CN113794011A - Single battery and battery pack - Google Patents

Single battery and battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113794011A
CN113794011A CN202111116259.9A CN202111116259A CN113794011A CN 113794011 A CN113794011 A CN 113794011A CN 202111116259 A CN202111116259 A CN 202111116259A CN 113794011 A CN113794011 A CN 113794011A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
soft
package
exhaust
cell
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202111116259.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李磊
廖昌江
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evergrande New Energy Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Evergrande New Energy Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202111116259.9A priority Critical patent/CN113794011A/en
Publication of CN113794011A publication Critical patent/CN113794011A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of batteries, and provides a single battery and a battery pack. The single battery comprises at least one soft-package battery cell and a shell assembly, the shell assembly is surrounded to form a containing cavity used for containing each soft-package battery cell, and at least one side face of the shell assembly is provided with an exhaust hole used for communicating the containing cavity to the outside. The single battery can protect each soft package battery cell through the shell assembly, and form a single battery with regularization, modularization, better structural strength and better rigidity; and when the soft-package battery cell in the containing cavity of the single battery is out of control, although the position of the soft-package battery cell out of control is still uncontrollable, the gas of the single battery can be discharged along the designed exhaust hole, so that the directional exhaust is realized. Based on this, after a plurality of single batteries form the battery pack, the battery pack can predesign and prepare thermal runaway protective measures based on the directional exhaust of each single battery, so that the safety performance of the battery pack can be guaranteed and improved, and the thermal runaway spreading risk/speed can be reduced.

Description

Single battery and battery pack
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a single battery and a battery pack.
Background
The energy density of the soft-package battery cell formed by packaging the aluminum-plastic film is relatively high, and correspondingly, the energy density of the battery pack formed by the soft-package battery cell is also relatively high. However, the position of thermal runaway of the soft package battery cell is not controllable, and may occur at the tab, the sealed edge or other positions, so that the design of the battery pack and the preparation of the thermal runaway protection measure are not facilitated, and the safety performance of the battery pack is further affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a single battery, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the position of a soft package battery core in thermal runaway is not controllable, the design of a battery pack is not facilitated, and a thermal runaway safeguard measure is prepared.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a cell, comprising:
at least one soft-packed cell;
the shell assembly encloses to close and forms the chamber that holds that is used for holding each soft-packaged electrical core, and at least one side of shell assembly is equipped with and communicates the chamber that holds to the exhaust hole of outside.
By adopting the scheme, each soft package battery cell can be protected by the shell assembly, and a single battery with regularization, modularization, better structural strength and better rigidity is formed; and when the soft-package battery cell in the containing cavity of the single battery is out of control, although the position of the soft-package battery cell out of control is still uncontrollable, the gas of the single battery can be discharged along the designed exhaust hole, so that the directional exhaust is realized. Based on this, after a plurality of above-mentioned battery cells constitute the battery package, the battery package can be based on each battery cell's directional exhaust, designs in advance, prepares thermal runaway safeguard measure to do benefit to the guarantee and improve the security performance of battery package, and still do benefit to a certain extent and reduce thermal runaway and spread risk/speed.
In one embodiment, the shell assembly comprises a rectangular shell provided with a through hole along the length direction of the soft packaging core, and side plates respectively covering the through hole on the rectangular shell; the curb plate is equipped with first exhaust hole, and one side of rectangle shell in the direction of height of soft-packaged electrical core is equipped with the second exhaust hole.
By adopting the scheme, after each soft package battery core and the additional heat insulation structure or the buffer structure are arranged in a stacked mode, the whole body is plugged into the rectangular shell from any through hole of the rectangular shell, and then the two through holes of the rectangular shell are respectively covered by the two side plates, so that the assembly is completed. The equipment convenience is higher, and the protective effect of casing assembly to soft-packaged electrical core is preferred, more comprehensive after the equipment.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, when the laminate polymer battery core in the holding intracavity of battery cell takes place thermal runaway, though the position that thermal runaway takes place for the laminate polymer battery core is uncontrollable still, but some gas of battery cell can be followed the setting and discharged at each first exhaust hole of curb plate, and another part gas can be followed the setting and discharged at each second exhaust hole of rectangle shell, and realizes directional exhaust to avoid the orientation rather than the adjacent battery cell exhaust that is range upon range of in the thickness direction of laminate polymer battery core. Therefore, the battery pack which is more convenient for subsequent forming is based on the directional exhaust of each single battery, the thermal runaway protection measures are designed and prepared in advance, and the risk/speed of the thermal runaway spreading to other single batteries is further reduced, so that the safety performance of the battery pack is favorably ensured and improved.
In one embodiment, the single battery further comprises an insulating sleeve extending along the length direction of the flexible packaging battery core, and the insulating sleeve is sleeved between each flexible packaging battery core and the rectangular shell.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, the insulating cover of accessible makes between each soft-packaged electrical core and the rectangular shell insulating to can ensure the electrical insulation security between rectangular shell and each soft-packaged electrical core on the basis of guaranteeing the thermal conductivity ability of rectangular shell to each soft-packaged electrical core.
