CN113794503A - Multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of surround device - Google Patents
Multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of surround device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113794503A CN113794503A CN202111034384.5A CN202111034384A CN113794503A CN 113794503 A CN113794503 A CN 113794503A CN 202111034384 A CN202111034384 A CN 202111034384A CN 113794503 A CN113794503 A CN 113794503A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
- H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of a surround device, wherein a UHF relay communication machine is connected with a UHF microwave network, and a UHF receiving antenna and a UHF transmitting antenna are both connected with the UHF microwave network; the UHF receiving antenna and the UHF transmitting antenna are used for connecting the lander/satellite vehicle UHF transceiver; the X relay communicator is connected with an X relay receiving microwave switch, the X relay receiving microwave switch is connected with an X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism, and the X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism is connected with an X relay receiving antenna; the X relay receiving antenna is used for being connected with an X frequency band deep space transponder of a mars vehicle. The invention realizes the high-speed interaction between the forward return data of the lander and the earth through the relay forwarding system, overcomes the defect of weak capability of the direct earth measurement and control data transmission link of the lander, is not only suitable for Mars detection tasks, but also can be used as a reference for subsequent deep space and remote detection tasks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spaceflight, in particular to a surround device multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system.
Background
The lander for deep space exploration is limited by the size of a detector, the direct ground measurement and control data transmission link has weak capacity, and in order to meet the requirement of implementing combined control on various types of spacecrafts in subsequent more complex space missions, a relay communication link with small range, two-way and multi-mode needs to be constructed between the lander and a surrounding device, so that high-reliability interaction with forward return data of the earth is realized in the whole stage.
The foreign deep space probe and the lander system only adopt a relay communication system with one mode, such as a Mars probe of NASA and ESA of European Union, only one UHF relay forwarding channel exists between the lander and the surround device, the communication with higher code rate can be realized only in the stage of near fire, and the data of the Mars vehicle cannot be transmitted to the earth in time when the orbit is detected in a far fire or scientifically.
Patent document CN108494472A discloses a space-based deep space relay communication satellite networking system, which includes: a spacecraft and a ground station, the spacecraft comprising: UNICON sun-centered constellations and geosynchronous orbit constellations; the sun-centered constellation comprises 6 UNICON communication satellites which are arranged on a sun-centered orbit through a constellation, and the geosynchronous orbit constellation comprises 3 GEO satellites which are arranged on a geosynchronous orbit; the user deep space probe transmits data to a UNICON sun-centered constellation and then transmits the data to a ground station through a geosynchronous orbit constellation; the top of each UNICON communication satellite is provided with 2 laser communication telescopes, and each laser communication telescope can rotate 180 degrees along the longitudinal axis, so that 360-degree scanning is realized, and laser communication can be carried out between every two communication satellites. Patent document CN105306095A discloses a method and system for quickly capturing relay satellite measurement and control system signals, the method includes the steps: s1: performing analog-to-digital conversion; the comprehensive digital baseband equipment performs band-pass sampling on the analog intermediate-frequency signal through a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to obtain a digital intermediate-frequency signal; s2: performing down-sampling treatment; s3: the capture processing time is less than the data sampling time; controlling two storages to realize seamless caching of data streams, wherein the caching depth is the number of sampling points for coherent integration, and the switching interval between the two storages is the sampling time for capturing data; s4: searching of a signal dynamic range is realized; and outputting the speed of a frequency search unit result according to a data sampling period, adopting 2 rounds of frequency search to converge a Doppler frequency range, and obtaining the code phase offset of the cache data in the 3 rd round of phase search. The patent document with publication number CN103944628A discloses an integrated structure of small satellite relay data transmission and earth data transmission, which has small volume, small mass and low power consumption, and belongs to the technical field of satellite structure design, and the structure comprises a modulator, a filter, a power amplifier, a switch matrix, an earth data transmission antenna and a relay data transmission antenna; the input signal is modulated to a ka frequency band by a modulator and then output to a filter, the filter filters out-of-band noise of the signal and outputs the signal to a power amplifier, the power amplifier amplifies the power of the signal and then transmits the signal to a switch matrix through a transmission waveguide, and the switch matrix switches the flow direction of the signal. Patent document CN213817780U discloses a double-layer satellite data relay system, which includes a first layer of GEO satellite relay system and a second layer of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellation layer; the first layer of GEO satellites consists of at least three GEO satellites, and the second layer of LEO constellation layer comprises at least 6 constellation units; each constellation unit comprises at least 6 adjacent orbit satellites, and each GEO satellite and LEO satellite is a forwarding node of a data packet and an access node of a user satellite; the LEO constellation layer is a common ground track constellation, and each satellite adopts an earth regression orbit, namely the LEO constellation layer is a 'regression-common ground track' constellation; forming a first laser link between LEO satellites; a second laser link is formed between the LEO satellite and the GEO satellite, and a third laser link is formed between the GEO satellites; and the three groups of laser links form a data relay backbone link of the double-layer satellite data relay system. However, none of the above patent documents relates to the design of a deep space relay communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a surround device multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system.
