified product tank 16. The produced liquid at the top of the tower is the fraction.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the production method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) 150kg of sulfur and 234kg of isoprene were charged into a sulfur liquefying apparatus and an isoprene liquefying apparatus, respectively, and after being liquefied, they were sent to a vaporizing apparatus to be vaporized. The heater used to heat the liquid isoprene to a gaseous state was at a temperature of 50 ℃, and the heater was continuously fed and heated. The temperature of a sulfur melting tank for melting solid sulfur into liquid sulfur is 130 ℃, the temperature of a heater for heating the liquid sulfur into vapor sulfur is 450 ℃, and the processor continuously feeds and continuously heats;
(2) the vaporized isoprene and sulfur enter a mixer 4 according to a fixed mass ratio of 1:1.5, full vaporization mixing is carried out, and mixed gas enters a tubular reactor; the operating parameters of the tubular reactor were: the pressure is 0.2Mpa, the temperature is 300-;
(3) and (4) finishing the control reaction to generate a crude product of the 3-methylthiophene.
(4) The method comprises the following steps of cooling a trimethyl thiophene crude product to 80 ℃ through a cooler I by a cooler I, separating hydrogen sulfide gas through a separator, feeding the 3-methyl thiophene after the hydrogen sulfide gas is separated into an atmospheric distillation tower for refining, controlling the reflux ratio of the atmospheric distillation tower to be 1.2, controlling the temperature of the atmospheric distillation tower to be 115 ℃, collecting fraction at 113 ℃, collecting fraction extracted from the top of the atmospheric distillation tower after the fraction is analyzed to be qualified, feeding the fraction into a qualified product tank, feeding the unqualified product into a special tank for the unqualified product, and rectifying again.
Example two:
the production method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) 145kg of sulfur and 230kg of isoprene were charged into a sulfur liquefying apparatus and an isoprene liquefying apparatus, respectively, and after liquefaction, the mixture was sent to a vaporizing apparatus to be vaporized. The heater used to heat the liquid isoprene to a gaseous state was at a temperature of 50 ℃, and the heater was continuously fed and heated. The temperature of a sulfur melting tank for melting solid sulfur into liquid sulfur is 130 ℃, the temperature of a heater for heating the liquid sulfur into vapor sulfur is 450 ℃, and the processor continuously feeds and continuously heats;
(2) the vaporized isoprene and sulfur enter a mixer 4 according to a fixed mass ratio of 1:1.53, full vaporization mixing is carried out, and mixed gas enters a tubular reactor; the operating parameters of the tubular reactor were: the pressure is 0.3Mpa, the temperature is 300-;
(3) and (4) finishing the control reaction to generate a crude product of the 3-methylthiophene.
(4) The method comprises the following steps of cooling a trimethyl thiophene crude product to 80 ℃ through a cooler I by a cooler I, separating hydrogen sulfide gas through a separator, feeding the 3-methyl thiophene after the hydrogen sulfide gas is separated into an atmospheric distillation tower for refining, controlling the reflux ratio of the atmospheric distillation tower to be 1.3, controlling the temperature of the atmospheric distillation tower to be 115 ℃, collecting fraction at 113 ℃, collecting fraction extracted from the top of the atmospheric distillation tower after the fraction is analyzed to be qualified, extracting the fraction into a qualified product tank, feeding the unqualified product into a special tank for the unqualified product, and rectifying again.
Example three:
the production method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) 148kg of sulfur and 240kg of isoprene were charged into a sulfur liquefying apparatus and an isoprene liquefying apparatus, respectively, and after being liquefied, they were sent to a vaporizing apparatus to be vaporized. The heater used to heat the liquid isoprene to a gaseous state was at a temperature of 50 ℃, and the heater was continuously fed and heated. The temperature of a sulfur melting tank for melting solid sulfur into liquid sulfur is 130 ℃, the temperature of a heater for heating the liquid sulfur into vapor sulfur is 450 ℃, and the processor continuously feeds and continuously heats;
(2) the vaporized isoprene and sulfur enter a mixer 4 according to a fixed mass ratio of 1:1.56, full vaporization mixing is carried out, and mixed gas enters a tubular reactor; the operating parameters of the tubular reactor were: the pressure is 0.2Mpa, the temperature is 300-;
(3) and (4) finishing the control reaction to generate a crude product of the 3-methylthiophene. The central control reaction is to sample after a fixed reaction time length, detect whether the reaction is complete or not by adopting gas chromatography, and continue to prolong the reaction time if the reaction is not complete; the fixed reaction time is 1 hour;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of cooling a trimethyl thiophene crude product to 80 ℃ through a cooler I by a cooler I, separating hydrogen sulfide gas through a separator, feeding the 3-methyl thiophene after the hydrogen sulfide gas is separated into an atmospheric distillation tower for refining, controlling the reflux ratio of the atmospheric distillation tower to be 1.5, controlling the temperature of the atmospheric distillation tower to be 115 ℃, collecting fraction at 113 ℃, collecting fraction extracted from the top of the atmospheric distillation tower after the fraction is analyzed to be qualified, feeding the fraction into a qualified product tank, feeding the unqualified product into a special tank for the unqualified product, and rectifying again.
