CN113791404B - Radar defuzzification and shielding method based on orthogonal frequency division signals - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/12—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the pulse-recurrence frequency is varied to provide a desired time relationship between the transmission of a pulse and the receipt of the echo of a preceding pulse
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/26—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave
- G01S13/28—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
- G01S13/581—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets
- G01S13/582—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
- G01S13/583—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets
- G01S13/584—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S13/34—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
- G01S13/347—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal using more than one modulation frequency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radar deblurring and shielding method based on orthogonal frequency division signals, relates to the field of radars, and solves the problems of distance blurring and shielding and speed blurring in the prior art. Determining the number of orthogonal LFM pulse signals transmitted by adopting a high repetition frequency mode in the time corresponding to the maximum detection distance according to the maximum duration corresponding to the radar maximum detection distance and the pulse repetition time interval PRI; and carrying out frequency domain pulse compression processing on the obtained echo matrix R in combination with the transmitted pulse LFM signal to obtain a processed new echo matrix, and carrying out MTD processing on the echo matrix. The invention solves the problems of distance shielding, distance blurring and speed blurring at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radars, in particular to a radar defuzzification and shielding method based on orthogonal frequency division signals.
Background
Digital array radar, which has numerous advantages, has become the mainstay of the current radar field. In the searching stage of the digital array radar, no priori information exists, the information such as the distance, the speed and the angle of the target is unknown, a Pulse Doppler (PD) radar system is usually adopted for detecting the target at a longer distance, the transmitting and receiving common antennas (or the transmitting and receiving common antennas are not shared), the transmitting and receiving states are mutually switched, and the receiving of the target echo is not influenced by the transmitting leakage.
The radar of the pulse system generates a distance ambiguity when the delay time of the target echo is longer than the repetition period of the transmitted pulse. Velocity ambiguity occurs when the doppler frequency caused by the motion of the target is greater than half the repetition frequency of the transmitted pulses.
To solve the problem of speed ambiguity, a High Pulse Repetition Frequency (HPRF) mode of operation may be used, but at the same time, the problems of distance ambiguity and distance occlusion are also brought. In order to solve the problem of distance ambiguity, the conventional method adopts several different Pulse Repetition Intervals (PRI), and the PRI is usually selected according to the remainder theorem, a one-dimensional set algorithm, a lookup table method and the like, but the methods have respective defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the invention provides a radar de-blurring and shielding method based on orthogonal frequency division signals, which solves the problems.
In the traditional radar signal method, the echo between two pulses is subjected to pulse compression processing, so that the problem of distance ambiguity occurs.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
step 1, determining the time width of the transmitted LFM pulse according to the distance blind area and the distance resolution of a radar system so as to ensure that a target echo signal cannot overlap with the transmitted pulse;
Determining a minimum transmit Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) to be employed in one radar cycle based on a target maximum radial velocity to ensure that no velocity ambiguity occurs;
Step 2, determining the number of orthogonal LFM pulse signals transmitted by adopting a high repetition frequency mode in the time corresponding to the maximum detection distance according to the maximum time length corresponding to the furthest detection distance of the radar and the pulse repetition time interval PRI, wherein the high repetition frequency mode is adopted to avoid the speed ambiguity of the radar;
The orthogonal LFM pulse signals are orthogonal LFM signals with auto-correlation and cross-correlation properties;
that is, a 1,a2,…,am of the multiple orthogonal LFM transmitting signals are respectively, the transmitting signals are mutually orthogonal, and the requirements among the pulses are met
Wherein E represents signal energy;
the inverse number of the PRF (pulse repetition frequency) PRI (pulse repetition frequency) is the time interval between two adjacent transmission pulses, the number of the LFM pulse signals which are transmitted in quadrature (namely m pulse signals a 1,a2,…,am) is determined in the time T max corresponding to the maximum detection distance, and the LFM pulse signals are orthogonal in pairs and have good autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties (namely autocorrelation side lobes and cross-correlation side lobes are lower);
Step 3, transmitting orthogonal LFM pulse signals for a plurality of times in a radar period CPI to accumulate echo signals detected by a radar system;
Further, in step 3, the number of times T max corresponding to the maximum detection distance in one radar period CPI is adaptively selected according to the application scenario in which the target is located.
In step 3, the method further comprises a preprocessing process of echo signals, wherein the preprocessing process comprises the following steps: down-converting echo signals acquired by a receiver of the radar system in T max into digital baseband signals;
The method comprises the steps of setting a part of a transmitted pulse in T max to zero by echo among a plurality of pulses, and reconstructing a time sequence, wherein the sequence comprises m zero sequences with the same width as the transmitted pulse and m echo sequences in T max.
In the matrix R constructed by the above method, the first row time length is T max (the time length after the start of the transmission of the a 1 signal), the second row time length is also T max (the time length after the start of the transmission of the a 2 signal), and the subsequent rows are similar.
