CN113794072A

CN113794072A - Electrical connector

Info

Publication number: CN113794072A
Application number: CN202111081010.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 游千仪
Original assignee: T Conn Precision Corp
Current assignee: T Conn Precision Corp
Priority date: 2021-09-15
Filing date: 2021-09-15
Publication date: 2021-12-14

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric connector, which is mainly characterized in that a test terminal, an anode terminal and a cathode terminal are coaxially arranged in a connector base, the cathode terminal is positioned at the periphery of the anode terminal, the top ends of the anode terminal and the cathode terminal are provided with an insulating cap, the lower end of the annular wall of the insulating cap is provided with more than one turn buckle which is combined with the cathode terminal in a turn buckle mode, and the top surface of the insulating cap is provided with a downward concave annular groove, so that the creepage distance between the cathode terminal and the anode terminal can be effectively prolonged, and the safety requirement is met.

Description

Electrical connector

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an electrical connector, and more particularly, to an electrical connector capable of effectively extending a creepage distance between positive and negative terminals.

Background

Generally, an electric motorcycle is mainly powered by replacing a battery, and the battery and the motorcycle are connected with each other by a mating and pluggable connector, and an electric connector (female terminal) often installed at the battery end is shown in fig. 7, and mainly includes a negative terminal 81, a positive terminal 82 and a testing terminal 83 coaxially installed in a connector base 80; the test terminal 83 is located at the axial center, the positive terminal 82 is hollow cylindrical and coaxially located at the periphery of the test terminal 83, and the negative terminal 81 is also cylindrical, has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the positive terminal 82 and coaxially located at the periphery of the positive terminal 82.

The lower ends of the negative terminal 81 and the positive terminal 82 are isolated from each other by the connector base 80, and the upper ends of the negative terminal 81 and the positive terminal 82 form an annular gap, and an insulating cap 90 is disposed in the annular gap to ensure that the upper ends of the negative terminal 81 and the positive terminal 82 are also isolated from each other. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the insulating cap 90 mainly includes a cap 91 having a bottom surface extending downward to form a plurality of annularly arranged arc-shaped claws 92, a hook 920 is formed at a lower end of each claw 92, and a gap is formed between adjacent claws 92. The inside diameter of the negative terminal 81 matches with the above-mentioned each claw piece 92, and its opening is formed with a hole edge 810 extending toward the axial direction, that is, the hole diameter of the negative terminal 81 at the hole edge 810 is smaller than the inside diameter of the negative terminal 81.

When the insulating cap 90 is inserted into the annular gap between the negative terminal 81 and the positive terminal 82 with the claw piece 92, the adjacent claw pieces 92 will contract in outer diameter by the gap therebetween so that the hook 920 at the lower end passes through the hole edge 810 of the negative terminal 81, after the hook 920 passes through the hole edge 810, the contraction state of each claw piece 92 is released, and the hook 920 is reversely buckled inside the hole edge 810 of the negative terminal 81, thereby completing the assembly of the insulating cap 90. Since the insulating cap 90 serves as an insulating medium between the negative terminal 81 and the positive terminal 82, it is necessary to meet safety requirements of a specific standard in terms of specifications.

According to GB 24155-:

1. the creepage distance d1 between the power storage battery connection terminals is calculated according to the following formula (1) and has a unit of mm:

d1≥0.25U+5 (1)

2. the creepage distance d2 between the charging member and the level block is calculated in mm by the following equation (2):

d2≥0.125U+5 (2)

u in the above formulas (1) and (2) is the maximum operating voltage between the two output terminals of the power storage battery, and the unit is volt.

The electrical gap between the conductive parts should be no less than 2.5 mm.

Referring to fig. 10, the method for measuring the electrical gap and the creepage distance is disclosed, in which two

connection terminals

71 and 72 on a carrier 70 are disclosed, the two

connection terminals

71 and 72 respectively have a

conductive surface

710 and 720, the distance between the

conductive surfaces

710 and 720 is the electrical gap G, and the distance between the two

connection terminals

71 and 72 along the surface of the carrier 70 is the creepage distance D.

