CN113800579A - Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4Method for producing nano-rod - Google Patents

Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4Method for producing nano-rod Download PDF

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CN113800579A
CN113800579A CN202110953390.4A CN202110953390A CN113800579A CN 113800579 A CN113800579 A CN 113800579A CN 202110953390 A CN202110953390 A CN 202110953390A CN 113800579 A CN113800579 A CN 113800579A
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彭景富
马骏
贲礼进
张新亮
苏冬云
卢欣欣
高涛
李军
朱双春
史茜
刘旺达
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Nantong Textile Vocational Technology College
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
    • C01G53/11—Sulfides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/16—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/20—Processes of manufacture of pasted electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
    • C01P2004/16—Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing Ni by a hot injection method3S4A method of nanorods, comprising: uniformly stirring and mixing nickel chloride hexahydrate, oleylamine and octadecene; heating and holding in an atmosphere for a period of time; keeping the airtightness of the device, cooling the solution to room temperature, injecting dodecyl mercaptan into the solution in a closed state through an injector, and raising and keeping the temperature for a period of time; cooling to room temperature, washing with cyclohexane and centrifuging for many times, washing with ethanol and centrifuging for many times, and drying in an oven. Ni of the invention3S4The nano-rod has excellent specific capacitance（1097F g‑1) When the current density increased to 20A g‑1The retention rate can reach 67.5%. Compared with other single sulfides, the performance is obviously improved.