If one radar period CPI contains a plurality of T max, the same processing is performed on the subsequent echoes in one CPI, so as to obtain an echo matrix R, as shown in the following formula.
In step 4, an echo matrix R constructed in step 3 is obtained, the echo matrix R is matched with a transmitting pulse LFM signal to carry out frequency domain pulse compression processing to obtain a processed new echo matrix, and MTD processing is carried out on the echo matrix;
The detailed processing method of the frequency domain pulse compression is as follows:
The echo R 1 of the first row of the matrix R is subjected to frequency domain pulse compression with A 1, A 1 is obtained by arranging 0 behind a transmitting pulse LFM signal a1 to obtain equal-length time sequences A 1 and R 1, and the equal-length time sequences A 1 and R 1 are substituted into the following processing
X1=IFFT(FFT(R1)·CONJ(FFT(A1)))
Wherein CONJ is a conjugate operation;
The echo R 2 of the second row of the matrix R is subjected to frequency domain pulse compression with A 2, and A 2 is obtained by arranging 0 behind a transmitting pulse LFM signal a 2, so that A 2 and R 2 with equal length time sequences are obtained;
and (3) processing each row of the matrix R, putting the processed data into the corresponding row of the new matrix X, and performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) on each column of the new matrix X, namely performing MTD (maximum transfer rate) processing, wherein the peak value in the matrix is used for representing the distance and the speed of a target.
In conventional PD radar, overlapping may occur in the echoes of different pulses to objects at different distances, and the peak value of the MTD result of the conventional method is distance-blurred, which is insufficient to distinguish different objects from overlapping echoes. After the processing, even if the echo is the superposition of a plurality of target echoes, the peak value in the MTD result can show that different targets are positioned at different distances, so that the problem of the echo superposition distance blurring is solved.
The radar adopts a receiving and transmitting switching mode, and the problem of distance shielding is inevitably generated. In order to avoid the distance shielding caused by the switching of the receiving and transmitting, in some radar periods, another pulse repetition frequency can be adopted for the transmitting signal, and the repetition frequency is slightly greater than the minimum pulse repetition frequency, and the orthogonal LFM pulse signals (such as b 1,b2,…,bn in the figure, the orthogonal LFM signals are orthogonal in pairs, have good auto-correlation and cross-correlation properties, and n is slightly greater than m). The problem of distance shielding is solved by transmitting two different pulse repetition frequencies and processing subsequent radar signals.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The invention solves the problems of distance shielding, distance blurring and speed blurring at the same time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of transmitting orthogonal LFM pulse signals in one radar period according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an MTD diagram of a conventional PD radar transmitting the same LFM pulse signal.
Fig. 3 is a graph of MTD of the present invention transmitting orthogonal LFM pulse signals.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the terms "comprises" or "comprising" as may be used in various embodiments of the present invention indicate the presence of inventive functions, operations or elements, and are not limiting of the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of the invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and their cognate terms are intended to refer to a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be interpreted as first excluding the existence of or increasing likelihood of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
In various embodiments of the invention, the expression "or" at least one of a or/and B "includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "a or B" or "at least one of a or/and B" may include a, may include B or may include both a and B.
Expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in the various embodiments of the invention may modify various constituent elements in the various embodiments, but the respective constituent elements may not be limited. For example, the above description does not limit the order and/or importance of the elements. The above description is only intended to distinguish one element from another element. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that: if it is described to "connect" one component element to another component element, a first component element may be directly connected to a second component element, and a third component element may be "connected" between the first and second component elements. Conversely, when one constituent element is "directly connected" to another constituent element, it is understood that there is no third constituent element between the first constituent element and the second constituent element.
The terminology used in the various embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the various embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) will be interpreted as having a meaning that is the same as the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in connection with the various embodiments of the invention.
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention relates to a Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) signal which is a widely used pulse pressure radar signal, and aims to reduce the working blind area of an LFM pulse radar and the width of a transmitting pulse, namely the chip length of the LFM signal as far as possible; in order to solve the problem of speed ambiguity, a High Pulse Repetition Frequency (HPRF) working mode is adopted, and the problem of distance ambiguity can be solved by adopting the received signal processing method, namely a frequency domain pulse compression method;
Specific examples are as follows:
The PD radar receiver has a sampling rate of 100MHz, a single LFM pulse signal bandwidth B is 10MHz (4 LFM pulse signal frequencies are respectively 0-10MHz, 10-20MHz, 20-30MHz and 30-40 MHz), a pulse width tau is 1.28 mu s, a pulse repetition Period (PRI) is 64 mu s, 4 PRIs are contained in a radar period T max, 16T max are contained in a coherent accumulation period (CPI), and a radio frequency f is 3GHz and c is the speed of light. The distance resolution at this time is
Distance blind zone
Maximum no-blur distance of
Maximum disambiguation speed of
The distance of the target was set to 20km, the speed of the target was 270m/s, and the signal-to-noise ratio was set to-15 dB. If the same signal is used for the transmission signal, the MTD result is shown in fig. 2, and it is impossible to distinguish which echo of the transmission pulse signal is the echo, which generates the distance ambiguity.
