CN113789782B - Foundation slab, anti-floating anchor rod and construction method - Google Patents
Foundation slab, anti-floating anchor rod and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113789782B CN113789782B CN202111190194.2A CN202111190194A CN113789782B CN 113789782 B CN113789782 B CN 113789782B CN 202111190194 A CN202111190194 A CN 202111190194A CN 113789782 B CN113789782 B CN 113789782B
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 263
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 263
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/06—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against corrosion by soil or water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
- E02D31/12—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure against upward hydraulic pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
A foundation slab, the bottom end of the reinforcement cage of the foundation slab is welded with the horizontal rolling sliding support; a horizontal rolling sliding support is welded at the top end of a rod body of an anti-floating anchor rod, and a construction method for preventing a building foundation slab from horizontal shrinkage cracking comprises the steps of prefabricating the horizontal rolling sliding support, pouring the anchor rod body, cleaning a support body, installing a fourth steel plate, laying a cushion layer, laying a felt sliding layer, welding a shell and a reinforcement cage, pouring the foundation slab and the like. The invention relates to the technical field of building anti-floating, and can effectively solve the problem that the existing anti-floating anchor rod generates a horizontal constraint effect on a foundation slab to cause cracking of the foundation slab during horizontal shrinkage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anti-floating of buildings, in particular to a foundation slab, an anti-floating anchor rod and a construction method.
Background
According to the existing data and practical application, the traditional anti-floating anchor rod has remarkable effect on the anti-floating aspect of buildings, but the traditional anti-floating anchor rod still has the technical problem that after concrete is poured, an evaporation phenomenon exists, and even if the air humidity is extremely high (as long as the humidity is less than 100%), when the evaporation speed of the concrete surface is greater than the bleeding speed of the concrete, the concrete surface shrinks, and the concrete surface is called plastic shrinkage because the concrete surface shrinks in the plastic stage. When the stress generated by plastic shrinkage is larger than the tensile resistance of the concrete, plastic cracking can be caused, the concrete has no strength before initial setting, and the concrete cracks due to weak shrinkage tensile force. Traditional anti-floating anchor is when being connected with the soleplate, often stock top-down directly imbeds soleplate, it does not add any processing to connect the face (soleplate's deformation receives the hindrance of anti-floating anchor, this effect is called "external restraint stress and usually can arouse the formula crack that runs through), though this mode has increased vertical restraint, for the basis anti-floating provides help, but it also can increase the horizontal restraint when increasing vertical restraint, it produces the shrink at the horizontal direction to restrain the concrete, lead to the increase of temperature restraint stress, thereby the bottom plate takes place the security performance that the fracture influences the structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a foundation slab, an anti-floating anchor rod and a construction method, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a foundation plate, foundation plate include the steel reinforcement cage, still weld in the bottom of steel reinforcement cage has a plurality of horizontal roll supports that slide, the bottom of horizontal roll support that slides and the body of rod top welding of a plurality of anti-floating anchor, the bottom of horizontal roll support that slides offset with ground, the body of rod be fixed in the soil of below ground through concreting in, foundation plate casting take shape the back, horizontal roll support that slides inlays to be established in foundation plate's concrete, and the bottom salient in foundation plate's lower surface of horizontal roll support that slides, foundation plate through horizontal roll support that slides for body of rod horizontal displacement to release the body of rod to foundation plate horizontal direction's restraint effect when guaranteeing anti-floating effect.
The utility model provides an anti-floating anchor rod, includes 1 or many body of rod, body of rod top welding have the horizontal roll support that slides.
