CN113794318B - Active variable inertial volume damping system - Google Patents
Active variable inertial volume damping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113794318B CN113794318B CN202111038081.0A CN202111038081A CN113794318B CN 113794318 B CN113794318 B CN 113794318B CN 202111038081 A CN202111038081 A CN 202111038081A CN 113794318 B CN113794318 B CN 113794318B
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- flywheel
- structural beam
- gear
- ratchet wheel
- rotor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
- H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
- H02K7/1021—Magnetically influenced friction brakes
- H02K7/1023—Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy dissipation and shock absorption of structures, and relates to an active variable inertial volume shock absorption system which can be applied to a building structure and is used for inhibiting vibration of the building structure under earthquake or wind vibration. The system comprises two sets of variable inertial capacity systems, a generator system and an intelligent control system, wherein the left side and the right side of a structural beam are respectively provided with one set. The invention ensures that the inertia force is provided by the inertia container in the structure acceleration stage, the force is not provided in the structure deceleration stage, and the flywheel can be decelerated and braked in a specific time period by the principle of the generator, thereby ensuring the zero-position static state of the flywheel of the inertia container before the flywheel starts to work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy dissipation and shock absorption of structures, and relates to an active variable inertial volume shock absorption system which can be applied to a building structure and is used for inhibiting vibration of the building structure under earthquake or wind vibration.
Background
In the past decades, extreme weather and climate events and secondary derived disasters tend to increase, natural disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes seriously threaten the safety of buildings, and meanwhile, higher requirements on the earthquake resistance of the buildings are provided. Therefore, how to improve the earthquake-resistant performance of the building structure to ensure the life and property safety of people has important strategic significance. The structural vibration control device and the strategy can effectively improve the anti-seismic performance of the building structure; in the structural vibration control strategy, a semi-active control strategy combines the excellent output performance of passive control and an intelligent control algorithm of active control, and is widely applied to vibration control of the civil structure.
The implementation of semi-active control depends on the specific device type, and the existing semi-active devices mainly comprise an active variable damping device and an active variable stiffness device at present. In recent years, inerter has become a focus of research in the civil engineering field; the inertial container is an acceleration type shock absorber, a theoretical model of the inertial container is a two-node unit, unit output force is inertial force and is in direct proportion to relative acceleration between two nodes, and the output force performance of the inertial container is represented by the scale coefficient. Research shows that the inertial container can remarkably reduce the load strength of an input structure, so that the structural response is reduced, and the shock absorption effect of the inertial container on a long-period structure is more obvious.
Recent studies have shown that inerter does not always contribute to vibration suppression over the entire structural vibration period, and it prolongs the structural deceleration process during the structural deceleration phase, thereby making the displacement response too large. The method for solving the problem is to introduce a ratchet wheel device between the flywheel and the rotating bearing of the inertia container, so that the flywheel can only rotate in one direction, and the flywheel can be driven only when the structure is in an acceleration stage, and the flywheel can not transmit load back to the structure. Although the clutch action of the ratchet wheel can avoid energy from being returned to the structure, the kinetic energy obtained by the flywheel cannot be consumed or transferred due to the lack of an energy consumption mechanism, so that the flywheel cannot keep a zero static state before the next vibration cycle begins, and the energy consumption and shock absorption effects of the inertia container cannot be continuously and efficiently exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a scheme for actively changing the inertia capacity and damping, so that the inertia container only outputs power in the structural acceleration stage, the flywheel of the inertia container is decelerated by using a generator principle and utilizing magnetic resistance force to ensure the zero state of the flywheel before the beginning of each vibration period, and the kinetic energy of the flywheel is attempted to be converted into energy in other forms.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an active variable inertial volume damping system comprises two sets of variable inertial volume systems, a generator system and an intelligent control system, wherein the left side and the right side of a structural beam 6 are respectively provided with one set.
The variable inertial volume system comprises a support 1, a fixed rotating shaft 5, a gear 4, a flywheel 2 and a ratchet wheel 3, wherein the two variable inertial volume systems share the fixed rotating shaft 5; the fixed rotating shaft 5 is positioned below the structural beam 6 and is arranged on the support 1, the gear 4, the flywheel 2 and the ratchet wheel 3 are arranged on the fixed rotating shaft 5 through bearings, the gear 4 is fixedly connected with the flywheel 2, and the gear 4, the flywheel 2 and the ratchet wheel 3 rotate around the fixed rotating shaft 5; the bottom of the structural beam 6 is provided with a rack, the ratchet wheel 3 is meshed with the rack, the gear 4 is meshed with the ratchet wheel 3, and the rotation of the ratchet wheel 3 drives the gear 4 to rotate, so that the flywheel 2 is driven to rotate; and the working directions of the ratchets 3 in the variable inertial volume systems on the left side and the right side of the structural beam 6 are opposite.