According to the safety requirements of the above standards, the creepage distance of the electric connector, which is the insulating cap 90 for insulating the dielectric between the negative terminal 81 and the positive terminal 82, must meet the requirements of the above standards. However, as shown in fig. 8, the creepage distance of the insulating cap 90 between the negative terminal 81 and the positive terminal 82 includes two paths, including

And

wherein

The distance from the negative terminal 81 to the positive terminal 80 along the surface of the cap 91 of the insulating cap 90,

the distance from the negative electrode terminal 81 to the positive electrode terminal 82 along the bottom of the annular gap, however, it is not limited thereto

Or

Are not in compliance with the requirements of the aforementioned standards, i.e. are not satisfactory in terms of safety.

As can be seen from the above, the conventional electrical connector cannot meet the safety requirement in terms of creepage distance, and needs further examination and practical solution.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the primary objective of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector, which utilizes a special insulating cap design and its mounting structure to enlarge the creepage distance between the positive and negative terminals, thereby meeting the requirements of safety regulations.

The main technical means adopted for achieving the purpose is that the electric connector comprises a connector base, a test terminal, a positive terminal and a negative terminal are coaxially and electrically isolated in the connector base, and an insulating cap is arranged between the positive terminal and the negative terminal; wherein

The test terminal is positioned at the axis position of the connector base;

the positive terminal is in a hollow cylinder shape and is positioned at the periphery of the test terminal;

the negative terminal is cylindrical and is positioned at the periphery of the positive terminal, and an annular gap is formed between the upper end of the negative terminal and the upper end of the positive terminal for arranging the insulating cap;

the insulating cap comprises a cap part and a ring wall extending downwards from the bottom surface of the cap part, wherein a ring groove is coaxially formed on the surface of the cap part, and the ring groove extends to the ring wall in a thickness direction but does not penetrate through the bottom of the ring wall; a matched screwing structure is formed between the annular wall of the insulating cap and the inner wall of the negative terminal, so that the insulating cap is rotatably mounted in the annular gap between the negative terminal and the positive terminal.

It can be seen from the above that, the present invention mainly forms a ring groove on the cap surface of the insulating cap, and makes the ring groove deep into the ring wall, thereby greatly extending the creepage distance from the negative terminal to the positive terminal along the cap surface, and meeting the requirement of safety regulation.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for helping the understanding of the present invention, and are not particularly limited to the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a portion of the components of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a conventional connector for an electric vehicle.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a conventional connector for an electric vehicle.

Fig. 9 is an exploded view of a conventional connector for an electric vehicle.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of creepage distance calculation.

Detailed Description

The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a testing terminal 20, a positive terminal 30 and a negative terminal 40 are disposed coaxially and electrically isolated in a connector base 10, and an insulating cap 50 is disposed between the positive terminal 30 and the negative terminal 40; wherein

In this embodiment, the connector base 10 is cylindrical, made of an insulating material, and has a bottom portion, and an outer ring 11 and an inner ring 12 are formed by extending upward from the bottom portion in a vertical direction, the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12 are coaxially arranged, and a plurality of connecting ribs 13 are formed on both of them. The test terminal 20 is fixed at one end on the bottom of the connector base 10 and at the other end coaxially located between the inner rings 12;

the positive terminal 30 is hollow cylinder shape, the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the test terminal 20, and it is coaxially located between the outer periphery of the test terminal 20 and the inner ring 12 of the connector base 10; the lower end of the positive terminal 30 is fixed to the bottom of the connector base 10.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the negative terminal 40 is cylindrical, has an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the positive terminal 30, and is coaxially located at the periphery of the positive terminal 30. The lower end of the negative terminal 40 is fixed to the bottom of the connector base 10 and is spaced apart from the lower end of the positive terminal 30. An annular gap 14 is formed between the upper end of the negative terminal 40 and the upper end of the positive terminal 30 for disposing the insulating cap 50.

Referring to fig. 4, the insulating cap 50 includes a cap 51 and a continuous annular wall 52 extending downward from the bottom of the cap 51, the cap 51 is formed with a hole coaxially formed in the center thereof in a disk shape, the hole has a diameter matching the inner diameter of the positive terminal 30, and the cap 51 has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the negative terminal 40 and is adapted to cover the top ends of the negative and

positive terminals

40 and 30. The annular groove 510 is coaxially formed on the surface of the cap 51, the annular groove 510 extends to the annular wall 52 in a thickness direction, but does not penetrate the bottom of the annular wall 52, specifically, the annular groove 510 increases the depth as much as possible without penetrating the annular wall 52, so as to extend the surface distance from the outer periphery to the inner periphery (the through hole edge) of the cap 51, and further greatly extend the creepage distance between the negative terminal 40 and the positive terminal 30.