By adopting the method, the mutually orthogonal LFM pulse signals are transmitted, the MTD result is shown in figure 3, the distance and the speed of the target can be accurately measured, and only one peak value exists in the figure, namely the problem of distance ambiguity does not exist.
In order to avoid distance shielding caused by switching between receiving and transmitting (the target echo delay of the currently transmitted pulse signal is overlapped with a certain subsequent transmitted pulse, the echo signal is not received and processed, and the target information cannot be obtained), another pulse repetition frequency is adopted in this example, and one radar period T max contains 5 PRIs. Through the transmission of two different pulse repetition frequencies and subsequent radar signal processing, the problem of distance shielding of the PD radar can be solved.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A radar defuzzification and shielding method based on orthogonal frequency division signals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1, determining the time width of transmitting LFM pulse according to the distance blind area and the distance resolution of a radar system;
determining a minimum transmit pulse repetition frequency employed in a radar period according to a maximum radial velocity of the target;
Step 2, determining the number of orthogonal LFM pulse signals transmitted by adopting a high repetition frequency mode in the time corresponding to the maximum detection distance according to the maximum duration corresponding to the furthest detection distance of the radar and the pulse repetition time interval PRI;
Step 3, transmitting orthogonal LFM pulse signals for a plurality of times in a radar period CPI to accumulate echo signals detected by a radar system; the method also comprises the preprocessing process of the echo signals, wherein the preprocessing process comprises the following steps: down-converting echo signals acquired by a receiver of the radar system in T max into digital baseband signals; the method comprises the steps of setting a part of a transmitted pulse in T max to be zero by echoes among a plurality of pulses, and reconstructing a time sequence, wherein the sequence comprises m zero sequences with the same width as the transmitted pulse and m echo sequences in T max;
Step 4, obtaining an echo matrix R constructed in the step 3, carrying out frequency domain pulse compression processing on the echo matrix R in combination with a transmitting pulse LFM signal to obtain a processed new echo matrix, and carrying out MTD processing on the echo matrix;
Wherein m is the number of the transmitted signals, and T max is one radar period.
2. The method for disambiguating and obscuring claim 1, wherein the orthogonal LFM pulse signal is an orthogonal LFM signal with auto-correlation, cross-correlation properties;
that is, a 1,a2,…,am of the multiple orthogonal LFM transmitting signals are respectively, the transmitting signals are mutually orthogonal, and the requirements among the pulses are met
;
Where E represents the signal energy.
3. The method for disambiguating and shielding radar based on orthogonal frequency division signals according to claim 2, wherein the number of times T max corresponding to the maximum detection distance in one radar period CPI in step3 is adaptively selected according to the application scenario in which the target is located.
4. A method for disambiguating and obscuring a radar based on orthogonal frequency division signals according to claim 3, wherein in step 4, the detailed processing method of frequency domain pulse compression is as follows:
The echo R 1 of the first row of the matrix R is subjected to frequency domain pulse compression with A 1, A 1 is obtained by arranging 0 behind a transmitting pulse LFM signal a1 to obtain equal-length time sequences A 1 and R 1, and the equal-length time sequences A 1 and R 1 are substituted into the following processing
;
Wherein CONJ is a conjugate operation;
The echo R 2 of the second row of the matrix R is subjected to frequency domain pulse compression with A 2, and A 2 is obtained by arranging 0 behind a transmitting pulse LFM signal a 2, so that A 2 and R 2 with equal length time sequences are obtained;
and (3) processing each row of the matrix R, putting the processed data into the corresponding row of the new matrix X, and performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) on each column of the new matrix X, namely performing MTD (maximum transfer rate) processing, wherein the peak value in the matrix is used for representing the distance and the speed of a target.
5. A method of disambiguating and obscuring radar based on orthogonal frequency division signals according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the radar system is in a transmit-receive switching mode, and wherein the transmitted signal is at a further pulse repetition frequency during part of the radar period, the further pulse repetition frequency being slightly greater than the minimum pulse repetition frequency.
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CN115356717B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-03-24 | 艾索信息股份有限公司 | Distance occlusion solving target detection method and device, computer equipment and medium |
CN116755073B (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2024-03-26 | 上海雷骥电子科技有限公司 | Method for resolving distance ambiguity by using lookup table and application |
CN116541696B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-19 | 北京理工大学 | Pulse system fuze echo signal-to-noise ratio estimation method |
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