CN113798493B - Method for improving mechanical property of CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Method for improving mechanical property of CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
- B22F9/26—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions using gaseous reductors
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the mechanical property of CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing, which comprises the steps of adding soluble rare earth oxide salt and CuCrZr powder into absolute ethyl alcohol or deionized water, so that the soluble rare earth oxide salt is in solution, and the CuCrZr spherical powder is completely wetted to obtain a solid-liquid mixture; drying and evaporating the solid-liquid mixture, and then calcining and reducing to obtain primary composite spherical powder; ball-milling the mixed powder of the preliminary composite spherical powder and the rare earth simple substance powder to fully mix the mixed powder to obtain composite spherical powder; the composite spherical powder is used as a raw material, the composite spherical powder layer is printed layer by layer through an additive manufacturing technology to be melted and solidified, and meanwhile, laser rapid remelting is carried out on each solidified layer to prepare the rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr composite material. According to the invention, the microstructure of the composite material is regulated and controlled by adding the rare earth oxide, so that the mechanical property of the material is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal composite material additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for improving mechanical properties of CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing
Background
Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a typical powder bed Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique that manufactures parts layer by fusing powders together according to slices of a 3D digital model. First, a layer of powder is laid on a substrate. Next, the powder is melted and solidified in selected areas using a computer controlled laser beam. Third, the plate is moved down one layer thick and then another layer of powder continues to lay on the solidified powder. These steps are repeated until the part is manufactured. Therefore, additive manufacturing techniques have received much attention as to the advantages of preparing samples with complex structures.
CuCrZr alloys are considered candidate materials for many applications, such as lead frame materials, high speed rail contact wires, heat transfer elements and nuclear reactor components, due to their excellent thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and high strength. At present, the preparation method of the CuCrZr alloy is mainly based on the traditional method, such as casting and the like. In addition, the mechanical properties of the CuCrZr alloy prepared by casting need to be further improved by subsequent processing, such as hot rolling, heat treatment and cold processing. However, with the demand of the industry for functional parts with complex structures, the selection of additive manufacturing technology to prepare the CuCrZr alloy is receiving more and more attention. Such as the original powder preparation, the additive manufacturing, the later hot isostatic pressing, the annealing treatment and the like which are provided in the Chinese invention patent publication No. CN111676386A, so as to improve the performance of the CuCrZr alloy. But the steps are complicated, the preparation cost is too high, large-scale production is not easy to realize, and the hot isostatic pressing is only suitable for small-size samples but cannot prepare large-size samples. The zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthening Cu or CuCrZr alloy is prepared based on a smelting method and is proposed in the Chinese invention patent publication No. CN 110129609A. The invention overcomes the problem of floating ZrO2 powder caused by large specific gravity difference between oxide and matrix when preparing alloy by traditional smelting. The main means is to adopt a Cu-ZrO2 combination body with the specific gravity close to that of matrix Cu. However, the invention is only suitable for strengthening the CuCrZr alloy by taking ZrO2 as the second phase, and other second phases cannot be adopted. In addition, the method is based on the smelting method, which is proposed in the Chinese patent publication of application publication No. CN110747365A, and adds Nb, Sc, Er, Y, Mg and other main alloying elements to the CuCrZr alloy, and prepares the high-performance CuCrZr alloy through the subsequent steps of solution treatment, drawing deformation, aging treatment, stress relief annealing and the like. However, the method has excessive steps, complex operation and low processing efficiency, wherein the size and the shape of the material are limited by cold-drawing deformation, and the preparation method is also the traditional smelting technology, so that the parts with complex structures are difficult to manufacture. The continuous equal channel angular extrusion technology is adopted for preparing the high-performance material for casting the CuCrZr alloy, which is proposed in the patent publication No. CN105925922A Chinese invention patent publication text. The method can only prepare wires such as alloy wires and the like, but cannot prepare block materials.