In one embodiment, the single battery comprises at least two soft package cells which are arranged in a stacked mode in the thickness direction of the soft package cells; the unit cell further includes:
the two insulating supports are respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the soft-packaged battery cell and are provided with vent holes opposite to the first exhaust hole;
the at least two bus bars are fixed on one side, facing the soft-package battery cell, of the insulating support, and all the bus bars are used for connecting all the soft-package battery cells in series, in parallel or in series-parallel;
two utmost point posts, two utmost point posts locate the one end of soft-packaged electrical core, or divide the relative both ends of locating soft-packaged electrical core, and the one end of utmost point post is connected with the busbar electricity that corresponds, and insulating support and casing subassembly and expose are worn to locate by the other end of utmost point post.
By adopting the scheme, the single battery can support the end part of the soft-package battery cell through the insulating support so as to stabilize the state of the soft-package battery cell; the bus bars can be fixed through the insulating support, and meanwhile, the power connection relation of series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection among the soft-package battery cells is established through the bus bars; and the two poles are respectively and electrically connected to the corresponding bus bars according to the constructed power connection relationship, and penetrate through the corresponding insulating support and the side plate of the shell assembly to be partially exposed so as to respectively form a positive electrode leading-out end and a negative electrode leading-out end of the single battery. Based on the structure, modular and standardized single batteries can be conveniently assembled, different power connection relations can be designed and constructed on the premise that the soft package battery cores with the same envelope, the same quantity and the same layout are adopted, and the single batteries with different voltages can be obtained, so that the battery packs with different voltage platforms can be conveniently assembled subsequently. And the single battery is convenient to construct a power connection relation with other single batteries based on the exposed pole part, so that the use performance of the single battery is ensured and improved.
In one embodiment, the poles respectively arranged at the two opposite ends of the soft-package battery cell are arranged in a staggered manner in the height direction of the soft-package battery cell.
By adopting the scheme, the positive leading-out end and the negative leading-out end of the end part of the adjacent single batteries needing to establish the power connection relation are arranged on one inclined line, and the electric connection is realized through the inclined switching row. Therefore, the electrical safety distance between the positive electrode leading-out end and the negative electrode leading-out end which need to be electrically connected can be pulled open to a certain extent, the creepage distance between the positive electrode leading-out end and the negative electrode leading-out end is enlarged, and the use safety of the single battery can be guaranteed and improved.
The invention also aims to provide a battery pack which comprises a box body and a plurality of single batteries, wherein the box body comprises a box body, an accommodating cavity is formed in the box body, and the accommodating cavity is internally provided with the plurality of single batteries which are stacked along the thickness direction of a soft-package battery core.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, each battery cell will skip the shaping and be the equipment step of battery module, and directly assemble to the box with shaping battery package, based on this, can improve the packaging efficiency, reduce the spare part and use to can optimize the space utilization of battery package, alleviate the total weight of battery package, promote the energy density of battery package.
In one embodiment, the end plates are stacked between the two opposite cavity walls of the accommodating cavity in the thickness direction of the flexible packaging core and the single batteries, and the two end plates and the single batteries stacked between the two end plates are fastened in a surrounding mode through the annular fastening belts.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, can be on the basis of the space utilization who guarantees the battery package and energy density, tie up both end plates and range upon range of each battery cell between both end plates through annular fastening area and be whole, so, the equipment of not only being convenient for, and still do benefit to synthesize, reinforce both end plates and range upon range of the global rigidity of each battery cell between both end plates.
In one embodiment, a reinforcing plate is stacked between part of adjacent single batteries, and the length of the reinforcing plate in the length direction of the soft package battery core is greater than that of the single batteries; the box body is internally provided with a longitudinal beam, and the end part of the reinforcing plate is inserted into the corresponding longitudinal beam or the frame of the box body.
By adopting the scheme, on one hand, the integral rigidity and strength of the two end plates, the single batteries stacked between the two end plates and the reinforcing plates can be further integrated and strengthened through the reinforcing plates; on one hand, the end parts of the reinforcing plates are in inserted fit with the longitudinal beams or the frame of the box body, so that the two end plates, the single batteries stacked between the two end plates and the reinforcing plates are integrally and quickly aligned during assembly, and the assembly convenience is improved; on the one hand, the reinforcing plate which is longer than the single battery and connected with the box body can reinforce the local strength of the box body and improve the anti-extrusion performance of the battery pack when the box body bears side extrusion and/or side collision.