The generator system comprises a coil 9, a rotor 10, a stator 11 and a magnetic pole 12; the rotor 10 is arranged on the outer side of the flywheel 2, the rotor and the flywheel are fixedly connected and rotate around the fixed rotating shaft 5, and the coil 9 is wound on the rotor 10; the stator 11 is fixedly connected with the support 1, the magnetic poles 12 are arranged on the stator 11, and the rotor 10 is positioned inside the stator 11.
The intelligent control system comprises an encoder 13, an intelligent switch 14, a load 15 and a signal line 16; an encoder 13 installed between the rotor 10 and the stator 11 for measuring an angular velocity of the rotor 10, thereby obtaining an angular velocity of the flywheel 2; two armatures and a load 15 of the generator system are connected into an intelligent switch 14, and the intelligent switch 14 is also connected with an encoder 13 on the other side of the structural beam 6, namely the intelligent switch 14 on each side is connected with the encoder 13 on the opposite side through a signal line 16 so as to monitor the change of the movement direction of the structural beam 6; the intelligent switch 14 can be designed by programmable control, when the structural beam 6 reaches the displacement extreme value in one direction and moves reversely, the encoder 13 recognizes, the signal is transmitted into the intelligent switch 14, the generator system starts to work after the intelligent switch 14 is closed, and the rotor 10 starts to decelerate and brake under the resistance of the magnetic field, so that the flywheel 2 is driven to decelerate and brake.
When the structural beam 6 generates horizontal displacement, the structural beam 6 drives the ratchet wheel 3 to rotate through rack transmission; when the structure beam 6 is in an acceleration state, the hook 7 participates in work, the ratchet 3 drives the gear 4 to rotate, the gear 4 and the flywheel 2 generate coaxial rotation around the fixed rotating shaft 5, the inertia force generated by the rotation of the flywheel 2 is the acting force F of the driving system, the acting force F and the like are greatly fed back to the structure beam 6 to block the movement of the structure beam 6, the acting force F is the inertia capacity force of the variable inertia capacity system during work, and the magnitude of the acting force F is in direct proportion to the radius ratio of the flywheel 2 to the gear 4 and the mass of the flywheel 2; when the structural beam 6 starts to perform deceleration movement, the hook claw 7 does not participate in the work, the gear 4 and the flywheel 2 keep the original rotation state, the ratchet wheel 3 generates a clutch effect at the moment, the variable inertial volume system does not have acting force fed back to the structural beam 6, and F is equal to 0; when the moving direction of the structural beam 6 changes, the intelligent control system starts to work, the encoders 13 on the two sides transmit signals to the intelligent switch 14 by monitoring the moving state of the flywheel 2 to switch on the load 15, and the generator system starts to work to provide magnetic resistance force to enable the flywheel 2 to decelerate and brake, so that the flywheel 2 is gradually stopped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention ensures that the inertia force is provided by the inertia container in the structure acceleration stage, the force is not provided in the structure deceleration stage, and the flywheel can be decelerated and braked in a specific time period by the principle of the generator, thereby ensuring the zero-position static state of the flywheel of the inertia container before starting working.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a configuration of a variable inertance system;
FIG. 2 is a simplified gear, ratchet and flywheel configuration in a variable inertial volume system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an active variable inertance system;
in the figure: 1, supporting; 2, a flywheel; 3, ratchet wheel; 4, gears; 5, fixing the rotating shaft; 6, a structural beam; 7, a hook claw; 8 bearing balls; 9 coils; 10 a rotor; 11 a stator; 12 magnetic poles; 13 an encoder; 14, an intelligent switch; 15 load; 16 signal lines.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a structure of a variable inertial volume system, which comprises a support 1, a flywheel 2, a ratchet wheel 3, a gear 4 and a fixed rotating shaft 5, wherein as shown in fig. 2, a claw 7 is arranged in the gear 3, and the gear 4, the flywheel 2 and the ratchet wheel 3 are arranged on the fixed rotating shaft 5 through a bearing and a bearing ball 8. The variable inertial volume system can separate the rotation of the flywheel 2 from the movement of the structural beam 6 when the structural beam 6 starts to decelerate, so that the energy of the flywheel 2 is prevented from being transmitted back to the structural beam 6; however, the flywheel 2 cannot automatically return to the static state, so that the flywheel 2 cannot be guaranteed to continuously work from zero in each vibration period of the structure, and a segmented output model of the clutch inertia container is realized. Therefore, the active variable inertial volume system shown in fig. 3 is designed, and the design process and the working principle are specifically as follows:
designing a flow:
(1) the variable inertial volume system consisting of a support 1, a gear 2, a ratchet wheel 3, a flywheel 4 and a fixed rotating shaft 5 is respectively arranged in two directions of left and right vibration of a structural beam 6, the working directions of the ratchet wheels 3 in the left and right directions are opposite, and when the structural beam 6 moves left and right respectively, the left and right ratchet wheels 3 can be respectively driven and the left and right gears 4 are driven to drive the left and right flywheels 2 to rotate;
(2) a rotor 10 of a generator system is arranged on the outer side of a flywheel 2 and coaxially rotates through a fixed rotating shaft 5, a stator 11 of the generator system is fixedly connected with a support 1, and when the flywheel 2 rotates, the rotor 10 wound with a coil 9 rotates together;
(3) an encoder 13 is arranged between the rotor 10 and the stator 11 in the two-side generator system and used for monitoring the angular speed of the flywheel 2 which rotates coaxially with the rotor 10; because the motion direction of the structure acceleration stage is consistent with the motion direction of the flywheel 2, the angular speed of the flywheel 2 is obtained through the encoder 13, and therefore the change of the structure motion state can be identified;
(4) connecting two armatures of a generator system at one side, an encoder 13 in the generator system at the other side and a load 15 at the side into an intelligent switch 14, carrying out control design on the intelligent switch 14, and determining whether the load 15 is closed and connected into an armature circuit or not through signal information of the encoder 13;
the working principle is as follows:
(1) when the structural beam 6 moves towards the left and right directions, the ratchet wheels 3 of the left and right variable inertial volume system shown in fig. 3 are driven by the structural beam 6 to respectively start to operate, the left and right flywheels 2 start to rotate, and the variable inertial volume system generates inertial force and feeds the inertial force back to the structural beam 6 through rack contact so as to inhibit structural vibration;
(2) when the structural beam 6 moves leftwards, the left variable inertial volume system in fig. 3 starts to provide an inertial force, when the speed of the structural beam 6 reaches the maximum, the inertial force disappears, and when the structural beam 6 moves to the left maximum displacement, the speed of the structural beam 6 is 0; at the next moment, the structural beam 6 will start moving to the right, at which time the left intelligent switch 14 is closed, the left load 15 is switched on, and the left flywheel 2 is decelerated and braked under the magnetic field resistance of the generator system. Therefore, the occurrence condition of the deceleration braking of the left flywheel 2 can be determined by determining whether the right flywheel 2 is braked or notThe start of rotation, i.e. whether the direction of movement of the construction beam 6 is switched. The encoder 13 arranged on the right-hand rotor 10 can detect the rotational speed of the flywheel 2 in real time, and the structure beam 6 starts moving to the right, i.e. when its rotational speed changes by Δ ω R And if the voltage is greater than 0, the left intelligent switch 14 is turned on.
(3) When the structural beam 6 moves rightwards, the variable inertial volume system on the right side in fig. 3 starts to provide an inertial force, when the speed of the structural beam 6 reaches the maximum, the inertial force disappears, and when the structural beam 6 moves to the maximum displacement on the right side, the structural speed is 0; at the next moment, the structural beam 6 will start to move to the left, at this moment, the right intelligent switch 14 is closed, the right load 15 is switched on, and the right flywheel 2 is decelerated and braked under the magnetic field resistance of the generator system. The construction beam 6 starts to move to the left, i.e. when the rotation speed measured by the left encoder 13 changes by Δ ω L And if the current is greater than 0, the right intelligent switch 14 is switched on.
(4) Through the design, the time when delta omega is measured can be realized R When the voltage is more than 0, the left intelligent switch 14 is closed; when Δ ω L And > 0, the right intelligent switch 14 is closed. When the intelligent switch 14 is closed, the flywheel 2 will decelerate to zero for a certain time to ensure that each vibration cycle can be started from rest. The control force F of the active variable inertial volume system can be realized as follows:
when in use
F is 0, when
Wherein b is an inertial volume coefficient provided by the variable inertial volume system during working,
and
respectively the velocity and acceleration response of the structure in which the structural beam 6 is located.
