CN113797697A - VOCs tail gas treatment process - Google Patents
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- CN113797697A CN113797697A CN202111172556.5A CN202111172556A CN113797697A CN 113797697 A CN113797697 A CN 113797697A CN 202111172556 A CN202111172556 A CN 202111172556A CN 113797697 A CN113797697 A CN 113797697A
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- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000045 chemical toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1406—Multiple stage absorption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, in particular to a treatment process of VOCs tail gas, which comprises the following steps of (1) mixing untreated VOCs tail gas and part of treated standard gas in a mixed air box to form tail gas to be treated, so that the content of the most combustible and explosive gas in the tail gas to be treated is reduced to be below 25% of the lower explosion limit; (2) pretreating the mixed tail gas to be treated, and then feeding the pretreated tail gas into a regenerative oxidation furnace for combustion; (3) and cooling and alkali washing the combusted tail gas to obtain standard gas, wherein a part of the standard gas enters a wind mixing box and is used for diluting untreated VOCs tail gas. The treatment process is particularly suitable for treating VOCs tail gas with complex components, inflammable and explosive gases and large concentration change, and has the advantages of high safety and stability, high treatment efficiency, small waste gas generation amount and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, in particular to a treatment process of VOCs tail gas.
Background
VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds, called as Volatile Organic Compounds throughout the English) generally exist in the chemical production process, and the waste gas of the VOCs has strong volatility, diffusivity and chemical toxicity, and has large discharge amount, multiple types, difficult degradation, strong toxicity and large potential safety hazard in the production process, thereby seriously polluting the environment and threatening the health of people.
Conventional treatment of VOCs includes absorption, oxidation, combustion, photolysis, etc., and specific treatment methods include catalytic combustion, activated carbon adsorption, low-temperature plasma, ultraviolet irradiation, etc. The above-mentioned treatment method has a superior characteristic to the conventional treatment of low-concentration VOCs, but has an irreparable disadvantage in the treatment of some high-concentration VOCs tail gas containing flammable and explosive gas components, such as hydrogen.
Aiming at the treatment of high-concentration VOCs tail gas, the traditional method has low treatment efficiency and limitation in treatment, the treatment mode cannot be safely guaranteed, and the treated tail gas cannot reach the emission standard, so that the treatment of the tail gas has the defect of great difficulty, and a process capable of treating VOCs tail gas with different concentrations and different components is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the treatment efficiency is low and the treatment of VOCs tail gas containing inflammable and explosive gases is not suitable when the existing VOCs treatment method is used for treating high-concentration VOCs tail gas, the invention provides a VOCs tail gas treatment process, wherein the process controls the content of the inflammable and explosive gases in the tail gas entering a regenerative oxidation furnace to be not higher than 25% of the lower explosion limit, ensures the safety and stability of the treatment process, and realizes the standard emission of the tail gas through combustion, cooling and alkali washing; and the tail gas of the untreated VOCs is diluted by using the standard-reaching gas, so that the tail gas treatment capacity is not increased. The treatment process is particularly suitable for treating VOCs tail gas with complex components, inflammable and explosive gases and large concentration change, and has the advantages of high safety and stability, high treatment efficiency, small waste gas generation amount and low energy consumption.
A treatment process of VOCs tail gas comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing untreated VOCs tail gas and part of treated standard-reaching gas in a mixed air box to form tail gas to be treated, so that the content of the most combustible and explosive gas in the tail gas to be treated is reduced to below 25% of the lower explosion limit;
(2) pretreating the mixed tail gas to be treated, and then feeding the pretreated tail gas into a regenerative oxidation furnace for combustion;
(3) and cooling and alkali washing the combusted tail gas to obtain standard gas, wherein a part of the standard gas enters a wind mixing box and is used for diluting untreated VOCs tail gas.
Further, the concentration of VOCs in the VOCs tail gas is 0-80000mg/m3。
Further, the flammable and explosive gas includes hydrogen and VOC gas.
Further, in the step (1), an explosion limit detector is used for measuring the content of each flammable and explosive gas in the tail gas to be treated. And regulating and controlling the frequency conversion of the fan of the air mixing box according to the detection result of the explosion limit detector, and ensuring that the content of flammable and explosive gases in the tail gas to be treated is within a safety range.
Furthermore, in the step (2), the pretreatment step comprises two steps of water washing and filtering, dust, water-soluble salts, water-soluble organic matters, tar and other components in the tail gas can be removed in the water washing process, and the filtering process can ensure that particle impurities in the tail gas are completely treated.