In fig. 2: the production equipment comprises a mixer 4, a reactor 8 for reacting gaseous isoprene and sulfur, a cooler connected with the reactor, a separator 9 connected with the cooler, an alkali absorption tower 10 connected with the gas outlet of the separator 9, a rectifying tower 13 connected with the liquid outlet of the separator 9, a cooler 15 connected with the top of the rectifying tower 13, and a qualified product tank 16 connected with the cooler 15. A semi-finished product tank 12 and a second pump 14 are arranged between the rectifying tower 13 and the separator 9. The alkali absorption tower 10 is filled with sodium hydroxide liquid. Liquid isoprene is arranged in an isoprene tank 1, the isoprene tank 1 is connected with a heater I3 through an isoprene pump 2, solid sulfur is arranged in a sulfur melting tank 7, and the sulfur melting tank 7 is connected with a heater II 5 through a liquid sulfur pump 6. The lower part of the alkali absorption tower 10 is connected with a pump I11. In the figure:
isoprene tank: the storage device of the isoprene raw material is at normal temperature when working;
an isoprene pump: conveying isoprene from the storage tank to a heater device;
a first heater: heating isoprene from liquid state to gas state, and introducing into a tubular reactor device at the temperature of about 50 ℃;
a sulfur melting tank: the solid sulfur is heated to become a liquid device, and the temperature of the device is about 130 ℃;
liquid sulfur pump: liquid sulfur is conveyed to the heater device from the storage tank;
a second heater: heating sulfur from liquid state to gas state, and feeding the sulfur into a tubular reactor device, wherein the equipment temperature is about 450 ℃;
a reactor: a tubular reactor, a gaseous isoprene and gaseous sulfur mixed reaction device, and the equipment temperature is about 330 ℃;
a cooler: cooling the reacted materials by refrigerant heat exchange;
a separator: separating the cooled trimethyl thiophene crude product from hydrogen sulfide gas generated by the reaction;
semi-finished product tank: a temporary storage tank for a trimethyl thiophene crude product;
a rectifying tower: the equipment temperature of the trimethyl thiophene purification device is about 150 ℃, the trimethyl thiophene is purified by a rectifying tower, and the trimethyl thiophene is cooled by a cooler to be finished and packaged.
Hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the reaction process, the hydrogen sulfide gas is separated by a separator, the hydrogen sulfide gas enters an alkali absorption tower to be absorbed, alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide, and the production process is started all the time.
Claims (10)
1. A production process of 3-methylthiophene is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the liquefied sulfur into a sulfur melting tank (7), and then sending the liquefied sulfur into a second heater (5) for vaporization; feeding liquid isoprene into a first heater (3) for vaporization;
(2) the vaporized isoprene and sulfur enter a mixer (4) according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.5-1: 1.56, and are vaporized and mixed to enter a reactor (8);
(3) carrying out a central control reaction to generate a 3-methylthiophene crude product;
(4) the 3-methylthiophene crude product is separated from hydrogen sulfide gas by a separator (9), the 3-methylthiophene after the hydrogen sulfide gas is separated enters a rectifying tower (13) for refining, the reflux ratio of the rectifying tower (13) is 1.2-1.5, fraction is collected from the top of the rectifying tower (13) and enters a qualified product tank (16) after being analyzed to be qualified, and unqualified products enter a special unqualified product tank and enter the rectifying tower (13) again for refining.
2. The process for producing 3-methylthiophene according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), 145-150 parts by mass of sulfur and 230-240 parts by mass of isoprene are fed into a sulfur liquefying device.
3. The process for producing 3-methylthiophene according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction conditions in the step (2) are as follows: the pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the temperature is 300-320 ℃, the vaporization mixing reaction lasts for 1-3 hours, and the reactor is a tubular reactor.
4. The process for producing 3-methylthiophene according to claim 1, characterized in that: the central control reaction in the step (3) is to sample after a fixed reaction time, detect whether the reaction is complete or not by adopting gas chromatography, and continue to prolong the reaction time if the reaction is not complete; the fixed reaction time is 1 to 3 hours.
5. The process for producing 3-methylthiophene according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas outlet of the separator (9) is connected with an alkali absorption tower (10).
6. The process for producing 3-methylthiophene according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the 3-methylthiophene crude product in the step (4) is discharged from the reactor (8), the temperature of the trimethylthiophene crude product is reduced to be below 80 ℃ through a cooler I, hydrogen sulfide gas is separated through a separator (9), the trimethylthiophene after the hydrogen sulfide gas is separated enters a rectifying tower (13) for refining, the temperature of the rectifying tower (13) is 110-115 ℃, fractions at the temperature of 110-113 ℃ are collected, fractions collected from the top of the rectifying tower (13) are analyzed through gas chromatography, the fraction reaches 99% of gas phase detection content and is qualified products, the fractions are collected and enter a qualified product tank (16), and the unqualified products enter a special unqualified product tank and are returned to the rectifying tower (13) for refining.
7. A production facility of 3-methylthiophene which characterized in that: the device comprises a mixer (4) for mixing gaseous isoprene and sulfur, a reactor (8) for reacting the gaseous isoprene and the sulfur, a separator (9) connected with the reactor (8), an alkali absorption tower (10) connected with an air outlet of the separator (9), a rectifying tower (13) connected with a liquid outlet of the separator (9), a cooler (15) connected with the top of the rectifying tower (13), and a qualified product tank (16) connected with the cooler (15).
8. The production apparatus of 3-methylthiophene according to claim 7, characterized in that: a semi-finished product tank (12) and a pump (14) are arranged between the rectifying tower (13) and the separator (9); the alkali absorption tower (10) is filled with sodium hydroxide liquid.
9. The production apparatus of 3-methylthiophene according to claim 7, characterized in that: the device also comprises a vaporization device used for changing the liquid isoprene and the liquid sulfur into a gas state; the vaporizing device comprises a first heater (3) and a second heater (5); liquid isoprene is arranged in an isoprene tank (1), the isoprene tank (1) is connected with a heater I (3) through an isoprene pump (2), solid sulfur is arranged in a sulfur melting tank (7), and the sulfur melting tank (7) is connected with a heater II (5) through a liquid sulfur pump (6).
10. The production apparatus of 3-methylthiophene according to claim 7, characterized in that: a cooler I is connected between the reactor 8 and the separator 9.
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