The invention provides a surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system, which comprises a UHF band bidirectional transmitting and receiving relay forwarding channel and an X band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel;
the UHF frequency band bidirectional transmitting-receiving relay forwarding channel comprises an UHF relay communication machine, an UHF microwave network, an UHF receiving antenna and an UHF transmitting antenna;
the UHF relay communicator is connected with the UHF microwave network, and the UHF receiving antenna and the UHF transmitting antenna are both connected with the UHF microwave network; the UHF receiving antenna and the UHF transmitting antenna are used for connecting a lander/star car UHF transceiver;
the X-frequency band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel comprises an X relay communicator, an X relay receiving microwave switch, an X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism and an X relay receiving antenna;
the X relay communicator is connected with the X relay receiving microwave switch, the X relay receiving microwave switch is connected with the X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism, and the X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism is connected with the X relay receiving antenna; the X relay receiving antenna is used for being connected with an X frequency band deep space transponder of a mars vehicle.
Preferably, the UHF relay communicator includes a baseband module a and a baseband module B, and both the baseband module a and the baseband module B are connected to the UHF microwave network.
Preferably, the UHF microwave network includes a UHF switch, a receiving filter and a transmitting filter;
the UHF switch is connected with the receiving filter, the transmitting filter and the UHF relay communication machine;
the receiving filter is connected with the UHF receiving antenna, and the transmitting filter is connected with the UHF transmitting antenna.
Preferably, the UHF switch comprises a UHF switch I, a UHF switch II, a UHF switch III, a UHF switch IV and a UHF switch V;
the UHF switch I is connected with the UHF relay communication machine, the UHF switch II and the UHF switch III;
the UHF switch II is connected with the transmitting filter and the UHF switch III;
the UHF switch III is connected with the UHF relay communication machine;
the UHF switch IV is connected with the UHF relay communication machine and the UHF switch V;
the UHF switch V is connected with the receiving filter.
Preferably, the system further comprises an attenuator, wherein the input end of the attenuator is connected with the UHF switch V, and the output end of the attenuator is connected with the UHF switch IV.
Preferably, the UHF switch further comprises a first large load and a second large load, wherein the first large load is connected with the UHF switch I, and the second large load is connected with the UHF switch II.
Preferably, the system further comprises a first small load and a second small load, wherein the first small load is connected with the UHF switch iii, and the second small load is connected with the UHF switch v.
Preferably, the X relay receiving microwave switch is a coaxial switch.
Preferably, the X relay receiving antenna is a narrow beam parabolic antenna.
Preferably, the X relay communicator includes an X relay communicator a and an X relay communicator B, and both the X relay communicator a and the X relay communicator B are connected to the X relay receiving microwave switch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention realizes the high-speed interaction between the forward return data of the lander and the earth through the relay forwarding system, and makes up the defect of weak direct ground measurement and control data transmission link;
2. the invention makes up the defect of weak ability of the direct ground measurement and control data transmission link of the lander through the repeater forwarding system of the surround, realizes the interaction of the forward and backward data with high code rate between the lander and the ground, and is suitable for the design of the repeater forwarding system of the subsequent deep space probe;
3. the method is not only suitable for Mars detection tasks, but also can be used as a reference for subsequent deep space and remote detection tasks.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a relay data transmission flow diagram of the surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a UHF microwave network of the surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an X relay antenna of the surround device multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of the surround device provided by this embodiment includes a UHF-band bidirectional transceiving relay forwarding channel and an X-band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel, the UHF-band bidirectional transceiving relay forwarding channel includes a UHF relay communicator, a UHF microwave network, a UHF receiving antenna and a UHF transmitting antenna, the UHF relay communicator is connected to the UHF microwave network, the UHF receiving antenna and the UHF transmitting antenna are both connected to the UHF microwave network, the UHF receiving antenna and the UHF transmitting antenna are used for connecting to a lander/satellite UHF transceiver, the X-band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel includes an X-relay communicator, an X-relay receiving microwave switch, an X-relay two-dimensional driving mechanism and an X-relay receiving antenna, the X-relay communicator is connected to the X-relay receiving microwave switch, the X-relay receiving microwave switch is connected to the X-relay two-dimensional driving mechanism, the X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism is connected with the X relay receiving antenna; the X relay receiving antenna is used for being connected with an X frequency band deep space transponder of a mars vehicle.