Description

Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4Method for producing nano-rod
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrode materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing Ni by a thermal injection method3S4A method of nano-rod.
Background
The problem of energy storage has been a critical issue in human society. In recent years, electric vehicles and portable electronic products have been developed rapidly, and there is an urgent need for energy storage devices having high energy density, large output power, long cycle life, and high safety.
The energy storage devices that are currently in widespread use are a wide variety of batteries. However, certain inherent drawbacks generally limit their large-scale application in electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, such as the safety risk of lithium ion batteries, and poor cycling stability of alkaline zinc/manganese. In addition, lead-acid batteries are prone to environmental pollution. Supercapacitors have received much attention due to their higher power density, long cycle life and fast charge and discharge speeds. The transition metal oxide is widely applied to the electrode material of the super capacitor due to the advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness, rich valence state and the like.
However, the transition metal oxide has poor conductivity, which hinders dissociation during electrochemical reactionSub-transport, resulting in a rapid decay of the capacitance. Compared with transition metal oxides, the transition metal sulfide has higher conductivity, larger specific capacity and excellent mechanical and thermal stability. Wang J.P. and the like successfully designs and synthesizes the graded NiCo on the surface of the foamed nickel by adopting a hydrothermal synthesis method and an electrodeposition method2O4@Ni3S2A core-shell mesoporous nano thorn array. The prepared core/shell structure is NiCo2O4Mesoporous nano thorn as core and interconnected Ni3S2The ultrathin nanosheet is a shell, and the heterogeneous synergistic effect of the two components shows excellent electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor. The material is at 1A g-11716F g is presented-1Specific capacitance, increased to 20A g-1The specific capacity can still reach 1104F g-1. Li R, etc. adopts hydrothermal method to prepare novel Ni on the surface of foamed nickel3S2A nano triangular pyramid array and adopts an electrodeposition method to prepare unique Ni3S2@ CoS core-shell array. Ni3S2The @ CoS core-shell type array structure provides an ultrathin CoS shell layer, enlarges the effective area, has good conductivity, has shorter transmission length of ions and electrons, and has excellent electrochemical performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for preparing Ni by a hot injection method3S4A method of nano-rod.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a method for preparing Ni by using a hot injection method3S4A method of nanorods, comprising:
uniformly stirring and mixing nickel chloride hexahydrate, oleylamine and octadecene;
heating and holding in an atmosphere for a period of time;
keeping the airtightness of the device, cooling the solution to room temperature, injecting dodecyl mercaptan into the solution in a closed state through an injector, and raising and keeping the temperature for a period of time;
cooling to room temperature, washing with cyclohexane and centrifuging for many times, washing with ethanol and centrifuging for many times, and drying in an oven.
Further, the amount of the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1-2 mmol; 10-20 ml of oleylamine; 3-8 ml of octadecene.
Further, the atmosphere is Ar gas.
Further, the heating is carried out to the temperature of 130-150 ℃ in the atmosphere and the temperature is kept for 10-20 minutes.
Further, the amount of the dodecanethiol is 10 to 15 ml.
Further, the dodecanethiol is injected through the syringe in a closed state, and the temperature is raised to 250 ℃ and 270 ℃ and maintained for 20-40 minutes.
Further, after the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, washing and centrifuging for 10-15 times by using cyclohexane, washing and centrifuging for 1-5 times by using ethanol.
Further, the oven temperature is 50-70 ℃.
The invention also discloses an electrode preparation method, which comprises the step of fully mixing the nanorod, carbon black and PTFE in a ratio of 75:20:5 to prepare a working electrode.
Further, coating a viscous electrode material on the foamed nickel, placing the foamed nickel in an oven for 12 hours, performing electrochemical performance test in a three-electrode system with 6M KOH as electrolyte, Pt as a counter electrode and Hg/HgO as a reference electrode and a voltage interval of 0-0.55V by adopting a CHI 660D electrochemical workstation, and performing current density of 10A g-1Next, 10000 cycles of cycle performance tests were performed.
Has the advantages that: the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention discloses small nano-sized Ni3S4The transition metal sulfide can generate richer redox reaction in the charge and discharge processes in the preparation process and the electrochemical performance of the nanorod, so that the nanorod is more expected to become a widely used anode material; the electrode material with small nano size and good dispersibility is more beneficial to the permeation of electrolyte in a battery system, and can fully utilize the active material;
（2）Ni3S4the nanorod has excellent specific capacitance (1097F g)-1) When the current density increased to 20A g-1Time keepingThe rate can reach 67.5 percent, and the performance is obviously improved compared with other single sulfides;
(3) after 10000 cycles, the specific capacity retention rate can reach 91 percent. Preparation of small nanometer size Ni by hot injection method3S4The method of the nano rod can be popularized and applied to the preparation of other anode materials of the super capacitor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is SEM and TEM photographs of the nanorods of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an XRD test pattern of the nanorods of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a sample spectrum test chart of the nanorods of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an electrochemical spectrum of the nanorod of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a composite cycle test graph of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4A method of nanorods, comprising:
1mmol of nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl)2·6H2O) is evenly stirred and mixed with 10ml of oleylamine (OAm) and 3 ml of Octadecene (ODE);
heating to 130 ℃ in an Ar gas atmosphere and keeping for 10 minutes;
keeping the device airtight, the solution temperature was reduced to room temperature, and 10ml of dodecanethiol (C) was injected via syringe in a closed state12H26S), raising the temperature to 250 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes;
cooling to room temperature, washing with cyclohexane and centrifuging for 10 times, washing with ethanol and centrifuging for 1 time, and oven drying at 50 deg.C.
Example 2
Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4A method of nanorods, comprising:
2mmol of nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl)2·6H2O) is mixed with 20ml of oleylamine (OAm) and 8 ml of Octadecene (ODE) evenly by stirring;
heating to 150 ℃ in an Ar gas atmosphere and keeping for 20 minutes;
keeping the device airtight, the solution temperature was reduced to room temperature, and 15ml of dodecanethiol (C) was injected via syringe in a closed state12H26S), raising the temperature to 270 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 40 minutes;
cooling to room temperature, washing with cyclohexane and centrifuging for 15 times, washing with ethanol and centrifuging for 5 times, and oven drying at 70 deg.C.
Example 3
Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4A method of nanorods, comprising:
chlorination of 1.5mmol of hexahydrateNickel (NiCl)2·6H2O) is evenly stirred and mixed with 15ml of oleylamine (OAm) and 5ml of Octadecene (ODE);
heating to 140 ℃ in an Ar gas atmosphere and keeping for 15 minutes;