In one embodiment, a cross beam and a longitudinal beam are arranged in the box body, and the heights of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam in the height direction of the soft package battery cell are both greater than the height of the single battery;
the battery pack further comprises a box cover for covering the box body, and the part of the cross beam higher than the single battery and the part of the longitudinal beam higher than the single battery and the box cover enclose together to form an exhaust space.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, adjacent holding chamber is separated more reliably to the crossbeam that the accessible was heightened and longeron, and based on this, when the battery cell of a certain holding intracavity takes place the thermal runaway, the crossbeam and the longeron that enclose to close and form this holding chamber can form certain separation effect to the thermal runaway, and reduce the thermal runaway and spread the risk/speed to other holding chambeies to can improve the security performance of battery package.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, still can be based on crossbeam and longeron are higher than enclosing jointly with the case lid and close and form exhaust space in the part of battery cell, so, can be convenient for thermal runaway's battery cell discharges its inside high temperature high-pressure gas to this exhaust space along the exhaust hole (be the second exhaust hole) of its top side to discharge to the battery package outside along predetermineeing the direction finally, so, do benefit to the reduction and take place the risk of explosion on fire because of the energy gathering. Thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack.
In one embodiment, the end part of each single battery and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity in the length direction of the flexible packaging battery core are arranged at intervals and enclose to form an exhaust groove;
the tip of each battery cell is gone up and is still carried the guard plate, and the guard plate butt is to the chamber wall of holding chamber on the length direction of laminate polymer core to the notch of lid closing the air discharge duct.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, when the arbitrary battery cell of air discharge duct one side takes place the thermal runaway, the battery cell of thermal runaway can discharge its inside high temperature high-pressure gas to the air discharge duct by the guard plate lid along its exhaust hole (be first exhaust hole) that is close to the air discharge duct to guide high temperature high-pressure gas through the air discharge duct and finally discharge to the battery package outside along predetermineeing the direction. Therefore, the risk of fire and explosion caused by energy accumulation is favorably reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
In one embodiment, the frame of the box body is provided with an exhaust port which communicates the exhaust groove to the outside, and the exhaust port is provided with an explosion-proof valve.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, when the total atmospheric pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the air discharge duct reached and predetermine atmospheric pressure, explosion-proof valve can open and allow the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the air discharge duct to follow and predetermine the route and along its emission to the battery package outside. Therefore, the risk of fire and explosion caused by energy accumulation is favorably reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
In one embodiment, the vent and explosion-proof valve are located at the end of the vent slot.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, when the total atmospheric pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the air discharge duct reached and predetermine atmospheric pressure, explosion-proof valve can open to the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the permission air discharge duct is followed the extension route of air discharge duct and is finally discharged to the battery package outside along it. Therefore, the risk of fire and explosion caused by energy accumulation is favorably reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a single battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the unit cell provided in fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a part of a structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the battery pack provided in fig. 3;
fig. 5 is an exploded schematic view of the battery pack provided in fig. 3;
fig. 6 is an exploded view of the end plates, the unit cells and the reinforcing plates stacked between the end plates, and the fastening bands provided in fig. 5.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
100-single battery, 110-soft package battery core, 120-shell component, 121-accommodating cavity, 122-vent hole, 1221-first vent hole, 1222-second vent hole, 123-rectangular shell, 124-side plate, 130-insulating sleeve, 140-insulating support, 141-vent hole, 150-bus bar and 160-pole; 200-box body, 210-box body, 211-frame, 212-back cover, 220-cross beam, 230-longitudinal beam, 201-accommodating cavity, and 202-exhaust groove; 300-an end plate; 400-fastening a belt; 500-reinforcing plate, 501-air guide hole; 600-protective plate; 700-switching row.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following describes a specific implementation of the present invention in more detail with reference to specific embodiments:
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the invention provides a single battery 100, which includes at least one flexible package cell 110 and a casing assembly 120, where the casing assembly 120 encloses a receiving cavity 121 for receiving each flexible package cell 110, and at least one side surface of the casing assembly 120 is provided with an exhaust hole 122 for communicating the receiving cavity 121 to the outside.
It should be noted that only one soft-package battery cell 110 may be accommodated in the accommodating cavity 121, and a plurality of soft-package battery cells 110 may also be accommodated therein. When soft-packaged electrical core 110 was equipped with a plurality ofly, each soft-packaged electrical core 110 was followed its thickness direction y range upon range of setting, and still can superpose range upon range of thermal-insulated structure or buffer structure such as fire prevention bubble is cotton between the adjacent soft-packaged electrical core 110.
Here, it should be noted that the housing assembly 120 has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape. The housing assembly 120 can reliably protect each soft package cell 110 accommodated in the accommodating cavity 121 thereof; the structure of the single battery 100 can be regularized and modularized; the overall structural strength and rigidity of the single battery 100 can be ensured and improved; the single battery 100 can be independent, so that the influence of the thermal runaway of the single battery 100 on other single batteries 100 is reduced, and the risk of the thermal runaway spreading to other adjacent single batteries 100 is reduced.