The X relay receiving microwave switch adopts a coaxial switch. The X relay receiving antenna is a narrow beam parabolic antenna. The X relay communicator comprises an X relay communicator A and an X relay communicator B, and the X relay communicator A and the X relay communicator B are both connected with an X relay receiving microwave switch.
The UHF relay communication machine comprises a baseband module A and a baseband module B, wherein the baseband module A and the baseband module B are both connected with a UHF microwave network. The UHF microwave network comprises a UHF switch, a receiving filter and a transmitting filter, wherein the UHF switch is connected with the receiving filter, the transmitting filter and the UHF relay communication machine, the receiving filter is connected with the UHF receiving antenna, and the transmitting filter is connected with the UHF transmitting antenna. The UHF switch comprises a UHF switch I, a UHF switch II, a UHF switch III, a UHF switch IV and a UHF switch V, the UHF switch I is connected with the UHF relay communication machine, the UHF switch II and the UHF switch III, the UHF switch II is connected with the transmitting filter and the UHF switch III, the UHF switch III is connected with the UHF relay communication machine, the UHF switch IV is connected with the UHF relay communication machine and the UHF switch V, and the UHF switch V is connected with the receiving filter.
The UHF microwave network also comprises an attenuator, the input end of the attenuator is connected with the UHF switch V, and the output end of the attenuator is connected with the UHF switch IV. The UHF microwave network further comprises a first large load and a second large load, wherein the first large load is connected with the UHF switch I, and the second large load is connected with the UHF switch II. The UHF microwave network further comprises a first small load and a second small load, the first small load is connected with the UHF switch III, and the second small load is connected with the UHF switch V.
Example 2:
those skilled in the art will understand this embodiment as a more specific description of embodiment 1.
In the multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of the surround device provided by the embodiment, the deep space surround device provides 2 relay forwarding channels for the lander: a UHF frequency band bidirectional transmitting-receiving relay forwarding channel and an X frequency band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel.
The UHF frequency band bidirectional transmitting-receiving relay forwarding channel comprises a UHF relay communication machine, a UHF microwave network, a UHF receiving antenna, a UHF transmitting antenna and the like. The X-frequency band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel comprises an X-frequency band relay communicator, a coaxial switch and an X-relay antenna (comprising a two-dimensional pointing mechanism). The UHF frequency band bidirectional transmitting-receiving relay forwarding channel comprises four working modes of simplex receiving, simplex transmitting, duplex initiating and duplex responding, and provides a bidirectional reliable relay communication task for the lander. The UHF frequency band bidirectional transmitting-receiving relay forwarding channel has a small information self-checking function in the long-term flight process under the state of the combination of the surrounding device and the landing device, and has a large signal communication function after separation.
The UHF microwave network comprises a plurality of microwave switches, receiving filters, transmitting filters, large loads, small loads, large attenuators and other components, and can realize complex functions of large and small signal switching, main backup channel selection and the like.
The X relay antenna is a narrow-beam parabolic antenna, has higher antenna gain, completes the tracking and pointing of the X relay antenna and the landing rover through a two-dimensional pointing mechanism, and can provide high-speed return relay service for the lander.
According to the distance between the two devices and the transmission requirement of data quantity, the UHF frequency band bidirectional transmitting-receiving relay forwarding channel and the X frequency band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel can be combined for use.
In fig. 1, a work flow of the whole relay forwarding system is shown, and for a forward channel, the ground station sends forward remote control frame data to the relay forwarding system of the surround device, and the forward remote control frame data is forwarded to the lander through the relay forwarding system; for the return channel, the data of the lander can be forwarded to the ground through the UHF relay or the X relay of the surround device, so that the interaction between the forward return data and the ground is realized.
Aiming at the high reliability requirement of remote control frame data on a device, a duplex working mode under a UHF relay forwarding channel is adopted, a receiver receives a frame and confirms a frame, and a sender can automatically retransmit unsent data according to feedback information of the receiver in communication, so that the high reliability transmission of the data is ensured.