Further, in the step (2), a washing tower is used for washing the tail gas to be treated, the washing tower adopts three-stage spraying, and the spraying water is in reverse contact with the tail gas.
Further, in the step (2), the tail gas to be treated is filtered by using a graded filtering device, the aperture of the filter cloth of the graded filtering device is reduced from 15 μm to 3 μm, and particulate matters in the tail gas to be treated are fully removed.
Further, in the step (2), the furnace temperature of the regenerative oxidation furnace is above 800 ℃.
Further, in the step (3), the burnt tail gas is sprayed by using an alkaline washing tower, the alkaline washing tower adopts three-stage spraying, and the pH value of alkaline washing liquid is controlled to be 10-12.
Further, in the step (3), the standard-reaching gas is divided into three paths, wherein one path is discharged outside, the other path is used for back flushing of the regenerative oxidation furnace, and the other path returns to the air mixing box and is used for diluting untreated VOCs tail gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a simple, convenient and effective treatment method for VOCs tail gas, and the treated standard gas is used for diluting untreated VOCs tail gas, so that the content of inflammable and explosive gases in the tail gas to be treated is reduced to a safe range, the safety of subsequent combustion treatment is ensured, fresh air cannot be supplemented into a system, and the final gas emission cannot be increased due to dilution. The method has good treatment effect on the VOCs tail gas, can be used for treating the VOCs tail gas containing other flammable and explosive gases, has treatment capacity on the gas with low VOCs content, and is not limited by the components and concentration of the tail gas. The heat energy generated in the tail gas combustion treatment process can be recycled and then used for cooling production of other production equipment, the energy consumption can be reduced while tail gas is treated, and the method is beneficial to environment-friendly production and low-carbon production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the treatment process of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrical connection relationship among the controller, the VOCs tail gas fan, the standard gas fan, and the explosion limit detector in the processing apparatus used in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-air mixing box, 2-water scrubber, 3-filter device, 4-main blower, 5-regenerative oxidation furnace, 6-high temperature air mixing box, 7-cooling tower, 8-alkaline scrubber, 9-induced draft fan, 10-chimney, 11-back blower, 12-controller, 13-VOCs tail gas blower, 14-standard gas blower, and 15-explosion limit detector.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
VOCs tail gas containing hydrogen with VOCs content of 50000mg/m3The following processing steps can be adopted for processing:
(1) mixing untreated VOCs tail gas and part of treated standard-reaching gas into tail gas to be treated in a mixed air box, respectively measuring the hydrogen content and the VOCs content in the tail gas to be treated by using an explosion limit detector, regulating and controlling the frequency conversion of the air fan of the mixed air box according to the measurement result of the explosion limit detector, and increasing the standard-reaching gas entering the mixed air box until the content of the most combustible and explosive gas in the tail gas to be treated is reduced to be below 25% of the lower explosion limit;
(2) the mixed tail gas to be treated is firstly in reverse contact with tertiary spray water of a washing tower for washing, dust removal, water-soluble salt, water-soluble organic matters and tar are removed, then the tertiary filtration is carried out, the aperture of filter cloth of the tertiary filtration is reduced from 15 mu m to 3 mu m, so that no solid impurities are contained in the tail gas, after the pretreatment is finished, the tail gas to be treated enters a regenerative oxidation furnace for combustion, the regenerative oxidation furnace takes coal gas or natural gas as fuel, the temperature in the furnace is heated to over 800 ℃, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in the tail gas are oxidized and combusted in the regenerative oxidation furnace and are converted into CO2And H2O；
(3) The tail gas after combustion is firstly cooled by a cooling tower, and in the process, the waste heat can be recovered, for example, bromination is utilizedThe lithium unit recovers waste heat, cold energy is generated for workshop production, the cooled tail gas enters an alkaline washing tower, and a tertiary spraying device of the alkaline washing tower sprays alkaline washing liquid with the pH value of 10-12 to neutralize SO in the tail gas2And other acidic gases are subjected to alkaline cleaning to obtain standard-reaching gases, the standard-reaching gases are divided into three paths, one path of the standard-reaching gases is discharged through a chimney, the other path of the standard-reaching gases enters a regenerative oxidation furnace through a back-blowing fan, the unpurified tail gas in the heat accumulator is sent into a combustion chamber again, and the other path of the standard-reaching gases returns to a wind mixing box through a return pipeline to be used as dilution air to dilute the untreated VOCs tail gas.