Preferably, the horizontal rolling sliding support comprises a support body, the support body comprises a first steel plate welded to the top ends of 1 or more rods, a cylindrical support body coaxially welded to the upper surface of the first steel plate, a second steel plate coaxially welded to the upper surface of the cylindrical support body, a third steel plate arranged between the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and a grouting pipe, wherein a central circular hole is formed in the center of the third steel plate and is sleeved on the periphery of the support body through the central circular hole, the diameter of the central circular hole is larger than the outer diameter of the support body, the upper surface and the lower surface of the third steel plate are respectively connected with the lower surface of the second steel plate and the upper surface of the first steel plate in a sliding manner through a rolling mechanism, a first supporting steel plate is welded to the outer edge of the upper end surface of the third steel plate, the inner surface of the first supporting steel plate is separated from the side surface of the second steel plate, the top end of the first supporting steel plate is connected with a fourth steel plate through a high-strength bolt, the third supporting steel plate, the first supporting steel plate and the fourth steel plate form a shell, and the grouting pipe penetrates through the second steel plate, the support body and the first steel plate and extends downwards side by side; the top end of the fourth steel plate is welded with the bottom end of the reinforcement cage; the bottom outer fringe of third steel sheet still weld the second supporting steel board, the internal surface of second supporting steel board and the lateral wall surface of first steel sheet between and the fourth steel sheet and first supporting steel sheet between all sealed through the foaming agent packing, the bottom of second supporting steel board be higher than the lower surface of first steel sheet.
Preferably, the rolling mechanism comprises a spherical rolling groove and steel balls arranged in the rolling groove, the rolling groove is respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the third steel plate, the upper surface of the first steel plate is connected with the lower surface of the third steel plate in a sliding manner through the steel balls, and the lower surface of the second steel plate is connected with the upper surface of the third steel plate in a sliding manner through the steel balls.
Preferably, the first steel plate and the second steel plate are both round steel plates, the third steel plate is a rectangular steel plate, and the shell is of a cubic structure.
Preferably, the welding positions of the first supporting steel plate and the third steel plate and the welding positions of the third steel plate and the second supporting steel plate are both subjected to grinding, polishing and sealing treatment.
Preferably, the first steel plate, the second steel plate, the third steel plate, the first supporting steel plate, the second supporting steel plate, the supporting body and the fourth steel plate are all made of high-strength steel materials, and the exposed surface of the shell is subjected to anticorrosion treatment.
A construction method for preventing horizontal shrinkage cracking of a building foundation slab comprises the following steps:
and 6, pouring concrete to prepare the foundation slab.
Preferably, in the step 2, the slurry overflowing into the casing is removed, and the fourth steel plate is fixed after the casing is filled with the foamed polyethylene material.
Preferably, in the step 4, a waterproof layer is further arranged between the cushion layer and the felt sliding layer.
The foundation slab, the anti-floating anchor rod and the construction method have the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the foundation slab disclosed by the invention, the horizontal rolling sliding support is welded at the bottom end of the reinforcement cage of the foundation slab, so that the foundation slab can overcome the constraint effect of the anti-floating anchor rod in the horizontal direction, and the foundation slab can be prevented from cracking when being contracted in the horizontal direction.
2. The anti-floating anchor rod disclosed by the invention can avoid generating a horizontal constraint effect on the foundation slab and prevent the foundation slab from cracking due to a horizontal constraint force when the foundation slab horizontally contracts when being connected with the foundation slab through the support body, can be prefabricated in batches in a factory, can provide longitudinal anti-floating force and supporting force, can also play a role in preventing the foundation slab from cracking compared with the conventional anti-floating anchor rod, and is worthy of popularization and application.
3. The construction method for preventing the horizontal shrinkage cracking of the building foundation slab can effectively avoid the cracking phenomenon of the foundation slab during horizontal shrinkage displacement caused by the horizontal constraint of the existing anti-floating anchor rod on the foundation slab.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the horizontal rolling sliding support of the present invention;
1. soil; 2. a cushion layer; 3. a waterproof layer; 4. a blowing agent; 5. a second support steel plate; 6. a central circular hole; 7. a first steel plate; 8. a third steel plate; 9. steel balls; 10. a second steel plate; 11. a high-strength bolt; 12. a reinforcement cage; 13. a fourth steel plate; 14. a first support steel plate; 15. a grouting pipe; 16. a rod body; 17. a support body; 18. a rolling groove; 19. a felt sliding layer.
Detailed Description
In the following, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail in a stepwise manner, which is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only used for describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation and a specific orientation configuration and operation, and thus, the present invention is not to be construed as being limited thereto.