Wherein at least one side (e.g., top side, end side, etc.) of the housing assembly 120 is provided with one or more vent holes 122. Based on this, when thermal runaway occurs in the pouch cell 110 in the accommodating cavity 121 of the unit battery 100, although the position of the thermal runaway occurring in the pouch cell 110 is still uncontrollable, the (high-temperature and high-pressure) gas inside the unit battery 100 can be discharged along each of the vent holes 122 designed on the housing assembly 120, so as to achieve directional exhaust. Therefore, for a battery pack consisting of a plurality of single batteries 100, thermal runaway prevention measures can be designed and prepared in advance based on directional exhaust of each single battery 100, so that the safety performance of the battery pack is guaranteed and improved, and the risk of thermal runaway spreading to adjacent single batteries 100 is reduced to a certain extent.
In summary, by adopting the above scheme, each soft-package battery cell 110 can be protected by the housing assembly 120, and the single battery 100 with regularity, modularization, better structural strength and better rigidity is formed; when thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell 110 in the accommodating cavity 121 of the unit battery 100, although the position of the thermal runaway occurring in the soft package battery cell 110 is still uncontrollable, gas of the unit battery 100 can be discharged along the designed exhaust hole 122, so that directional exhaust is realized. Based on this, after a plurality of the above-mentioned battery cells 100 constitute the battery package, the battery package can be based on the directional exhaust of each battery cell 100, designs in advance, prepares thermal runaway safeguard measure to do benefit to the guarantee and improve the security performance of battery package, and still do benefit to a certain extent and reduce thermal runaway and spread risk/speed.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, at least one side of the casing assembly 120 in the length direction x of the flexible package core 110 is provided with a first air vent 1221 for communicating the accommodating cavity 121 to the outside, and one side of the casing assembly 120 in the height direction z of the flexible package core 110 is provided with a second air vent 1222 for communicating the accommodating cavity 121 to the outside. Here, the number of the first exhaust holes 1221 provided at each end may be one or more. The number of the second exhaust holes 1222 may be one or more.
Specifically, the casing assembly 120 includes a rectangular casing 123 having through holes along the length direction x of the soft-package battery cell 110, and side plates 124 respectively covering the through holes on the rectangular casing 123 (where the number of the side plates 124 is equal to the number of the through holes); the side plate 124 is provided with a first air vent 1221, and one side of the rectangular shell 123 in the height direction z of the soft package battery cell 110 is provided with a second air vent 1222.
By adopting the above scheme, after each soft package battery cell 110 and the additional heat insulation structure or buffer structure are stacked, the whole body is plugged into the rectangular shell 123 from any through hole of the rectangular shell 123, and then the two through holes of the rectangular shell 123 are respectively covered by the two side plates 124, thereby completing the assembly. The assembly convenience is higher, and the protection effect of the assembled shell assembly 120 on the soft-package battery cell 110 is better and more comprehensive.
By adopting the above scheme, when thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell 110 in the accommodating cavity 121 of the unit battery 100, although the position of thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell 110 is still uncontrollable, a part of gas of the unit battery 100 can be discharged along each first exhaust hole 1221 formed in the side plate 124, and another part of gas can be discharged along each second exhaust hole 1222 formed in the rectangular shell 123, so that directional exhaust is realized, and exhaust towards the adjacent unit battery 100 stacked in the thickness direction y of the unit battery cell 110 is avoided. Therefore, the battery pack which is more convenient for subsequent forming is based on the directional exhaust of each single battery 100, the thermal runaway protection measures are designed and prepared in advance, and the risk/speed of the thermal runaway spreading to other single batteries 100 is further reduced, so that the safety performance of the battery pack is favorably ensured and improved.
Here, the rectangular case 123 may be made of any material having mechanical strength and high temperature resistance, for example, aluminum. Due to the arrangement, the overall structural strength and rigidity of the single battery 100 are guaranteed and improved; and the heat conduction effect of the rectangular shell 123 to heat is favorably ensured and improved, so that the heat exchange and the heat dissipation of the following single battery 100 are facilitated.
The side plate 124 may be made of plastic. By the arrangement, the side plates 124 and the soft package battery cells 110 are insulated, so that the safety of the single battery 100 is guaranteed; and certain buffering and protecting effects can be formed on the end parts of the soft-package battery cells 110 through the side plates 124.
The side plates 124 and the rectangular shell 123 can be connected by welding. By such an arrangement, the side plates 124 and the rectangular shell 123 can be connected conveniently, and the connection strength is good.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the single battery 100 further includes an insulating sleeve 130 extending along the length direction x of the flexible package battery cell 110, and the insulating sleeve 130 is sleeved between each flexible package battery cell 110 and the rectangular shell 123.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, accessible insulating cover 130 makes between each soft-packaged electrical core 110 and the rectangular shell 123 insulating to can guarantee the electrical insulation security between rectangular shell 123 and each soft-packaged electrical core 110 on the basis of guaranteeing rectangular shell 123 to each soft-packaged electrical core 110's heat conductivity ability.