As can be seen from the above patents, there is a need to develop a method for preparing high performance CuCrZr alloy by using additive manufacturing and with few steps. According to the method, the high-performance nano rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr alloy is manufactured by additive manufacturing through a selective laser melting technology with high forming precision. The proposal of the patent provides a feasible method for manufacturing high-performance oxide dispersion strengthened CuCrZr alloy by additive manufacturing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for improving the mechanical properties of the CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing, and the rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr alloy without obvious defects is prepared by using the additive manufacturing technology and based on a nano second phase dispersion strengthening mechanism, so that the mechanical properties of the CuCrZr alloy are obviously enhanced.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for improving mechanical properties of a CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, adding soluble rare earth oxide salt and CuCrZr spherical powder into absolute ethyl alcohol or deionized water, dissolving the soluble rare earth oxide salt into the solution through ultrasonic oscillation or mechanical stirring, and completely wetting the CuCrZr spherical powder to obtain a solid-liquid mixture;
step S2, drying and evaporating the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step S1 to deposit rare earth oxide salt on the CuCrZr spherical particles, and then calcining the CuCrZr spherical particles for 2 to 8 hours in an atmosphere containing hydrogen at 400 to 700 ℃ to reduce the CuCrZr spherical particles to obtain primary composite spherical powder in which the rare earth oxide is uniformly dispersed and wrapped on the surfaces of the CuCrZr spherical particles;
step S3, adding rare earth simple substance powder into the primary composite spherical powder obtained in the step S2, and performing ball milling on the mixed powder of the primary composite spherical powder and the rare earth simple substance powder to fully mix the mixed powder to obtain composite spherical powder; the rare earth element of the rare earth simple substance is the same as the rare earth element in the soluble rare earth oxide salt in the step S1;
and S4, taking the composite spherical powder prepared in the step S3 as a raw material, printing the composite spherical powder layer by layer through an additive manufacturing technology to melt and solidify the composite spherical powder layer, and simultaneously carrying out laser rapid remelting on each solidified layer to prepare the rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr composite material.
Preferably, the additive manufacturing technology in step S4 is a selective laser melting technology, and the process parameters thereof are as follows: the energy density range of the laser body is 200-1000J/mm3。
Preferably, the laser rapid remelting process parameters in step S4 are as follows: the energy density range of the laser body is 200-3The scanning speed is 800-1600 mm/s.
Preferably, the soluble rare earth oxide salt in step S1 is yttrium nitrate or lanthanum nitrate; if the soluble rare earth oxide salt is yttrium nitrate, the rare earth simple substance added in the step S3 is pure yttrium; if the soluble rare earth oxide salt is lanthanum nitrate, the rare earth simple substance added in the step S3 is pure lanthanum.
Preferably, the content of the rare earth oxide in the composite spherical powder obtained in step S3 is 0.25 wt.% to 2.0 wt.%.
Preferably, the primary composite spherical powder obtained in step S2 is prepared by uniformly dispersing the nano-sized rare earth oxide on the surface of the CuCrZr spherical particles.
Preferably, the atmosphere containing hydrogen in step S2 is pure hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and argon.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for improving the mechanical property of the CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing uses additive manufacturing technology and a nano second-phase dispersion strengthening mechanism to prepare the rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr alloy without obvious defects, so that the mechanical property of the CuCrZr alloy is obviously enhanced.
1. The method utilizes two methods to add rare earth oxide and rare earth simple substance in turn. The first rare earth oxide is based on physical deposition, reduction and nucleation mechanisms, so that the rare earth oxide can be tightly coated on the CuCrZr spherical powder on the basis of keeping the nano size, and the sphericity can be kept. And secondly, uniformly mixing a rare earth simple substance with the initial composite powder through ball milling, wherein the rare earth simple substance can adsorb not only oxygen atoms in the process of adding rare earth oxides, but also oxygen atoms in the printing process. The added rare earth simple substance forms rare earth oxide in the adsorption process, so that printing defects such as holes, cracks and the like caused by oxidation of the CuCrZr powder and the prepared rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr composite material are avoided, and the mechanical property of a printed piece is ensured. Through the method for adding the rare earth oxide and the rare earth substance in the 2 steps, not only can the material defects caused by the existence of oxygen atoms in the method for adding the rare earth oxide be reduced, but also the cost can be saved compared with the method for adding the rare earth simple substance.
2. Compared with the method without adopting a rapid laser remelting technology, the method creatively provides a rapid laser remelting means. The rapid laser remelting can utilize the Marangoni convection effect to crush and redistribute the agglomerated rare earth oxide so as to eliminate the agglomeration of the rare earth oxide, so that the rare earth oxide can be dispersed and distributed in the CuCrZr alloy to play a dispersion strengthening effect to enhance the mechanical property of a printed part.