Examples 1,
A foundation slab comprises a steel reinforcement cage 12, wherein a plurality of horizontal rolling sliding supports are welded at the bottom end of the steel reinforcement cage 12, the bottom ends of the horizontal rolling sliding supports are welded with the top ends of rod bodies 16 of a plurality of anti-floating anchor rods, the bottom ends of the horizontal rolling sliding supports abut against the ground, the rod bodies 16 are fixed in soil 1 below the ground through pouring concrete, after the foundation slab is cast and formed, the horizontal rolling sliding supports are embedded in the concrete of the foundation slab, the bottom ends of the horizontal rolling sliding supports protrude out of the lower surface of the foundation slab, namely the lower portions of first steel plates protrude out of the lower surface of the foundation slab and abut against the ground through the first steel plates, and the foundation slab horizontally displaces relative to the rod bodies through the horizontal rolling sliding supports so as to release the restraint effect of the rod bodies on the horizontal direction of the foundation slab while the anti-floating effect is guaranteed.
The embodiment discloses a foundation slab, which is different from a foundation slab in a traditional building structure. The top end of the rod body is connected with the foundation slab through the horizontal rolling sliding support, so that the vertical constraint effect is achieved on the foundation slab, the horizontal rolling sliding support can be allowed to horizontally displace to a certain degree in the horizontal direction, and the foundation slab is prevented from cracking due to horizontal constraint of a traditional anchor rod and horizontal contraction displacement of the foundation slab.
In this embodiment, the shapes of the first steel plate 7, the second steel plate 10 and the third steel plate 8 are not limited, the horizontal sliding amount of the horizontal rolling sliding support depends on the difference between the inner diameter of the central circular hole and the outer diameter of the support (see the following details), and in a specific application, the difference between the two should meet the requirement of the horizontal shrinkage displacement amount of the foundation slab.
Examples 2,
An anti-floating anchor rod comprises 1 or a plurality of rod bodies, wherein a horizontal rolling sliding support is welded at the top end of each rod body.
The embodiment discloses an anti-floating anchor rod, as shown in fig. 2, the anti-floating anchor rod can replace a traditional anchor rod for use, wherein a horizontal rolling sliding support seat replaces the part above the ground of the traditional anchor rod, and can be welded with a reinforcement cage after an anchor rod body is fixed.
Examples 3,
On the basis of the above embodiment, the present embodiment is further modified as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the horizontal rolling sliding support includes a support body, the support body includes a first steel plate 7 welded to the top end of 1 or more rods 16, a cylindrical support 17 coaxially welded to the upper surface of the first steel plate 7, a second steel plate 10 coaxially welded to the upper surface of the cylindrical support 17, a third steel plate 8 and a grouting pipe 15 arranged between the first steel plate 7 and the second steel plate 10, a central circular hole 6 is arranged at the center of the third steel plate 8 and sleeved on the periphery of the support 17 through the central circular hole, the diameter of the central circular hole is larger than the outer diameter of the support 17, the upper and lower surfaces of the third steel plate 8 are slidably connected to the lower surface of the second steel plate 10 and the upper surface of the first steel plate 7 through a rolling mechanism, a first support steel plate 14 is welded to the outer edge of the upper end surface of the third steel plate 8, the inner surface of the first support steel plate 14 is separated from the side surface of the second steel plate, the top end of the first support steel plate 14 is connected to a fourth steel plate 13 through a high-strength bolt 11, the third steel plate 8, the first support plate 14 and the fourth steel plate 14 and the second steel plate 17 extend side by side and the support 7 and the second steel plate 17; the top end of the fourth steel plate 13 is welded with the bottom end of the reinforcement cage 12; a second supporting steel plate 5 is welded at the outer edge of the bottom end of the third steel plate 8, foaming agents 4 are filled and sealed between the inner surface of the second supporting steel plate 5 and the outer surface of the side wall of the first steel plate 7 and between the fourth steel plate and the first supporting steel plate, and the bottom end of the second supporting steel plate 5 is higher than the lower surface of the first steel plate 7;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rolling mechanism includes a spherical rolling groove 18 and steel balls 9 disposed in the rolling groove, the rolling groove 18 is disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the third steel plate 8, the upper surface of the first steel plate 7 is slidably connected to the lower surface of the third steel plate 8 through the steel balls 9, and the lower surface of the second steel plate 10 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the third steel plate 8 through the steel balls 9.