Furthermore, a mutually matched screwing structure is formed between the annular wall 52 of the insulating cap 50 and the inner wall of the negative terminal 40, so that the insulating cap 50 is rotatably mounted in the annular gap 14 between the negative terminal 40 and the positive terminal 30, the inner diameter of the annular wall 52 is matched with the outer diameter of the positive terminal 30 so as to be sleeved outside the positive terminal 30, the so-called screwing structure is mainly that more than one buckling block 521 is formed at the lower end of the outer diameter wall of the annular wall 52 along the circumference, and more than one blocking part 41 is formed on the inner wall of the negative terminal 40 along the circumference, in the embodiment, two buckling blocks 521 are formed at the lower end of the outer diameter wall of the annular wall 52 along the circumference, two corresponding blocking parts 41 are respectively formed at two corresponding opposite positions of the lower end of the outer diameter wall of the annular wall 52, two blocking parts 41 are located at the opening of the negative terminal 40, a gap 42 is formed between one end of one of the blocking portions 41 and the other end of the other blocking portion 41, and the width of the gap 42 is larger than the perimeter of the fastening block 521, so that the fastening block 521 can pass through the gap conveniently.

When the insulating cap 50 is aligned with the notch 42 at the opening of the negative terminal 40 by the button 521 at the lower end of the annular wall 52 and inserted downward into the annular gap 14 between the negative terminal 40 and the positive terminal 30, and then the insulating cap 50 is rotated by an angle such that the button 521 at the lower end of the annular wall 52 is rotated to be below the stop portion 41 at the opening of the negative terminal 40, the button 521 is stopped by the stop portion 41 (see fig. 5), and the insulating cap 50 is mounted and fixed. To facilitate the buckling block 521 to enter the lower portion of the blocking portion 41, an oblique plane is formed at the outer end of the buckling block 521 to guide the outer end of the buckling block 521 to enter the lower portion of the blocking portion 41, and meanwhile, the buckling block has a tightening effect.

In order to make the insulation cap 50 rotate to a specific angle more accurately to complete the fixing, the edge of the cap 51 forms a start mark 511 at a position corresponding to the inner end of the button 521, and forms an end mark 512 at an outer position far away from the inner end of the button 521, the distance between the end mark 512 and the start mark 511 is smaller than the perimeter of the button 521; the outer peripheral wall of the negative terminal 40 is formed with a positioning mark 43 at a position corresponding to one end of the notch 42, and the positioning mark 43 corresponds to the start mark 511 on the cap 51. That is, when the insulating cap 50 is to be inserted into the annular gap 14 between the negative terminal 40 and the positive terminal 30, the start mark 511 on the cap 51 is aligned with the positioning mark 43 on the outer peripheral wall of the negative terminal 40, and the stop mark 512 inserted and rotated on the cap 51 is aligned with the positioning mark 43 on the outer peripheral wall of the positive and negative terminals 40 (please refer to fig. 1), at this time, the snap block 521 at the lower end of the annular wall 52 is just rotated to the lower side of the stopper 41 to complete the fixing, thereby making the installation of the insulating cap 50 easier and faster.

Still referring to the illustration of figure 5,to further ensure that the cap 51 surface of the insulative cap 50 is the only insulative surface between the negative terminal 40 and the positive terminal 30, before the insulating cap 50 is mounted, a glue is dispensed in the annular gap 14 between the negative terminal 40 and the positive terminal 30 to fill an insulating glue 15, the insulating glue 15 is filled to the bottom of the annular gap 14 and the inner wall of the negative terminal 40, the height of the insulating glue 15 is higher than the fastening block 521 of the insulating cap 50, so that the insulating glue 15 is filled in the annular gap 14 after the insulating cap 50 is mounted, so that the cap 51 surface of the insulating cap 50 is the only insulating surface between the negative terminal 40 and the positive terminal 30, the cap 51 greatly extends the creepage distance of the insulating surface by the annular groove 510 of the surface, while meeting the safety requirements of certain standards, specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the creepage distance from the negative terminal 40 to the positive terminal 30 through the surface of the cap 51 is.