Of course, in other possible embodiments, an insulating paint layer may be coated on the inner wall of the rectangular shell 123 to insulate the soft packing cells 110 and the rectangular shell 123.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a single battery 100 includes at least two soft package cells 110 stacked in a thickness direction y of the soft package cells 110; the cell 100 further includes two insulating supports 140, at least two busbars 150, and two poles 160. The two insulating supports 140 are respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the soft-package battery cell 110, and the insulating supports 140 are provided with vent holes 141 opposite to the first exhaust holes 1221; the bus bars 150 are fixed on one side of the insulating support 140 facing the soft-package battery cell 110, and the bus bars 150 are commonly used for serially, parallelly or in series-parallel connection with the soft-package battery cells 110; two utmost point posts 160 locate the one end of soft-packaged electrical core 110, or divide the relative both ends of locating soft-packaged electrical core 110, and the one end and the busbar 150 electricity that correspond of utmost point post 160 are connected, and insulating support 140 and casing subassembly 120 and expose are worn to locate by the other end of utmost point post 160.
It should be noted that the end portions of the plurality of soft-package cells 110 can be supported by the insulating support 140 disposed at the end portion of the soft-package cell 110, so as to jointly stabilize the states of the plurality of soft-package cells 110. And the insulating support 140 is electrically insulated from each soft-package battery cell 110.
Part of high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the soft package cell 110 during thermal runaway can be discharged to the outside of the single battery 100 along the vent 141 and the first vent 1221 which are communicated with each other.
It should also be noted that at least one busbar 150 may be fixed to the inside of each insulating support 140, and the busbars 150 may jointly form a series, parallel, or series-parallel power connection relationship between multiple flexible package cells 110.
According to the constructed power connection relationship, one of the poles 160 is used as the positive electrode leading-out terminal of the single battery 100, is welded to the corresponding busbar 150, and is arranged through the corresponding insulating support 140 and the side plate 124 of the housing assembly 120 to be partially exposed, and the exposed part of the pole 160 can be used for being electrically connected with the negative electrode leading-out terminals of other single batteries 100 to construct the power connection relationship between different single batteries 100. Similarly, another terminal 160 is used as a negative terminal of the single battery 100, and is welded to the corresponding bus bar 150, and is disposed through the corresponding insulating bracket 140 and the side plate 124 of the housing assembly 120 to be partially exposed, and the exposed portion of the terminal 160 can be used to be electrically connected to positive terminals of other single batteries 100 to construct a power connection relationship between different single batteries 100.
For example, when two soft-package cells 110 are provided and a serial power connection relationship needs to be established between the two soft-package cells 110, a conjoined bus bar 150 can be fixed on the inner side of the insulating support 140 at one end of the two soft-package cells 110, and tabs at the ends of the two soft-package cells 110 are welded together to the conjoined bus bar 150; the two independent busbars 150 can be fixed on the inner side of the insulating support 140 at the other end of the two soft-package cells 110, the tabs at the ends of the two soft-package cells 110 are respectively welded to the two busbars 150, and meanwhile, the two poles 160 are also respectively welded to the two busbars 150 at the ends and respectively serve as the positive leading-out end and the negative leading-out end of the single battery 100. Therefore, a unidirectional series power connection relationship can be established between the two soft package cells 110.
For example, when two soft package cells 110 are provided and a parallel power connection relationship needs to be established between the two soft package cells 110, an integrated bus bar 150 can be fixed on the inner side of the insulating support 140 at one end of the two soft package cells 110, the tabs at the one end of the two soft package cells 110 are welded together to the integrated bus bar 150, and meanwhile, a terminal 160 is welded to the bus bar 150 at the one end to serve as a positive lead-out end of the single battery 100; the inner side of the insulating support 140 at the other end of the two soft-package cells 110 is also fixed with a conjoined bus bar 150, the tabs at the ends of the two soft-package cells 110 are welded together to the conjoined bus bar 150, and at the same time, the other terminal 160 is welded to the conjoined bus bar 150 at the end to serve as a negative leading-out end of the single battery 100. Thus, a parallel power connection relationship can be established between the two soft-package cells 110.
In summary, by adopting the above scheme, the single battery 100 can support the end of the soft package battery cell 110 through the insulating support 140 to stabilize the state of the soft package battery cell 110; the busbars 150 can be fixed through the insulating support 140, and meanwhile, the series, parallel or series-parallel power connection relationship among the soft-package battery cells 110 is established through the busbars 150; and also electrically connects the two poles 160 to the corresponding bus bars 150, respectively, according to the constructed power connection relationship, and is partially exposed by passing through the corresponding insulating bracket 140 and the side plate 124 of the case assembly 120 to form a positive electrode lead-out terminal and a negative electrode lead-out terminal of the unit battery 100, respectively. Based on this, the modularized and standardized single batteries 100 can be conveniently assembled, and different power connection relations can be designed and constructed on the premise that the soft package battery cores 110 with the same envelope, the same quantity and the same layout are adopted, so that the single batteries 100 with different voltages can be obtained, and the battery packs with different voltage platforms can be conveniently assembled subsequently. Moreover, the single battery 100 is convenient for building power connection relations with other single batteries 100 based on the exposed pole 160, thereby being beneficial to ensuring and improving the service performance of the single battery 100.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 6, in the present embodiment, two poles 160 respectively disposed at two opposite ends of the soft-package battery cell 110 are disposed in a staggered manner in the height direction z of the soft-package battery cell 110.