The embodiment discloses horizontal roll support that slides, wherein the supporter 17, first steel sheet 7, second steel sheet 10 and body of rod 16 are fixed connection together, and the fourth steel sheet, the third steel sheet, first supporting steel sheet and second supporting steel sheet are in the same place with the steel reinforcement cage welding, soleplate drives the steel reinforcement cage and then when driving casing horizontal migration, the supporter has constituted limit structure, avoid exceeding soleplate horizontal shrinkage's scope, thereby guarantee soleplate's stability, horizontal roll support that slides has ensured anti floating effect when releasing the horizontal restraint effect of the body of rod, and can avoid soleplate to ftracture because of horizontal shrinkage.
In this embodiment, the space between the inner surface of the second supporting steel plate 5 and the outer surface of the sidewall of the first steel plate 7 is filled with the foaming agent 4, and the first steel plate, the second steel plate, and the third steel plate are made coaxial.
Examples 4,
On the basis of embodiment 3, the present embodiment is further improved as follows:
the first steel plate 7 and the second steel plate 10 are both round steel plates, the third steel plate 8 is a rectangular steel plate, and the shell is of a cubic structure;
the welding positions of the first supporting steel plate 14 and the third steel plate 8 and the welding positions of the third steel plate 8 and the second supporting steel plate 5 are subjected to polishing and sealing treatment, so that the concrete can be firmly connected;
the first steel plate 7, the second steel plate 10, the third steel plate 8, the first supporting steel plate 14, the second supporting steel plate 5, the supporting body 17 and the fourth steel plate 13 are all made of high-strength steel materials, and the exposed surface of the shell is subjected to anticorrosion treatment.
Examples 5,
On the basis of the above embodiment, a construction method for preventing horizontal shrinkage cracking of a building foundation slab is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
and 6, pouring concrete to prepare the foundation slab.
Examples 6,
On the basis of embodiment 5, the present embodiment is further improved as follows:
referring to fig. 1, in step 2, slurry overflowing into the casing is removed, and the fourth steel plate is fixed after the casing is filled with the foamed polyethylene material.
In this embodiment, the foaming agent in the shell can further ensure that external slurry cannot enter the shell, but also ensure the horizontal displacement capability of the shell.
Example 7,
On the basis of embodiment 6, the present embodiment is further improved as follows:
in the step 4, a waterproof layer is further arranged between the cushion layer and the felt sliding layer.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. in the application of the foundation slab and the anti-floating anchor rod, the support body and the anti-floating anchor rod body are welded before construction, so that the construction difficulty is greatly reduced, the operation is easy, and the resource waste caused by welding in the construction process is avoided; the diameter of the central round hole of the third steel plate is larger than that of the support body, so that the third steel plate has a space capable of moving horizontally in the horizontal direction, meanwhile, the contact surface between the first steel plate, the second steel plate and the third steel plate is connected in a sliding mode through a rolling mechanism, the friction resistance of the contact surface is reduced, and when horizontal shrinkage of foundation slab concrete occurs, the support body can release horizontal constraint force of the anti-floating anchor rod, and cracking of the foundation slab is avoided.
2. In the construction method, the thickness of the cushion layer is slightly lower than that of the first steel plate, so that the cushion layer is prevented from being in direct contact with the foundation bottom plate (the friction force between the cushion layer and the foundation bottom plate is large when the cushion layer and the foundation bottom plate are in direct contact), the second supporting steel plate and the first steel plate are filled with the foaming agent, and cement mortar is prevented from entering the shell when concrete is poured in the later period; meanwhile, the foaming agent has good flexibility and buffering performance, so that the support body can slide in the horizontal direction, and meanwhile, the foaming agent has good waterproofness and protects the interior of the shell from entering water, so that the shell is prevented from being corroded.