3. The invention has low cost, can prepare alloy without defects and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production. In addition, based on the advantages of the additive manufacturing technology, the method has high degree of freedom for the size and the structure of a sample, and can be used for efficiently preparing rare earth oxide dispersion strengthened CuCrZr alloys with different contents and different types.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a picture of a pure CuCrZr alloy powder;
FIG. 2 is 0.5 wt.% Y2O3-picture of CuCrZr composite powder;
FIG. 3 is a transmission electron microscope picture of (a) a pure CuCrZr sample for additive manufacturing and (b) a mechanical property diagram in comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 is the additive manufacturing 0.5 wt.% Y of example 1 (a)2O3Transmission electron microscopy pictures of-CuCrZr samples and(b) a mechanical property diagram;
FIG. 5 additive manufacturing 0.25 wt.% Y in example 22O3-transmission electron microscopy picture of CuCrZr sample;
FIG. 6 additive manufacturing of 2.0 wt.% La in example 32O3-transmission electron microscopy pictures of CuCrZr samples.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention also provides a method for improving the mechanical property of the CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, adding soluble rare earth oxide salt and CuCrZr spherical powder into absolute ethyl alcohol or deionized water, dissolving the soluble rare earth oxide salt into the solution through ultrasonic oscillation or mechanical stirring, and completely wetting the CuCrZr spherical powder to obtain a solid-liquid mixture; the soluble rare earth oxide salt is yttrium nitrate or lanthanum nitrate.
And S2, drying and evaporating the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step S1 to deposit rare earth oxide salt on the CuCrZr spherical particles, and then calcining the CuCrZr spherical particles in pure hydrogen or hydrogen-argon mixed gas at 400-700 ℃ for 2-8 h to reduce the rare earth oxide salt to obtain the primary composite spherical powder with nano-sized rare earth oxide uniformly dispersed and coated on the surfaces of the CuCrZr spherical particles.
Step S3, adding rare earth elementary substance powder into the primary composite spherical powder obtained in the step S2, and performing ball milling on the mixed powder of the primary composite spherical powder and the rare earth elementary substance powder to fully mix the mixed powder to obtain composite spherical powder, wherein the content of rare earth oxide in the composite spherical powder is 0.25 wt.% to 2.0 wt.%; the rare earth element of the rare earth simple substance is the same as the rare earth element in the soluble rare earth oxide salt in the step S1; if the soluble rare earth oxide salt is yttrium nitrate, the rare earth simple substance is pure yttrium; if the soluble rare earth oxide salt is lanthanum nitrate, the rare earth simple substance is pure lanthanum.
Step S4, the composite spherical powder prepared in step S3 is used as raw materialThe composite spherical powder layer is printed layer by layer through an additive manufacturing technology to be melted and solidified, and meanwhile, each solidified layer is subjected to laser rapid remelting to prepare the rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr composite material, wherein the oxide doped CuCrZr composite material is crack-free and defect-free, and the density of the oxide doped CuCrZr composite material is up to more than 99.5%. The rare earth oxide in the prepared rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr composite material sample is in dispersion distribution, and the size of a second phase formed in the sample is in a nanometer level and ranges from 20 nm to 500 nm. The additive manufacturing technology is a selective laser melting technology, and the process parameters are as follows: the energy density of the laser body is 200-1000J/mm3. The laser rapid remelting process parameters are as follows: the energy density range of the laser body is 200-3The scanning speed is 800-1600 mm/s.
Comparative example 1
Pure CuCrZr samples were prepared using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) with a physical energy density of 200J/mm3The size of a printed sample meets the size requirement of a standard tensile sample, and the density is more than 99.5%. FIG. 1 is a spherical powder of pure CuCrZr, with a particle size in the range of 15-150 μm. When the microstructure of the CuCrZr sample was observed by a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), as shown in FIG. 3 (a), it was found that there was a dispersed nano-second phase having a size of about 100nm and an area density of 5.3/. mu.m2. The sample was subjected to a tensile breaking mechanical property test, and the ultimate tensile strength was 285 MPa, and the ductility was 20.5%, as shown in FIG. 3 (b).
Example 1
51.28 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 5000g of CuCrZr spherical powder are added into a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, the yttrium nitrate hexahydrate is completely dissolved in the absolute ethyl alcohol through mechanical stirring, the CuCrZr spherical powder is completely wetted in the absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, the solid-liquid mixture is dried, then the solid-liquid mixture is reduced for 8 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere at 400 ℃ to obtain primary composite spherical powder, 10g of pure yttrium powder is added into the primary composite spherical powder, and the pure yttrium powder and the primary composite spherical powder are subjected to ball milling to be fully mixed, so that the composite spherical powder for additive manufacturing is prepared. The prepared composite spherical powder is used asTo print the precursor powder, a selective laser melting technique (SLM) was used to prepare 0.5 wt.% Y2O3The energy density of the composite material doped with CuCrZr is 1000J/mm3The laser rapid remelting parameter is that the energy density range of a laser body is 200J/mm3The scanning speed was 800 mm/s. The size of a printed sample meets the size requirement of a standard tensile sample, and the density is more than 99.5%. The sample has no defects such as cracks and holes. FIG. 2 is 0.5 wt.% Y2O3The particle size of the spherical powder coated with CuCrZr is within the range of 15-150 μm, and the yttrium oxide can be seen to be completely coated on the surface of the spherical powder coated with CuCrZr. Observation of 0.5 wt.% Y by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)2O3The microstructure of the sample doped with CuCrZr is shown in FIG. 4 (a), and it can be seen that there exists a dispersed nano second phase. It has a size of about 30nm and an area density of 250/μm2. The amount of which is significantly higher than the second phase in the pure CuCrZr sample and the size of which is much lower than that of the pure CuCrZr sample. The sample was subjected to a tensile breaking mechanical property test, and the ultimate tensile strength was 347 MPa, and the ductility was 38%, as shown in FIG. 4 (b). The ultimate tensile strength and ductility of the doped sample was found to be higher than that of the pure CuCrZr sample of comparative example 1 by comparison with those of the pure CuCrZr sample. This demonstrates that the addition of the nano second phase and the additive manufacturing technique can simultaneously improve the performance of the CuCrZr sample.