Claims (1)
1. The active inertia capacity changing and damping system is characterized by comprising two sets of variable inertia capacity systems, a generator system and an intelligent control system, wherein one set is arranged on each of the left side and the right side of a structural beam (6);
the variable inertial volume system comprises a support (1), a fixed rotating shaft (5), a gear (4), a flywheel (2) and a ratchet wheel (3), wherein the two sets of variable inertial volume systems share the fixed rotating shaft (5); the fixed rotating shaft (5) is positioned below the structural beam (6) and is arranged on the support (1), the gear (4), the flywheel (2) and the ratchet wheel (3) are arranged on the fixed rotating shaft (5) through bearings, the gear (4) is fixedly connected with the flywheel (2), and the gear (4), the flywheel (2) and the ratchet wheel (3) rotate around the fixed rotating shaft (5); the bottom of the structural beam (6) is provided with a rack, the ratchet wheel (3) is meshed with the rack, the gear (4) is meshed with the ratchet wheel (3), and the rotation of the ratchet wheel (3) drives the gear (4) to rotate so as to drive the flywheel (2) to rotate; the working directions of the ratchet wheels (3) in the variable inertial volume system on the left side and the right side of the structural beam (6) are opposite;
the generator system comprises a coil (9), a rotor (10), a stator (11) and a magnetic pole (12); the rotor (10) is arranged on the outer side of the flywheel (2), the flywheel and the flywheel are fixedly connected and rotate around the fixed rotating shaft (5), and the coil (9) is wound on the rotor (10); the stator (11) is fixedly connected with the support (1), the magnetic poles (12) are arranged on the stator (11), and the rotor (10) is positioned inside the stator (11);
the intelligent control system comprises an encoder (13), an intelligent switch (14), a load (15) and a signal line (16); an encoder (13) is installed between the rotor (10) and the stator (11) for measuring the angular velocity of the rotor (10) so as to obtain the angular velocity of the flywheel (2); two armatures and a load (15) of the generator system are connected into an intelligent switch (14), and the intelligent switch (14) is also connected with an encoder (13) on the other side of the structural beam (6), namely the intelligent switch (14) on each side is connected with the encoder (13) on the opposite side through a signal line (16) so as to monitor the change of the movement direction of the structural beam (6); the intelligent switch (14) is designed in a programmable control mode, when the structural beam (6) reaches a displacement extreme value in one direction and moves reversely, the encoder (13) recognizes the displacement extreme value, a signal is transmitted into the intelligent switch (14), a generator system starts to work after the intelligent switch (14) is closed, and the rotor (10) starts to decelerate and brake under the action of magnetic field resistance, so that the flywheel (2) is driven to decelerate and brake;
when the structural beam (6) generates horizontal displacement, the structural beam (6) drives the ratchet wheel (3) to rotate through rack transmission; when the structure beam (6) is in an acceleration state, the hook claw (7) participates in work, the ratchet wheel (3) drives the gear (4) to rotate, the gear (4) and the flywheel (2) rotate coaxially around the fixed rotating shaft (5), the inertia force generated by rotation of the flywheel (2) is used as the acting force F of the driving system to operate, the acting force F and the like are fed back to the structure beam (6) to block the structure beam (6) to move, the acting force F is the inertia capacity force of the variable inertia capacity system during operation, and the magnitude of the acting force F is in direct proportion to the radius ratio of the flywheel (2) to the gear (4) and the mass of the flywheel (2); when the structural beam (6) starts to perform deceleration movement, the hook claw (7) does not participate in the work, the gear (4) and the flywheel (2) keep the original rotation state, the ratchet wheel (3) generates a clutch effect at the moment, the variable inertial volume system does not have an acting force to be fed back to the structural beam (6), namely F is 0; when the movement direction of the structural beam (6) changes, the intelligent control system starts to work, the encoders (13) on two sides transmit signals to the intelligent switch (14) to switch on the load (15) by monitoring the movement state of the flywheel (2), and the generator system starts to work to provide magnetic resistance force to enable the flywheel (2) to decelerate and brake, so that the flywheel (2) is gradually stopped.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111038081.0A CN113794318B (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | Active variable inertial volume damping system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111038081.0A CN113794318B (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | Active variable inertial volume damping system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113794318A CN113794318A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| CN113794318B true CN113794318B (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115199691B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-01-26 | 重庆交通大学 | Large inertial mass ratio inertial container based on coaxial magnetic gear |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108916317A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-30 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of used container of the ratchet rack gear based on speed reducer |
| CN112228502A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Intelligent variable damping vibration suppression and power generation recovery device |
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2021
- 2021-09-06 CN CN202111038081.0A patent/CN113794318B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108916317A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-30 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of used container of the ratchet rack gear based on speed reducer |
| CN112228502A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Intelligent variable damping vibration suppression and power generation recovery device |
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