In the relay forwarding system in fig. 2, the UHF microwave network in fig. 3 is combined, so that the gating of the UHF relay channel size signal and the switching of the main backup channel can be realized, in order to ensure the correctness of the UHF relay channel before the two devices are separated in the long-term combined flight mode, the self-check of the UHF relay channel is usually arranged for several times, at this time, the UHF microwave network is gated to the small signal working mode, and the self-check test is carried out with the lander in the small signal mode; after the two devices are separated, the UHF microwave network is gated to a large signal working mode, and normal relay communication is carried out between the UHF microwave network and the lander.
In the relay forwarding system in fig. 2 and the X relay antenna in fig. 4, the designed X relay forwarding channel adopts a parabolic antenna with a two-dimensional driving mechanism, so that the antenna gain is large, and relay data transmission with high code rate can be realized at a long distance.
The UHF relay channel and X relay channel multi-mode combination mode designed by the invention can use the working modes of the forward UHF relay and the return X relay at a longer distance aiming at the characteristics of smaller forward data volume and larger return data, thereby realizing high-efficiency information interaction between the lander and the ground.
The invention designs a multi-band multi-mode deep space relay forwarding system, overcomes the defect of weak ability of a direct ground measurement and control data transmission link of a lander by using a combination of a multi-channel multi-mode relay forwarding system of a surrounding device, and realizes high code rate interaction of the lander and forward return data on the ground.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system is characterized by comprising a UHF band bidirectional transmitting and receiving relay forwarding channel and an X band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel;
the UHF frequency band bidirectional transmitting-receiving relay forwarding channel comprises an UHF relay communication machine, an UHF microwave network, an UHF receiving antenna and an UHF transmitting antenna;
the UHF relay communicator is connected with the UHF microwave network, and the UHF receiving antenna and the UHF transmitting antenna are both connected with the UHF microwave network; the UHF receiving antenna and the UHF transmitting antenna are used for connecting a lander/star car UHF transceiver;
the X-frequency band unidirectional receiving relay forwarding channel comprises an X relay communicator, an X relay receiving microwave switch, an X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism and an X relay receiving antenna;
the X relay communicator is connected with the X relay receiving microwave switch, the X relay receiving microwave switch is connected with the X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism, and the X relay two-dimensional driving mechanism is connected with the X relay receiving antenna; the X relay receiving antenna is used for being connected with an X frequency band deep space transponder of a mars vehicle.
2. The surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of claim 1, wherein the UHF relay communicator comprises a baseband module a and a baseband module B, both of which are connected to the UHF microwave network.
3. The surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system according to claim 1, wherein the UHF microwave network comprises a UHF switch, a receiving filter and a transmitting filter;
the UHF switch is connected with the receiving filter, the transmitting filter and the UHF relay communication machine;
the receiving filter is connected with the UHF receiving antenna, and the transmitting filter is connected with the UHF transmitting antenna.
4. The surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of claim 3, wherein the UHF switch comprises UHF switch I, UHF switch II, UHF switch III, UHF switch IV and UHF switch V;
the UHF switch I is connected with the UHF relay communication machine, the UHF switch II and the UHF switch III;
the UHF switch II is connected with the transmitting filter and the UHF switch III;
the UHF switch III is connected with the UHF relay communication machine;
the UHF switch IV is connected with the UHF relay communication machine and the UHF switch V;
the UHF switch V is connected with the receiving filter.
5. The surround multiband multi-channel combined deep space relay repeater system according to claim 4, further comprising an attenuator, wherein an input end of the attenuator is connected to the UHF switch V, and an output end of the attenuator is connected to the UHF switch IV.
6. The surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a first large load and a second large load, wherein the first large load is connected to the UHF switch I, and the second large load is connected to the UHF switch II.
7. The surround multiband multi-channel combined deep space relay repeater system according to claim 4, further comprising a first small load and a second small load, wherein the first small load is connected to the UHF switch III, and the second small load is connected to the UHF switch V.
8. The surround device multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of claim 1, wherein the X-relay receive microwave switch is a coaxial switch.
9. The surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay repeater system according to claim 1, wherein the X relay receive antenna is a narrow beam parabolic antenna.
10. The surround multi-band multi-channel combined deep space relay forwarding system of claim 1, wherein the X relay communicator comprises an X relay communicator A and an X relay communicator B, and the X relay communicator A and the X relay communicator B are both connected to the X relay receiving microwave switch.
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| CN113794503B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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