Example 2
Adding 17.04 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 4000g of CuCrZr spherical powder into a proper amount of deionized water, completely dissolving the yttrium nitrate hexahydrate in the deionized water through ultrasonic oscillation, completely wetting the CuCrZr spherical powder in the deionized water to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, drying the solid-liquid mixture, reducing for 2 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere at 700 ℃ to obtain primary composite spherical powder, adding 5g of pure yttrium powder into the primary composite spherical powder, and performing ball milling on the pure yttrium powder and the primary composite spherical powder to fully mix the pure yttrium powder and the primary composite spherical powder to prepare the composite spherical powder for additive manufacturing. The prepared composite spherical powder is used as printing precursor powder, and a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is adopted to prepare 0.25 wt.% Y2O3The energy density of the composite material doped with CuCrZr is 800J/mm3The laser rapid remelting parameter is that the energy density range of a laser body is 1200J/mm3The scanning speed was 1600 mm/s. The size of a printed sample meets the size requirement of a standard tensile sample, and the density is more than 99.5%. Observation of 0.25 wt.% Y by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)2O3The microstructure of the sample doped with CuCrZr is shown in FIG. 5, and it can be seen that there exists a dispersed nano second phase. The size is about 40nm, and the area density is 200/mum2. The amount of which is significantly higher than the second phase in the pure CuCrZr sample and the size of which is much lower than that of the pure CuCrZr sample. Thus, the mechanical properties of the sample are higher than those of the pure CuCrZr sample in the comparative example 1. This demonstrates that the addition of the nano second phase and the additive manufacturing technique can simultaneously improve the performance of the CuCrZr sample.
Example 3
661.2 g of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate and 5000g of CuCrZr spherical powder are added into a proper amount of deionized water, the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is completely dissolved in the deionized water through mechanical stirring, the CuCrZr spherical powder is completely wetted in the deionized water to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, the solid-liquid mixture is dried, then the solid-liquid mixture is reduced for 4 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere at 600 ℃ to obtain primary composite spherical powder, 15g of pure lanthanum powder is added into the primary composite spherical powder, and the pure lanthanum powder and the primary composite spherical powder are subjected to ball milling to be fully mixed, so that the composite spherical powder for additive manufacturing is prepared. The prepared composite spherical powder is used as printing precursor powder, and a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is adopted to prepare 2.0 wt.% of La2O3The energy density of the composite material doped with CuCrZr is 1000J/mm3The laser rapid remelting parameter is that the energy density range of a laser body is 1000J/mm3The scanning speed was 1200 mm/s. The size of a printed sample meets the size requirement of a standard tensile sample, and the density is more than 99.5%. Observation of 2.0 wt.% La by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)2O3The microstructure of the doped CuCrZr is shown in FIG. 6, and it can be seen that there exists a dispersed nano second phase. It has a size of about 30nm and an area density of 300/μm2. It is composed ofThe amount is significantly higher than the second phase in the pure CuCrZr sample and its size is much lower than that of the pure CuCrZr sample. Thus, the mechanical properties of the sample are higher than those of the pure CuCrZr sample in the comparative example 1. This demonstrates that the addition of the nano second phase and the additive manufacturing technique can simultaneously improve the performance of the CuCrZr sample.
According to the technical scheme, the method for improving the mechanical property of the CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing is provided, and the rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr alloy without obvious defects is prepared by using the additive manufacturing technology and based on a nanometer second-phase dispersion strengthening mechanism, so that the mechanical property of the CuCrZr alloy is obviously enhanced.