keeping the device airtight, the solution temperature was lowered to room temperature, and 12 ml of dodecanethiol (C) was injected via syringe in a closed state12H26S), raising the temperature to 250-26070 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes;
cooling to room temperature, washing with cyclohexane and centrifuging for 12 times, washing with ethanol and centrifuging for 2 times, and oven drying at 60 deg.C.
And fully mixing the nickel sulfide nano-rods, the carbon black and the PTFE according to the ratio of 75:20:5 to prepare the working electrode. The viscous electrode material was applied to foamed nickel (1X 1 cm)2) And placing the sample in an oven for 12 hours, and performing electrochemical performance test in a three-electrode system with 6M KOH as electrolyte, Pt as a counter electrode and Hg/HgO as a reference electrode and a voltage interval of 0-0.55V by adopting a CHI 660D electrochemical workstation. At a current density of 10A g-1Next, 10000 cycles of cycle performance tests were performed.
Structural and elemental analysis of the material.
In fig. 1, we performed Scanning (SEM) and Transmission (TEM) tests on the sample. From FIG. 1 (a), the morphology of the sample is observed as nanorods with relatively small size in a large range, and when the scanning magnification is increased (FIG. 1 (b)), the morphology of the material can be more clearly determined as nanorods with length between 100 nm and 150 nm, and the size is very uniform and the surface is smooth. The internal structure of the material is observed more visually through a transmission electron microscope, and the nano-rods are found to be in a solid structure and have good dispersibility in FIGS. 1 (c) and (d). The materials are not agglomerated together due to small size, so that the materials can be more fully contacted with electrolyte in the electrochemical reaction process, the utilization rate of the active materials is further improved, and the electrochemical performance is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the components of the sample were determined. Comparing the XRD spectrogram of the sample with a standard card, and finding out characteristic peaks in the XRD spectrogram of the materialThe diffraction peak position of the standard card JCPDS 47-1939 is well corresponded[15]This demonstrates that we successfully synthesized Ni3S4. Wherein, the characteristic peaks of the diffraction peaks at 31.27 degrees, 37.93 degrees and 54.75 degrees respectively correspond to the crystal planes: (311) the (400) and (440).
Electrochemical characterization of materials
We performed a spectrum test on the material (fig. 3), and it can be seen from the spectrum that the elements Ni and S are present in a large amount in the compound, and the ratio of Ni atom to sulfur atom is 3: 4, Synthesis of Ni by the method of Hot Implantation3S4The process was successfully carried out.
In a three electrode system of 6M KOH, we are dealing with Ni3S4The nanorod electrodes were subjected to electrochemical performance testing. FIG. 4 (a) shows the scan rate from 2 mV s-1Increase to 100 mV s-1 Ni3S4Cyclic voltammetry curve of (a). The cyclic voltammograms at different sweep rates all had larger integrated areas, indicating that the materials had higher capacities. Ni3S4At 100 mV s-1The lower curve has similar appearance with the curve at the small sweeping speed, and the curve is not seriously deformed due to the increase of the sweeping speed, thereby proving that the material has good stability. In fig. 4 (b), the CP curves at different current densities have better symmetry, and all the curves can observe a distinct charging and discharging platform, in which the current density is 1A g-1Now, a wider plateau can be observed. Which corresponds to Ni3S4An electrochemical reaction with the electrolyte. The transfer and release of charges are realized during the reaction process. The wider the plateau, the longer the discharge time, the more excellent the performance. Further illustrating the excellent properties of the material. FIG. 4 (c) depicts Ni3S4The EIS spectral impedance was measured at a potential of 0.2V in an impedance plot over the frequency range of 0.01Hz-100 KHz. The cross-axis intercept of the high frequency region is closer to zero, indicating that the material has a smaller solution resistance (Re), and the small semicircular diameter of the high frequency region also indicating that the material has a smaller charge transfer resistance (Rct). Meanwhile, the larger slope of the curve in the low frequency region indicates that the material has faster electricityCharge diffusion behavior. Fig. 4 (d), specific capacities at different current densities, more intuitively illustrate the excellent electrochemical performance of the material. At a current density of 1A g-1The specific capacity of the material can reach 1097F g-1. The specific capacity value decayed with increasing current density, but increased to 20A g-1The specific capacity can still reach 740F g-1This is high, which indicates that the material has very excellent rate capability (67.5%). This is a great improvement over many single transition metal oxides or sulfides.
To further illustrate the excellent stability of the material, we maintained the current density at 10A g-1Lower pair of Ni3S410000 cycles of the cycling stability test were performed (fig. 5). The test results show that the stability of the material decays only 9% over a long period of cycling. This is in direct relation to the fact that the small size of the nanostructures can be more fully in contact with the electrolyte.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring and mixing nickel chloride hexahydrate, oleylamine and octadecene;
heating and holding in an atmosphere for a period of time;
keeping the airtightness of the device, cooling the solution to room temperature, injecting dodecyl mercaptan into the solution in a closed state through an injector, and raising and keeping the temperature for a period of time;
cooling to room temperature, washing with cyclohexane and centrifuging for many times, washing with ethanol and centrifuging for many times, and drying in an oven.
2. The method of claim 1 for preparing Ni by thermal injection3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: the amount of the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1-2 mmol; 10-20 ml of oleylamine; 3-8 ml of octadecene.
3. The method of claim 1 for preparing Ni by thermal injection3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: the atmosphere is Ar gas.
4. The method of claim 1 for preparing Ni by thermal injection3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heating is carried out in an atmosphere to 130-150 ℃ and maintained for 10-20 minutes.
5. The method of claim 1 for preparing Ni by thermal injection3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: the amount of the dodecanethiol is 10-15 ml.
6. The method of claim 1 for preparing Ni by thermal injection3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: the dodecanethiol is injected through the syringe in a closed state, and the temperature is raised to 250-270 ℃ and maintained for 20-40 minutes.
7. The method of claim 1 for preparing Ni by thermal injection3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the temperature is reduced to room temperature, washing and centrifuging for 10-15 times by using cyclohexane, and washing and centrifuging for 1-5 times by using ethanol.
8. The method of claim 1 for preparing Ni by thermal injection3S4The method for preparing the nano-rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: the oven temperature is 50-70 ℃.
9. A method of manufacturing an electrode, comprising: comprising the nanorod of any one of claims 1-8, and carbon black and PTFE intimately mixed in a ratio of 75:20:5 to produce a working electrode.
10. A method of manufacturing an electrode according to claim 9, wherein: coating a viscous electrode material on foamed nickel, placing the foamed nickel in an oven for 12 hours, adopting a CHI 660D electrochemical workstation, carrying out electrochemical performance test in a three-electrode system with 6M KOH as electrolyte, Pt as a counter electrode and Hg/HgO as a reference electrode and a voltage interval of 0-0.55V, wherein the current density is 10A g-1Next, 10000 cycles of cycle performance tests were performed.
CN202110953390.4A 2021-08-19 2021-08-19 Preparation of Ni by hot injection method3S4Method for producing nano-rod Pending CN113800579A (en)