Compared with the creepage distance formed by the cap part of the insulation cap of the existing electric connector, the creepage distance is greatly prolonged, and the safety requirement of a specific standard is fully met.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the bottom ends of the detecting terminal 20, the positive terminal 30 and the negative terminal 40 are electrically connected to a detecting connecting sheet 201, a positive electrical connecting sheet 301 and a negative electrical connecting sheet 401, respectively, one end of the detecting connecting sheet 201, one end of the positive electrical connecting sheet 301 and one end of the negative electrical connecting sheet 401 are wrapped at the bottom of the connector base 10, and the other end of the detecting connecting sheet extends out of the connector base 10 for external connection.

Therefore, the invention mainly forms a ring groove coaxially between the surface of the insulating cap between the negative terminal and the positive terminal, and the ring groove is coaxially arranged between the negative terminal and the positive terminal, thereby the cap surface of the insulating cap can be used as the insulating surface between the negative terminal and the positive terminal, and the distance of the insulating surface is prolonged due to the formation of the ring groove, so that the creepage distance between the negative terminal and the positive terminal of the electric connector can be greatly prolonged, and the safety requirement of a specific standard is met.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and in particular, various features described in different embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily to form other embodiments, and the features are understood to be applicable to any embodiment and not limited to the described embodiments except for the specific contrary.

Claims

1. An electric connector is characterized in that a test terminal, a positive terminal and a negative terminal are coaxially and electrically isolated in a connector base, and an insulating cap is arranged between the positive terminal and the negative terminal; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the test terminal is positioned at the axis position of the connector base;

2. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screwing structure is formed by forming more than one fastening block at the lower end of the outer diameter wall of the annular wall of the insulation cap along the circumference, and the inner wall of the negative terminal is formed with more than one blocking part along the circumference.

3. The electrical connector of claim 2, wherein the annular wall has two retaining blocks formed at the lower end of the outer diameter wall along the circumference, the two retaining blocks are located at two opposite positions of the lower end of the outer diameter wall of the annular wall, the inner wall of the negative terminal has a blocking portion formed at two corresponding opposite positions, the two blocking portions are located at the opening of the negative terminal, a gap is formed between one end of one blocking portion and the other end of the other blocking portion, and the width of the gap is greater than the circumference of the retaining block.

4. The electrical connector of claim 2 wherein the outboard end of the button block is formed with a chamfered surface.

5. The electrical connector of claim 3, wherein the cap edge of the cap defines a start mark at a location corresponding to the inside end of the button and an end mark at an outside location away from the inside end of the button, the end mark being spaced from the start mark by a distance less than the circumference of the button; the outer peripheral wall of the negative terminal is formed with a positioning mark corresponding to the start mark on the cap at a position corresponding to one end of the notch.

6. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cap of the cap has a hole coaxially formed in the center thereof in a disk shape, the hole has a diameter matching the inner diameter of the positive terminal, and the cap has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the negative terminal and covers the top ends of the negative and positive terminals.

7. The electrical connector as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein an annular gap between the negative terminal and the positive terminal is filled with an insulating glue, and the height of the insulating glue is higher than that of the fastening block of the insulating cap.

8. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the connector base is cylindrical having a bottom portion and vertically extending upward from the bottom portion to form an outer ring and an inner ring, the outer ring and the inner ring being coaxially arranged and both of which are formed with a plurality of connecting ribs.

9. The electrical connector of claim 8, wherein the test terminal, positive terminal and negative terminal are each secured at one end to the bottom of the connector housing and at the other end coaxially between the inner rings.

10. The electrical connector of claim 8, wherein the bottom ends of the test terminal, the positive terminal and the negative terminal are electrically connected to a detection connecting piece, a positive electrical connecting piece and a negative electrical connecting piece, respectively, one end of the detection connecting piece, the positive electrical connecting piece and the negative electrical connecting piece is wrapped on the bottom of the connector base, and the other end of the detection connecting piece, the positive electrical connecting piece and the negative electrical connecting piece extends out of the connector base.