1. The rare earth oxide and the rare earth simple substance are added in sequence by two methods proposed in the embodiment. The first rare earth oxide is based on physical deposition, reduction and nucleation mechanisms, so that the rare earth oxide can be tightly coated on the CuCrZr spherical powder on the basis of keeping the nano size, and the sphericity can be kept. And secondly, uniformly mixing rare earth simple substances with the initial composite powder by ball milling, wherein the rare earth simple substances can adsorb oxygen atoms in the process of adding rare earth oxides and can also adsorb oxygen atoms in the printing process. The added rare earth simple substance forms rare earth oxide in the adsorption process, so that printing defects such as holes, cracks and the like caused by oxidation of CuCrZr powder and the prepared rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr composite material are avoided, and the mechanical property of a printed piece is ensured. Through the method for adding the rare earth oxide and the rare earth substance in the 2 steps, not only can the material defects caused by the existence of oxygen atoms in the method for adding the rare earth oxide be reduced, but also the cost can be saved compared with the method for adding the rare earth simple substance.
2. Compared with the method without adopting the rapid laser remelting technology, the method creatively provides a rapid laser remelting means. The rapid laser remelting can crush and redistribute the agglomerated rare earth oxide by utilizing the Marangoni convection effect to eliminate the agglomeration of the rare earth oxide, so that the rare earth oxide can be dispersed in the CuCrZr alloy to exert the dispersion strengthening effect to enhance the mechanical property of a printed part.
3. The embodiment has low cost, can prepare the alloy without defects and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production. In addition, based on the advantages of the additive manufacturing technology, the embodiment has high freedom degree on the size and the structure of a sample, and can also efficiently prepare rare earth oxide dispersion strengthened CuCrZr alloys with different contents and different types.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail through the embodiments, but the description is only exemplary of the embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the embodiments of the invention is defined by the claims. In the present invention, the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention or those skilled in the art, based on the teachings of the embodiments of the present invention, design similar technical solutions to achieve the above technical effects within the spirit and the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention, or equivalent changes and modifications made to the application scope, etc., should still fall within the protection scope covered by the patent of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for improving mechanical properties of a CuCrZr alloy prepared by additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, adding soluble rare earth oxide salt and CuCrZr spherical powder into absolute ethyl alcohol or deionized water, dissolving the soluble rare earth oxide salt into the solution through ultrasonic oscillation or mechanical stirring, and completely wetting the CuCrZr spherical powder to obtain a solid-liquid mixture; the soluble rare earth oxide salt is yttrium nitrate or lanthanum nitrate;
step S2, drying and evaporating the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step S1 to deposit rare earth oxide salt on the CuCrZr spherical particles, and then calcining the CuCrZr spherical particles for 2 to 8 hours in an atmosphere containing hydrogen at 400 to 700 ℃ to reduce the CuCrZr spherical particles to obtain primary composite spherical powder in which the rare earth oxide is uniformly dispersed and wrapped on the surfaces of the CuCrZr spherical particles;
step S3, adding rare earth elementary substance powder into the primary composite spherical powder obtained in the step S2, and performing ball milling on the mixed powder of the primary composite spherical powder and the rare earth elementary substance powder to fully mix the mixed powder to obtain composite spherical powder, wherein the content of the rare earth oxide in the composite spherical powder is 0.25-2.0 wt%; the rare earth element of the rare earth simple substance is the same as the rare earth element in the soluble rare earth oxide salt in the step S1; if the soluble rare earth oxide salt is yttrium nitrate, the rare earth simple substance added in the step S3 is pure yttrium; if the soluble rare earth oxide salt is lanthanum nitrate, the rare earth simple substance added in the step S3 is pure lanthanum;
step S4, using the composite spherical powder prepared in the step S3 as a raw material, printing the composite spherical powder layer by layer through an additive manufacturing technology to enable the composite spherical powder layer to be melted and solidified, and meanwhile, carrying out laser rapid remelting on each solidified layer to prepare the rare earth oxide doped CuCrZr composite material; the additive manufacturing technology is a selective laser melting technology, and the process parameters are as follows: the energy density range of the laser body is 200-1000J/mm3(ii) a The laser rapid remelting process parameters are as follows: the energy density range of the laser body is 200-3The scanning speed is 800-1600 mm/s.
2. The method for improving the mechanical properties of the CuCrZr alloy prepared by the additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary composite spherical powder obtained in step S2 is prepared by uniformly dispersing and wrapping the nano-sized rare earth oxide on the surfaces of the CuCrZr spherical particles.
3. The method for improving the mechanical property of the CuCrZr alloy prepared by the additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the atmosphere containing hydrogen in the step S2 is pure hydrogen or a hydrogen-argon mixture.
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