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CN103359770A (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-23 华东师范大学 Synthesis method of metal sulfide nano-structure material
CN104211128A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-17 南开大学 Preparation method of one-dimensional NiCo2O4 nanorod as supercapacitor material
CN105148943A (en) * 2015-09-14 2015-12-16 兰州大学 Non-noble metal oxygen evolution catalyst CuNiS2 with controllable shape
US20170084924A1 (en) * 2015-09-23 2017-03-23 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Process of forming electrodes and products thereof from biomass
CN110931267A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-27 广州大学 Nickel-cobalt-molybdenum ternary metal sulfide and preparation method and application thereof
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CN103359770A (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-23 华东师范大学 Synthesis method of metal sulfide nano-structure material
CN104211128A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-17 南开大学 Preparation method of one-dimensional NiCo2O4 nanorod as supercapacitor material
CN105148943A (en) * 2015-09-14 2015-12-16 兰州大学 Non-noble metal oxygen evolution catalyst CuNiS2 with controllable shape
US20170084924A1 (en) * 2015-09-23 2017-03-23 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Process of forming electrodes and products thereof from biomass
CN110931267A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-27 广州大学 Nickel-cobalt-molybdenum ternary metal sulfide and preparation method and application thereof
CN111226985A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-06-05 曲阜师范大学 Ni/Ni3S2Nano antibacterial agent and preparation method thereof

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Title
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黄克靖等: "《二维过渡金属二硫属化合物的电化学储能应用》", 北京：冶金工业出版社, pages: 41 *

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Application publication date: 20211217