It should be noted that, when the two pole posts 160 are respectively disposed at two opposite ends of the flexible package battery cell 110, one end of the single battery 100 is provided with a positive terminal, which is a positive terminal; the other end of the unit cell 100 will be provided with a negative terminal, which is a negative terminal. In this way, when a plurality of unit batteries 100 are stacked in the thickness direction y of the pouch cell 110, the positive terminal and the negative terminal of each unit battery 100 are alternately arranged at the end of each unit battery 100, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal of adjacent unit batteries 100 can be electrically connected through the switching row 700, so as to construct the power connection relationship between the adjacent unit batteries 100.
Based on this, by adopting the above scheme, the positive lead-out terminal and the negative lead-out terminal at the end portions of the adjacent single batteries 100 where the power connection relationship needs to be established can be arranged on a diagonal line, and the electrical connection needs to be realized through the oblique transfer row 700. Thus, the electrical safety distance between the positive lead-out terminal and the negative lead-out terminal which need to be electrically connected can be pulled open to a certain extent, and the creepage distance therebetween can be increased, so that the use safety of the single battery 100 can be ensured and improved.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery pack, which includes a box body 200 and a plurality of single batteries 100, where the box body 200 includes a box body 210, an accommodating cavity 201 is formed in the box body 210, and the accommodating cavity 201 accommodates the plurality of single batteries 100 stacked in the thickness direction y of the flexible package battery core 110.
It should be noted that the box body 210 includes four side frames 211 connected end to end in sequence to form a rectangle, and a back cover 212 fixed to the bottoms of the four side frames 211. A liquid cooling system may be provided on the upper side of the back cover 212, or the back cover 212 itself may be a liquid cooling system. So as to be convenient for the subsequent high-efficient heat dissipation of each unit battery 100 through the direct contact of the liquid cooling system with each unit battery 100.
The box body 210 may not be provided with the cross beams 220 and the longitudinal beams 230, and the box body 210 is only enclosed by its own frame 211 to form a large accommodating cavity 201. Or, at least one cross beam 220 may be disposed in the box body 210, and each cross beam 220 may divide a large space enclosed by the box body 210 into a plurality of accommodating cavities 201. Or, at least one longitudinal beam 230 may be disposed in the box body 210, and each longitudinal beam 230 may divide a large space enclosed by the box body 210 into a plurality of accommodating cavities 201. Or, at least one cross beam 220 and at least one longitudinal beam 230 may be disposed in the tank body 210, and each cross beam 220 and each longitudinal beam 230 are criss-cross and jointly divide the large space enclosed by the tank body 210 into a plurality of accommodating cavities 201.
It should be further noted that, in the accommodating cavity 201, a plurality of unit batteries 100 may be stacked in the thickness direction y of the pouch cell 110, and may be fixed relative to the back cover 212 by adopting a threaded connection or an adhesion manner.
When the single batteries 100 are non-detachably connected (e.g., adhered) to the back cover 212 and the single batteries 100 are failed/damaged, the effective single batteries 100 can be connected by the transfer row 700 to cross over the failed/damaged single batteries 100, so that the voltage of the battery pack is lost, but the battery pack can be continuously used without being discarded as a whole, thereby correspondingly prolonging the service life of the battery pack and facilitating the repair.
Therefore, by adopting the above scheme, each single battery 100 can skip the assembly step of forming the battery module and can be directly assembled to the box body 200 to form the battery pack.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 5, and fig. 6, in the present embodiment, end plates 300 are stacked between two opposite cavity walls of the accommodating cavity 201 in the thickness direction y of the flexible package core 110 and the single batteries 100, and the two end plates 300 and the single batteries 100 stacked between the two end plates 300 are fastened by a ring-shaped fastening belt 400.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, can be on the basis of guaranteeing space utilization and the energy density of battery package, tie up two end plates 300 and range upon range of each battery cell 100 between two end plates 300 and be whole through annular fastening band 400, so, not only be convenient for assemble, and still do benefit to synthesize, strengthen two end plates 300 and range upon range of the global rigidity of each battery cell 100 between two end plates 300.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 5, and fig. 6, in the present embodiment, a reinforcing plate 500 is stacked between some adjacent single batteries 100, and a length of the reinforcing plate 500 in the length direction x of the pouch cell 110 is greater than a length of the single battery 100; a longitudinal beam 230 is arranged in the box body 210, and the end of the reinforcing plate 500 is inserted into the corresponding (near) longitudinal beam 230 or the frame 211 of the box body 210. Here, the two end plates 300, and the respective unit cells 100 and the respective reinforcing plates 500 stacked between the two end plates 300 are fastened around by the ring-shaped fastening tape 400.