3. In the construction method, the felt sliding layer is laid between the foundation slab and the cushion layer at the position where the support body is not laid, so that the external constraint stress of the cushion layer on the foundation slab in the cooling process is reduced.
4. According to the construction method, after the anchor rod is subjected to secondary grouting and post-maintenance, the fourth steel plate is connected with the top end of the support steel plate through the bolt, the construction is simple and convenient, the operability is strong, and the workload and difficulty in welding connection are reduced.
Claims (9)
1. A foundation sole plate characterized by: the foundation slab comprises a steel reinforcement cage, a plurality of horizontal rolling sliding supports are welded at the bottom end of the steel reinforcement cage, the bottom ends of the horizontal rolling sliding supports are welded with the top ends of the rod bodies of a plurality of anti-floating anchor rods, the bottom ends of the horizontal rolling sliding supports are abutted against the ground, the rod bodies are fixed in soil below the ground through pouring concrete, after the foundation slab is cast and formed, the horizontal rolling sliding supports are embedded in the concrete of the foundation slab, the bottom ends of the horizontal rolling sliding supports protrude out of the lower surface of the foundation slab, and the foundation slab horizontally displaces relative to the rod bodies through the horizontal rolling sliding supports so as to release the restraint effect of the rod bodies on the horizontal direction of the foundation slab while ensuring the anti-floating effect;
the horizontal rolling sliding support comprises a support body, the support body comprises a first steel plate welded at the top ends of 1 or more rods, a cylindrical support body coaxially welded on the upper surface of the first steel plate, a second steel plate coaxially welded on the upper surface of the cylindrical support body, a third steel plate arranged between the first steel plate and the second steel plate and a grouting pipe, a central round hole is formed in the center of the third steel plate and is sleeved on the periphery of the support body through the central round hole, the diameter of the central round hole is larger than the outer diameter of the support body, the upper surface and the lower surface of the third steel plate are respectively in sliding connection with the lower surface of the second steel plate and the upper surface of the first steel plate through a rolling mechanism, a first supporting steel plate is welded on the outer edge of the upper end face of the third steel plate, the inner surface of the first supporting steel plate is separated from the side surface of the second steel plate, the top end of the first supporting steel plate is connected with a fourth steel plate through a high-strength bolt, the third steel plate, the first supporting steel plate and the fourth steel plate form a shell, and the grouting pipe penetrates through the second steel plate, the support body and the first steel plate and the grouting pipe extend downwards side by side; the top end of the fourth steel plate is welded with the bottom end of the reinforcement cage; a second supporting steel plate is welded at the outer edge of the bottom end of the third steel plate, foaming agents are filled and sealed between the inner surface of the second supporting steel plate and the outer surface of the side wall of the first steel plate and between the fourth steel plate and the first supporting steel plate, and the bottom end of the second supporting steel plate is higher than the lower surface of the first steel plate;
the top end of the shell is used for being welded with a reinforcement cage of the foundation slab, the horizontal sliding amount of the horizontal sliding support depends on the difference between the inner diameter of the central circular hole and the outer diameter of the support body, the difference between the inner diameter of the central circular hole and the outer diameter of the support body meets the requirement of the horizontal shrinkage displacement amount of the foundation slab, and in the displacement amount range, the rod body only has longitudinal restraint but no horizontal restraint on the foundation slab.