The treatment process of the embodiment is realized by adopting the following treatment device for VOCs tail gas:
a VOCs tail gas treatment device comprises a wind mixing box 1, a water washing tower 2, a filtering device 3, a main fan 4, a regenerative oxidation furnace 5, a high-temperature wind mixing box 6, a cooling tower 7, an alkaline washing tower 8 and an induced draft fan 9 which are sequentially communicated;
the device is characterized by further comprising a controller 12, wherein a VOCs tail gas air inlet and a standard gas air inlet are formed in the air mixing box 1, a VOCs tail gas fan 13 is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the VOCs tail gas air inlet, a standard gas fan 14 is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the standard gas air inlet, an explosion limit detector 15 is arranged in the air mixing box 1, the VOCs tail gas fan 13, the standard gas fan 14 and the explosion limit detector 15 are respectively and electrically connected with the controller 12, and according to a detection result of the explosion limit detector 15, the controller 12 controls the flow of the VOCs tail gas fan 13 and the standard gas fan 14 on the air mixing box 1, so that the hydrogen content of tail gas to be treated in the air mixing box 1 is not higher than 25% of the lower explosion limit;
the device also comprises a chimney 10 and a back-blowing fan 11, wherein the induced draft fan 9 is respectively communicated with a standard gas inlet of the air mixing box 1, the chimney 10 and the back-blowing fan 11, and the back-blowing fan 11 is communicated with the regenerative oxidation furnace 5;
the water washing tower 2 is a spray tower with a three-stage spray device, and spray water and tail gas are in reverse contact; the filtering device 3 is a three-stage filtering device, filter cloth is arranged in the filtering device 3, and the aperture of the filter cloth is 15 microns, 9 microns and 3 microns in sequence; the heat accumulating type oxidation furnace 5 is a three-tower heat accumulating type oxidation furnace; the alkaline washing tower 8 is a spray tower with a three-stage spray device.
Example 2
Example 2 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the tail gas of VOCs treated in example 2 has a VOCs content of 80000mg/m3。
Example 3
Example 3 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the tail gas of VOCs treated in example 3 has a VOCs content of 500mg/m3。
Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the drawings in connection with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A treatment process of VOCs tail gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing untreated VOCs tail gas and part of treated standard-reaching gas in a mixed air box to form tail gas to be treated, so that the content of the most combustible and explosive gas in the tail gas to be treated is reduced to below 25% of the lower explosion limit;
(2) pretreating the mixed tail gas to be treated, and then feeding the pretreated tail gas into a regenerative oxidation furnace for combustion;
(3) and cooling and alkali washing the combusted tail gas to obtain standard gas, wherein a part of the standard gas enters a wind mixing box and is used for diluting untreated VOCs tail gas.
2. The treatment process of claim 1, wherein the concentration of VOCs in the tail gas of VOCs is 0-80000mg/m3。
3. The treatment process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), an explosion limit detector is used for measuring the content of each flammable and explosive gas in the tail gas to be treated.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein in step (1), the flammable and explosive gas comprises hydrogen and VOC gas.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the pretreatment step comprises two steps of water washing and filtering.
6. The treatment process according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the tail gas to be treated is washed by using a washing tower, the washing tower adopts three-stage spraying, and the spraying water is in reverse contact with the tail gas.
7. The treatment process according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the tail gas to be treated is filtered by using a graded filtering device, and the pore size of the filter cloth of the graded filtering device is reduced from 15 μm to 3 μm.
8. The treatment process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the furnace temperature of the regenerative oxidation furnace is 800 ℃ or higher.
9. The treatment process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the burnt tail gas is sprayed by using a caustic washing tower, the caustic washing tower adopts three-stage spraying, and the pH value of the caustic washing liquid is controlled to be 10-12.
10. The process of claim 1, wherein in step (3), the standard gas is divided into three paths, wherein one path is discharged, the other path is used for back blowing of the regenerative oxidation furnace, and the other path is returned to the air mixing box for diluting the untreated tail gas of VOCs.
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| CN202111172556.5A CN113797697A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | VOCs tail gas treatment process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111172556.5A CN113797697A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | VOCs tail gas treatment process |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5415682A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1995-05-16 | Uop | Process for the removal of volatile organic compounds from a fluid stream |
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-
2021
- 2021-10-08 CN CN202111172556.5A patent/CN113797697A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Title |
|---|
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