By adopting the above-described scheme, on one hand, the overall rigidity and strength of the two end plates 300, and the respective unit cells 100 and the respective reinforcing plates 500 stacked between the two end plates 300 can be further integrated and reinforced by the reinforcing plates 500; on one hand, the end parts of the reinforcing plates 500 are in inserted fit with the longitudinal beams 230 or the frames 211 of the box body 210, so that the two end plates 300, the single batteries 100 stacked between the two end plates 300 and the reinforcing plates 500 are enabled to be integrally and quickly aligned during assembly, and the assembly convenience is improved; on the one hand, the reinforcing plate 500, which is longer than the unit battery 100 and is connected to the case 200, may reinforce the local strength of the case 200 when the case 200 is subjected to side compression and/or side impact, thereby improving the compression resistance of the battery pack.
In addition, the reinforcing plate 500 can also be used as a hoisting and bearing structure for the two end plates 300, the single batteries 100 stacked between the two end plates 300 and the reinforcing plate 500; when the top of the reinforcing plate 500 is even or slightly higher than the top of the battery cell 100, the reinforcing plate 500 may also be used to support and fix a two-layer BDU (battery Disconnect Unit) and BMS (battery Management system) integrated structure.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5, in the present embodiment, a cross beam 220 and a longitudinal beam 230 are disposed in the box body 210, and the heights of the cross beam 220 and the longitudinal beam 230 in the height direction z of the soft package battery core 110 are both greater than the height of the single battery 100; the battery pack further comprises a box cover for covering the box body 200, the part of the cross beam 220, which is higher than the single battery 100, and the part of the longitudinal beam 230, which is higher than the single battery 100, and the box cover jointly enclose to form an exhaust space.
By adopting the above scheme, the adjacent accommodating cavities 201 can be more reliably separated by the heightened transverse beam 220 and the heightened longitudinal beam 230, and on the basis, when the thermal runaway occurs in the single battery 100 in a certain accommodating cavity 201, the transverse beam 220 and the longitudinal beam 230 which form the accommodating cavity 201 in a surrounding manner can form a certain blocking effect on the thermal runaway, so that the risk/speed of the thermal runaway spreading to other accommodating cavities 201 is reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
By adopting the above scheme, the part of the cross beam 220 and the longitudinal beam 230 higher than the single battery 100 and the case cover jointly enclose to form the exhaust space, so that the single battery 100 with thermal runaway can conveniently discharge high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the single battery to the exhaust space along the exhaust hole 122 (i.e. the second exhaust hole 1222) on the top side of the single battery, and finally discharge the gas to the outside of the battery pack along the preset direction, and thus, the risk of fire and explosion caused by energy accumulation is favorably reduced. Thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5, in the present embodiment, each single battery 100 is fixed relative to the box body 210, and an end portion of each single battery 100 and a cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 201 in the length direction x of the flexible package battery core 110 are disposed at an interval and enclose to form an exhaust slot 202; a protection plate 600 is further mounted on an end portion of each unit battery 100, and the protection plate 600 abuts against a cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 201 in the longitudinal direction x of the flexible package battery core 110 and covers a notch of the exhaust groove 202.
By adopting the above scheme, when thermal runaway occurs in any single battery 100 on one side of the exhaust groove 202, the single battery 100 with thermal runaway can discharge high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the single battery 100 to the exhaust groove 202 covered by the protection plate 600 along the exhaust hole 122 (i.e. the first exhaust hole 1221) close to the exhaust groove 202, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is guided by the exhaust groove 202 to be finally discharged to the outside of the battery pack along the preset direction. Therefore, the risk of fire and explosion caused by energy accumulation is favorably reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
When the reinforcing plate 500 connected to the case 200 is provided, the end of the reinforcing plate 500 is provided with the air vent 501 penetrating along the extending path of the exhaust groove 202 so as to prevent the reinforcing plate 500 from blocking the exhaust groove 202.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, an exhaust port (not shown) is disposed on the frame 211 of the box body 210 to communicate the exhaust groove 202 to the outside, and an explosion-proof valve (not shown) is disposed at the exhaust port.
By adopting the above scheme, when the total pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the exhaust groove 202 reaches the preset pressure, the explosion-proof valve is opened and allows the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the exhaust groove 202 to be discharged to the outside of the battery pack along the preset path. Therefore, the risk of fire and explosion caused by energy accumulation is favorably reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, an exhaust port and an explosion-proof valve are provided at an end of the exhaust groove 202.