2. An anti-floating anchor rod is characterized in that: the device comprises 1 or more rod bodies, wherein a horizontal rolling sliding support is welded at the top end of each rod body;
the horizontal rolling sliding support comprises a support body, wherein the support body comprises a first steel plate welded to the top ends of 1 or more rods, a cylindrical support body coaxially welded to the upper surface of the first steel plate, a second steel plate coaxially welded to the upper surface of the cylindrical support body, a third steel plate arranged between the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and a grouting pipe, wherein a central round hole is formed in the center of the third steel plate and is sleeved on the periphery of the support body through the central round hole, the diameter of the central round hole is larger than the outer diameter of the support body, the upper surface and the lower surface of the third steel plate are respectively connected with the lower surface of the second steel plate and the upper surface of the first steel plate in a sliding manner through a rolling mechanism, a first supporting steel plate is welded on the outer edge of the upper end face of the third steel plate, the inner surface of the first supporting steel plate is separated from the side surface of the second steel plate, the top end of the first supporting steel plate is connected with a fourth steel plate through a high-strength bolt, the third steel plate, the first supporting steel plate and the fourth steel plate form a shell, and the grouting pipe penetrates through the second steel plate, the support body and the first steel plate and extends downwards alongside the rods; the top end of the fourth steel plate is welded with the bottom end of the reinforcement cage; a second supporting steel plate is welded at the outer edge of the bottom end of the third steel plate, foaming agents are filled and sealed between the inner surface of the second supporting steel plate and the outer surface of the side wall of the first steel plate and between the fourth steel plate and the first supporting steel plate, and the bottom end of the second supporting steel plate is higher than the lower surface of the first steel plate;
the top end of the shell is used for welding with a reinforcement cage of the foundation slab, the horizontal sliding amount of the horizontal sliding support depends on the difference between the inner diameter of the central circular hole and the outer diameter of the support body, the difference between the inner diameter of the central circular hole and the outer diameter of the support body meets the requirement of the horizontal shrinkage displacement of the foundation slab, and in the displacement range, the rod body only has longitudinal restraint but no horizontal restraint on the foundation slab.
3. A foundation bed or an anti-floating anchor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the rolling mechanism comprises a spherical rolling groove and steel balls arranged in the rolling groove, the rolling groove is respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the third steel plate, the upper surface of the first steel plate is connected with the lower surface of the third steel plate in a sliding mode through the steel balls, and the lower surface of the second steel plate is connected with the upper surface of the third steel plate in a sliding mode through the steel balls.
4. A foundation slab or an anti-floating anchor as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first steel plate and the second steel plate are both round steel plates, the third steel plate is a rectangular steel plate, and the shell is of a cubic structure.
5. The foundation slab or anti-floating anchor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the welding positions of the first supporting steel plate and the third steel plate and the welding positions of the third steel plate and the second supporting steel plate are both subjected to grinding, polishing and sealing treatment.
6. The foundation bed or anti-floating anchor as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the first steel plate, the second steel plate, the third steel plate, the first supporting steel plate, the second supporting steel plate, the supporting body and the fourth steel plate are all made of high-strength steel materials, and the exposed surface of the shell is subjected to anticorrosion treatment.
7. A construction method for preventing horizontal shrinkage cracking of a building foundation slab is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of a foundation slab or anti-floating anchor as claimed in claim 6, comprising the steps of:
step 1, prefabricating and molding a horizontal rolling sliding support in a factory; welding the rod bodies of 1 or more anti-floating anchor rods to the bottom end of the first steel plate;
step 2, inserting the rod body into a hole pre-drilled in the construction ground, pouring concrete into the hole through a grouting pipe, removing slurry overflowing into the shell after pouring, fixedly connecting a fourth steel plate to the top of the shell through a high-strength bolt, and spraying a foaming agent at the joint of the fourth steel plate and the first support steel plate for sealing;
step 3, after the rod body is shaped through concrete, a cushion layer is laid on the construction ground outside the first steel plate, and the thickness of the cushion layer is smaller than that of the first steel plate;
step 4, filling a foaming agent between the upper surface of the cushion layer and the lower surface of the second support steel plate, paving a felt sliding layer on the upper surface of the cushion layer on which the outer side of the foaming agent is positioned, and enabling the lower end of the second support steel plate to abut against the upper surface of the felt sliding layer;
step 5, welding the bottom of the reinforcement cage with the top of a fourth steel plate;
and 6, pouring concrete to prepare the foundation slab.
8. The construction method as set forth in claim 7, wherein: and 2, removing the slurry overflowing into the shell, and fixing the fourth steel plate after filling the foamed polyethylene material into the shell.
9. The construction method as set forth in claim 7, wherein: in the step 4, a waterproof layer is further arranged between the cushion layer and the felt sliding layer.
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