By adopting the above scheme, when the total pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the exhaust groove 202 reaches the preset pressure, the explosion-proof valve is opened, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the exhaust groove 202 is allowed to be discharged to the outside of the battery pack along the extending path of the exhaust groove 202 and finally along the extending path. Therefore, the risk of fire and explosion caused by energy accumulation is favorably reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A battery cell, comprising:
at least one soft-packed cell;
the shell assembly surrounds and forms a containing cavity used for containing each soft-package battery cell, and at least one side face of the shell assembly is provided with an exhaust hole used for communicating the containing cavity to the outside.
2. The single battery of claim 1, wherein the casing assembly comprises a rectangular casing with a through opening along the length direction of the soft package battery core, and side plates respectively covering the through opening on the rectangular casing; the side plate is provided with a first exhaust hole, and one side of the rectangular shell in the height direction of the soft package battery core is provided with a second exhaust hole;
the single battery further comprises insulating sleeves extending along the length direction of the soft-package battery cell, and the insulating sleeves are sleeved between the soft-package battery cells and the rectangular shells.
3. The single battery of claim 2, wherein the single battery comprises at least two laminate polymer battery cells arranged in a thickness direction of the laminate polymer battery cells; the unit cell further includes:
the two insulating supports are respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the soft package battery cell and are provided with vent holes opposite to the first exhaust holes;
the at least two bus bars are fixed on one side, facing the soft package battery cell, of the insulating support, and the bus bars are used for connecting the soft package battery cells in series, in parallel or in series and in parallel;
two utmost point posts, two utmost point posts are located the one end of soft-packaged electrical core, or divide and locate the relative both ends of soft-packaged electrical core, the one end of utmost point post with correspond the busbar electricity is connected, the other end of utmost point post is worn to locate insulating support with the casing subassembly exposes.
4. The single battery according to claim 3, wherein the poles respectively disposed at two opposite ends of the soft-package battery cell are arranged in a staggered manner in a height direction of the soft-package battery cell.
5. A battery pack is characterized by comprising a box body and a plurality of single batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the box body comprises a box body, a containing cavity is formed in the box body, and the containing cavity is internally provided with the plurality of single batteries which are stacked along the thickness direction of the soft package battery core.
6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein end plates are stacked between the opposite cavity walls of the accommodating cavity in the thickness direction of the laminate polymer core and the single batteries, and the two end plates and the single batteries stacked between the two end plates are fastened around by an annular fastening belt.
7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein a reinforcing plate is laminated between some adjacent unit batteries, and the length of the reinforcing plate in the length direction of the pouch cell is greater than the length of the unit batteries; the box body is internally provided with a longitudinal beam, and the end part of the reinforcing plate is inserted into the corresponding longitudinal beam or the frame of the box body.
8. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein a cross beam and a longitudinal beam are arranged in the box body, and the height of each of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam in the height direction of the soft package battery core is greater than that of the single battery;
the battery pack further comprises a box cover covering the box body, and the part of the cross beam higher than the single battery, the part of the longitudinal beam higher than the single battery and the box cover jointly enclose to form an exhaust space.
9. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the end of each battery cell is spaced from the wall of the accommodating cavity in the length direction of the flexible packaging core, and encloses to form an air vent;
each still carry the protection plate on the tip of monomer battery, the protection plate butt extremely the holding chamber is in the flexible package electricity core's the ascending chamber wall of length direction to the notch of lid the air discharge duct.
10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein an exhaust port for communicating the exhaust groove to the outside is provided on a rim of the case body, and an explosion-proof valve is provided at the exhaust port; the exhaust port and the explosion-proof valve are arranged at the end part of the exhaust groove.
CN202111116259.9A 2021-09-23 2021-09-23 Single battery and battery pack Pending CN113794011A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN113794011A true CN113794011A (en) 2021-12-14

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CN202111116259.9A Pending CN113794011A (en) 2021-09-23 2021-09-23 Single battery and battery pack

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114614188A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-06-10 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 Portable household energy storage battery box
CN114678652A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-06-28 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 Single battery and battery pack
CN115133191A (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-09-30 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 Battery pack, exhaust method thereof and electric device
WO2023128394A1 (en) * 2021-12-27 2023-07-06 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Cell unit and battery pack comprising same
WO2023239218A1 (en) * 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Battery pack and vehicle comprising same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023128394A1 (en) * 2021-12-27 2023-07-06 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Cell unit and battery pack comprising same
CN114678652A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-06-28 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 Single battery and battery pack
CN114678652B (en) * 2022-04-08 2024-03-19 欣旺达动力科技股份有限公司 Single battery and battery pack
CN114614188A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-06-10 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 Portable household energy storage battery box
WO2023239218A1 (en) * 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Battery pack and vehicle comprising same
CN115133191A (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-09-30 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 Battery pack, exhaust method thereof and electric device

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